Question 1

a. Your hormone decreases

Question 2
Anchor sites for muscles and production of blood cells are some of the functions of our:
a. Bones CorrectMuscles are attached to the bones and RBCs are made in the red marrow of flat and
long bones.
b. Ligaments
c. Cartilage
d. Skin
The correct answer is: Bones

Question 3
Lichen has no specific taxonomic group due to:
a. Lichens are among the most widely distributed of living things.
b. Lichen mutualism is unique in the plant world.
c. The fungi of lichens are not found alone.
d. The fungi characteristics for classification are the same as those of the algae. CorrectLichens, which
are composed of alga and fungi, have mutualistic relationship; that is, they cannot live without the
other. Lichens have characteristics similar to kingdom protest and kingdom fungi.
The correct answer is: The fungi characteristics for classification are the same as those of the algae.

Question 4
Which among the following is a first – order consumer?
a. Herbivores CorrectHerbivores are animals that feed on plants. They are first – order consumers
because they feed on the producers of food.
b. Carnivores
c. Insectivores
d. Omnivores
The correct answer is: Herbivores

Question 5
What makes meiosis different from mitosis?
a. Meiosis occurs in somatic cells, while mitosis occurs in sex cells.
b. Meiosis produces identical daughter cells, but mitosis produces daughter cells that are genetically
different.
c. Meiosis produces four daughter cells, while mitosis produces only two daughter cells. CorrectMeiosis
produces four daughter cells each with half the original chromosome number. Meiosis occurs only in sex
cells, producing sperm and eggs, and since the chromosome number is half the parent cell, these cells
are genetically different from the original parent cell.
d. The chromosome number remains the same in meiosis, but is halved during mitosis.
The correct answer is: Meiosis produces four daughter cells, while mitosis produces only two daughter
cells.

Question 6
This relationship best describes a protozoan which causes malaria in a human host:
Select one:
a. Predation
b. Mutualism
c. Commensalism
d. Parasitism CorrectParasitism is a symbiotic association of to kinds of organisms in which the parasite
is benefited while the host is usually harmed.
The correct answer is: Parasitism

Question 7
The breathing rate is increased by an increase in the content of:
Select one:
a. Nitrogen
b. Oxygen
c. Water vapor
d. Carbon dioxide CorrectAn increased in the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood stimulates the cells
of the medulla to send impulses to the diaphragm and the rib muscles, causing them to contract and
expand more rapidly. The breathing rate then increases.
The correct answer is: Carbon dioxide

Question 8
Where is the site of majority of photosynthesis in a leaf?
a. Palisade layer CorrectThe palisade layer has cells that are packed together and serves for most
photosynthesis. The spongy layer is a site for gas exchange. The cuticle and the epidermis are for
protection.
b. Cuticle
c. Epidermis
d. Spongy layer
The correct answer is: Palisade layer

Question 9
Vultures may kill animals for food or feed on the remains of animals killed by other animals. Therefore,
vultures may be described as:
Select one:
a. Scavengers and predators CorrectA scavenger is an animal that eats refuse and decaying organic
matter while a predator is an animal that captures and feeds upon other animals. A herbivore is an
animal that feeds chiefly on grass or other plants while a parasite is a plant or an animal that lives on or
in an organism of another species from which it derives sustenance or protection without benefit to and
usually with harmful effects on the host.
b. Scavengers and parasites
c. Predators and omnivores
d. Predators and herbivores
The correct answer is: Scavengers and predators

Question 10
All of the following statements are true about water, except:
Select one:
a. It can dissolve most substances
b. It transports substances in the body
c. It hardly changes its temperature even when it absorbs heat CorrectWhen water absorbs heat, the
temperature changes and it becomes higher until it reaches its boiling point where, even of the heat
increases, the temperature stays stable. On the other hand, when the temperature lowers, the water
starts to cool so that the temperature changes and becomes lower, too, until it reaches its freezing point
where the temperature remains constant again.
d. It is a medium for chemical reaction
The correct answer is: It hardly changes its temperature even when it absorbs heat

Question 11
Among the different blood vessels, which receives the highest oxygen concentration?
Select one:
a. Aorta
b. Pulmonary vein CorrectPulmonary vein has blood which comes from the lungs. In other instances, in
the body, arteries usually carry blood with more oxygen than the blood in the veins. This is not true in
the specific instances of (1) the pulmonary artery, carrying oxygen poor blood to the lungs and (2) the
pulmonary vein, returning oxygen-rich blood to the heart from the lungs. The only consistent rule is
arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins return blood to the heart.
c. Renal vein
d. Pulmonary artery
Feedback
The correct answer is: Pulmonary vein

Question 12
Which of the following instruments can be utilized for culturing microorganisms?
Select one:
a. Scalpel
b. Microscope
c. Petri dish CorrectA petri dish is a very shallow, cylindrical, transparent glass or plastic dish with an
overlapping cover, used for the culture of microorganisms. A scalpel is small, light, straight knife with a
very sharp blade, used by surgeons and in anatomical dissections. Forceps are tongs or pincers for
grasping, compressing and pulling used especially by surgeons and dentists. A microscope is an
instrument consisting essentially of a lens or combination of lenses, for making very small objects, as
microorganisms, look larger so that they can be seen and studied.
d. Forceps
The correct answer is: Petri dish

Question 13
Arthropodes which has many legs are termed as:
Select one:
a. Icopoda
b. Myriapods
c. Diplopods CorrectDiplopoda have two pairs of legs per segment and they can have as many as 100
segments. Chilopoda have only a pair of legs per segment and can only be a few centimeters long.
d. Chilopoda
Feedback
The correct answer is: Diplopods

Question 14
An amoeba is attempting to engulf an escaping paramecium. Which structures are involved in the
activity?
a. Setae and pseudopods
b. Pseudopods and cilia CorrectPseudopods are the false feet of amoeba, cell projections that in this
case are flowing around the prey. The paramecium is using the cilia to escape. Tentacles are attributes
of multicellular organisms like squid while the setae are the epidermal protrusions in earthworms.
c. Tentacle and flagella
d. Tentacles and cilia
Feedback
The correct answer is: Pseudopods and cilia

Question 15
The digestive tube is composed of how many openings?
Select one:
a. Four
b. Six
c. Three
d. Two CorrectThe digestive process always starts in the mouth which is an opening for the digestive
tube. Digested food enters the blood stream fro absorption into the body while undigested food leaves
the small intestine and enters the colon, or the large intestine, for waste elimination from the body.
The correct answer is: Two

Question 16
A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment is known as:
Select one:
a. Environment
b. Habitat
c. Ecosystem CorrectEcosystem is a relatively self-contained, dynamic system composed of a natural
community along with its physical environment. The concept, first developed in the 1920s and 1930s,
takes into account the complex interactions between the organisms – plants, animals, bacteria and fungi
– that make up the community and the flows of energy and matter through it.
d. Niche
The correct answer is: Ecosystem

Question 17
Energy is obtained from food in the process of:
a. Respiration CorrectDuring respiration, the chemical-bond energy of food is released and stored in ATP
molecules. The breakdown of ATP into ADP occurs when a phosphate group is given off and energy is
released for the life activities of the cell.
b. Assimilation
c. Digestion
d. Storage
The correct answer is: Respiration

Question 18
Chloroplasts were seen in a specimen under the microscope. The specimen might be:
a. A hydrilla CorrectThe specimen with chloroplasts must be a plant, such as a hydrilla.
b. A paramecium
c. A cheek cell
d. A virus
The correct answer is: A hydrilla

Question 19
Ferns and flowering plants differ in what way?
a. Kind of chlorophyll present in them
b. Presence or absence of conducting tissues
c. Means of reproduction
d. Dominance of the sporophyte or gametophyte CorrectIn ferns and flowering plants, sporophyte
generation is most dominant. Matured fronds of ferns produce spores for reproduction. Gametophyte is
a separate plant in ferns while flowering plants are not. The gametophytes in seed-bearing plants are
very small and are inside the mature sporophyte plant. Another difference is that the male and female
gametophytes in flowering or seed-bearing plants develop from different types of spores, while those in
ferns develop from only one type of spore.
Feedback
The correct answer is: Dominance of the sporophyte or gametophyte

Question 20
Which of the following is considered as a natural ecosystem?
a. Aquarium
b. Terrarium
c. Coral reef CorrectA coral reef is a ridge or elevated part of a relatively shallow area of the seafloor,
approaching the sea’s surface. It is formed by a rocklike accumulation of calceous (calcium-containing)
exoskeletons of coral animals, calcareous red algae and mollusks.
d. Garbage
The correct answer is: Coral reef

Question 21
Jesse who is normal for color vision marries Jessa, a normal heterozygous woman. What is the chance of
their son being color blind?
a. 25%
b. 0%
c. 50% CorrectWhen XY and XX are crossed, the possible results are: X Y X XX XY Y XX XY Male:
50% normal; 50% color blind Female: 100% normal (50% heterozygous)
d. 75%
The correct answer is: 50%

Question 22
The Pyramid of energy is best described as:
Select one:
a. The top of the pyramid consists of the producers which are the supplier of most the most energy.
b. The base of the pyramid is composed of the highest consumers needing the most energy.
c. The base of the pyramid consists of producers which supply the most energy CorrectThe base consists
of the producers that supply the most energy. As one moves up the pyramid, energy is lost. Found at the
top are the highest consumers who have lost energy from the pyramid in the form of heat and
unavailable chemical energy.
d. The top of the pyramid is composed of the highest consumers who need the most energy.
Feedback
The correct answer is: The base of the pyramid consists of producers which supply the most energy

Question 23
A correct food chain is exemplified by which of the following?
a. Decomposers - Insects - Lizards - Snakes - Plants
b. Plants - Decomposers - Snakes - Lizards - Snakes
c. Plants - Insects - Lizards - Snakes - Decomposers CorrectPlants are the producers of food. The insects
who eat them are, in turn, eaten by lizards. Lizards are eaten by snakes. When snakes die, they are
broken down by decomposers and their constituent compounds are released so that they could be used
by other organisms.
d. Insects - Plants - Snakes - Lizards - Decomposers
The correct answer is: Plants - Insects - Lizards - Snakes - Decomposers

Question 24
They transmit proteins produced by the ribosomes of the cells:
Select one:
a. Endoplasmic reticulum
b. Cytosol
c. Mitochondria
d. Golgi apparatus CorrectRibosomes manufacture all kinds of cell proteins and the golgi apparatus or
complex that packages protein for storage or transport out of cells.
The correct answer is: Golgi apparatus

Question 25
Why do some marine fishes don’t survive in fresh water?
a. Fresh water has a low oxygen concentration
b. Fresh water has a lower temperature
c. Fresh water lacks suitable food for the marine fishes
d. Marine fishes cannot maintain homeostatic water balance CorrectHomeostasis refers to the ability of
an organism to maintain an internal stability by coordinated responses of its organ system that
automatically compensate for environmental changes. Marine fishes are adapted to a water
environment in which there is a relatively high concentration of salt. They are not able to survive in fresh
water because they cannot maintain homeostatic water balance.
The correct answer is: Marine fishes cannot maintain homeostatic water balance

Question 26
Which of the following is an example of a biotic factor that will determine which animals or plants
inhabit an environment?
a. The high daytime temperatures and low night time temperature
b. The amount of oxygen present in the water or a pond
c. The acidity of a lake near a factory
d. Berry plants growing in abundance at the edge of a forest CorrectThe only biotic or living factor
among the choices is berry plants. The others are abiotic. Factors affecting the ability of an organism to
inhabit an area. Birds and small mammals feeding on berries will most likely thrive in areas teeming with
berry plants.
The correct answer is: Berry plants growing in abundance at the edge of a forest
Question 27
To which phylum does an organism with a certain segment with a ventral nerve cord which is solid and
has a worm-like body shape and exoskeleton?
Select one:
a. Annelida
b. Chordata
c. Arthropoda CorrectArhtropods like the centipede and the millipede have these characteristics.
Chordates have a dorsal nerve tube and an endoskeleton. Annelids and nematodes do not show these
characteristics.
d. Nematoda
The correct answer is: Arthropoda

Question 28
All of the following animals are mammal, aside from:
Select one:
a. Giant whale
b. Seal
c. Shark CorrectThe shark is a fish, being a member of the class Pisces. All the others are members of the
class Mammalia – they are warm blooded and they give birth to their young.
d. Walrus
The correct answer is: Shark

Question 29
Some animals have the power to regain or restore their lost body part through the process:
a. Molting
b. Mutation
c. Autonomy
d. Regeneration CorrectRegeneration is having the power to restore or grow again the lost part of the
body. This is common to echinoderms, such as the starfish and brittle star.
The correct answer is: Autonomy

Question 30
Which of the following genes will most likely be inherited together?
Select one:
a. Genes located on different chromosomes
b. Independently assorted genes on different chromosomes
c. Segregated genes in different chromosomes
d. Genes located on the same chromosomes CorrectBy the principle of gene linkage, genes located on
the same chromosomes will most likely be inherited together.
The correct answer is: Genes located on the same chromosomes
Question 31
Reproduction is a must among plants and animals to continue survival. Which of the following is the
simplest method of reproduction?
Select one:
a. Conjugation
b. Fertilization
c. Parthenogenesis
d. Fission CorrectFission is a form of asexual reproduction, found in various simple plants and animals, in
which the parent organism divides into two or more approximately equal parts, each becoming an
independent individual.
The correct answer is: Fission

Question 32
Which of the following relationships can be observed among grasses and vegetables in a garden?
Select one:
a. Parasitism
b. Mutualism
c. Competition CorrectCompetition is the interaction among organisms seeking a common resource such
as food or light which is in limited supply in the area occupied by the community. Grasses and
vegetables in a garden for example, compete for soil nutrients and sunlight.
d. Commensalism
The correct answer is: Competition

Question 33
A cell in the stems of an eggplant contains 20 chromosomes. After this cell divides, how many
chromosomes should each resulting daughter cell contain?
Select one:
a. 20 CorrectA cell in the stem tip of a corn plant divides by mitosis. In mitosis, the daughter cell always
has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, whether the parent cell is haploid (monoploid,
1N) or diploid (2N). A diploid parent cell produces diplod daughter cells; a haploid parent cell produces
haploid daughter cells. The cell in the stem tip of an eggplant has 20 chromosomes, so through mitosis,
its daughter cells will also have 20 chromosomes each.
b. 10
c. 50
d. 40
The correct answer is: 20

Question 34
Which of the following statements correctly explains why viruses are not considered free-living?
Select one:
a. Their cells contain DNA
b. Their cells lack cytoplasm
c. They are too small to be seen by light microscopy
d. They cannot reproduce outside a living cell CorrectViruses are not considered free-living since they
cannot reproduce outside of a living cell; they have evolved to transmit their genetic information from
one cell to another for the purpose of replication.
The correct answer is: They cannot reproduce outside a living cell

Question 35
A doctor was advising a patient who just had his gallbladder removed to limit his intake of which of the
following food?
a. Fresh vegetables
b. Apples
c. Seafoods
d. Pork CorrectThe gallbladder secretes bile, produced by the liver, for emulsification of fats. Without
the gallbladder, a person may not be able to digest fatty foods such as pork. Since fats are not soluble in
water, they should be emulsified and broken into smaller molecules.
The correct answer is: Pork

Question 36
Algae and Fungi are put together under Phylum Thallophyta due to this reason:
a. Both algae and fungi can reproduce
b. Both algae and fungi are plants
c. Both algae and fungi need a certain amount of moisture
d. Both algae and fungi do not have roots, stems and leaves CorrectAlgae and fungi are placed together
under phylum Thallophyta because they do not have vascular tissues. They have no roots, stems or
leaves. They are soft or thallus (old classification), but today they are classified separately.
Feedback
The correct answer is: Both algae and fungi do not have roots, stems and leaves

Question 37
Muscles may be controlled or may contract even without conscious thought. Which of the following
muscle groups are considered involuntary?
a. Smooth
b. Skeletal and Cardiac
c. Skeletal
d. Smooth and Cardiac CorrectBoth smooth and cardiac are not controlled by thought but by autonomic
system. Skeletal muscles are attached to the bones and are controlled by an individual consciously.
The correct answer is: Smooth and Cardiac

Question 38
A researcher obtained a sample of matter from the deep ocean. Which of the following would cause the
researcher to suspect that the matter was from a living tissue?
a. The sample releases gases
b. A change in the temperature of the sample
c. The presence of DNA and enzyme in the sample CorrectDNA and enzymes are products of organisms.
The changes specified in the other options could occur in nonliving or even inorganic materials.
d. When exposed to air, the sample changed in color
The correct answer is: The presence of DNA and enzyme in the sample

Question 39
In a residential backyard, there could be flowers, grasshoppers, grasses, dragonflies, worms and ants.
Collectively, these organisms represent which of the following?
Select one:
a. Population
b. Habitat
c. Tissue
d. Community CorrectA community refers to the population of different species living in a particular
habitat and interacting with each other.
The correct answer is: Community

Question 40
Plant eating animals get their main source of energy from:
Select one:
a. Cellulose
b. Starch
c. Glycogen
d. Sugar CorrectOrganisms eat sugar and starch in the form of complex molecules which are digested
and broken down into simpler glucose molecules. These glucose molecules are taken apart and energy is
released to be used for all activities of the organism.
The correct answer is: Sugar

Question 41
A doctor advised a patient to eat food rich in Calcium and Phosphorous. Most likely the patient has
problems with:
a. Skin and hair
b. Blood
c. Nerves
d. Bones and teeth CorrectCalcium and Phosphorous are used in the building and maintenance of bones
and teeth. They are found in milk and dairy products and in leafy vegetables.
The correct answer is: Bones and teeth

Question 42
Question text
Which of the following states that you will have a better chance of reaching reproductive age if you
possess a combination of favorable characteristics?
a. Punctuated equilibrium
b. Survival of the fittest Correct“Survival of the fittest” dictates that those individuals best suited to their
environment will live and reach reproductive age and pass their characteristics on to their offspring.
c. Mutation
d. Sexual isolation
The correct answer is: Survival of the fittest

Question 43
It is coined as the powerhouse of the cell:
a. Endoplasmic reticulum
b. Mitochondria CorrectCell respiration takes place in the mitochondria when energy is released. It is
also in here that the energy compound ATP is produced by the solution surrounding the cristae. The ATP
holds and keeps the energy until it is needed.
c. Golgi bodies
d. Ribosomes
The correct answer is: Mitochondria

Question 44
Photosynthesis can be carried on by which of the following organisms?
a. Saprophytic
b. Scavenger
c. Autotrophic CorrectAutotrophic organisms need sunlight to manufacture food through
photosynthesis. Heterotrophs feed on plants or autotrophs; scavengers eat dead plants or animals;
while sporophytes feed on decaying matter.
d. Heterotrophic
The correct answer is: Autotrophic

Question 45
Bacteria cause various diseases in humans. They produce a poisonous substance known as:
a. Antibodies
b. Toxins CorrectToxins are the poisonous compounds produced by some microorganisms that cause
certain diseases. Antibodies are the specialized proteins produced by certain lymphocytes, especially in
response to the presence of an antigen, to neutralize, thus creating immunity to, specific antigens.
Germs are disease producing microorganisms, such as bacteria, protozoa, fungi, rickettsia and viruses.
c. Antigens
d. Microbes
Feedback
The correct answer is: Toxins

Question 46
The part of the plant cell that captures the light energy needed in photosynthesis is which of the
following?
a. Chlorophyll CorrectThe first step in photosynthesis is the absorption of light by pigments. Chlorophyll
is the most important of these because it is essential for the process. It captures light energy in the
violet and red portions of the spectrum and transforms it into chemical energy through a series of
reactions.
b. Stigmata
c. Nucleus
d. Cytoplast
The correct answer is: Chlorophyll

Question 47
Vertebrates with hair, four-chambered heart and warm-bloodedness are characteristics of which of the
following?
Select one:
a. Aves
b. Amphibia
c. Mammalia CorrectClass Mammalia consists of animals covered with hair, having a four-chambered
heart and are warm-blooded. Fishes and amphibians are cold-blooded, scale covered animals. Aves are
warm-blooded feathered mammals or vertebrates.
d. Pisces
The correct answer is: Mammalia

Question 48
Which of the following statements accurately explains how trees prevent floods?
Select one:
a. Their roots help absorb excess water
b. Their leaves can store excess water
c. Excessive water are stored in their stems
d. Their roots bind the soil CorrectThe roots of trees grow into the soil and attach to the soil particles,
helping to hold the soil together. When forests are cut down, the soil is not held together and is washed
away by the action of running water. With the loss of topsoil, which normally acts as a spongy layer, the
water runs off in large amounts, causing floods.
The correct answer is: Their roots bind the soil

Question 49
Crystallized viruses retain their ineffective properties. This indicates that:
a. The viruses have properties quite unlike any other organism
b. The crystallization was properly done
c. They are very primitive living organisms CorrectViruses are composed only of protein coat enveloping
either RNA or DNA (nucleic acids). In fact, they are practically nonliving cells outside living cells, and use
living cells as hosts in order to reproduce.
d. The crystals became contaminated
Feedback
The correct answer is: They are very primitive living organisms

Question 50
A _____ is composed of all the members of a single species inhabiting a given location.
Select one:
a. Niche
b. Ecosystem
c. Population CorrectThe functional units of an ecosystem are the populations of organisms through
which energy and nutrients move. A population is a group of interbreeding organisms of the same kind
(a species) living in the same place at the same time. Groups of populations within an ecosystem
interact in various ways. These interdependent populations of plants and animals make up the
community, which encompasses the biotic portion of the ecosystem.
d. Food chain
Feedback
The correct answer is: Population