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T6 Prob

This document contains 9 questions regarding probability concepts and calculations. Question 1 involves calculating probabilities of dice rolls and coin flips. Question 2 involves calculating probabilities of random numbers between 1-30 having certain properties. Subsequent questions involve calculating probabilities for scenarios involving machines, applicants, commuting, and more. The answers provided give the probability calculations for each part of each question.

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81 views3 pages

T6 Prob

This document contains 9 questions regarding probability concepts and calculations. Question 1 involves calculating probabilities of dice rolls and coin flips. Question 2 involves calculating probabilities of random numbers between 1-30 having certain properties. Subsequent questions involve calculating probabilities for scenarios involving machines, applicants, commuting, and more. The answers provided give the probability calculations for each part of each question.

Uploaded by

Anusia Thevendaran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BAMS1424 Basic Statistical Methods for Scientific Analysis

Tutorial 6

Q. 1 (a) What is the probability of throwing a dice with a number greater than
4?
(b) What is the probability of throwing a total of 7 in a single throw of 2 dice?
(c) If two coins be tossed simultaneously, what is the chance that the result will be
two heads? Two tails? One head and one tail?

Q. 2 A number is randomly chosen from {1,2,3, , 30}. Find the probability that the
number is
(a) odd;
(b) a multiple of 3;
(c) odd and a multiple of 3;
(d) odd or a multiple of 3;
(e) neither odd nor a multiple of 3.

Q. 3 The probability that machine A will be performing usefully in five years’ time is 1/4
while the probability that machine B will still be operating usefully at the end of the
same period is 1/3. Find the probability that in five years’ time:-

(a) both machines will be operating;


(b) neither will be operating;
(c) only machine B will be operating;
(d) at least one of the machines will be operating.

Q.4 Your company decides to invite tenders for the supply of equipment for new office.
The company divides the equipment into three groups. Group A is office furniture (desks,
chairs etc). Group B is information technology (word processors, computers etc).
Group C is other equipment (filling cabinets, waste paper baskets etc).

26 firms tender for group A, 17 tender for group B and 20 tender for group C. Of
these firms, 5 tender for both group A and B but not C, 4 tender for both B and C but
not A, 2 tender for A and C but not B. 3 firms tender for all three groups.

(a) How many firms tendered for one or more groups?


(b) How many firms tendered for one group only?
(c) One of the firms that tendered for all three groups consider that the probability
that it will secure tender A is 0.2, tender B is 0.3 and tender C is 0.1, find the
probability that the firm
(i) will obtain all 3 contracts;
(ii) will obtain only one contract.

Q. 5 A study on pain in an intensive care unit (ICU) and on a surgical unit (SU) gave the
following information:-

Gender ICU SU____


Female 9 6
Male 11 18_____

One of these participants is randomly selected.


(a) Are the events “being female” and “being in the ICU”
(i) mutually exclusive? Explain.
(ii) Independent? Justified your answer.

(b) Find (i) P(ICU and female) (ii) P(ICU or female)

(iii) P(not ICU or female) (iv) P[ not (ICU or female)]

c (c) Draw the Venn diagram and show the probabilities in each part of (b).

(d) Find (i) P( female / ICU) (ii) P(ICU / female)

Q.6 Twenty items, 12 of which are defective and 8 non-defective are inspected one after
the
other without replacement. If these items are chosen at random, what is the probability
that:-
(a) the first two items inspected are defective?
(b) the first two items inspected are non-defective?
(c) among the first 2 items inspected, there is one defective and one non-defective?

Q.7 A large company normally recruits 20 chemists per year. In 1998, 90 applications were
received and of these 63 had previous work experience; 36 had passed the professional
examination and 27 had both work experience and had passed the professional
examination.
(a) Prepare a Venn diagram to illustrate the above;
(b) What is the probability that an applicant taken at random,
(i) had work experience or had passed the professional examination or had
both.
(ii) had either work experience, or has passed the professional examination,
but not both.
(c) Given that the applicant must have had work experience, determine the
condition probability that an applicant taken at random from this group will
have passed the professional examination.
(d) Given that the 20 selected new recruits comprised 6 women and 14 men, if 3 of
the new recruits were chosen at random for a particular projects , find the
probability that they would all be male.

Q.8 Syarikat Pernama Sdn. Bhd. uses three machines I, II and III to produce 60%, 30%
and 10% of the total output required by the company. The percentage of defective
output from these machines are 3%, 4% and 5% respectively.
(a) If an item is selected at random from machine I, what is the probability that it
is defective ?
(b) If an item is selected at random, find the probability that the item is defective.
(c) Suppose an item is selected at random and is found to be defective. Find the
probabilities that the item was produced by machines I, II and III
respectively ?

Q.9 A commuter owns two cars , a compact and a standard models. About ¾ of the time
he uses the compact car to travel to work and about ¼ of the time the standard car is
used. When he uses the compact, he usually gets home by 5.30 p.m. about 75% of the
time, if he uses the standard car he gets home by 5.30 p.m. about 60% of the time. If
he gets home at 5.30 p.m., what is the probability that he used the compact car?

Answers

Q.1 (a) 1/3 (b) 1/6 (c) ¼, ¼, ½


Q.2 (a) ½ (b) 1/3 (c) 1/6 (d) 2/3 (e) 1/3
Q.3 (a) 1/12 (b) ½ (c) ¼ (d) ½
Q.4 (a) 46 (b) 32 (c) (i) 0.006 (ii) 0.398
Q.5 (b) (i) 0.2045 (ii) 0.5909 (iii) 0.75 (iv) 0.4091
(d) (i) 0.45 (ii) 0.6
Q.6 (a) 33/95 (b) 14/95 (c) 48/95
Q.7 (b) (i) 0.8 (ii) 0.5
(c) 0.4286 (d) 0.3193
Q.8 (a) 0.03 (b) 0.035 (c) 0.5143, 0.3428, 0.1428
Q.9 0.7894

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