The strength of each component is under:

RESOURCES:

1. Books

There are huge amount of books that you may avoid of reading. But the best reading is to use them. One
thing kept in mind that whatever the reason you should use these basic grammar rules in you daily life
while speaking.

For PTE Exams

1. The Official Guide to PTE (Contains a CD include some practical examples)
2. PTE Practice test Plus ( Contains 4 official tests and software)

Vocabulary:
1. Focus on Vocabulary (266 pages)

For Reading
1. Basic rules in grammar
2. Collocations Words
3. Verb Pattern and 3 follow links

2. Websites
Ptestudy.com
Pte-practice.com
 Video Links for PTE Tasks
1. Read Aloud 6-7
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3KjrUGfkLY&t=1s

2. Repeat Sentence 10-12

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MYtqHGfyKy8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3KjrUGfkLY&t=1094s

3. Describe Image 6-7

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rveo3RFK3kk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=97ZX6jySeEg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5YxXFj5LwAo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rveo3RFK3kk&t=2516s

4. Retell Lecture 3-4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zoigeFjlB4&t=751s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U9iYnbHd5ys&t=215s

5. Answer Short Question 10-12

6. Summarize Written Text 2-3

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=teVfEY_emTw&index=10&list=PLNgX3kw7kalvvmBZf39bf-isw0JJceqDd
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AdyRgrOEzx8&list=PLNgX3kw7kalvvmBZf39bf-isw0JJceqDd
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kxNrsf39n6c&t=41s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BCjTv_tqjh4

7. Write Essays 1-2

8. Reading Multiple Choice, Choose Single Answer

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cdttHHw66KY&t=2551s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cdttHHw66KY&t=2467s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aOppYp6ON84

9. Reading Multiple Choice, Choose Multiple Answers

10. Reorder Paragraph

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MMFNS7WObyc&t=1096s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9c__V0SyQqc&t=740s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41GPBzdQ-Zo&index=10&list=PLuNN-0EZaL5kz0AOCgSUKItKqY32AVc
Ec
 11. Reading Fill in the blanks
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wqbe7xUyksk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jCb7XJyTFak
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gc6Uz0hCUoA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HAxKWTCvgfk&t=206s

12. Reading and Writing Fill in the blanks

13. Summarize Spoken Text

14. Listening Multiple Choice, Choose Multiple Answers
15. Fill in the Blanks
16. Highlight Correct Summary
17. Multiple choice, choose single answer
18. Select missing word
19. Highlight incorrect words
20. Write from dictation
 TECHNIQUES AND QUESTIONS TYPES

Speaking
Read Aloud
1. Read with proper pauses, intonation and stress
2. Better to group a few words together
3. Keep your natural rhythm
4. Practice before actually answering

Repeat Sentence
1. Listen for phrases in the sentence
2. Copy the emphasis in the sentence

Describe Image
1. Introduce Image
2. Explain Key Features
3. Conclude
4. Introduce Image - This graph represents the Title + X-axis or as appropriate for the given image (10 seconds)
5. Key Features - Most noticeable features and smooth talk (20 seconds)
6. Conclusion - start with word "Overall" or "In Conclusion", single sentence (10 seconds)
7. Note: Oral Fluency is more important than Content.

Retell Lecture (Only 10 sec to prepare)

5. Make note of key points quickly
6. Get the gist of the lecture
7. Speak at least 5 sentences
8. Use arrows & symbols in the Notes to indicate order or flow
9. Speak fluently and with correct pronunciation
10. Start with "The speaker said.."
11. Memorize this structure to make fluency better whatever the topic maybe.

“THE STRUCTURE”
1. The Speaker was discussing about TOPIC
2. He talked about HOW N1.
3. He mentioned THAT N2.
4. He discussed THE WAY IN WHICH N3.
5. He highlighted N4.
6. He also talked about HOW
7. In conclusion, HE SUGGESTED THAT N6.

Answer Short Questions

12. Be Precise
13. Answer in 1 - 3 words
14. Listen carefully

Writing
1. Summarize Written Text
2. Identify Key Points
 3. Use FANBOY connector words. FANBOY = For,And,Nor,But,Or,Yet
4. Strictly less than 70 words ideally 40 - 50 words
5. One sentence only
6. Use max of two commas
7. Start with Capital and end with full stop

Writing Essay
8. Essay Template
9. (suited for essays asking my opinion)
10. Keep it to 230 - 250 words
11.
12. (Introduction)
13. These days, there is an ongoing debate between people about ______________. While it is possible to claim
that______________ , my view is that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages. In this essay, I shall explain
my point of view by analysing both sides of the argument.
14.
15.
16. (2nd Paragraph)
17. There are several reasons why _____________________. One of them is that ___________________. It can also
be argued that ___________________. It should also be taken into account that ________________.
18.
19.
20. (3rd Paragraph)
21. Those who argue for __________ have a different view and say that it can actually be a good thing. Firstly, it is
claimed that ____________. Then, there are concerns about __________________.
22.
23. (Conclusion)
24. While there are strong arguments on both sides of the case, my personal opinion is that _________. I would
strongly recommend that _______________.
25.

Reading

Multiple Choice, Choose Single Answer

1. Read and Understand the Question
2. Read Passage and Understand
3. Choose YOUR Answer and Eliminate other incorrect Answers

Multiple Choice, Choose Multiple Answers

1. Has Negative Marking
2. Can have 2 or 3 correct options - Choose wisely and don't push yourself
3. Read Question and Understand
4. Read Passage with Focus and Understand
5. Eliminate Answers and Choose the right options

Re-order Paragraphs
1. Search for Heading/Topic Sentence that stands alone
2. Check Proper Nouns-Common nouns-Pronoun-Articles Usage-Time Phrases order to re-order the sentences.
3. Proper Nouns - Atlantic Ocean, Walt Disney, etc
 4. Common Nouns - Man, Mountain, etc
5. Pronoun - He, She, They, Them, etc
6. Articles Usage - a, an, the. "The" refers to a noun already introduced earlier
7. Time Phrases - Passive voice refers back to another sentence
8. Other Phrases - However, Moreover, Although, Also, etc

Fill in the Blanks (Both Reading\Writing)

1. Skim through the Passage first
2. Concentrate at parts of speech before and after the Blank
3. Practice Collocations

Listening
Summarize Spoken Text
1. Start writing with "The speaker said..."
2. Other tips same as Re-tell Lecture
3. Make note of key points quickly
4. Get the gist of the lecture
5. Write at least 5 sentences
6. Use arrows & symbols to indicate order or flow
7. Write with correct pronunciation

Multiple Choice, Choose Single Answer

1. Read question before audio starts
2. Stay focused till the end

Multiple Choice, Choose Multiple Answers

1. Has Negative Marking - be cautious
2. Read question before audio starts
3. Stay focused till the end

Highlight Correct Summary

1. Write down in notepad
2. Understand what is conveyed by speaker
3. Use elimination method
4. In general, the answer with many detail is wrong one. Use this tip only when you can’t understand at all.

Fill in the Blanks

1. Note down in notepad
2. Careful listen to nouns - singular/plural?
3. Take care of Spellings. Answer is Wrong if Spelling is wrong.

Select Missing Word

1. Straight forward.
2. Listen Carefully.
3. Get the Gist of the speaker.

Highlight Incorrect Words

1. Single Left Mouse Click on the Incorrect Word.
2. Be Quick as the speaker can be fast at times.
Write From Dictation
1. Use Notepad or Type, whichever is more comfortable.
2. Start with Capital and End with Full stop.
Some examples Repeat Sentence:
1. Please come to the next seminar properly prepared.
2. You will find the economics section on the second floor of the library.
3. Next time, we will discuss the influence of the media in public policy.
4. There is plenty of cheap accommodation off-campus.
5. The lecture on child psychology has been postponed until Friday.
6. The meeting will take place in the main auditorium.
7. You must establish a day and a time with your tutor.
8. There will be no extensions given for this project.
9. New timetables will be posted on the student noticeboard.
10. All students are encouraged to vote in the forthcoming elections
11. Most teaching staff make their lecture notes available online.
12. Sydney is Australia’s largest city, chief port and cultural center.
13. There will be a conference here next summer on using a web for academic
research.
14. The university has world renowned school of archaeology.
15. Successful applicants will work with a large team of researchers.
16. Higher numbers of patients were infected than during previous outbreaks of the
illness.
17. The final year will consist of four taught courses and one project.
18. He started his tutorial presentation right on time.
19. The nearest automatic teller is in front of Anatomy labs.
20. Newspaper are supported primarily by the sale of advertising space.
21. The Arts Magazine is looking for a new Assistant Editor.
22. The lecture will deal with the influence of technology on music.
23. Make sure you correctly cite all your sources.
24. There are hundreds of clubs and societies to choose from.
25. Does the college refectory offer vegetarian dishes on a daily basis?
26. All essays and seminar papers submitted must be emailed to your tutor.
27. He was not the only one to call for legal reform in the 16th century.
28. The Drama Society is now auditioning for parts in the student play.
29. There is a position available for a Junior Lecturer in Media Studies.
30. There will be a significant rise in tuition fees starting next year.
31. Of course, you can also choose to have your grades email to you.
32. Does the professor keep regular office hours?
33. I will check again but I am pretty sure we are supposed to read chapter two.
34. I think the University’s main campus is closed.
35. If your parents come to visit you this semester where will they stay?
36. When I was in school, I had many of the same problem you do now.
37. I thought the mid-term exam was only worth half of our course grade.
38. Many of the most popular courses are available online.
39. Please have copies of your seminar papers in the library a week in advance.
40. Most students are not eligible to claim housing benefit.
41. If you want to quit the student union, tell the registrar.
42. Does the university have an ice hockey team?
43. Without doubt, his primary motive was economic.
44. The modern approach to the problem is to stress the symbolic side of human
nature.
45. Many privately-owned firms have been eaten up by larger corporations.
46. I'm afraid Professor Jones doesn't suffer fools gladly.
47. Most of these criticisms can be shown to be false.
48. The seminar will now take place a week on Tuesday.
49. You don't have to be on Professor Smith's course to attend this lecture.
50. The library will be closed for three days over the bank holiday weekend.
51. l think we should get together over the weekend to discuss this assignment.
52. There's an hourly bus service from the campus into town.
53. This is the third time you've asked for an extension on this project.
54. They say Professor Jones's lectures are always interesting, and funny.
55. Being a student representative on the union really cuts into my study time.
56. I've got a tutorial in an hour and I haven't had any time to prepare for it.
57. We are warning the clients that the rates are increasing.
58. Much of his research objectives are driven by his natural curiosity and instincts.
59. The fire left the area almost completely devoid of vegetation.
60. I will now demonstrate how the reaction can be arrested by adding a dilute acid.
61. The initial results are intriguing; however, statistically speaking they are
insignificant.
62. The opposition has so far been unresponsive to our proposal.
63. I believe the children should read aloud more.
64. The majority of the hardware we are using was built for a customer.
Part -1 Speaking and Writing

1. #RA v4.0 (45%)

1. Maintain same fluency throughout the test

2. Pronunciation
3. Listen to yourself--- very very very important It will help you identify you gaps.
4. Pronounce Difficult words during layover time during test/exam

How to Practice:
Speak with Google Voice service and check how many words you got correct with it. It should be 80% of your total
words.
At least talk 10 minutes daily for this talk. And listen again and again and improve your speaking habit.

Source Material:
Watch out these video:

2. #RS v4.0 (52%)

Understand the topic and Repeat the sentence.

In case of emergency, repeat whatever you heard or Just press NEXT.

Score on Meaning of the Content and Fluency.

Close down you eye and listen to phrases. This is the major contributor of your Listening, Speaking skills.

3. #DI v.2.0
Practice daily for each type of question. E.g. Picture, Graph, Pie Chart and Table

First Sentence
· The graph represents [graph title + x axis] based on [The list of categories]
· x-axis shows […] and y-axis shows […]
Second Sentence
· As depicted in the graph, There are [number of categories: two] different trends for [categories: men and
women].
· In addition to this information, it is quite clear that [all the numbers are increasing/decreasing/fluctuating]
· [The max] has the [highest] number among all categories.

· [The Max] belongs to [china with 40 percent]

Third Sentence
· Overall, the graph shows the fluctuations of [graph title] over time.
· Based on the data in the graph, it can be predicted that in future, we will see the same pattern.
4. #RL

5. #ASQ v.1.0.

Practice with sample file given V.4.0.pdf

Writing Module

6. #SWT v.4.0.

Whereas the fundamental essence of N1 emphasizes the significance of N2,

the corresponding impacts of N3 such as N4 and N5 are acknowledged,
and N6 could be inferred evidently from N7, from which the potential implications of N8 as well as N9 are
presumed.

7. #WE

Recently, the phenomenon of T1 and its corresponding impact has sparked a heated debate. Although contested
by many that the matter of N1 is highly beneficial, such issue is regarded thoroughly both constructive and positive
by a substantial number of individuals. I am inclined to believe that N2 can be a plus, and I will analyze that
throughout this essay.

From a social standpoint, T2 can provide the society with some noticeable effects which are rooted in the fact that
N3, as well as N4, are inextricably bound up. According to my own experience, when I was a university student, I
performed an academic experiment which discovered N5. Thus, beneficial ramifications of both N6 and N7
apparently can be seen.

Within the realm of N8, T3 might increase the consequences of N9. Moreover, fundamental aspects of N10 relate to
this reality that the demerits of N11 pertain to N12. As a tangible example, some scientific research undertaken by a
prestigious university has asserted that the downside of N13 is correlated negatively with N14. Hence, it is correct
to presume the preconceived notion of N15.

To conclude, while there are several compelling arguments on both sides, I profoundly believe that the benefits of
T4 far outweigh its drawbacks. Not only do the advantages of N16 prove the significance of N17, but also pinpoint
N18 implications.

==============================================================================
1.Dangerous activities like extreme skiing, bungee jumping etc. and whether you support them or not.
Ø Extremely Popular - Mul -billion dollar global industry - Skydiving, Bungee Jumping, scuba diving, bull figh ng
Ø Risky Pursuits - Involves high speed, high al tude, and high degree of physical exer on
Ø Extreme injuries – B/w 2000 & 2011, 4 million injuries reported
Ø Help in boos ng self-confidence, independent behaviors, and physical stamina. Stress busters. overcoming phobias, gives courage to face hurdles of
life, experience thrill & adrenaline rush.
Ø Helpful in achieving name and fame in the world. Many names recorded in Guinness world book of record
Ø contribute to the economy, create an influx of interna onal currency
Ø very risky and dangerous, risk of life and permanent disabili es
Ø equipment needed for these sports are very expensive
Ø Youngsters could not concentrate on studies, not able to get lucra ve jobs
Ø Require proper guidance, supervision and be er equipment
Ø government should provide adequate knowledge, safety measures - life is a precious gi of God
Ø Only licensed companies allowed to operate in this field
2.Climate change /global warming/ Environment pollution. Roles that Government, Corporate, and Individuals can play to improve it.
Ø Carbon-dioxide (co2) emission everyday – By companies and consumers
Ø Temperature is increasing, mel ng polar ice and rising sea level
Ø Carbon dioxide traps heat from sun causing greenhouse effect. Depletes ozone layer.
Ø Every person is equally responsible as government. Work together to develop pollu on free society for next genera on.
Ø Impose stringent laws on factories and public, ‘green taxes’ on drivers and airline companies
Ø Expand renewable energy sources. Inven ng technology which does not cause pollu on. Japan uses solar, wind or water power.
Ø People can prefer public transporta on (buses, trains) rather than using their own private vehicle. Save our fossil fuel. Live organic lifestyle
Ø Stop use of plas c bags prefer paper bags. Companies should produce recyclable and eco-friendly products
Ø Governments should establish climate change guidelines, educa onal programs for awareness, Reduce deforesta on. Wildlife protec on. Clean
system.

3.Do you think that place where person grew has an influence on his accomplishments? Explain with example. Region affects successful people?
In favor
Ø Na ve region provides àconducive (Contribu ng) environment, opportuni es to learn, access to mul ple resources and facili es.
Ø A favorable environment in childhood helps to explore passion and area of interest.
Ø To illustrate, Thomas Edison, Bill Gates, Dhirubhai Ambani nurtured with a helpful environment. Brazil and Argen na has produced many legendary
footballers.
Ø quali es such as language development, leadership, Behavior and social skills learn from surroundings
Ø good guidance from family and school teachers - easily accomplish goals
Against
Ø Success depends on à a tude, determina on, dedica on and will power, never give up a tude, interpersonal skills.
Ø Strong determina on and focussed mind can overcome problems. Amitabh Bachhan, rejected in first audi on, proved himself because of strong
willpower. Many people in society who took birth in very poor family but because of their hard work they able to change their situa on and become rich
Ø As they say “Where there is a will there is a way”.

4.Nowadays TV has become an essential part of life. Medium to spread news & awareness and for some it acts like a companion. What is your
opinion?
In favor
Ø Essen al part of life, important inven ons of the human’s history
Ø Unlimited source of entertainment, news, knowledge and adver sements
Ø Channels like History, Discovery, Na onal Geographic shows things that you are not even aware of. Content involving nature, science, culture, and
history. Cogni ve learning programs.
Ø Keep you updated with current happenings and events from around the globe.
Ø weather report and poli cs
Ø Good for house wives, old people
Against
Ø Spend produc ve me, gazing at the screen. Harmful to eye.
Ø Children watch ac on serials or movies, imitate things, and lose control. Increase in juvenile crime
Ø Causing Heart diseases, cancer, diabetes, flu/pneumonia, Parkinson’s disease and liver disease
Ø Great me waster. Students waste their me, poor academic results. No me for hobbies, physical ac vi es, sports got ignored. Makes lazy.
Ø Addicted people skip meals, sleep, and even work.
Ø Makes An social affec ng rela onship between family members & future career.

5.Company Top level Authorities should or should not take employees suggestions or ideas to take any decisions. Discuss.
In favor
Ø Innova ons and new ideas crucial to sustain compe on
Ø People with domain knowledge know the ins and outs of the processes more deeply than others
Ø Involving employees also saves money and me.
Ø not to depend on external experts or outsourcing for decision making
Ø posi ve a tude and inspira on to employees to work be er, increasing overall produc vity & employee reten on for longer period
Against
Ø Employees may give advice for personal benefit, harmful to the company.
Ø Many advices would only lead to chaos
Ø Final decision by higher authority only (weather good or bad to the company).

6.Successful sports stars and glamorous film stars are a role model for youngsters. Do u support it or not? (Agree/Disagree)
In favor
Ø Sports personali es - ac vely par cipa ng in social ac vi es like helping poor children - mo va on to young genera on
Ø Famous film stars deliver meaningful movies showing crea vity - helps children to think like them. The Hollywood star, Angelina Jolie can be a perfec
example. She is a great spokeswoman and can lead children in the right direc on
Against
Ø Youngsters inspired from nega ve roles and imita ng same act at home/streets – bad impact on society
Ø Celebri es o en promotes smoking & alcohol products through adver sements – youngster follow
Ø Charged with drugs and other criminal ac vi es. For eg. Sanjay Du
Ø Violence and crime in movies imitated for thrill and adventure by adolescents - destruc on of ethical values of society.
Ø Many athletes have no moral values – Play for money & fame only. Should not worship them as hero.
Ø Athletes are involved in scandals, be ng and fixing.
Ø Lance Armstrong, 7 mes winner of Tour de France found guilty for using drugs
Ø It is recommended to teach youth to follow virtuous characters.

7.In the education system, assessment through written formal examinations is valid or not.
In favor
Ø Benefits of formal examina on - equal opportunity to show caliber
Ø Same amount of me to give an exam; filters bright students from average children.
Ø Exams conducted in educa onal ins tute in presence of invigilator. Real test of grasping power & memory of student
Against
Ø Con nual assessment good for slow learners who can’t perform in me constrained exam.
Ø Some argue that formal examina on system only tests the memory of student not skills and exper se.
Ø Formal exam depends on conducive environment, health & mood of children
Ø Single examina on may not cover scope subject completely especially in broad subjects such as medicine and law.
Ø Assessment style is vulnerable to chea ng, fraud and human error
Ø Exams get rescheduled because of paper leak.
Ø Many students' send their papers to re-check and bribe the examiners
Ø Most students do not work on home work and projects, take help from different sources (parents, copy from others) to finish assignments

8.Large shopping malls are replacing small shops. What is your opinion about this? Discuss with appropriate examples.
In favor
Ø Shopping malls are collec on of small retailers at one place with all facili es such as restaurants, entertainments
Ø Shopping malls are easy to access ,huge free or minimal fee parking, me saving
Ø monitored by security guards, hence visitors feel comfortable when they walk around the malls
Ø Variety of products to choose from
Ø For example, Wes ield is a very popular shopping mall in Australia, which convey all these facili es at minimal effort and price as compared other
shops
Ø Shopping malls are becoming very popular as mee ng place for innumerable reasons, located near to the centre of city
Ø Having huge discount sales every end of the month, which a ract many customers those are going to local market and paying high price for the same
item.
Ø 100% original products as buy items directly from companies, no middleman.
Against
Ø Sales of small shops are going down. Many shops owners close business or reduce number of employees.
Ø Due to fascina ng discount people end up purchasing more than they actually need

9.Some people think that technology improves the quality of life whereas others feel that creates new problems that threaten the quality of life.
Discuss both these views and suggest your opinion?
or
Talk about the pros/ cons of this era as is full of daily inventions.

In favor
Ø Made our life very comfortable
Ø Computers - efficient and easy to use, save me and effort
Ø Electronic communica on - VOIP technology face-to-face conversa on
Ø Students’ studies - recorded video tutorials , lot of study material
Ø medical discoveries – advanced research - many diseases curable- saves life- increase life expectancy
Ø Advanced farming tools - Reduced workloads – increased produc vity
Ø Android and smartphones
Ø Facebook, twi er, whatsapp – makes social
Ø Storing pictures – photography
Ø LED light saves electricity, Flat TV saves space

Against
Ø Inven ons of nuclear weapons dangerous for existence of all life forms on Earth
Ø Increase in motor vehicles causes pollu on, global warming
Ø More machinery, less human labor, unemployment
Ø Dependence on machinery - laziness, lifestyle diseases.

10.Any new technological development in the recent years is a boon or curse for the society in general.
or
In the past 100 years, there have been many inventions such as antibiotics, airplanes and computers. What do you think is the most important of
them? Why? Greatest invention in the last 100 years, medicine, science or technology?

In favor
Ø Computers - Made our life very comfortable
Ø Most revolu onary inven on for development of human beings.
Ø Pivotal role in communica on, calcula on, naviga on and automobile industry.
Ø efficient and easy to use, save me and effort
Ø Electronic communica on - VOIP technology face-to-face conversa on
Ø Students’ studies - recorded video tutorials , lot of study material
Ø Stores informa on, no need to rewrite whole paper because of any mistake.

Against
Ø Life has become more complicated. Overuse of computer causes strain on eyes, poor eyesight, causes several diseases
Ø Recent research, 40% American children have obesity - spend average 4 hours per day in front of computer
Ø Children addicted to computer games - becoming more introvert.

11.It is argued that getting married before finishing school or getting a job is not a good choice. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
In favor
Ø professional life & married life both have pivotal role in life, no synchroniza on between two, no peace
Ø In developed countries, mostly parents force children to live separately.
Ø Youngsters get married earlier, get partner for help
Ø Girls have restric ons in parents house. when married get more freedom with husband & enjoy life more

Against
Ø many disadvantages if married before 30 years.
Ø Financial prob - more responsibili es toward family, earn less can’t manage expenses, poor living quality, frustra on & depression.
Ø no enough me for study. Girls leave study. No me to improve professional skills
Ø women sacrifice professional life for caring children
Ø marrying at early age also increases popula on.
Ø India's 2014 popula on sta s cs – people married early have greater number of children as compared to who married late
Ø maturity level low in youngsters, not mentally and emo onally fit, chances of divorce increases.
Ø premature delivery , s ll births , death of young mothers during delivery and anaemic mother and child.

12.Information revolution has changed the way of mass communications and had some negative and positive effects on individual lives as well as
on society. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
or
Communication has changed significantly in the last 10 years. Discuss pros and cons impacts.

In favor
Ø Informa on technology has brought world closer together
Ø technology dras cally changed way of mass communica on. with smartphones, can communicate with anyone around the globe by simply sending
text message or email.
Ø face-to-face communica on with video conferencing
Ø GPS tracking system to get home safely even at midnight.
Ø online coaching si ng at home. save travelling me.

Against
Ø decreased privacy of individuals- email hacking, banking frauds, private informa on stolen and misused
Ø domina ng English language culture, regional languages losing importance.
Ø job redundancies, downsizing, and outsourcing. Unemployment

13.Marketing strategy for big companies should be placed on offer and discounts, and in what ways this can impact on their reputation.
In favor
Ø shopping culture changed from last one decade, company offer lucra ve deals to gravitate more customers
Ø offering discounts increases the customer base
Ø more shopping during sale, discounts encourage people to spend more
Ø offering discounts help business to meet sales figures
Ø discoun ng items free up room in stores, clearing last season's stock, or out-dated models, new items come on store shelves.

Against
Ø profit margin decline as goods sold at reduced prices.
Ø giving discounts encourage customer to ask for it all the me and if the marketer does not give a best deal, they may get discouraged and look at oth
places
Ø Hurt/impact organiza on’s business in long run.
Ø If company is giving discounts frequently it shows that it has a lack of confidence on its products and customer may think that product is not
trustworthiness.
Ø many companies give buy one and get one free, but reduce quality simultaneously. A er u lizing these goods, people feel defeated and stop to use
them permanently.

14.Some people believe law changes human behaviour. Do you agree/disagree?

In favor
Ø Laws have vital role in society. makes our lives comfortable.
Ø laid by government and required to keep society and country in an order and harmony
Ø smooth func oning of na on by governing behavior of people
Ø For instance, traffic lights helps people to travel easily without crea ng any chaos.
Ø laws help in preven ng criminal ac vi es in human community.
Ø law bonds/encourage ci zens of country to act in certain ways.
Ø For example, a person cannot murder someone because of criminal act 190, in which he has to face death sentence
Ø imposing laws creates a sense of fear among people of ge ng punished
Ø human nature and behavior are inborn quali es, cannot be changed at any stage of life span, but can be controlled
Ø enforcing laws can place limits on behavior of people, never can change immutable human nature.

15.In underdeveloped countries, tourism has disadvantages and can be said the opposite as well.
In favor
Ø Increase in revenue for various industries - hotels, transport, restaurants, and entertainment, Airlines(low fair)
Ø increase in number of jobs for people who lack a college educa on
Ø helps to understand foreign culture. many tourists go to India and live there for many years and get first-hand experience of its culture.
Ø tourism is "Green Industry” and generates low level of pollu on.
Ø development of infrastructure and services
Ø increasing the popularity of country, improve country’s image interna onally. Australia
Ø more flow of money. great example set by the Nepal- 80% economy is depending upon tourism industry.
Ø India have tag line “Incredible India”.

Against
Ø loss of tradi onal culture. youngsters in Third World na ons copy lifestyle, customs, and language of tourists
Ø government doing deforesta on & building a rac ve places, carbon contents increasing and causing health problems
Ø countries spent major budget to a ract tourist, could be used in other problems like in research, poverty
Ø Carry expensive objects like cameras, bags etc.– Target for thieves – crime rate increases
Ø increase in drug consump on and pros tu on

16.Illiterate of the future would not be one who does not know to read, but people who do not know how to learn
Ø With rapid technological changes, adapt new skills and dump obsolete
Ø to stay relevant to constantly changing environment need to know how to learn, unlearn and relearn.
Ø innova ve inven ons is changing the way we do things. For an instance, computer's Opera ng System’s started with DOS and recently an upgraded
version -Windows 10 has been released. It was mandatory for an individual to unlearn DOS and learn and relearn the upgraded versions
Ø The latest innova on in telecom sector - smartphones with advanced cameras and mul -tasking features lured people to buy it and imposed them to
learn and relearn the new features of the new phones.
Ø Technology is evolving rapidly in many industries and reducing labour work. For instance, in manufacturing and agriculture business, labour work is
almost obsoleted and replaced by robots and ar ficial intelligence.
Ø learning also improves person’s crea vity and imagina on.
Ø Example of Nokia failure with Android

17.Do you think the consumer should avoid over packed products or it is the responsibility of the producer to avoid extra packaging of products?
Give your views or any relevant example with your own experience.
In Favor
Ø It helps them increase the durability, safety and freshness of products.
Ø shelf life of products increase significantly when they are packed in several layers aluminium foil and superior plas c
Ø prevent an item from microbes and other dust par cles while transi ng the products
Ø a rac ve packaging could be a significant factor for selling
Against
Ø cost of the material use to pack an item is actually added to the product
Ø pills and tablets are found to be packed in much bigger and colorful strips than needed which eventually increases the drug cost
Ø non-disposable wrappers like plas c which are harmful for our environmental
Ø small amount of real products are o en presented in a large container or packet and the customers are being deceived(cheat) by the packet size
Ø chemical used for packing can be at bad ailment for health.

18.Parents should be held legally responsible for their children’s acts. What is your opinion? Support it with personal examples.
No
Ø violence by juveniles has increased in recent years at an alarming rate in our society
Ø decision to commit the crime is en rely made by the children
Ø many parents who have done best part in the upbringing of their children yet, their offspring s ll succeed in commi ng crime
Ø mass media is playing crucial role in making adolescents aggressive.
Ø violent games and movies that are being released in the market. This makes a child’s more violent
Ø Blue Whale game
Yes
Ø parents are the first people that a child gets to know a er he or she is born. It is believed that parents start shaping the child’s moral compass and
character
Ø Being a parent comes to a great sense of responsibili es towards the child. It is the duty of every parent to discipline their children. Parents are their
children’s first mentor, role model or teacher so in my view, should be held legally responsible for their children’s acts
Ø Parents should be aware of their children acts or ac ons. It is quite o en that a child can cause harm to someone whether inten onally or
uninten onally, in that case, it should be the responsibility of parent towards the other person. Even if the harm is accidental, the consequences can var
from minor to serious. It costs a he y amount to the vic m like in property damage or the cases. If the child is minor or is not financially supported, th
parents are to be held liable to pay for their child’s act.
Ø For instance, according to 2013 sta s cs, in America, most offense were made by juvenile belongs to a criminal family. they were violently abused by
their parents when they were young.

19.Nowadays, people spend too much time at work, to the extent that, they hardly have time for their personal life. Discuss.
Or Work life balance ?

Ø jobs are becoming slavemasters.

Ø People spending huge part of their day in their offices to meet the cut-throat compe on and neglec ng their personal and family life
Ø over me work - due to globaliza on, employees are facing compe on
Ø companies are crea ng project deadlines too small for profit which eventually pressurize employees
Ø long working hours could affect person’s health and personal rela ons
Ø who sit in front of computers for longer than 11 hours daily decreases and causes memory related problems.
Ø children are deprived of the a en on they deserve from their parents
Ø proper work-life balance is essen al to lead a contented life
Ø companies arrange their working hours in such a way that employees also get some me for themselves.

20.Learning a new language at an early age is helpful for children. Is it more positive for their future aspect or have some adverse effects? Do u
agree or disagree? Give examples from your experience.
In favor
Ø globalized world, studying a foreign language is very helpful to communicate with other na on’s people
Ø to succeed in the highly compe ve world, a person must be bilingual or mul lingual.
Ø learning a foreign language is helpful for the growth of a child’s brain.
Ø ac vates various parts of the brain, which eventually make a child intelligent.
Ø can easily communicate with foreign Land people understand their culture and lifestyle
Ø help a child to express things more clearly as they have a wider range of vocabulary
Against
Ø increases the burden of a primary school students, due to which, they will not able to understand important subjects such as Science and
Mathema cs,
Ø children may get confused because of learning many languages at the same me and this could have a nega ve impact on their personality
development.
Ø bilingual children develop the ability to talk more slowly than monolingual kids.

21.Education is the biggest barrier to my learning – Einstein. What do you mean by this? And do you think Einstein was correct in saying that?
Agree
Ø In the tradi onal educa on system, the content of syllabus was very confined and related to only religion, philosophy, metaphysics and scriptural
subjects
Ø This is the reason why Einstein considered educa on to be the biggest barrier to his learning
Ø Educa on in schools is demolishing crea vity and thus pu ng a barrier in learning.
Ø Educa on system teaches every student the same way and taking away the excep onal quali es of some children
Ø We have lost our capacity for crea on because our educa on system doesn’t s mulate innova on and crea vity.
Ø According to Einstein, students who learn through a formally designed educa on system are restricted to their thought process and they not able to
think out of box
Ø rigid rules like age of admission, content and dura on of course which are designed by government
Disagree
Ø schooling is very important for children as it helps to enhance their mentality and crea vity.
Ø the internet provides a vast informa on
Ø Contemporary world educa on is aided with a variety of technology
Ø adequate educa on helps a person to get a lucra ve job.

22.Value added by travel in Education. Is travel a necessary component of education or not? Will scholar sitting at home have more knowledge?
In favor
Ø Visi ng new places help in broadening scholars mentality , understand things more prac cally
Ø reading books or theore cal lectures deliver half knowledge to students, but travelling clears their doubt
Ø help understand things radically and fundamentally
Ø students are taught in their classrooms about hills, valleys, lakes, and animals, but travelling provide them vivid picture of these subjects

Against
Ø with the advent of informa on technology, scholars can visit any place in frac on of second virtually
Ø save their precious me and efforts
Ø Google maps, an online website has three dimensional pictures of various places
Ø videos of different places are also available on the internet and scholars can get a feeling that they are actually present there

23.Travel to study is over rated, we have brilliant scholars who studied locally. Is travel really required for higher studies? (foreign study)
In Favor
Ø The quality of educa on in foreign countries is excellent.
Ø ins tu ons offer a wide range of subjects that are not available in Third World na ons.
Ø studying in these reputed ins tu ons almost guarantees a job for the students when they complete their studies.
Ø foreign countries also gives a chance to study and understand different cultures increase mental horizon
Ø acquiring globally recognised qualifica on opens many job opportuni es for the student in almost every corner of the world
Ø millions of students every year from developing na ons like China and India come to USA for study in their interested field for which there is no prop
course available in their home country.
Ø Canada and Australia have mul cultural socie es created by different groups traveled from different countries and all are living peacefully

Against
Ø Foreign educa on costly, exhaus ng savings or take loans to support their children to go abroad
Ø some students cannot resist the new environment, due to this, they either have to quit their studies or come back to their respec ve countries
Ø some students may lose their focus from their studies and start gravita ng towards earning more money, which eventually distract them complete
their studies.

24.The space travel is fantastic these day and they are very fascinate towards its but there are many environmental problems in our planet we
should resolve the problems or travel space and spend a lot of money.
or
Discuss both sides of Space travel vs. Current crucial problems faced by human?

In Favor
Ø many countries spend billions of dollars for space research
Ø space research brings knowledge, discoveries and improvements
Ø It helped tremendously in weather forecas ng, educa on and security of the country
Ø find the possibility of extra-terrestrial species and natural resources in other planets
Ø NASA has found the evidence of water in Mars

Against
Ø some countries are s ll facing crucial problems like overpopula on, lack of food, clean water and electricity.
Ø Instead of spending more money in space travel, the developed countries should think morally and ethically to help under developed countries
Ø African countries are suffering from Ebola virus infec on, drought and terrorism and lot of innocent people are dying every year
Ø over spending of tax payers’ money to space travel will not improve the quality of human life.
Ø For example, in Africa in a year 2010, around 45% of children death only occurred due to malnutri on.
Ø governments should spend their budget to support people of Third World na ons

25.“In a war of ideas, it is people who get killed”. Does a common man suffer from a group’s ideology? Express your opinion, and support the
same with reasons and examples.
Ø throughout history,the thinking of a group of people is impac ng the lives of thousands of civilians
Ø poli cal or social level, a set of decisions of a group explains how a society should work
Ø in the conflict of interest between different countries or different groups, it is the innocent people who sacrifice their lives.
Ø during World War II, a group of countries namely US, UK and China a acked Japan with explosive atomic bombs destroying the ci es of Hiroshima an
Nagasaki, killing more than one lakh civilians. This is a clear example of the decision laid by a few countries against Japan to surrender to its allies. Thoug
these countries achieved victory in their mission but Japanese people are s ll suffering from the radioac ve radia on effect which resulted in blindness
and mental disorders. Thus, we can say that poli cal ideologies(a system of ideas and ideals) of a group can dras cally harm society
Ø September 11 a acks on US by a group of 19 militants, associated with Islamic extremist group, hijacked four airplanes and killed around 3,000 peop
by colliding airplanes into symbolic US landmark. This example clearly shows how the decision and planning of these terrorist ac vists took lives of
thousands of innocent people.

26.Do you think English will remain to be a global language despite globalization?
Ø In today’s era, English is the most prevalent language around the world
Ø English is becoming a common language in every part of the world
Ø Despite having many languages around the world, it remains official language in almost 100 countries.
Ø Three quarters of the world’s overall popula on are English speakers.
Ø in today’s interna onal business market, English plays a pivotal role to make the business links with other interna onal companies. a company prefer
to hire an employee who has a good skill in English.
Ø significant role in technology. most of the scien st prefer to write their research papers in English.
Ø computer languages like C, C++, Java, and C# are first wri en in English language only
Ø helps students in making their successful academic career
Ø Students who have a knowledge of this language can access informa on from internet, magazines, and books which eventually help them to increase
their mentality .
Ø social networking is increasing at alarming rate, people who know English language can easily communicate with human beings of foreign land

27.Some people think placing advertisements in schools is a great resource for public schools that need additional funding, but others think it
exploits children by treating them as a captive audience for corporate sponsors. Choose which position you most agree with and discuss why you
chose that position. Support your point of view with details from your own experiences, observations or reading.

In Favor
Ø adver sements are good source of funding for the public schools who always find themselves hard to manage their financial cash flow
Ø adver sements targeted to kids such as toothpaste and shower gel are helpful to bring awareness to children.
Ø For instance, children may enlighten about the importance of hygiene and keep precau ons in their mind before ea ng something

Against
Ø placing adver sements in schools will distract juveniles who do not have controlling power on themselves
Ø School children might less concentrate on their studies and more focus on colourful adver sements
Ø teens are vulnerable and persuade the parents into buying what they are seeing, so, companies are targe ng teens and younger ages to build brand
recogni on. Schools should not be selling children as a captive audience for corporate sponsors.
Ø Junk food adver sements influence children to eat bad foods. placing such ads in school premises is morally wrong

28.Positive and negative effects of the information revolution through mass media.
In Favor
Ø Earlier the newspapers were the only source of mass communica on media, but now the mass communica on is equipped with the latest technolog
and innova ons of computer Internet
Ø The poli cians are using mass communica on media for their elec on campaigns and make the people in their favor to caste vote
Ø Products adver sements are being done for business promo ons to a ract consumers toward their product.
Ø charity promo ons to help someone for medical treatment
Ø Through mass media technologies, anyone can upload his/her own informa on and ideas to a vast audience.
Ø Any piece of informa on or news from around the world can be accessed in a click.
Ø Personal opinions expressed on social networking sites like YouTube, Twi er, Facebook or blogs reaches the global audience
Ø Public opinion through mass media like TV, newspaper, radio or social sites also have a great impact on world poli cs
Aginst
Ø cause damage to the society. For instance: cyber crime has increased tremendously from recent years.
Ø Criminals and Extremists also have greater access to informa on through mass media. With the help of satellite images, they plan terrorist a acks an
target people or facili es, as well as influence and radicalize vulnerable people
Ø Anyone’s home addresses, cell phone numbers or loca on are readily available on the internet which can be used to carry out bank accounts hacking
or illegal access to government data files

29.You are given climate as the field of study. Which area will you prefer? Explain why you picked up the particular area for your study?

Ø All over the world today, it can be observed that the issue of climate change has grown in importance over the past few decades. Therefore, if I were
given climate as my field of study, I would like to study the underlying causes of this devasta ng global phenomenon and possible solu ons to tackle this
Ø To begin with, a variety of reasons can be offered to explain why I would choose this par cular area of study. Foremost among these is the fact that w
have been experiencing the ho est 15 years on record in the last two decades. Linked to this is the fact that millions are at risk of drought, chronic wate
shortages, bushfire, coastal flooding and hazardous air pollu on. As the above-men oned points make it clear, it can hardly be denied that the issues of
climate change must be addressed with a sense of urgency.
Ø But what really is the proper role for individuals and ins tu ons in addressing climate change? An immediate and natural response may be that
everyone should do their part. As individuals, we can help by taking ac on to reduce our personal carbon emissions. But to fully address the threat of
global warming, we must demand ac on from our elected leaders to support and implement a comprehensive set of climate solu ons such as
transforming our energy system to a cleaner one, placing limits on the amount of carbon that polluters are allowed to emit, reducing tropical
deforesta on and its associated global warming emissions.
Ø In conclusion, It is my considered opinion that if we were to put in place some of the solu ons men oned, we would at least be on our way to solving
this problem. Therefore, I would like to play my part to contribute to the solu on of climate change.