GATE – 2018 – ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

1. ELECTRICAL MACHINES
1. Single-phase transformer: equivalent circuit, phasor diagram, open
circuit and short circuit tests, regulation and efficiency.
2. Three phase transformers: connections, parallel operation; Auto‐
transformer, Electromechanical energy conversion principles.
3. DC machines: separately excited, series and shunt, motoring and
generating mode of operation and their characteristics, starting and
speed control of dc motors.
4. Three phase induction motors: principle of operation, types,
performance, torque-speed characteristics, no-load and blocked rotor
tests, equivalent circuit, starting and speed control; Operating
principle of single-phase induction motors.
5. Synchronous machines: cylindrical and salient pole machines,
performance, regulation and parallel operation of generators, starting
of synchronous motor, characteristics; Types of losses and efficiency
calculations of electric machines.
2. POWER SYSTEMS
1. Per‐unit quantities, Bus admittance matrix, Gauss Seidel and Newton-
Raphson load flow methods, Voltage and Frequency control, Power
factor correction, Symmetrical components, Symmetrical and
unsymmetrical fault analysis, Principles of over‐current, differential
and distance protection; Circuit breakers, System stability concepts,
Equal area criterion.
2. Power generation concepts, ac and dc transmission concepts, Models
and performance of transmission lines and cables, Series and shunt
compensation, Electric field distribution and insulators, Distribution
systems.
3. CONTROL SYSTEMS
1. Mathematical modeling and representation of systems, Feedback
principle, and transfer function, Block diagrams and Signal flow
graphs.
2. Transient and Steady‐state analysis of linear time invariant systems,
Routh-Hurwitz.
3. Nyquist criteria, Bode plots, Root loci, Stability analysis.
4. Lag, Lead and Lead‐Lag compensators; P, PI and PID controllers.
5. State space model, State transition matrix.
4. ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS
1. Bridges and Potentiometers, Measurement of voltage, current, power,
energy and power factor; Instrument transformers, Digital voltmeters
and multimeters, Phase, Time and Frequency measurement;
Oscilloscopes, Error analysis
5. ANALOG AND ELECTRONICS
1. Characteristics of diodes, BJT, MOSFET; Simple diode circuits: clipping,
clamping, rectifiers; Amplifiers: Biasing, Equivalent circuit and
Frequency response; Oscillators and Feedback amplifiers; Operational
amplifiers: Characteristics and applications; Simple active filters, VCOs
and Timers
2. Combinational and Sequential logic circuits, Multiplexer,
Demultiplexer, Schmitt trigger, Sample and hold circuits, A/D and D/A
converters
3. 8085Microprocessor: Architecture, Programming and Interfacing.
6. POWER ELECTRONICS
1. Characteristics of semiconductor power devices: Diode, Thyristor,
Triac, GTO, MOSFET and IGBT.
2. DC-to-DC conversion: Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost converters.
3. Single and three-phase configuration of uncontrolled rectifiers, Line
commutated Thyristor based converters, Bidirectional ac to dc voltage
source converters, Issues of line current harmonics, Power factor, and
Distortion factor of ac to dc converters.
4. Single phase and three phase inverters, Sinusoidal-pulse-width
modulation.
7. SIGNAL AND SYSTEMS
1. Representation of continuous and discrete‐time signals, Shifting and
scaling operations, Linear Time Invariant and Causal systems.
2. Fourier series representation of continuous periodic signals,
Applications of Fourier Transform.
3. Laplace Transform and Sampling theorem, z-Transform
8. ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
1. Coulomb's Law, Electric Field Intensity, Electric Flux Density, Gauss's
Law, Divergence, Electric field and potential due to point, line, plane
and spherical charge distributions, Effect of dielectric medium,
Capacitance of simple configurations.
2. Biot‐Savart’s law, Ampere’s law, Curl, Faraday’s law, Lorentz force,
Inductance, Magnetomotive force, Reluctance, Magnetic circuits,Self
and Mutual inductance of simple configurations.
9. ELECTRIC CIRCUITS
1. Network graph, KCL, KVL, Node and Mesh analysis.
2. Transient response of dc and ac networks.
3. Sinusoidal steady‐state analysis.
4. Resonance, Passive filters, Ideal current and voltage sources.
5. Thevenin’s theorem, Norton’s theorem, Superposition theorem,
Maximum power transfer theorem.
6. Two‐port networks
7. Three phase circuits, Power and power factor in ac circuits.

1. ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
1. Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations,
Eigenvalues, Eigenvectors.
2. Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus,
Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial Derivatives,
Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier series, Vector
identities, Directional derivatives, Line integral, Surface integral,
Volume integral, Stokes’s theorem, Gauss’s theorem, Green’s theorem.
3. Differential equations: First order equations (linear and nonlinear),
Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients,
Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy’s equation, Euler’s
equation, Initial and boundary value problems, Partial Differential
Equations, Method of separation of variables.
4. Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral theorem,
Cauchy’s integral formula, Taylor series, Laurent series, Residue
theorem, Solution integrals.
5. Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability,
Mean, Median, Mode, Standard Deviation, Random variables, Discrete
and Continuous distributions, Poisson distribution, Normal
distribution, Binomial distribution, Correlation analysis, Regression
analysis.
6. Numerical Methods: Solutions of nonlinear algebraic equations, Single
and Multi‐step methods for differential equations.
7. Transform Theory: Fourier Transform, Laplace Transform,
z‐Transform.