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Objective:-: This Lab Is Only About IIR Filters. IIR (Infinite Impulse Response), in Signal Processing, A Filter Is

This document discusses IIR filters and summarizes different types. It introduces IIR filters as having an infinite impulse response where output values depend on previous output and input values. It describes Butterworth filters as having a maximally flat frequency response and Chebyshev filters as having a steeper roll-off than Butterworth filters. The document provides MATLAB code to design lowpass Butterworth and bandstop Chebyshev type 1 filters, and analyzes their frequency responses. It concludes with discussing the implementation of IIR filters in MATLAB.

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MuhammadAxadKhataabGujjar
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79 views8 pages

Objective:-: This Lab Is Only About IIR Filters. IIR (Infinite Impulse Response), in Signal Processing, A Filter Is

This document discusses IIR filters and summarizes different types. It introduces IIR filters as having an infinite impulse response where output values depend on previous output and input values. It describes Butterworth filters as having a maximally flat frequency response and Chebyshev filters as having a steeper roll-off than Butterworth filters. The document provides MATLAB code to design lowpass Butterworth and bandstop Chebyshev type 1 filters, and analyzes their frequency responses. It concludes with discussing the implementation of IIR filters in MATLAB.

Uploaded by

MuhammadAxadKhataabGujjar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OBJECTIVE:-

This lab is only about IIR Filters. IIR( infinite impulse response), In signal processing, a filter is
a device or process that removes some unwanted components or features from a signal. In this lab we will
study some common type of digital IIR Filters which are butterworth and chebyshev type1.

Introduction:
The impulse response or the frequency response classify digital filters. The impulse response is the
response of a filter to an input impulse: x[0]=1 and x[i]=0 for all i≠0. The Fourier transformation of the
impulse response is the filter frequency response which describes the gain of the filter for different
frequencies.

if the impulse response exists indefinitely, it is an IIR (Infinite Impulse Response) filter. How the output
values are calculated determines whether the impulse response of a digital filter falls to zero after a finite
period of time, whereas for IIR filters the output values also depend on the previous output values.

The output values of IIR filters are calculated by adding the weighted sum of previous and current input
values to the weighted sum of previous output values. If the input values are xi and the output values yi,
the difference equation defines the IIR filter:

The number of forward coefficients Nx and the number of reverse coefficients Ny is usually equal and is
the filter order. The higher the filter order, the more the filter resembles an ideal filter. This is illustrated
in the following figure of a frequency response of lowpass Butterworth filters with different orders. The
steeper the filter gain falls, the higher the filter order is.
Butterworth filter
The Butterworth filter is a type of signal processing filter designed to have as flat a frequency
response as possible in the passband. It is also referred to as a maximally flat magnitude filter.

Chebyshev filters
Chebyshev filters are analog or digital filters having a steeper roll-off and more passband ripple
(type I) or stopband ripple (type II) than Butterworth filters. ... This type of filter is named after
Pafnuty Chebyshevbecause its mathematical characteristics are derived
from Chebyshev polynomials.

Equations (commands):-
 [n,wn]=buttord(w1,w2,rp,rs)
 [b,a]=butter(n,wn)
 [z,p,k]=butter(n,wn)
 [h,om]=freqs(b,a,w)
 [n,wn]=cheb1ord(w1,w2,rp,rs)
 [b,a]=cheby1(n,rp,wn)
 [h,om]=freqz(b,a,w)
 [n,wn]=buttord(omp,oms,alphap,alphas)
 [b,a]=butter(n,wn,’high’)
 [h,om]=freqz(b,a,w)
 [n,wn]=buttord(omp,oms,alphap,alphas)
 [b,a]=butter(n,wn,’high’)
ACTIVITY

Task 1:-Run the Matlab code described in section 2.1?


Task 2:-Run the Matlab code described in section 3.1?
Task 3:-Write the MATLAB code for Butterworth digital high pass filter?
Task 4:-Write the MATLAB code for chebyshev type-1 digital band stop
filter?
Flow Chart
Start

Input
rp,rs,wp,ws,fs

w1=2*wp/fs & w2=2*ws/fs

[n,wn]=buttord(w1,w2,rp,rs)

[b,a]=butter(n,wn)

[h,om]=freqs(b,a,w)
Stem both the signal

END
Flow Chart
Start

Input
rp,rs,wp,ws,fs

w1=2*wp/fs & w2=2*ws/fs


[n,wn]=cheb1ord(w1,w2,rp,
rs)
[b,a]=cheby1(n,rp,wn)
[h,om]=freqz(b,a,w)
Stem both the signal

END

Conclusion:
This lab was about implementation of infinite impulse response filters. IIR filters are digital
filters with infinite impulse response. Unlike FIR filters, they have the feedback and are known
as recursive digital filters. We learned and analysed the digital filter which are butterworth low
pass and high pass. And chebyshev type 1 band stop and band pass filters. We run their matlab
codes and analysed the output result

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