Curriculum

S. C. Sahasrabudhe
 Accreditation Criteria-NBA
Crirterion1: Vision, Mission and Programme Educational
Objectives
Criterion2: Program Curriculum
Criterion3: Program Outcomes
Criterion4: Student Performance
Criterion5: Faculty Contributions
Criterion6: Facilities and Technical Support
Criterion7:Continuous Improvement
Criterion 8:First Year Academics
Criterion 9: Student Support systems
Criterion10: Governance, Institutional Support and Financial
Resources
 Role of the two criteria
• Program Curriculum PO
• Program Outcomes
• Curriculum and the Teaching/ Learning
processes are the basis on which the program
is built
• Attainment of POs indicates that the job is well
done
Program Educational Objective-
PEO
Program Educational Objectives
Essentially Answer the Question: Why
does the Program exist in the first
place?

It has to be answered by the

management in Consultation with
all the Stakeholders!
Program Educational Objectives
• The educational objectives of an engineering
degree program are the statements that
describe the expected achievements of
graduates in their career, and also in
particular, what the graduates are expected to
perform and achieve during the first few
years after graduation.
 PEOs are broad statements- Describe the career and
professional accomplishments that the program prepares its
graduates to accomplish.

For example, PEOs of an academic program could read

like this:

•Statement of areas or fields where the graduates find

employment

•Preparedness of graduates to take up higher studie

•Twist*
Qu. Employment Scenario?

Shadow of the IT!

Designing the accreditation
Process
 Accreditation Model …
• Modern Trend: Objectives /Outcomes
(measurable)
• Detailed Evaluation Guidelines – Allows the
Institution to Assess itself (and Change)
• Assesses in a two tier system. One more
suitable for the autonomous, other for the
affiliated
• Infrastructure part plays a much smaller role
NBA’s Accreditation Process
 Based on SAR-
Self Assessment Report
 SAR Structure
• Institutional: Infrastructure, Finance,
Admissions, Governance, Faculty, etc
• Department/Program Related

• Academics: Curriculum, Teaching &

Learning, and Outcomes*
 Accreditation Criteria-
On Which, to make the Judgment
Qu. Who decides the Criteria?
Accreditation Agency?
The Stakeholders?

Ans. The Accreditation Agency

with Stake holder's Interests in
View.
 Accreditation Process Flow
• Institution- Complete the SAR
• Institution- Evaluate yourself and Bridge Gaps
that you find (Leads to Improvements in the
Institution’s Functioning even without…)
• Evaluators- Initial Assessment based on SAR
and Observations thereon
• Visit – Judgments Based on Evidence
 Process Structure (Skeletal)

Program Outcomes/ Assessment and Evaluation

Attainment of Program
(Graduate Profile) Outcomes
(To be achieved)

Revise?

Teaching/Learning: Curriculum, Accredit?

Faculty, Assessment & Evaluation
(Design and implementation component)
 How to make the judgment?

As dictated by the Accreditation Criteria-Slide2

 Curriculum 120
&
Teaching Learning Processes
Tier II
 Curriculum

Curriculum, Assessment and Evaluation are

the major tools by which Program Outcomes
are attained. We should look at all of these
together.
Curriculum- Tier 2 Institution
 Structure of a Typical Engineering
Curriculum

1 Contents of Basic Science, Humanities, and Program

Specific Courses – Core, Elective
2 Content Delivery
3 Laboratory Work
4 Project Work
 For Tier-2 Institutions
Curriculum & Evaluation are by the
University,
So, Institution’s Role here is….
Qu. How to Attain POs
in View of the Given
Curriculum?
 Curriculum- Tier 2-Tasks
• Analyze the University Curriculum
• Determine the Gaps in Attainment of POs
• Design Extra {modules} / {Assessments}
to Bridge these gaps
• Could need a few iterations
• These steps are important. They impact
on what follows.
This analysis should allow us to Answer
the Following Questions :
{Terms to be defined soon}
What are the COs?
Can the POs be Met?
If Not, What are the Gaps?
Participants in Curriculum Review/
Design More True for Tier-1, But …
• Faculty {Team}
• Industry
• Academics from Peer Institutions
{Very Desirable}
• Students and Alumni
• Academic Bodies
 Action Points in Tier-2
• Our analysis may indicate that not all POs are
Attainable with the Given Curriculum.
• May need some additional modules AND
• Design of In-Sem evaluation and assessment
to take care of the gaps.
• A record of all this work is needed.
 Details of Bullets 2 and 3 are to be made
available

• List of All additional modules added

along with the details of contents, and
where these are being offered. etc
•Evaluation {In-Sem. Papers, Tutorials,
typical answer scripts, etc} along with
COs- POs targeted therein.
Some of this detail is needed-
attainment of POs
 Sample sections from SAR:

2.1.1. State the process used to identify compliance of the

University curriculum for attaining the NBA defined ‘12’
Program Outcomes as mentioned in Annexure . Also mention
the identified curricular gaps.

2.1.2. State the delivery details of the content beyond the

syllabus for the attainment of POs
(Provide details of additional course/learning
material/content/laboratory experiments/projects etc.,
arising from the gaps identified in 2.1.1 with the delivery
details)
2.2.2. Initiatives to improve the quality of internal/semester
tests and assignments
For Tier II Institutions, Curriculum Tasks
are largely About Bridging the Gaps
Curriculum Tier I
Here the entire responsibility rests
with the Institutions
 Framework
PEO

Program Outcomes
3

Curriculum &
Course Outcomes
Teaching, Learning 2

1
For Evaluators – Records?
Curriculum Design Flow
• Define PEOs
• Place Starting Design alongside NBA’s
Program Outcomes.
• Can you cover All POs within the
Credit Limit Requirements?
• If Yes, then Sequencing Requirements?
Else,
• In a Few iterations a Solution should
emerge
 Sample Syllabus
Course: Electrical Circuits and Network Theory.
Offered in either 2nd or 3rd semester to students of Electrical
Sciences. Credits: (Typical) 3-1-0. Course is Compulsory.
Course Objective: To prepare a student to take courses normally
offered in subsequent semesters, like: Electronic Circuits, Signals and
Systems, Advanced Electronics, etc.
Syllabus: The circuit concept as an approximation to a physical
system {modeling, Application of laws of physics (PO 1)}.
Kirchoff’s Laws, voltage and current sources, Network equations,
use of source transformations, Loop and Nodal analysis, Matrix
representation of circuit equations and their solutions {Apply
knowledge of mathematics (PO1)} Continued…
Transient response, solution of differential equations with constant
coefficients, initial and final conditions, time constant, its physical
significance, and use in solving engineering problems {PO 2
particularly, switching circuits}. Use of Laplace transform in circuit
analysis {again PO 1}
Two-port networks, two-port parameters {necessary for all the
electronics systems that would follow}, sinusoidal steady state analysis
and frequency response
Use of computers for solving large problems {PO 5}
Text books: 1.Van Valkenburg, Network Analysis, 3rd Edition, PHI.
{For an 8 credit advanced course}
2. V Del Toro, Electrical Engineering Fundamentals, 2nd Edition
{For a 6 credit standard course}
Course Outcomes: PO 1, PO 2, PO 5
Reference: The Mathematics of Circuit Analysis, E.A. Guillemin,
Oxford & IBH
 Curriculum

Teaching/Learning/Assessment/Evaluations
Course Outcomes
Program Outcomes
If True, Done
 Broad Outline

Mathematics, Physics, Basic Engineering Sciences,

Humanities, Communication

Core (Compulsory) Electrical Engineering Courses

{Electives}
Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4

Projects, Internships, Assignments, ..

 Typical Core Composition for EE
• Mathematics – 4/5 courses
• Physics – 3/4 Courses
• Chemistry 1/2
• Biology (?) ≥ 1
• Humanities and Social Sciences 3/4
Maths: Calculus (1/2), Linear Algebra,
Discrete Maths, Complex Variables
Physics: General Physics, Electricity &
Magnetism (Adv), Modern Physics,
BREAK - Lunch
NBA’s Program Outcomes
They are interesting!
 NBA-Program Outcomes
1. Engineering Knowledge,
2. Problem Analysis
3. Design/development of solutions,
4. Conduct investigations of complex Problems,
5. Modern tool usage,
6. The engineer and society,
7. Environment and sustainability,
8. Ethics,
9. Individual and team work,
10. Communication,
11. Project management and finance,
12. Life-long learning
PROGRAM OUTCOMES – PO

• Have to be understood
• Some Difficult to Attain
• Also, Difficult to Assess and .
Evaluate
• We examine all these aspects
Why the NBA’s POs are-
What they are?
 WA – Graduate Attributes and
NBA- Program Outcomes
Washington Accord NBA Program
Attributes Outcomes.
1.Engineering knowledge, Apply 1.Engineering knowledge, Apply the
knowledge of mathematics, science,
knowledge of mathematics, science,
engineering fundamentals, and engg.
engineering fundamentals and an
specialization to the solution of
engineering specialization to the solution
complex engineering problems
of complex engineering problems.
2. Problem Analysis, Identify, 2. Problem Analysis, Identify,
formulate, research literature and formulate, research literature, and
analyze complex engineering problems analyze engineering problems to arrive
reaching substantiated conclusions using at substantiated conclusions using first
first principles of mathematics, natural principles of mathematics, natural, and
sciences and engineering sciences engineering sciences.
Crux of the Matter –
Program Outcomes
What is True for Evaluators is True
for
Authors of SAR
Two Terms- Assessment &
Evaluation
For Evaluators

Assessment
It is one or more processes that identify,
collect, and prepare data to evaluate
the achievement of Program Outcomes
and program educational objectives

Important for both, SAR and the Evaluators

For Evaluators
Evaluation

These are processes for interpreting the data

and evidence accumulated through
assessment practices.
Evaluation determines the extent to which
POs or PEOs are being achieved, and results
in decisions and actions to improve the
program as also for accreditation.
Attainment of PO1 to PO4

Evaluator’s View
 Presentation

Part A : Evaluation Processes

Part B: Evaluation

Part C : Examples
PART A: Evaluation Processes
 Presentation Flow
Meaning and Purpose of POs {slides 60-65}

Determine the set of COs related to POs using

CO-PO Matrix {slide 66}

Analysis of COs {slides 67 & 68}

Attainment of COs & then POs {slides 69-73}

Statements of the POs- From SAR
 PO 1 and PO 2
• PO1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge
of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals,
and engineering. specialization to the solution of
complex engineering problems.
• PO 2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate,
research literature, and analyze engineering problems
to arrive at substantiated conclusions using first
principles of mathematics, natural, and engineering
sciences.
 PO 3 and PO 4
• PO 3 Design/development of solutions: Design
solutions for complex engineering problems and
design system components, processes to meet the
specifications with consideration for the public health
and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental
considerations.
• PO 4. Conduct investigations of complex
problems: Use research-based knowledge including
design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of
data, and synthesis of the information to provide valid
conclusions.
 Why place these four POs in one
Basket?
• The Statements show that one part
{That of (complex) Engineering
Problem CEP} is common to all.
• Though, individually each PO deals
with a different aspect of CEP.
Recognizing this commonality
makes the discussion easier.
CEP- PO1 to PO4 & The Elephant
 Complex Engineering Problem-CEP
1. Problems not the kind generally encountered at
the ends of text book chapters. (These often test if
the contents of the chapter have been understood)
2. These are problems that have not been
completely framed and leave at least a few* choices
for the student to make.
3.Problems may require use of laws of physics, or
bring in some mathematical tools in which the
problem can be framed.
 The different aspects of CEP
• Application of Mathematics and sciences-
PO1
• Identify and Research to Solve – PO 2
• Design and Development of Solutions –
PO 3
• Conducting Investigations and Research
PO 4
 Factors We Examine
• Assessment: { Information and Evidence
for Evaluation of attainment}
• Evaluation: {From the evidence making
judgments on attainment levels}
• We examine both the factors from
procedural and evidence interpretation
aspects
 The First Step
• Towards Assessment: { We recognize that POs
are attained through the COs. So we determine
the corresponding set COs. These COs in turn
lead us to places where we find information
and evidences}
• This step is pictured in the next slide. We will
need the CO-PO matrix for this. It is in the
SAR
Every Course Leads to Some Outcomes. All the courses
must cover the stated list of outcomes. One way of
verifying this to prepare a match matrix as shown below.
In the table below * could also be a number- typically in
(0,1) indicating level of attainment.
Course PO PO 1 PO 2 PO 9
EE 111 * *
EE 212 * *
HS 101 * *
Every Course Leads to Some Outcomes. All the courses
together must cover all the POs (and PSOs). For a
course we map the COs to POs through the CO-PO
matrix shown below. Assume that it is for a course
EE111
CO PO PO 1 PO 2 PO 9
CO 1 * *
CO 2 * *
CO n *
 Mapping from the CO-PO matrix
{from SAR}

PO 1
Set of
PO 2 {COs}
&
PO 3 {Associated
set of
Courses}
PO 4
 Are the COs well defined?
• CO Analysis-
• How well do the CO statements match with the
PO statements?
• Very often a part of a PO is embedded in the
CO.
• Else, we reason on the degree of match.
• contd
Answer to this question could be in terms of
degree of match such as:
(a) Excellent/ 4
(b) Good / 3
(c) Fair /2
(d) Little /1
{To be recorded for all the COs. Examples
follow}
 Assessment Procedure
• Step 1- Collect information from question
papers, assignments, tutorials, answer scripts,
etc
• Step 2- SAR might also furnish projects {mini
and major} and Lab work as evidence towards
attainment
• The two steps together give assessment.
• Step 3: Analysis of questions in examinations
{In-semester for Tier-2}, tutorials, assignments,
etc*. will point to those questions that are devised
to evaluate attainment of COs.
•Step 4: An examination of the relevant answer
scripts along with the extent of relevance of the
questions with the COs will reveal the actual level
of attainment. {Steps 3 and 4 are judged by you
as the domain expert. The CO Attainment levels
need to be determined and recorded in your
notes. Some illustrative examples will follow }
 PO Attainment
• Establish Attainment levels for all the COs
applicable for that course by Inspection of the
evidence available for the purpose.
• Then, as per the CO – PO matrix, created for
the purpose, map these results into PO
attainment levels. { Cumulate}
• Continue this with selected set of courses so
that attainment levels are established for all POs-
PO1-PO4.
 Important Sequence of Steps

CO-OK?, (Match with PO)

Question –OK?

Answers/ Evidence-OK

Then, PO attained
PART – B: Evaluation
Let us look at PO 1
 Why is PO 1 needed?

•Modern Engineering Practice requires a very good

Understanding of Mathematics, Physics, and Basic
Engineering Sciences.

•Such an understanding helps in tackling problems

encountered in professional practice as well as
development tasks that have to be carried out.

•PO 1 essentially proves these abilities.

Our Job as Evaluators is to ascertain
whether
PO 1 has been attained
in the Program
 Illustrative Example
•A Course on Basic Electric Circuits has this as :
CO1 {as per SAR}: Ability to apply laws of Physics
through Modeling of Electro magnetic fields
phenomenon as lumped parameter circuit elements.
{Leads to PO 1}
• In this case the CO-PO matching is very high.
• Search for questions related to this CO {SAR is
also expected to point out such questions.}
• An example of such a question follows
 A Question

R>0>

C1 C2

Capacitors are of the same value, 1F; Initially, C1 is charged to V

volts, and C2 is in a fully discharged state. The switch s closed at
t = 0. Determine the energy dissipated in R at t = infinity
 Let us analyze this question
• Does the question require just memory recall?
NO!
• Can it be solved by direct application of text
book material? NO!
• Does it require you to frame the problem in
appropriate context? YES!
• Apply knowledge ( maths, science) to arrive at
a solution. YES! Laws of conservation of
energy and of electrical charges
 Implication
• The question is: Is the question appropriate for
the CO 1?
• CO1: {as per SAR}: Ability to apply laws of
Physics through Modeling of Electro magnetic
fields phenomenon as lumped parameter
circuit elements.
• Yes, it is indeed.
• Next, we look for attainment.
 Assume that a question is Good, then

• We ask the question: Was the CO attained?

• For that, we look into answer scripts.
• We ask: How many of the students:
• (a) attempted?,
• (b) understood the question?
• (c) solved it correctly?
• (a), (b), and (c) together allow us to answer: How
well the CO was attained. {Please record your
observations and judgment}
 Another Example

Course is Electronic Circuits, CO: Apply Knowledge

engineering specialization to the solution of complex
engineering problems

• Judgment needed:

•(a) Is it a complex problem?{defined in slides63-64}

•(b) Does the solution require knowledge of
engineering specialization?
 Complex Engineering Problem-CEP
1. Problems not the kind generally encountered at
the ends of text book chapters. (These often test if
the contents of the chapter have been understood)
2. These are problems that have not been
completely framed and leave at least a few* choices
for the student to make.
3.Problems may require use of laws of physics, or
bring in some mathematical tools in which the
problem can be framed.
 Tier -1 and Tier-2
For tier 1 , (2) could read as- only skeletal details
provided in the problem, and student is required
make out the rest. Such a problem could require
amongst others defining constraints in terms of
power, cost, weight, life span, different
engineering choices, etc. For such problems,
there are, in all probability multiple valid
solutions.
Difference between Tier-2 and Tier 1, in this
respect, is in the degree of complexity and
numbers
 A question on
Complex Engineering Problem
•Design an amplifier using BJT(s). Given: Signal
source: 500mV (peak to peak), impedance 100K;
Load:1K, Output required 1V (peak to peak)
• Problem does not state:
• (a) What amplifier configuration?
• (b) Reasoning behind the choice
• (c) What would be the typical device
characteristics you visualize, etc
• For Tier -2 such a question could appear in a
home assignment. For Tier-1,it could be design &
build
 Analysis of the question
The question does not state many aspects like:
(i) What amplifier configuration would be good for
the given situation?
(ii) Whether feedback should be applied?
(iii) Answers to these questions require,
“knowledge of engineering specialization
(Electronics)” {PO 1}
(iv) Attainment to be determined as given earlier
 Projects and Assignments
• Projects and Assignments can often lead
to attainment of PO 1 and PO 2
• Assessment: In Project Reports, Project
Labs., and in the associated Marking
Schemes.
• Evaluation will look for the following:
 Evaluation of Projects
• Evaluation of Project Topics
• Method of Allotment (if any)
• Progress Seminars (during project execution)-
Records of these.
• Evaluation of the state of the project in the
final submission {This includes marking
scheme used, level of completion, level of
understanding in a study project, etc}
Some Points for the Institutions
TYPICAL ASSESSMENT TOOL
TYPES:

Direct, Indirect
 Assessment and Evaluation
Qu. What is it that we are trying to assess?
Ans. Have the Graduates qualified for the Profession.
But, we assess the students continually as they progress
through the program!
So, most of the tools used here can be the ones that we
use regularly, like: In-Semester exam, End-Semester
exam, Tutorials, Quizzes, Assignments, and (may be)
some more.
Qu. Then, what has changed?
Ans. What has changed is: Now, we have to make
assessments against the POs that we have declared as
creating the required profile of the Graduate. Thus
Assessment and Evaluation have to address this new
requirement (and that is the Catch).

These new needs influence the constructs of

assessment and evaluation tools so that
claims of COs and POs can be
substantiated. {Critical for Tier-1}
 Typical Assessment Tools
• Mid-Semester and End Semester
Examinations**
• Tutorials*
• Home Assignments*
• Project work- Viva-Voce, Seminars etc.
• Employer/Alumni Feedback
• More
 Attainment of Programme Outcomes
1. Illustrate how course outcomes contribute to the POs
2. Explain how modes of delivery of courses help in
attainment
3. How assessment tools, used to assess the impact of
delivery of course/course content contribute towards the
attainment of course outcomes/program outcomes
4. Extent to which the laboratory and project course work
are contributing towards attainment of the POs
{ This is for the SAR. All the Evidence- that you put on the
Table }
 Evaluation of the attainment of the
Program Outcomes
While writing the SAR

1. Results of evaluation of each PO. (to be recorded)

What are the levels of attainment?

1. How the results of evaluation were used for curricular
improvements?
(Continuous Improvement -- Criterion-7)
To Summarize
 Course Outcomes
• What are these?
• Program Outcome is generally a broad
statement. For example: . Problem analysis: Identify,
formulate, research literature, and analyze engineering
problems to arrive at substantiated conclusions using first
principles of mathematics, natural, and engineering sciences.
• Not all of these may be reachable in a single
course module. A Course Outcome would state
the part that is addressed there. Thus,…
 Relationship:COs and POs

A CO could be embedded in a PO
Thus,
{Course Outcomes} {Program Outcomes}
COs AND POs

The 12 POs

{COs} of module/course
 POs- Working Details
1. Definition and Validation of Course Outcomes and their
mapping to Program Outcomes
2. List all the Course Outcomes (COs), Program Outcomes
(POs), and Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs)
3. List Assessment tools employed for evaluation of level
of attainment for COs (and evidence for this)
4. Establish Attainment Levels for the POs and PSOs
5. Indicate processes employed.
6. {This and the next slide}
BREAK
 An Example of a Project
A Group Project Assignment:- Design a SMPS for 12V, 500 mA

Claimed COs {as per SAR}: Team Work, Advanced Electronic

System Design, Environment, Ethics.
Assessment: Detailed Project Report, Discussion with the Instructor.
Evaluation of Attainment: (scale of 1, 5)
1. Design basically sound and in working condition, attainment 3
2. Report shows EMI/EMC issues taken into account- Environment
attainment 4
3. Report mentions EMI/EMC standards – attainment 5
 Evaluation of PO 2
. PO2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, research literature,
and analyze engineering problems to arrive at substantiated
conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural, and
engineering sciences.

• Key words: Identify, Formulate,

Research Literature, and Analyze
Problems to Reach:
• Substantiated Conclusions
 Key Words
• A Task is assigned
• Identify: Locate where does the problem lie.
• Formulate: Convert the task into an
“Engineering Problem” {with specifications}
• Research Literature: Study material relevant to
the problem.
• Analyze: Draw meaningful conclusions from
the above three.
 Assessment Tools
• As the tasks involved are: Identify, Research
Literature, and Formulate; such problems
would typically be found in: home
assignments, mini or major projects, or
tutorials. {A problem may have one or more of
the above possibilities}
• This PO is about making Informed Choices
using engineering knowledge.
 Evaluator- PO 2
• As the PO is about application of
engineering knowledge,
• Analysis of questions depends very
largely on the domain expertise of the
Evaluator. Both, tasks as well as problem
analysis have to be evaluated for
application of engineering knowledge.
 An Example for PO 2
• Given for a “Home Assignment”
• Task: Determine Specifications for an Audio
amplifier for a dynamic microphone and
output for ‘aux” input of a power amplifier.
• One needs to study material (often an
appropriate handbook) to figure out
meaningful specifications.
• Such an activity would cover most aspects of
PO 2
 PO-3
PO 3 Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for
complex engineering problems {societal impact}

• PO-3 examines, if during any design /

development tasks issues of its impact on
society are addressed?
• Issues could be any of: public health and
safety, and the cultural, societal, and
environmental considerations.
• Evidence of one or more of these is to be
evaluated
 Accumulation 
• A PO can have contributions from many COs
• Assuming these are in the range of either (0,1)
or (0,4); how to calculate the resultant
attainment level?
• One good possibility appears to be max{li}
• No averaging process will work well here.
For Evaluators

The Visit is about collecting Evidence,

Examining it, making Observations on it, and
Finally Drawing conclusions from it!
Break
 Thanks
Have a Great Day
Extra Slides
Program Outcomes- Details
1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of
mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals, and engg.
specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.
2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, research literature, and
analyze engineering problems to arrive at substantiated conclusions
using first principles of mathematics, natural, and engineering
sciences.
3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for
complex engineering problems and design system components,
processes to meet the specifications with consideration for the
public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and
environmental considerations.
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use
research-based knowledge including design of experiments,
analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information
to provide valid conclusions.
5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate
techniques, resources, and modern engineering and IT tools
including prediction and modeling to complex engineering
activities with an understanding of the limitations.
6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the
contextual knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal, and
cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the
professional engineering practice.
7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of
the professional engineering solutions in societal and
environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and
need for sustainable development.
8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics
and responsibilities and norms of the engineering practice.
9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an
individual, and as a member or leader in teams, and in
multidisciplinary settings.
10. Communication: Communicate effectively with the
engineering community and with society at large. Be able to
comprehend and write effective reports documentation. Make
effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge
and understanding of engineering and management principles and
apply these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team.
Manage projects in multidisciplinary environments.
12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the
preparation and ability to engage in independent and life-long
learning in the broadest context of technological change.
 Some Sample Program Outcomes
• Engineering knowledge: Apply the
knowledge of mathematics, science,
engineering fundamentals, and engg.
specialization to the solution of complex
engineering problems?
 Examples

Problems that can not be solved by just

direct application of techniques and
theorems taught in the course. (Different
from most problems at the end of chapters in
a typical text book that allow more or less
simple and direct approach).
Problems that may or may not have a unique
solution. For example, a design problem can
be solved in many ways and leads to different
solutions.
Could require the students to define
appropriate constraints/ requirements not
explicitly mentioned in the problem statement
(like: cost, power requirement, life span etc).
There would be a need for the problem to be
defined in an appropriate mathematical
framework (taking into account any physics
required).
In a design problem there would be a need for
use of a modern computational tool. For
example, in the design of an antenna or a
DSP filter.
PO 2: Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, research literature,
and analyze engineering problems to arrive at substantiated conclusions using
first principles of mathematics, natural, and engineering sciences.

• In engineering practice one would be given only a

statement on – “What is the Problem” or “How it
manifests itself”
• Like- “The engine vibrations are very high” and no
other clue.
• You have to figure out- How vibrations are
examined, measured, sources detected and so on.
• Text book problems lay out the whole framework for
you.
 An Example
A Group Project Assignment:- Design a SMPS for 12V, 500 mA
Claimed Course Outcomes: Team Work, Advanced Electronic
System Design, Environment, Ethics.
Assessment: Detailed Project Report, Discussion with the Instructor.
Evaluation of Attainment: (scale of 1, 5)
1. Design basically sound and in working condition, attainment 3
2. Report shows EMI/EMC issues taken into account- Environment
attainment 4
3. Report mentions EMI/EMC standards – attainment 5
 Illustrative Example- PO1
• Assessment- Direct
• Evidence through analysis of: Exam questions,
Tutorials, Assignments,…
• List all the COs for the course
• Look* for questions that allow assessment of any
of COs. {examine extent of relevance}
• % of students who answered correctly.- This
establishes level of attainment of those COs.
• Continued…
 How to analyze questions?
• Does the question require just memory recall?
• Can be solved by direct application of text
book material?
• It requires you to frame the problem in
appropriate context?
• Apply knowledge (engineering, maths,
science) to arrive at a solution.
 Capability to apply Mathematics,
Physics to Engineering Problems
• Do the questions require students to apply
mathematical methods to answer the question?
• Or, is he required to show an understanding of
laws of physics- conservation of energy,
electric charges, balance of forces, magnetic
induction, etc; to solve the problem
• Such a CO would (If it’s attainment is
established} lead to attainment of PO 1.
 One More

R>0>

C1 C2

Capacitors are of the same value, 1F; and is charged to V volts.

C2 is fully discharged state. The switch s closed at t = 0.
Determine the energy dissipated in R at t = infinity
 Next Step
• Establish Attainment levels for all the COs
applicable for that course. Inspect the evidence
available for the purpose.
• Then, as per the CO – PO matrix, created for
the purpose, map these results into PO
attainment levels.
• Continue this with selected set of courses so
that all the POs (and PSOs) are attained
 For Evaluators
1. It may not be possible to do such an exercise for every
course.
2. A subset of courses that would cover ALL the Program
Outcome could be selected.
3. As can be seen from the examples, there is evidence on
record for all the outcomes claimed.
4. Evaluators Report will typically record these findings
If attainment Levels for ALL POs are
fine You are Through!
 For Evaluators
1. It may not be possible to do such an exercise for every
course.
2. A subset of courses that would cover ALL the Program
Outcome could be selected.
3. As can be seen from the examples, there is evidence on
record for all the outcomes claimed.
4. Evaluators Report will typically record these findings