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Unit-6: Ultrasonic Thickness Gauging (Utg / Utm)

An ultrasonic thickness gauge uses pulse-echo principles to measure the thickness of materials. It works by sending an ultrasonic pulse into the material and measuring the transit time for its echo return. The thickness is calculated using the formula T=V*t/2, where T is thickness, V is the material's ultrasonic wave velocity, and t is the transit time. Such gauges can measure thicknesses from 1mm to 300mm in metals, plastics, ceramics, and other materials, and are commonly used to assess corrosion thinning in vessels, pipes, tanks, and other structures.

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565 views4 pages

Unit-6: Ultrasonic Thickness Gauging (Utg / Utm)

An ultrasonic thickness gauge uses pulse-echo principles to measure the thickness of materials. It works by sending an ultrasonic pulse into the material and measuring the transit time for its echo return. The thickness is calculated using the formula T=V*t/2, where T is thickness, V is the material's ultrasonic wave velocity, and t is the transit time. Such gauges can measure thicknesses from 1mm to 300mm in metals, plastics, ceramics, and other materials, and are commonly used to assess corrosion thinning in vessels, pipes, tanks, and other structures.

Uploaded by

Vivekanandan J
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Unit- 6

ULTRASONIC THICKNESS GAUGING (UTG / UTM)

1. INTRODUCTION:

An Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge is a “Transit Time Measuring Device”.

Used to find the thickness of a material.

2. PRINCIPLE:

Pulse-Echo principle

How it works?

T/R Probe (Dual Element)

3. FORMULA: T=V*t/2

Where,

V  Velocity

t  Transit time ( Time measured for one to & fro distance).


4. TEMPERATURE LIMIT:

Below 93 degree Celsius (200 Fahrenheit)

5. TESTING RANGE:

1mm to 300 mm

6. AREA OF APPLICATION:

 Metals, plastics, ceramics, glass (or) virtually any other materials which

satisfactorily conduct ULTRASOUND.

 A major application of this gauge is for assessing wall thinning due to

corrosion & erosion.

7. SOME TYPICAL APPLICATION:

1. Heat Exchanger Tubing

2. Pressure Vessels

3. Casting

4. Forging

5. Boilers

6. Pipe/Tubing

7. Storage Tanks

8. Steam lines
9. Equipment :

Modsonic Einsten -1

10.Gauging/Measuring Techniques

1. Clean Surface:

Before to gauging, always remove any dirt, loose scale, corrosion,

Particles or other foreign substance from the material surface.

2. For Excessive Surface Roughness or Grooved Surface:

For very rough surface or grooved surface high viscosity couplant like
grease is recommended.

3. Couplant :( For Smooth Surface)

For smooth surface suitable couplant is machine oil or even water is sufficient.

9. CALIBRATION BLOCK

STEP WEDGE BLOCK (1-10 MM)


10. PROBE SPECIFICATION:

RANGE (IN STEEL)

FREQ CONTACT
PROBE ACCURACY APPLICATION
MHZ FACE DIA
FLAT CYLINDRICAL
SURFACE SURFACE

2 to 25mm Small dia


DT
10 6.5mm 1 to 25mm with OD 0.1 mm tubes ,thin
212
25mm & more plates etc..
General
2 to 200mm 0.1mm upto purpose,ideal
DT
5 12.5mm 2 to 200mm with OD- 60mm0.5m for
201
45mm & more m>60mm tube,vessels,
plates.
5 to 300mm 0.3mm upto
Attenuative
DT with OD- 50mm 1%
2 22.5mm 5 to 300mm material like
203 100mm & above
casting etc
more 50mm

Advantage:

● Does not require access to both side of the sample.

● Good accuracy (0.1mm & less) can be achieved.

● Digital UTM gives direct thickness on display.

12. Disadvantage:

● Usually requires calibration for each material.

● Requires good contact with the material.

● Requires couplant material b/w measured surfacae of the probe.

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