Questions & Answers On OOPs Concept & Features

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Object Oriented Programming

Online Test
by Manish
6-7 minutes
This set of Object Oriented Programming online test

focuses on “OOP Basic Concepts”.
1. Which was the first purely object oriented programming

language developed?
a) Java
b) C++
c) SmallTalk
d) Kotlin
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: SmallTalk was the first programming language
developed which was purely object oriented. It was
developed by Alan Kay. OOP concept came into picture in
1970’s.
2. Which of the following best defines a class?

a) Parent of an object
b) Instance of an object
c) Blueprint of an object
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d) Scope of an object
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: A class is Blueprint of an object which
describes/ shows all the functions and data that are
provided by an object of a specific class. It can’t be called
as parent or instance of an object. Class in general
describes all the properties of an object.
3. Who invented OOP?

a) Alan Kay
b) Andrea Ferro
c) Dennis Ritchie
d) Adele Goldberg
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Alan Kay invented OOP, Andrea Ferro was a
part of SmallTalk Development. Dennis invented C++ and
Adele Goldberg was in team to develop SmallTalk but Alan
actually had got rewarded for OOP.
4. What is the additional feature in classes that was not in

structures?
a) Data members
b) Member functions
c) Static data allowed
d) Public access specifier
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Member functions are allowed inside a class
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but were not present in structure concept. Data members,

static data and public access specifiers were present in
structures too.
5. Which is not feature of OOP in general definitions?

a) Code reusability
b) Modularity
c) Duplicate/Redundant data
d) Efficient Code
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Duplicate/Redundant data is dependent on
programmer and hence can’t be guaranteed by OOP. Code
reusability is done using inheritance. Modularity is
supported by using different code files and classes. Codes
are more efficient because of features of OOP.
6. Pure OOP can be implemented without using class in a

program. (True or False)
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: It’s false because for a program to be pure
OO, everything must be written inside classes. If this rule is
violated, the program can’t be labelled as purely OO.
7. Which Feature of OOP illustrated the code reusability?

a) Polymorphism
b) Abstraction
c) Encapsulation
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d) Inheritance
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Using inheritance we can reuse the code
already written and also can avoid creation of many new
functions or variables, as that can be done one time and be
reused, using classes.
8. Which language does not support all 4 types of

inheritance?
a) C++
b) Java
c) Kotlin
d) Small Talk
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Java doesn’t support all 4 types of inheritance.
It doesn’t support multiple inheritance. But the multiple
inheritance can be implemented using interfaces in Java.
9. How many classes can be defined in a single program?

a) Only 1
b) Only 100
c) Only 999
d) As many as you want
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Any number of classes can be defined inside a
program, provided that their names are different. In java, if
public class is present then it must have the same name as
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that of file.
10. When OOP concept did first came into picture?

a) 1970’s
b) 1980’s
c) 1993
d) 1995
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: OOP first came into picture in 1970’s by Alan
and his team. Later it was used by some programming
languages and got implemented successfully, SmallTalk
was first language to use pure OOP and followed all rules
strictly.
11. Why Java is Partially OOP language?

a) It supports usual declaration of primitive data types
b) It doesn’t support all types of inheritance
c) It allows code to be written outside classes
d) It does not support pointers
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: As Java supports usual declaration of data
variables, it is partial implementation of OOP. Because
according to rules of OOP, object constructors must be
used, even for declaration of variables.
12. Which concept of OOP is false for C++?

a) Code can be written without using classes
b) Code must contain at least one class
c) A class must have member functions
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d) At least one object should be declared in code

View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: In C++, it’s not necessary to use classes, and
hence codes can be written without using OOP concept.
Classes may or may not contain member functions, so it’s
not a necessary condition in C++. And, an object can only
be declared in a code if its class is defined/included via
header file.
13. Which header file is required in C++ to use OOP?

a) iostream.h
b) stdio.h
c) stdlib.h
d) OOP can be used without using any header file
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: We need not include any specific header file to
use OOP concept in C++, only specific functions used in
code need their respective header files to be included or
classes should be defined if needed.
14. Which of the two features match each other?

a) Inheritance and Encapsulation
b) Encapsulation and Polymorphism
c) Encapsulation and Abstraction
d) Abstraction and Polymorphism
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Encapsulation and Abstraction are similar
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features. Encapsulation is actually binding all the properties

in a single class or we can say hiding all the features of
object inside a class. And Abstraction is hiding unwanted
data (for user) and showing only the data required by the
user of program.
15. Which feature allows open recursion, among the

following?
a) Use of this pointer
b) Use of pointers
c) Use of pass by value
d) Use of parameterized constructor
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Use of this pointer allows an object to call data
and methods of itself whenever needed. This helps us call
the members of an object recursively, and differentiate the
variables of different scopes.
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Questions and Answers.
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Classes - Object Oriented

Programming Questions and
Answers
by Manish
6-8 minutes
This set of Object Oriented Programming (OOPs) Multiple

Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
“Classes”.
1. Which of the following is not type of class?

a) Abstract Class
b) Final Class
c) Start Class
d) String Class
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Only 9 types of classes are provided in
general, namely, abstract, final, mutable, wrapper,
anonymous, input-output, string, system, network. We may
further divide the classes into parent class and sub class if
inheritance is used.
2. Class is pass by _______

a) Value
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b) Reference
c) Value or Reference, depending on program
d) Copy
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Classes are pass by reference, and the
structures are pass by copy. It doesn’t depend on program.
3. What is default access specifier for data members or

member functions declared within a class without any
specifier, in C++ ?
a) Private
b) Protected
c) Public
d) Depends on compiler
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The data members and member functions are
Private by default in C++ classes, if none of the access
specifier is used. It is actually made to increase the privacy
of data.
4. Which is most appropriate comment on following class

definition :
class Student
{
int a;
public : float a;
};
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a) Error : same variable name can’t be used twice

b) Error : Public must come first
c) Error : data types are different for same variable
d) It is correct
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Same variable can’t be defined twice in same
scope. Even if the data types are different, variable name
must be different. There is no rule like Public member
should come first or last.
5. Which is known as generic class?

a) Abstract class
b) Final class
c) Template class
d) Efficient Code
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Template classes are known to be generic
classes because those can be used for any data type value
and the same class can be used for all the variables of
different data types.
6. Size of a class is :
a) Sum of size of all the variables declared inside the class
b) Sum of size of all the variables along with inherited
variables in the class
c) Size of largest size of variable
d) Classes doesn’t have any size
View Answer
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Answer: d
Explanation: Classes doesn’t have any size, actually the
size of object of the class can be defined. That is done only
when an object is created and its constructor is called.
7. Which class can have member functions without their

implementation?
a) Default class
b) String class
c) Template class
d) Abstract class
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Abstract classes can have member functions
with no implementation, where the inheriting sub classes
must implement those functions.
8. Which of the following describes a friend class?

a) Friend class can access all the private members of the
class, of which it is a friend
b) Friend class can only access protected members of the
class, of which it is a friend
c) Friend class don’t have any implementation
d) Friend class can’t access any data member of another
class but can use it’s methods
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: A friend class can access all the private
members of another class, of which it is friend. It is a
special class provided to use when you need to reuse the
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data of a class but don’t want that class to have those

special functions.
9. What is scope of a class nested inside another class?

a) Protected scope
b) Private scope
c) Global scope
d) Depends on access specifier and inheritance used
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: It depends on the access specifier and the
type of inheritance used with the class, because if the class
is inherited then the nested class can be used by subclass
too, provided it’s not of private type.
10. Class with main() function can be inherited (True/False)

a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The class containing main function can be
inherited and hence the program can be executed using the
derived class names also in java.
11. Which among the following is false, for member function

of a class?
a) All member functions must be defined
b) Member functions can be defined inside or outside the
class body
c) Member functions need not be declared inside the class
definition
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d) Member functions can be made friend to another class

using friend keyword
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Member functions must be declared inside
class body, thought the definition can be given outside the
class body. There is no way to declare the member
functions inside the class.
12. Which syntax for class definition is wrong?

a) class student{ };
b) student class{ };
c) class student{ public: student(int a){ } };
d) class student{ student(int a){} };
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Keyword class should come first. Class name
should come after keyword class. Parameterized
constructor definition depends on programmer so it can be
left empty also.
13. Which of the following pairs are similar?

a) Class and object
b) Class and structure
c) Structure and object
d) Structure and functions
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Class and structure are similar to each other.
Only major difference is that a structure doesn’t have
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member functions whereas the class can have both data

members and member functions.
14. Which among the following is false for class features?

a) Classes may/may not have both data members and
member functions
b) Class definition must be ended with a colon
c) Class can have only member functions with no data
members
d) Class is similar to union and structures
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Class definition must end with a semicolon, not
colon. Class can have only member functions in its body
with no data members.
15. Instance of which type of class can’t be created?

a) Anonymous class
b) Nested class
c) Parent class
d) Abstract class
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Instance of abstract class can’t be created as
it will not have any constructor of its own, hence while
creating an instance of class, it can’t initialize the object
members. Actually the class inheriting the abstract class
can have its instance, because it will have implementation
of all members.
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Objects Questions and Answers -

Sanfoundry
by Manish
7-8 minutes

Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Objects”.
1. Which definition best describes an object?

a) Instance of a class
b) Instance of itself
c) Child of a class
d) Overview of a class
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: An object is instance of its class. It can be
declared in the same way that a variable is declared, only
thing is you have to use class name as the data type.
2. How many objects can be declared of a specific class in

a single program?
a) 32768
b) 127
c) 1
d) As many as you want
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View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: You can create as many objects of a specific
class as you want, provided enough memory is available.
3. Which among the following is false?

a) Object must be created before using members of a class
b) Memory for an object is allocated only after its
constructor is called
c) Objects can’t be passed by reference
d) Objects size depends on its class data members
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Objects can be passed by reference. Objects
can be passed by value also. If object of a class is not
created, we can’t use members of that class.
4. Which of the following is incorrect?

a) class student{ }s;
b) class student{ }; student s;
c) class student{ }s[];
d) class student{ }; student s[5];
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The array must be specified with a size. You
can’t declare object array, or any other linear array without
specifying its size. It’s a mandatory field.
5. The object can’t be:

a) Passed by reference
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b) Passed by value
c) Passed by copy
d) Passed as function
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Object can’t be passed as function as it is an
instance of some class, it’s not a function. Object can be
passed by reference, value or copy. There is no term
defined as pass as function for objects.
6. What is size of the object of following class (64 bit

system)?
class student { int rollno; char name[20]; static int
studentno; };
a) 20
b) 22
c) 24
d) 28
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The size of any object of student class will be
of size 4+20=24, because static members are not really
considered as property of a single object. So static
variables size will not be added.
7. Functions can’t return objects. (True/False)

a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
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Explanation: Functions can always return an object if the

return type is same as that of object being returned. Care
has to be taken while writing the prototype of function.
8. How members of an object are accessed?

a) Using dot operator/period symbol
b) Using scope resolution operator
c) Using member names directly
d) Using pointer only
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Using dot operator after the name of object we
can access its members. It is not necessary to use the
pointers. We can’t use the names directly because it may
be used outside the class.
9. If a local class is defined in a function, which of the

following is true for an object of that class?
a) Object is accessible outside the function
b) Object can be declared inside any other function
c) Object can be used to call other class members
d) Object can be used/accessed/declared locally in that
function.
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: For an object which belongs to a local class, it
is mandatory to declare and use the object within the
function because the class is accessible locally within the
class only.
10. Which among the following is wrong?
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a) class student{ }; student s;

b) abstract class student{ }; student s;
c) abstract class student{ }s[50000000];
d) abstract class student{ }; class toppers: public student{ };
topper t;
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: We can never create instance of an abstract
class. Abstract classes doesn’t have constructors and
hence when an instance is created there is no facility to
initialize its members. Option d is correct because topper
class is inheriting the base abstract class student, and
hence topper class object can be created easily.
11. Object declared in main() function:

a) Can be used by any other function
b) Can be used by main() function of any other program
c) Can’t be used by any other function
d) Can be accessed using scope resolution operator
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The object declared in main() have local scope
inside main() function only. It can’t be used outside main()
function. Scope resolution operator is used to access
globally declared variables/objects.
12. When an object is returned___________

a) A temporary object is created to return the value
b) The same object used in function is used to return the
value
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c) The Object can be returned without creation of temporary

object
d) Object are returned implicitly, we can’t say how it
happens inside program
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: A temporary object is created to return the
value. It is created because object used in function is
destroyed as soon as the function is returned. The
temporary variable returns the value and then gets
destroyed.
13. Which among the following is correct?

a) class student{ }s1,s2; s1.student()=s2.student();
b) class student{ }s1; class topper{ }t1; s1=t1;
c) class student{ }s1,s2; s1=s2;
d) class student{ }s1; class topper{ }t1;
s1.student()=s2.topper();
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Only if the objects are of same class then their
data can be copied from to another using assignment
operator. This actually comes under operator overloading.
Class constructors can’t be assigned any explicit value as in
option b and d.
14. Which among following is correct for initializing the class

below?
class student{
int marks;
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int cgpa;
public: student(int i, int j){
marks=I;
cgpa=j
}
};
a) student s[3]={ s(394, 9); s(394, 9); s(394,9); };

b) student s[2]={ s(394,9), s(222,5) };
c) student s[2]={ s1(392,9), s2(222,5) };
d) student s[2]={ s[392,9], s2[222,5] };
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: It is the way we can initialize the data
members for an object array using parameterized
constructor. We can do this to pass our own intended
values to initialize the object array data.
15. Object can’t be used with pointers because they belong

to user defined class, and compiler can’t decide the type of
data may be used inside the class. (True/False)
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The explanation given is wrong because object
can always be used with pointers like with any other
variables. Compiler doesn’t have to know the structure of
the class to use a pointer because the pointers only points
to a memory address/stores that address.
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OOP Features - Object Oriented

Answers
by Manish
7-8 minutes

Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “OOP
Features”.
1. Which feature of OOP indicates code reusability?

a) Encapsulation
b) Inheritance
c) Abstraction
d) Polymorphism
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Inheritance indicates the code reusability.
Encapsulation and abstraction are meant to hide/group data
into one element. Polymorphism is to indicate different
tasks performed by a single entity.
2. If a function can perform more than 1 type of tasks,

where the function name remains same, which feature of
OOP is used here?
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a) Encapsulation
b) Inheritance
c) Polymorphism
d) Abstraction
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: For the feature given above, the OOP feature
used is Polymorphism. Example of polymorphism in real life
is a kid, who can be a student, a son, a brother depending
on where he is.
3. If different properties and functions of a real world entity

is grouped or embedded into a single element, what is it
called in OOP language?
a) Inheritance
b) Polymorphism
c) Abstraction
d) Encapsulation
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: It is Encapsulation, which groups different
properties and functions of a real world entity into single
element. Abstraction, on other hand, is hiding of functional
or exact working of codes and showing only the things
which are required by the user.
4. Which of the following is not feature of pure OOP?

a) Classes must be used
b) Inheritance
c) Data may/may not be declared using object
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d) Functions Overloading
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Data must be declared using objects. Object
usage is mandatory because it in turn calls its constructors,
which in turn must have a class defined. If object is not
used, it is violation of pure OOP concept.
5. Which among the following doesn’t come under OOP

concept?
a) Platform independent
b) Data binding
c) Message passing
d) Data hiding
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Platform independence is not feature of OOP.
C++ supports OOP but it’s not a platform independent
language. Platform independence depends on
programming language.
6. Which feature of OOP is indicated by the following code?
class student{ int marks; };

class topper:public student{ int age;
topper(int age){ this.age=age; } };
a) Inheritance
b) Polymorphism
c) Inheritance and polymorphism
d) Encapsulation and Inheritance
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View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Encapsulation is indicated by use of classes.
Inheritance is shown by inheriting the student class into
topper class. Polymorphism is not shown here because we
have defined the constructor in topper class but that doesn’t
mean that default constructor is overloaded.
7. Which feature may be violated if we don’t use classes in

a program?
a) Inheritance can’t be implemented
b) Object must be used is violated
c) Encapsulation only is violated
d) Basically all the features of OOP gets violated
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: All the features are violated because
Inheritance and Encapsulation won’t be implemented.
Polymorphism and Abstraction is still possible in some
cases, but the main features like data binding, object use
and etc won’t be used hence use of class is must for OOP
concept.
8. How many basic features of OOP are required for a

programming language to be purely OOP?
a) 7
b) 6
c) 5
d) 4
View Answer
4 of 8 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
Answer: a
Explanation: There are 7 basic features that define whether
a programing language is pure OOP or not. The 4 basic
features are inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation and
abstraction. Further, one is, object use is must, secondly,
message passing and lastly, Dynamic binding.
9. The feature by which one object can interact with another

object is:
a) Data transfer
b) Data Binding
c) Message Passing
d) Message reading
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The interaction between two object is called
message passing feature. Data transfer is not feature of
OOP. Also, message reading is not feature of OOP.
10. ___________ underlines the feature of Polymorphism in

a class.
a) Nested class
b) Enclosing class
c) Inline function
d) Virtual Function
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Virtual Functions can be defined in any class
using the keyword virtual. All the classes which inherit the
class containing the virtual function, define the virtual
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function as required. Redefining the function on all the

derived classes according to class and use represents
polymorphism.
11. Which feature in OOP is used to allocate additional

function to a predefined operator in any language?
a) Operator Overloading
b) Function Overloading
c) Operator Overriding
d) Function Overriding
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The feature is operator overloading. There is
not feature named operator overriding specifically. Function
overloading and overriding doesn’t give addition function to
any operator.
12. Which among doesn’t illustrates polymorphism?

a) Function overloading
b) Function overriding
c) Operator overloading
d) Virtual function
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Function overriding doesn’t illustrate
polymorphism because the functions are actually different
and theirs scopes are different. Function and operator
overloading illustrate proper polymorphism. Virtual functions
show polymorphism because all the classes which inherit
virtual function, define the same function in different ways.
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13. Exception handling is feature of OOP. (True/False)

a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Exception handling is feature of OOP as it
includes classes concept in most of the cases. Also it may
come handy while using inheritance.
14. Which among the following, for a pure OOP language,

is true?
a) The language should follow 3 or more features of OOP
b) The language should follow at least 1 feature of OOP
c) The language must follow only 3 features of OOP
d) The language must follow all the rules of OOP
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The language must follow all the rules of OOP
to be called a purely OOP language. Even if a single OOP
feature is not followed, then it’s known to be a partially OOP
language.
15. OOP provides better security than POP:

a) Always true for any programming language
b) May not be true with respect to all programming
languages
c) It depends on type of program
d) It’s vice-versa is true
View Answer
Answer: a
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Explanation: It is always true as we have the facility of

private and protected access specifiers. Also, only the
public and global data is available globally or else program
should have proper permission to access the private data.


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Polymorphism - Object Oriented

Answers
by Manish
9-11 minutes

“Polymorphism”.
1. Which among the following best describes

polymorphism?
a) It is the ability for a message/data to be processed in
more than one form
b) It is the ability for a message/data to be processed in
only 1 form
c) It is the ability for many messages/data to be processed
in one way
d) It is the ability for undefined message/data to be
processed in at least one way
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: It is actually the ability for a message / data to
be processed in more than one form. The word
1 of 11 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
polymorphism indicates many-forms. So if a single entity

takes more than one form, it is known as polymorphism.
2. What do you call the languages that support classes but

not polymorphism?
a) Class based language
b) Procedure Oriented language
c) Object-based language
d) If classes are supported, polymorphism will always be
supported
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The languages which support classes but
doesn’t support polymorphism, are known as object-based
languages. Polymorphism is such an important feature, that
is a language doesn’t support this feature, it can’t be called
as a OOP language.
3. Which among the following is the language which

supports classes but not polymorphism?
a) SmallTalk
b) Java
c) C++
d) Ada
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Ada is the language which supports the
concept of classes but doesn’t support the polymorphism
feature. It is an object-based programming language. Note
that it’s not an OOP language.
2 of 11 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
4. If same message is passed to objects of several different

classes and all of those can respond in a different way,
what is this feature called?
a) Inheritance
b) Overloading
c) Polymorphism
d) Overriding
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The feature defined in question defines
polymorphism feature. Here the different objects are
capable of responding to the same message in different
ways, hence polymorphism.
5. Which class/set of classes can illustrate polymorphism in

the following code:
abstract class student

{
public : int marks;
calc_grade();
}
class topper:public student
{
public : calc_grade()
{
return 10;
}
};
class average:public student
3 of 11 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
{
public : calc_grade()
{
return 20;
}
};
class failed{ int marks; };
a) Only class student can show polymorphism

b) Only class student and topper together can show
polymorphism
c) All class student, topper and average together can show
polymorphism
d) Class failed should also inherit class student for this code
to work for polymorphism
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Since Student class is abstract class and class
topper and average are inheriting student, class topper and
average must define the function named calc_grade(); in
abstract class. Since both the definition are different in
those classes, calc_grade() will work in different way for
same input from different objects. Hence it shows
polymorphism.
6. Which type of function among the following shows

polymorphism?
a) Inline function
b) Virtual function
c) Undefined functions
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d) Class member functions

View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Only virtual functions among these can show
polymorphism. Class member functions can show
polymorphism too but we should be sure that the same
function is being overloaded or is a function of abstract
class or something like this, since we are not sure about all
these, we can’t say whether it can show polymorphism or
not.
7. In case of using abstract class or function overloading,

which function is supposed to be called first?
A) Local function
B) Function with highest priority in compiler
C) Global function
D) Function with lowest priority because it might have been
halted since long time, because of low priority
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Function with highest priority is called. Here,
it’s not about the thread scheduling in CPU, but it focuses
on whether the function in local scope is present or not, or if
scope resolution is used in some way, or if the function
matches the argument signature. So all these things define
which function has the highest priority to be called in
runtime. Local function could be one of the answer but we
can’t say if someone have used pointer to another function
or same function name.
5 of 11 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
8. Which among the following can’t be used for

polymorphism?
a) Static member functions
b) Member functions overloading
c) Predefined operator overloading
d) Constructor overloading
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Static member functions are not property of
any object. Hence it can’t be considered for
overloading/overriding. For polymorphism, function must be
property of object, not only of class.
9. What is output of the following program?
class student
{
public : int marks;
void disp()
{
cout<<”its base class”
};
class topper:public student
{
public :
void disp()
{
cout<<”Its derived
class”;
}
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}
void main() { student s; topper t;
s.disp();
t.disp();
}
a) Its base classIts derived class

b) Its base class Its derived class
c) Its derived classIts base class
d) Its derived class Its base class
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: You need to focus on how the output is going
to be shown, no space will be given after first message from
base class. And then the message from derived class will
be printed. Function disp() in base class overrides the
function of base class being derived.
10. Which among the following can show polymorphism?

a) Overloading ||
b) Overloading +=
c) Overloading <<
d) Overloading &&
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Only insertion operator can be overloaded
among all the given options. And the polymorphism can be
illustrated here only if any of these is applicable of being
overloaded. Overloading is type of polymorphism.
11. Find the output of the program:
7 of 11 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
class education
{
char name[10];
public : disp()
{
cout<<”Its education
system”;
}
class school:public education
{
public: void dsip()
{
cout<<”Its school
education system”;
}
};
void main()
{
school s;
s.disp();
}
}
a) Its school education system

b) Its education system
c) Its school education systemIts education system
d) Its education systemIts school education system
View Answer
Answer: a
8 of 11 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
Explanation: Notice that the function name in derived class

is different from the function name in base class. Hence
when we call the disp() function, base class function is
executed. No polymorphism is used here.
12. Polymorphism is possible in C language.

a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: It is possible to implement polymorphism in C
language, even though it doesn’t support class. We can use
structures and then declare pointers which in turn points to
some function. In this way we simulate the functions like
member functions but not exactly member function. Now we
can overload these functions, hence implementing
polymorphism in C language.
13. Which problem may arise if we use abstract class

functions for polymorphism?
a) All classes are converted as abstract class
b) Derived class must be of abstract type
c) All the derived classes must implement the undefined
functions
d) Derived classes can’t redefine the function
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The undefined functions must be defined is a
problem, because one may need to implement few
undefined functions from abstract class, but he will have to
9 of 11 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
define each of the functions declared in abstract class.

Being useless task, it is a problem sometimes.
14. Which among the following is not true for

polymorphism?
a) It is feature of OOP
b) Ease in readability of program
c) Helps in redefining the same functionality
d) Increases overhead of function definition always
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: It never increases function definition overhead,
one way or other if you don’t use polymorphism, you will
use the definition in some other way, so it actually helps to
write efficient codes.
15. If 2 classes derive one base class and redefine a

function of base class, also overload some operators inside
class body. Among these two things of function and
operator overloading, where is polymorphism used?
a) Function overloading only
b) Operator overloading only
c) Both of these are using polymorphism
d) Either function over loading or operator overloading
because polymorphism can be applied only once in a
program
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Both of them are using polymorphism. It is not
a necessary that polymorphism can be used only once in a
10 of 11 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
program, it can be used anywhere, any number of times in

a single program.


11 of 11 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
Encapsulation - Object Oriented Programming ... about:reader?url=https://www.sanfoundry.com/...
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Encapsulation - Object Oriented

Answers
by Manish
8-10 minutes

“Encapsulation”.
1. Which among the following best describes

encapsulation?
a) It is a way of combining various data members into a
single unit
b) It is a way of combining various member functions into a
single unit
c) It is a way of combining various data members and
member functions into a single unit which can operate on
any data
d) It is a way of combining various data members and
member functions that operate on those data members into
a single unit
View Answer
Answer: d
1 of 9 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
Explanation: It is a way of combining both data members

and member functions, which operate on those data
members, into a single unit. We call it a class in OOP
generally. This feature have helped us modify the structures
used in C language to be upgraded into class in C++ and
other languages.
2. If data members are private, what can we do to access

them from the class object?
a) Create public member functions to access those data
members
b) Create private member functions to access those data
members
c) Create protected member functions to access those data
members
d) Private data members can never be accessed from
outside the class
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: We can define public member functions to
access those private data members and get their value for
use or alteration. They can’t be accessed directly but is
possible to be access using member functions. This is done
to ensure that the private data doesn’t get modified
accidently.
3. While using encapsulation, which among the following is

possible?
a) Code modification can be additional overhead
b) Data member’s data type can be changed without
2 of 9 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
changing any other code

c) Data member’s type can’t be changed, or whole code
have to be changed
d) Member functions can be used to change the data type
of data members
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Data member’s data type can be changed
without changing any further code. All the members using
that data can continue in the same way without any
modification. Member functions can never change the data
type of same class data members.
4. Which feature can be implemented using encapsulation?

a) Inheritance
b) Abstraction
c) Polymorphism
d) Overloading
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Data abstraction can be achieved by using
encapsulation. We can hide the operation and structure of
actual program from the user and can show only required
information by the user.
5. Find which of the following uses encapsulation?

a) void main(){ int a; void fun( int a=10; cout<<a); fun(); }
b) class student{ int a; public: int b;};
c) class student{int a; public: void disp(){ cout<<a;} };
d) struct topper{ char name[10]; public : int marks; }
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View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: It is the class which uses both the data
members and member functions being declared inside a
single unit. Only data members can be there in structures
also. And the encapsulation can only be illustrated if some
data/operations are associated within class.
6. Encapsulation helps in writing ___________ classes in

java
a) Mutable
b) Abstract
c) Wrapper
d) Immutable
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Immutable classes are used for caching
purpose generally. And it can be created by making the
class as final and making all its members private.
7. Which among the following should be encapsulated?

a) The data which is prone to change is near future
b) The data prone to change in long terms
c) The data which is intended to be changed
d) The data which belongs to some other class
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The data prone to change in near future is
usually encapsulated so that it doesn’t get changed
accidently. We encapsulate the data to hide the critical
4 of 9 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
working of program from outside world.
8. How can Encapsulation be achieved?

a) Using Access Specifiers
b) Using only private members
c) Using inheritance
d) Using Abstraction
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Using access specifiers we can achieve
encapsulation. Using this we can in turn implement data
abstraction. It’s not necessary that we only use private
access.
9. Which among the following violates the principle of

encapsulation almost always?
a) Local variables
b) Global variables
c) Public variables
d) Array variables
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Global variables almost always violates the
principles of encapsulation. Encapsulation says the data
should be accessed only by required set of elements. But
global variable is accessible everywhere, also it is most
prone to changes. It doesn’t hide the internal working of
program.
10. Which among the following would destroy the

encapsulation mechanism if it was allowed in
5 of 9 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
programming?
a) Using access declaration for private members of base
class
b) Using access declaration for public members of base
class
c) Using access declaration for local variable of main()
function
d) Using access declaration for global variables
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: If using access declaration for private
members of base class was allowed in programming, it
would have destroyed whole concept of encapsulation. As if
it was possible, any class which gets inherited privately,
would have been able to inherit the private members of
base class, and hence could access each and every
member of base class.
11. Which among the following can be a concept against

encapsulation rules?
a) Using function pointers
b) Using char* string pointer to be passed to non-member
function
c) Using object array
d) Using any kind of pointer/array address in passing to
another function
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: If we use any kind of array or pointer as data
6 of 9 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
member which should not be changed, but in some case its

address is passed to some other function or similar
variable. There are chances to modify its whole data easily.
Hence Against encapsulation.
12. Consider the following code and select the correct

option:
class student
{
int marks;
public : int* fun()
{
return &marks;
}
};
main()
{
student s;
int *ptr=c.fun();
return 0;
}
a) This code is good to go

b) This code may result in undesirable conditions
c) This code will generate error
d) This code violates encapsulation
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: This code violates the encapsulation. By this
code we can get the address of the private member of the
7 of 9 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
class, hence we can change the value of private member,

which is against the rules.
13. Consider the code and select the wrong choice:
class hero
{
char name[10];
public : void disp()
{
cout<<name;
}
};
a) This maintains encapsulation

b) This code doesn’t maintain encapsulation
c) This code is vulnerable
d) This code gives error
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: This code maintains encapsulation. Here the
private member is kept private. Outside code can’t access
the private members of class. Only objects of this class will
be able to access the public member function at maximum.
14. Encapsulation is the way to add functions in a user

defined structure.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
8 of 9 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
Explanation: False, because we can’t call these structures if

member functions are involved, it must be called class.
Also, it is not just about adding functions, it’s about binding
data and functions together.
15. Using encapsulation data security is ___________

a) Not ensured
b) Ensured to some extent
c) Purely ensured
d) Very low
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The encapsulation can only ensure the data
security to some extent. If pointer and addresses are
misused, it may violate encapsulation. Use of global
variables also makes the program vulnerable, hence we
can’t say that encapsulation gives pure security.


9 of 9 3/19/18, 9:27 AM
Abstraction - Object Oriented Programming Que... about:reader?url=https://www.sanfoundry.com/...
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Abstraction - Object Oriented

Answers
by Manish
6-8 minutes

“Abstraction”.
1. Which among the following best defines abstraction?

a) Hiding the implementation
b) Showing the important data
c) Hiding the important data
d) Hiding the implementation and showing only the features
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: It includes hiding the implementation part and
showing only the required data and features to the user. It
is done to hide the implementation complexity and details
from the user. And to provide a good interface in
programming.
2. Hiding the implementation complexity can:

a) Make the programming easy
1 of 7 3/19/18, 9:28 AM
b) Make the programming complex

c) Provide more number of features
d) Provide better features
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: It can make the programming easy. The
programming need not know how the inbuilt functions are
working but can use those complex functions directly in the
program. It doesn’t provide more number of features or
better features.
3. Class is _________ abstraction

a) Object
b) Logical
c) Real
d) Hypothetical
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Class is logical abstraction because it provides
a logical structure for all of its objects. It gives an overview
of the features of an object.
4. Object is ________ abstraction

a) Object
b) Logical
c) Real
d) Hypothetical
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Object is real abstraction because it actually
2 of 7 3/19/18, 9:28 AM
contains those features of class. It is the implementation of

overview given by class. Hence the class is logical
abstraction and its object is real.
5. Abstraction gives higher degree of ________

a) Class usage
b) Program complexity
c) Idealized interface
d) Unstable interface
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: It is to idealize the interface. In this way the
programmer can use the programming features more
efficiently and can code better. It can’t increase the program
complexity, as the feature itself is made to hide it.
6. Abstraction can apply to:

a) Control and data
b) Only data
c) Only control
d) Classes
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Abstraction applies to both. Control abstraction
involves use of subroutines and control flow abstraction.
Data abstraction involves handling pieces of data in
meaningful ways.
7. Which among the following can be viewed as

combination of abstraction of data and code.
a) Class
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b) Object
c) Inheritance
d) Interfaces
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Object can be viewed as abstraction of data
and code. It uses data members and their functioning as
data abstraction. Code abstraction as use of object of inbuilt
class.
8. Abstraction principle includes___________

a) Use abstraction at its minimum
b) Use abstraction to avoid longer codes
c) Use abstraction whenever possible to avoid duplication
d) Use abstraction whenever possible to achieve OOP
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Abstraction principle includes use of
abstraction to avoid duplication (usually of code). It this way
the program doesn’t contain any redundant functions and
make the program efficient.
9. Higher the level of abstraction, higher are the details.

a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Higher the level of abstraction, lower are the
details. The best way to understand this is to consider a
whole system that is highest level of abstraction as it hides
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everything inside. And next lower level would contain few of

the computer components and so on.
10. Encapsulation and abstraction differ as:

a) Binding and Hiding respectively
b) Hiding and Binding respectively
c) Can be used any way
d) Hiding and hiding respectively
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Abstraction is hiding the complex code. For
example we directly use cout object in C++ but we don’t
know how is it actually implemented. Encapsulation is data
binding, as in, we try to combine the similar type of data
and functions together.
11. In terms of stream and files________

a) Abstraction is called a stream and device is called a file
b) Abstraction is called a file and device is called a stream
c) Abstraction can be called both file an stream
d) Abstraction can’t be defined in terms of files and stream
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Abstraction is called stream to provide a level
of complexity hiding, for how the files operations are
actually done. Actual devices are called file because in one
way or other, those can be considered as single entity and
there is nothing hidden.
12. If two classes combine some private data members and

provides public member functions to access and manipulate
5 of 7 3/19/18, 9:28 AM
those data members. Where is abstraction used?

a) Using private access specifier for data members
b) Using class concept with both data members and
member functions
c) Using public member functions to access and manipulate
the data members
d) Data is not sufficient to decide what is being used
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: It is the concept of hiding program complexity
and actual working in background. Hence use of public
member functions illustrates abstraction here.
13. A phone is made up of many components like

motherboard, camera, sensors and etc. If the processor
represents all the functioning of phone, display shows the
display only, and the phone is represented as a whole.
Which among the following have highest level of
abstraction?
a) Motherboard
b) Display
c) Camera
d) Phone
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Phone as a whole have the highest level of
abstraction. This is because the phone being a single unit
represents the whole system. Whereas motherboard,
display and camera are its components.
6 of 7 3/19/18, 9:28 AM
14. Which among the following is not a level of abstraction:

a) Logical level
b) Physical level
c) View level
d) External level
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Abstraction is generally divided into 3 different
levels, namely, logical, physical and view level. External
level is not defined in terms of abstraction.
15. Using higher degree of abstraction __________

a) May get unsafe
b) May reduce readability
c) Can be safer
d) Can increase vulnerability
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: It will make the code safer. One may think it
reduces the readability, but the fact is, it actually helps us
understand the code better. We don’t have to read the
complex code which is of no use in understanding the
program.


7 of 7 3/19/18, 9:28 AM

Questions & Answers On OOPs Concept & Features

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Object Oriented Programming Online Test about:reader?url=https://www.sanfoundry.com/...

Object Oriented Programming

This set of Object Oriented Programming online test

1. Which was the first purely object oriented programming

2. Which of the following best defines a class?

3. Who invented OOP?

4. What is the additional feature in classes that was not in

but were not present in structure concept. Data members,

5. Which is not feature of OOP in general definitions?

6. Pure OOP can be implemented without using class in a

7. Which Feature of OOP illustrated the code reusability?

8. Which language does not support all 4 types of

9. How many classes can be defined in a single program?

10. When OOP concept did first came into picture?

11. Why Java is Partially OOP language?

12. Which concept of OOP is false for C++?

d) At least one object should be declared in code

13. Which header file is required in C++ to use OOP?

14. Which of the two features match each other?

features. Encapsulation is actually binding all the properties

15. Which feature allows open recursion, among the

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series –

To practice all areas of Object Oriented Programming for

Classes - Object Oriented

This set of Object Oriented Programming (OOPs) Multiple

1. Which of the following is not type of class?

2. Class is pass by _______

3. What is default access specifier for data members or

4. Which is most appropriate comment on following class

a) Error : same variable name can’t be used twice

5. Which is known as generic class?

7. Which class can have member functions without their

8. Which of the following describes a friend class?

data of a class but don’t want that class to have those

9. What is scope of a class nested inside another class?

10. Class with main() function can be inherited (True/False)

11. Which among the following is false, for member function

d) Member functions can be made friend to another class

12. Which syntax for class definition is wrong?

13. Which of the following pairs are similar?

member functions whereas the class can have both data

14. Which among the following is false for class features?

15. Instance of which type of class can’t be created?

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series –

Object Oriented Programming (OOPs).

To practice all areas of Object Oriented Programming

Objects Questions and Answers -

This set of Object Oriented Programming (OOPs) Multiple

1. Which definition best describes an object?

2. How many objects can be declared of a specific class in

3. Which among the following is false?

4. Which of the following is incorrect?

5. The object can’t be:

6. What is size of the object of following class (64 bit

7. Functions can’t return objects. (True/False)

Explanation: Functions can always return an object if the

8. How members of an object are accessed?

9. If a local class is defined in a function, which of the