Heavy Duty

Side Entry Mixers

Technical Manual
Plenty High Efficiency, Heavy Duty
Side Entry Mixers for the optimum in
tank farm agitation
Plenty have been associated with quality engineering Plenty side entry mixers have always set the industry
since the year 1790 when the founder William Plenty international standard and the Heavy Duty High Effi
established the company to manufacture ploughs and ciency range of side entry mixers is no exception. They
agricultural equipment for the local farming community. will out perform any other mixer on the market simply by
virtue of their technically advanced design, in particular
From this humble beginning over 200 years ago, Plenty's
their high effi ciency, true helical pitch one piece 'cast'
engineering successes have progressed from the
impeller incorporating high blade area and forward rake
development of this late eighteenth century plough to
which was developed by Plenty.
some of the most sophisticated processing equipment.

Over recent years Plenty have undergone several

organisational changes and in September 2001 they ATEX - ATmospheres EXplosive
were acquired by the SPX Corporation. This is the European Directive which defi nes safety
standards for equipment to be used in potentially
Plenty Mixers now forms part of the SPX Process
explosive atmospheres. Compliance is mandatory for all EU
Equipment within the Fluid technology division.
areas after 1st July 2006. All Plenty Side Entry mixers can
SPX Process Equipment is comprised of Bran+Luebbe
be supplied to comply with this directive in category 2 & 3
(pumps, systems and analyzers), Lightnin (mixers),
Areas. If the Gas Group IIA is specifi ed the belt drive mixer
Waukesha Cherry-Burrell (pumps), Plenty Mirrlees
is fi tted with the standard GRP belt cover, however if Group
Pumps (screw/vane pumps) and Premier Mill (milling,
IIB gases are present then the mixer is supplied fi tted with
mixing and dispersing equipment).
an ATEX approved belt cover. This requirement should be
Backed by over 50 years operating experience and with a included in the original enquiry.
reference list of successful site installations that is second to
Retrospective compliance certifi cation service for
none, Plenty are acknowledged to be the market leaders in
existing installations (Atex 137) is available. In all cases
the fi eld of side entry mixing technology for the oil and
contact your Plenty Mixer sales contact for further details
petrochemical industries, having supplied literally thousands
of units world wide to numerous major oil companies in over
60 countries scattered around the globe.

Index
Plenty High Efficiency, Heavy Duty Side Entry Mixers for the optimum in tank farm agitation........................................2
Plenty HIgh Efficiency Side Entry Mixers........................................................................................................................3
Unique Side Entry Mixers Tank Shut-off Device..............................................................................................................5
Side Entry Mixer Types................................................................................................................................................... 6
Fixed Angle Heavy Duty Belt Driven............................................................................................................................... 8
Technical Data: Fixed Angle Belt Drive........................................................................................................................... 9
Swivel Angle Heavy Duty Belt Driven............................................................................................................................10
Technical Data: Swivel Angle Belt Drive........................................................................................................................11
Fixed Angle Heavy Duty Gear Driven........................................................................................................................... 12
Technical Data: Fixed Angle Belt Drive......................................................................................................................... 13
Swivel Angle Heavy Duty Gear Driven..........................................................................................................................14
Technical Data: Swivel Angle Belt Drive........................................................................................................................15
Criteria for Side Entry Mixer tank agitation....................................................................................................................16
Recommended Mixer Orientations................................................................................................................................18
Tank Mounting Details...................................................................................................................................................19
Process Operation Details............................................................................................................................................ 20
Mounting Flange Details............................................................................................................................................... 21
Recommended cut out dimensions of floating roof tanks fitted with Fixed Angle mixers..............................................22
Typical Site References................................................................................................................................................24

2
Plenty High Efficiency Side Entry Mixers
Why Side Entry Tank Mixers? Belt Driven Units
The Plenty Side Entry mixer is the most efficient These are flexible powergrip high torque drive (HTD)
converter of energy into fluid motion. Unlike jet mixer reinforced antistatic tooth belts for longer life with a minimum
systems, they do not suffer significant energy losses at service factor of 1.5. The whole transmission is enclosed in a
the pump, in the pipework, in the bends, or most weatherproof, non-sparking guard with internal surfaces
significantly, at the jet nozzles. Also, capital costs are coated with a fire resistant resin. Bearings are hermetically
lower and access to intank components is not restricted, sealed for life, fully grease packed, with life ratings ISO and
while the problem of frequent, urgent maintenance on ANSI in excess of 47,000 hours.
tanks that must be emptied and cleaned, is eliminated.
Side Entry mixers are also more efficient than top entry
mixers, and are significantly less expensive for larger
diameter tanks. Side Entry mixers are ideal for use on
tanks with floating roofs where practical considerations
preclude the use of top entry mixers.
A properly selected side entry mixer, complete with
a reliable shut off device and high efficiency impeller
out performs all other mixing devices.
Tooth Belt Mixers
Standard Range
■ 2-55 kW
■ 356-838 mm (14-33 inches) diameter impellers
■ Belt and Gear Drive
■ Fixed and Swivel Angle
Gear Driven Units
Utilise high efficiency case hardened spiral bevel gears to
These four variables form the comprehensive standard
AGMA Class 2 having a minimum service factor of 1.5 for
range. In every case the design concept has been to
longer life. The gearbox may be removed as a unit for shop
provide units suitable for long and continous operation maintenance without disturbing motor mounting alignment or
under arduous site conditions with minimum maintenance. moving coupling halves. The Plenty gearbox achieves
positive splash oil lubrication to all rotating components,
effects low noise emission and maximum heat dissipation.
Model Designation
There is no danger of lubrication failures and over heating
All Plenty Side Entry mixers have designated
which can occur with pump circulation systems. All bearings
model numbers inline with the following example:
are open cage type with life ratings ISO and ANSI in excess
of 44,000 hours.
30 P - 70 -S TM - 30
Standard Materials of Construction
■
Impeller Diameter Motor Rating Impeller Cast Iron
■
(inches) (kW) Shaft Carbon Steel
■
Shaft diameter (mm) Mounting flange Carbon Steel
TM = Tooth Belt Drive
SM = Gear Drive
Special materials such as stainless steel wetted parts or
other exotic materials, etc may be provided to suit
No Letter = Fixed Angle individual requirements.
S = Swivel Angle

Gear Drive Mixers

3
Standard Design Features
All Plenty Side Entry Mixers incorporate the following:

Impeller Bearings
The high efficiency true helical pitch impeller with In every case the units are designed and manufactured
foward rake was originally developed by Plenty for Side to require minimum maintenance. The mixer bearings in
Entry mixers. particular have been engineered to provide long life and
Years of research in the field of liquid dynamics have been have minimum B.10 lives as shown in fig.2. The figures
rewarded by a technically advanced design of impeller, are those of lowest life bearing - other bearings have
having a large blade area that provides the optimum greater B.10 lives.
cavitation free suction conditions promoting maximum
pumping rate and entrainment for any installed power. Each
impeller is accurately cast as a one-piece component, thus
eliminating the setting variances and welding problems often
present with alternative fabricated designs. Rigid inspections Gear Driven Mixer
of pitch uniformity and balancing ensures minimal vibration The bearings of the gear driven units are all open
and optimum pumping efficiency. caged type including the input pinion gear support
bearings. All these bearings are splash oil mist
lubricated via lubrication channels in the gearcase.
Advanced Impeller Design

Belt Driven Mixer

The bearings of the belt driven units are all prepacked with
grease and "sealed for life" i.e. do not require regreasing.
Note: All information given in fig.2 on bearing life is based
on the fact that 90% of a large group of identical bearings
can be expected to attain or exceed the life stated. This is
called the basic rating life and conforms with both ANSI
and ISO standards. The majority of bearings attain a much
longer life than this; the median life is approximately five
times the calculated basic rating life.

Shaft
The shaft has been designed to minimize misalignment,
■ High Pumping ■ High Thrust deflection and vibration which all affect the mechanical seal
■ Minimum Power Draw ■ No Cavitation and bearing life. It is a one-piece component with no
■ Solid Reliability intermediate couplings and is ground between centres
at the bearing and seal areas. All shafts are engineering
hard-chrome plated in seal and shut-off areas. The range
Impeller Fixing of Plenty mixers has been designed for heavy duty
operation and the large diameter shafts have a first critical
Positive fixing and driving of the impeller on the shaft
speed of at least 250% of the operating speed as shown in
is achieved by the use of taper to taper, side fitting key
fig.1. The shaft is supported by heavy duty antifriction
and retaining bolt.
bearings, outboard of tank product, making maintenance
easier and allowing the performance to be monitored.

1st Critical Speed ISO/ANSI Bearing Life

Tooth Belt Unit Gear Driven Unit Tooth Belt Unit Gear Driven Unit
Model Model
(T-Belt) RPM Model RPM (T-Belt) Hours Model Hours
TM 2 1489 SM 2 1647 TM 2 1,948,000 SM 2 422,000
TM 4 1285 SM 4 1296 TM 4 564,000 SM 4 128,000
TM 5 1170 SM 5 1266 TM 5 537,000 SM 5 66,000
TM 7 1123 SM 7 1238 TM 7 173,000 SM 7 45,000
(S) TM 11 1619 (S) SM 11 1880 (S) TM 11 157,000 (S) SM 11 144,000
(S) TM 15 1489 (S) SM 15 1725 (S) TM 15 93,000 (S) SM 15 81,000
(S) TM 18 1385 (S) SM 18 1320 (S) TM 18 51,000 (S) SM 18 48,000
(S) TM 22 1243 (S) SM 22 1213 (S) TM 22 91,000 (S) SM 22 221,000
(S) TM 30 1218 (S) SM 30 1179 (S) TM 30 63,000 (S) SM 30 84,000
(S) TM 37 1180 (S) SM 37 1142 (S) TM 37 47,000 (S) SM 37 44,000
(S) TM 45 1147 (S) SM 45 1110 (S) TM 45 60,000 (S) SM 45 85,000
(S) TM 55 1118 (S) SM 55 1089 fig.1 47,000 (S) SM 55 56,000 fig.2
(S) TM 55

4
Unique Side Entry Mixer
Tank Shut-off Device

fig. 3

Tank Shut-Off Mechanism valve for ensuring that the shut-off is bush outboard of the mechanical
All units incorporate a tank shut-off 100% effective before removal of seal to restrict leakage rate of tank
device to allow the shaft seal and any bearings or mechanical seal. media in the event of ultimate seal
bearings to be changed under full The Plenty shut-off mechanism offers failure. A safety check valve is fitted
tank conditions. (See fig. 3, 4 & 5). complete safety and security as it does for venting the seal chamber to
The tank shut-off mechanism not incorporate any flexible ‘O’ rings or ensure that it is completely filled with
incorporates tapered metal to metal gaskets which deform wear or perish. liquid prior to start-up as well as to
faces, positively clamped by a bolted check that the shut-off device is
flange which both seals products in Mechanical Seal 100% effective. (See fig. 3, 4 & 5).
the tank and securely supports the The mechanical seal was developed in
shaft during bearing and/or shaft seal conjunction with a leading manufac- Alternative Seal Arrangements
changes. All tapered faces are wear turer for use in the Petrochemical field ■ Stuffing Box
and corrosion resistant. on fluids from asphalt to xylene. The ■ Double Mechanical Seal
The most important aspect of the mechanical seal is completely ■ Cartridge
Plenty mechanical seal assembly is enclosed inside a housing which is ■ High Temperature Sealing Units
that it incorporates a safety check fitted with a close clearance throttle

fig. 4 fig. 5

5
Side Entry Mixer Types
Fixed Angle
Mounting Support Slings
Normally used in blending applications, maintaining
All Mixers can be installed without support slings, but in view
homogeneity, aiding heat transfer or to maintain
of the already highly stressed condition of large tanks in
temperature uniformity. All these applications demand
particular, we recommend that all mixers over 700 kg (all 70
complete top to bottom turnover and for this purpose
mixers are permanently installed at an angle of 10° to the &85mm units) are fitted with support slings to dissipate
left of the tank axis. the load over as large an area as possible. The standard
support slings incorporate variable load settings to
Swivel Angle accommodate tank shell movement during filling and
Swivel Angle mixers incorporate a feature which allows the emptying. (See fig. 8).
mixer angle of entry to be varied through 30° either side of
the tank centreline in 10° increments and enables the entire
tank floor to be directly scoured by the impeller flow stream.
This is the only satisfactory solution to B.S. & W. control in
large tanks and ensures that the heavy solids, water and
corrosive salts which settle in areas least agitated by a
permanently fixed mixer are maintained in suspension.

The mixer module is supported in two hinge bearings which

ensure ease of manual angle changing and the swivel seal is fig.8: Mechanical Actuator on Gear Mixer
effected by a stainless steel spherical ball (See fig. 6 & 7). As
an alternative to this manual facility, an automatic swivel
Castor Support
actuator can be supplied as an optional extra. A castor support is available for Fixed- and Swivel
Angle Mixers as an alternative to support slings. (See
fig.9). This serves the same purpose as the mounting
support slings and can be used where welding support
sling brackets to the tank shell are impractical.

fig.9: Castor Support on Belt Mixer

Coupling - Gear Driven Unit

The standard unit incorporates a flexible non-lubricated
fig.6: Swivel Ball coupling utilising a double stainless steel membrane pack
specifically designed for oil refinery service. The membrane
pack facilitates removal of the gearbox without disturbing
electric motor alignment. The coupling is totally enclosed by a
fully sparkproof and corrosion resistant guard. (See fig.10).

fig.7: Swivel Angle Components

fig.10: Gear Mixer Coupling

6
Gearbox Lubrication System
The Plenty gearbox achieves positive lubrication to all
rotating components, effects low noise emission and
maximum heat dissipation from the lubricating oil. The oil
reservoir capacity is designed such that the gearwheel ‘picks
up’ oil, providing the necessary meshing oil film at the pinion
and displacing ‘oil mist’ up the lubrication channel to the top
pinion bearings. The oil then floods downwards through the
bearings into the pinion/wheel meshing.
Each gearcase has a magnetic plug fitted to remove
any foreign metallic particles that may be present. Oil
level windows are fitted as standard.

Plenty Automatic Actuator

The Automatic Swivel Actuator developed by Plenty has been

specifically designed to be supplied either fitted to a new mixer
or to be retro-fitted to swivel angle mixers already installed on
site. There is no need to remove the mixer from the tank. A
belt drive from the mixer shaft, connected by the actuator
linkage arms to the swivel coverplate ensures that the swivel
actuator mechanism is in continuous use whenever the mixer
is running. The actuator swivels the mi-xer from 30 degrees
left to 30 degrees right, and back again, in approximately 9
hours when operating. Automatic Swivel Actuators eliminate
the need for manual change,
freeing personnel for other duties, whilst ensuring more
efficient cleaning of the tanks. Plenty have found that
often, the angle of the mixers is not changed manually
and this results in sludge build up in tanks. No special
tools are required. Fitting and maintenance is carried out
with standard tools.

Automatic Actuator with Cover

Optional Design Features Quality Control

■ Seal leakage detector Each mixer is subject to rigorous quality control checks
■ Bearing probe wear monitoring unit throughout the various stages of manufacture and to a
■ Special mechanical seals standard works no load running test. Witnessed testing
■ Hand operated swivel actuator is possible by prior arrangement.
■ Automatic swivel actuator
■ Vibration detectors

Spare Parts and Interchangeability Process Guarantee

The number of spare parts which a refinery needs to stock All Plenty Mixers carry a process guarantee, provided :
are considerably reduced by the component standardisation 1. ALL process details are supplied with the
inherent in each design. i.e. For each type of transmission enquiry and the expectation of the process is
only 4 different mechanical seals or sets of bearings are used
provided before the selection is made.
from 2.2 to 55 kW. A comprehensive stock of standard 2. The requirement for the process guarantee
components is held at our works providing a guaranteed is declared at time of enquiry.
supply in the event of a breakdown. 3. The mixers are installed, operated and maintained
according to the SPX – Plenty Installation,
Operations and Maintenance Manual.

7
Fixed Angle Heavy Duty Belt Driven

Specification Model TM
Driven by a horizontal foot mounted is available for all ATEX approval A close clearance throttle bush is fitted
motor fitted above the main mixer needs. Drive service factor is 1.5 outboard of the mechanical seal to limit
frame on a steel mounting plate with minimum. The main mixer frame is a the leakage rate in the event of
a hinged adjustment for correct belt rigid one piece casting spigot located catastrophic seal failure. Optional tank
tensioning. Hinge pins and adjusting to the steel mounting flange and adaptor flanges can be supplied to suit
screws etc. are cadmium plated to incorporating pre-lubricated sealed for all tank manhole/nozzle fixings. The
protect against atmospheric life hermetically sealed shaft bearings mixer shaft is hard chromed in the
corrosion. The motor and mixer shafts having a minimum B.10 life of 47,000 shaft seal and shut off area and fitted
are connected by a Fire Resistant Anti hours. The mounting flange with a one piece cast, three bladed,
Static (FRAS) High Torque Drive (HTD) incorporates a single mechanical seal high efficiency, special pitch impeller,
Tooth Belt adequately sized to with a corrosion and wear resistant balanced and keyed in position.
transmit motor power. The pulleys have tank shut off device permitting seal
taperlock bushes for ease of removal and bearing replacement under full
and are enclosed in a sparkproof and tank conditions.
weatherproof guard. A standard guard

8
Technical Data: Fixed Angle Belt Drive

Note
Variable spring loaded support
slings recommended for 70mm
and 85mm mixers

E NB ANSI 150RF
H

A dia
Optional tank
adaptor flange

min (6’’)
C B (max) J
150mm

Tank Floor

Shaft DIA: AT SEAL. 45 mm 60 mm 70 mm 85 mm

Drive kW To suit Specific Process Conditions

*Nominal RPM 431 440 406 409

A (Dia) To suit Specific Process Conditions

B mm / ins 705 / 273/4 860 / 333/4 1105 / 431/2 1180 /461/2
C mm / ins 460 / 22 680 / 263/4 860 / 34 960 /373/4
E (Bore) mm / ins 203 / 8 203 / 8 254 / 10 254 /10
H mm / ins 600 / 233/4 910 / 36 1160 / 453/4 1245 /49
J mm / ins 380 / 15 575 / 223/4 725 / 281/2 725 /281/2

* Based on 50Hz motors

Dimensions are approximate only and certified drawings will be supplied at time of order.

9
Swivel Angle Heavy Duty Belt Driven

Specification Model STM

Driven by a horizontal foot mounted motor which is fitted Solosele which is adjustable to prevent leakage when
above the main mixer frame on a steel mounting plate with the mixer is swivelled in a horizontal plane through
hinged adjustment for correct belt tensioning. Hinge pins and 60 deg. (30 deg either side of centre). The mixer is
adjusting screws are cadmium plated to protect against supported by robust hinge pins and is provided with
atmospheric corrosion. The motor and mixer shafts are a positive clamping arrangement for locking the
connected by a Fire Resistant Anti Static (FRAS) High Torque mixer in positions of 10 deg. intervals. The Plenty
Drive (HTD) Tooth Belt adequately sized to transmit automatic actuators can be fitted to this range.
motor power. The pulleys have taperlock bushes for ease
of removal and are enclosed in a sparkproof and The mounting flange incorporates a single mechanical seal
weatherproof guard. A standard guard is available for all with a corrosion and wear resistant tank shut off device
ATEX approval needs. Drive service factor 1.5 minimum. permitting seal and bearing replacement under full tank
The main mixer frame is a rigid one piece casting spigot conditions.The seal also has a close clearance throttle bush
located to the steel mounting flange and incorporating pre- outboard of the mechanical seal to limit the leakage rate in
lubricated sealed for life hermetically sealed shaft bearings the event of catastrophic seal failure. The mixer shaft is hard
having a minimum B.10 life of 47,000 hours. chromed in the shaft seal and shut off area and fitted with a
one piece cast three bladed, high efficiency, special pitch
The mixer frame is also spigot located to a swivel assembly impeller, balanced and keyed in position.
which is flanged to suit the tank manway/nozzle. This swivel
assembly comprises a stainless steel polished spherical ball
integral with the mixer mounting flange and sealed by a Viton

10
Technical Data: Swivel Angle Belt Drive

Note
82,0 Variable spring loaded support
slings recommended for 70mm
and 85mm mixers
Flanged to suit customers

76,0 Mainway/ Nozzle

H

A dia
mimimum
B (MAX)

C J
150

Tank Floor

Shaft DIA: AT SEAL. 60 mm 70 mm 85 mm

Drive kW To suit Specific Process Conditions

*Nominal RPM 440 406 409

A (Dia) To suit Specific Process Conditions

B mm / ins 706 / 271/2 850 / 331/2 925 / 361/2
C mm / ins 935 / 37 1110 / 433/4 1210 / 471/2
H mm / ins 910 / 36 1160 / 453/4 1245 / 49
J mm / ins 575 / 223/4 725 / 281/2 725 / 281/2

* Based on 50Hz motors

Dimensions are approximate only and certified drawings will be supplied at time of order.

11
Fixed Angle Heavy Duty Gear Driven

Specification Model SM
Driven by a vertical electric motor which is flange mounted The mounting flange incorporates a single mechanical
on the support bracket above the gearbox and connected by seal with a corrosion and wear resistant tank shut-off
an all metal flexible coupling protected by a guard. A device permitting seal and/or gearbox removal under full
standard guard is available for all ATEX approval needs. tank conditions. A close clearance throttle bush is fitted
outboard of the mechanical seal to limit the leakage rate in
The gearbox comprises a single reduction hardened high
the event of catastrophic seal failure.
efficiency spiral bevel gear set having a minimum service
factor of 1.5 to AGMA gear class 2. The gears and all The mixer shaft is engineering hard-chromed in the shaft
bearings are splash oil lubricated and enclosed in a large seal and shut-off area and fitted with a one-piece cast
gear case for maximum heat dissipation. The mixer three bladed, high efficiency, special pitch impeller,
bearings have a minimum B.10 life of 44,000 hours. balanced and keyed in position.
The mixer frame is a rigid one-piece iron casting spigot
located to the gearbox and the steel mounting flange.
Optional tank adaptor flanges can be supplied to suit all
tank manhole/nozzle fixings.

12
Technical Data: Fixed Angle Gear Drive

Note
Variable spring loaded support
slings recommended for 70mm
and 85mm mixers
H (MAX)

E NB ANSI 150lb RF

A dia
150 mimimum

C B (MAX) J
Tank Floor

Shaft DIA: AT SEAL. 60 mm 85 mm

Drive kW To suit Specific Process Conditions

*Nominal RPM 425 420

A (Dia) To suit Specific Process Conditions

B mm / ins 875 / 341/2 1185 / 463/4
C mm / ins 515 / 201/4 695 / 271/4
E (Bore) mm / ins 203 / 8 254 / 10
H mm / ins 1076 / 421/2 1475 / 58
J mm / ins 340 / 131/2 425 / 163/4

* Based on 50Hz motors

Dimensions are approximate only and certified drawings will be supplied at time of order.

13
Swivel Angle Heavy Duty Gear Driven

Specification Model SSM

Driven by a vertical electric motor which is flange mounted The mounting flange incorporates a single mechanical
on the support bracket above the gearbox and connected by seal with a corrosion and wear resistant tank shut-off
an all metal flexible coupling protected by a guard. A device permitting seal and/or gearbox removal under full
standard guard is available for all ATEX approval needs. tank conditions. A close clearance throttle bush is fitted
outboard of the mechanical seal to limit the leakage rate in
The gearbox comprises a single reduction hardened high
event of seal failure.
efficiency spiral bevel gear set having a minimum service
factor of 1.5 to AGMA gear class 2. The gears and all The mixer shaft is engineering hard-chromed local to the
bearings are splash oil lubricated and enclosed in a large shaft seal and shut-off area and fitted with a one-piece
gear case for maximum heat dissipation. The mixer cast three bladed, high efficency, special pitch impeller
bearings have a minimum B.10 life of 44,000 hours. balanced and keyed in position.
The mixer frame is a rigid one-piece iron casting spigot
located to the gearbox and the swivel assembly. This
swivel assembly comprises a stainless steel polished
spherical ball integral to the mixer mounting flange and
sealed by a Viton Solosele which is adjustable to prevent
leakage whilst the mixer is swivelled in a horizontal plane
through 60° (30° either side of a line through the tank
centre). The mixer is supported in robust hinge pins and is
provided with a positive clamping arrangement for locking
the mixer in positions of 10° intervals.

14
Technical Data: Swivel Angle Gear Drive

Note
Variable spring loaded support
slings recommended for 85mm
mixers

H (MAX) 82,0

Flanged to suit customers

Mainway/ Nozzle
73mm (3’’)

A dia
150 mimimum

C B (MAX) J
Tank Floor

Shaft DIA: AT SEAL. 60 mm 85 mm

Drive kW To suit Specific Process Conditions

*Nominal RPM 425 420

A (Dia) To suit Specific Process Conditions

B mm / ins 720 / 381/4 930 / 361/2
C mm / ins 770 / 301/2 995 / 361/2
H mm / ins 1076 / 421/2 1475 / 58
J mm / ins 340 / 131/2 425 / 163/4

* Based on 50Hz motors

Dimensions are approximate only and certified drawings will be supplied at time of order.

15
Criteria for Side Entry Mixer tank agitation

A. Applications The power (P) required for a given duty is as follows:

The majority of Side Entry mixers are required to P= volume factor x tank ratio factor x viscosity factor
x gravity difference factor x blend time factor
meet one or more of the following duties
This calculated power must not be less than
1. Crude Oil B.S. & W. Control
the minimum power.
To control or prevent the accumulation of bottom
sludge and water pockets (B.S. & W.) especially in 1. Tank Ratio & Geometry
Crude Oil Storage Tanks at Refineries, Terminals or Side Entry mixers induce a spiral jet flow across the floor
Entrepots. Demands high velocity circulation in order of the tank continually entraining product from other areas
to completely scour the bottom of the tank of the tank. This jet stream initially only agitates the
higher gravity product in the bottom of the tank, but in
2. Maintain Homogeneity
time, providing there is the necessary installed power, will
To maintain homogeneity of refinery finished or
gradually penetrate the higher layers of the tank product
intermediate products or chemical plant feed stocks to
with sufficient velocity to generate both full top to bottom
ensure uniform specification. This demands complete
flow and to break the interface between the various
movement throughout the tank with top to bottom
densities and achieve a full homogeneous mix.
“turnover” as well as circulation round the tank, to
ensure that the product at the top, middle and bottom
If the actual height/diameter (Z/t) ratio is excessive this
remains uniform to specification. This may also
will influence the total power required as shown in
sometimes apply to crude oil storage especially in
Fig.11 below.
refinery tanks feeding direct to the distillation units.

3. Blend
To mix two or more different components to obtain
a homogeneous blend in a specified time to specific Tank Optimum Correction
requirements again demands complete top to Volume Height/Dia. Factor for
bottom “turnover”. m3 x 103 (Z/t Ratio) Higher Tank
4. Heat Transfer
Z/t Ratios
To aid heat transfer while heating or cooling or to 0.5 1.20
maintain temperature uniformity - again complete 1 1.15 Actual Z/t
fluid motion, top to bottom “turnover” would normally 2 0.98 Ratios /
be required. Location of mixers relative to the 5 0.72 Optimum
heating element is also important to the success of 10 0.55 Z/t ratio
the operation. 25 0.38 (minimum 1.0)
Note 50 0.32
It is possible that one or more of the duties may apply 75 0.29
to a particular application and the most critical duty
100 0.28
must determine the selection of mixer. Generally the 125 0.27 fig. 11
most power demanding duty is blending, application
3. 150 0.26

2. Viscosity
B. Design Parameters
In general, all refinery Side Entry mixer applications The viscosity of the product will also have an effect on
3 the minimum and required power, to achieve
require between 1.1 kW - 4.6 kW per 1000 m . In rare movement throughout the tank. The higher the
cases, for example B.S. & W. control of crude oil of viscosity the greater will be its resistance to the flow
very low viscosity and low B.S. & W: content, it is generated by the impeller. Generally in viscosities
possible to install less power but only if the mixers are below 50 cP the effect would be very slight, but above
of the swivel angle type. For each application there is this it is very important to make corrections.
a minimum power below which no matter how long the
mixer is operated a blend or homogeneity will never
be achieved. For product storage tanks this figure is
3
generally 1.1 kW per 1000m .

16
 The viscosity factor would be tabulated thus:

Viscosity Viscosity Factor

500 cP 1.5
1,000 cP 3.0
2,000 cP 5.0
3,000 cP 8.0

It is not common to perform tank mixing of products

with viscosities as high as the last two examples as it
is usually more economical to heat the products being
handled to reduce the viscosity not only to keep the
power levels of the mixers lower, but also the
necessary power for the transfer pumps.
3. Density Difference
The density spread can have a considerable effect on Crude Oil BS&W control
the final mixer power. Generally speaking, the wider The main purpose of the mixers in this application is
the difference between the density of the two or more to ensure the developed jet flow is used to lift the
components to be mixed the more power is required BS&W into the body of the crude oil to maintain a
to break the interfaces between the components and relatively clean tank floor. The Swivel Angle mixers
achieve blend. If inadequate power is installed, used can be varied to direct flow up to 30 degrees
insufficient fluid velocity would be developed to break either side of the centre line of the tank, so that all
down the interfaces. An indication of the the effect areas of the tank are swept. It is particulary important
which this variable has on the total mixer power to prevent sludge build up or blockage around the
required is shown below. tank outlet so the mixer group should be situated
directly opposite the tank outlet.
Density Gravity
Difference Difference Blending, maintaining homogeneity and
°API Factor heat transfer
15 1.0 It is assumed that these duties are with ‘clean’ product
25 1.5 and so Fixed Angle mixers are used. As with Swivel
35 2.0 Angle mixers, all should be approx. 22.5 degrees
apart and with 90 degree quadrant. If it is possible to
operate the mixers during ‘pump up’, up to 50% of
4. Time process power or time can be saved. To maximise the
It will be appreciated that to blend the tank contents in additive mixer effect of inlet flow and mixer jet stream
12 hours would require approx.half the power required it is recommended that the mixer group be situated
to do the same duty in 6 hours and approx. twice as approx. 22.5 degrees to the left of the tank inlet. If it is
much power as would be necessary in 24 hours. not possible to utilise the ‘pump up’ time, the postion
It is, however, necessary to appreciate that some of the mixer group is not critical.
time is required to get the tank contents in motion Swivel Angle mixers locked in the 10 degree left
before the necessary flow pattern is established to position can be used for these duties.
enable the mixing process to commence.
Additionally it should be understood that advantages
can be obtained by operating the mixer(s) while filling
the tank (see later discussion under 5).
As already discussed there is a minimum power
required for a given volume below which the
necessary fluid motion would never be developed for
minimal process requirements.
5. Orientation, Multiple Mixers,
Relation to Inlet and Outlet Connections
In order to maximise flow regime within the tank,
Plenty experience shows that all mixers selected
should be contained with a 90 degree quadrant and
approximately 22 1/2 degrees apart. The positioning of
the mixers on the tank depends upon the application.

17
Recommended Mixer Orientations
Mixer Positioning: Fixed Angle Mixers

Plenty recommended mixer (Fixed Angle) positions for effective blending, homogeneity and temperature uniformity

Mixer Positioning: Swivel Angle Mixers

Plenty recommended mixer (Swivel Angle) positions for effective B.S. & W. control in cruide oil tanks

18
Tank Mounting Details

Bore
Manhole or ‘X’ Nozzle length ‘Y’ (mm)
Nozzle Size (mm) 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375
Maximum Impeller Diameter (mm)
18’’ ANSI 150 430 560 510 510 460 460 460 460 460 460 460
20’’ ANSI 150 480 660 610 560 510 510 510 510 510 510 510
20’’ API 650 508 700 610 610 610 560 560 560 560 560 510
24’’ ANSI 150 580 815 815 790 790 700 660 660 660 660 610
24’’ API 650 610 840 840 815 815 740 700 700 660 660 660
30’’ ANSI 150 720 840 840 840 840 840 815 815 815 815 815
30’’ API 650 762 840 840 840 840 840 840 840 840 840 840

Bore
Manhole or ‘X’ Nozzle length ‘Y’ (ins)
Nozzle Size (ins) 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 12 3/4 13 3/4 14 3/4
Maximum Impeller Diameter (mm)
18’’ ANSI 150 16.93 22 20 20 18 18 18 18 18 18 18
20’’ ANSI 150 18.9 26 24 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
20’’ API 650 20 28 24 24 24 22 22 22 22 22 20
24’’ ANSI 150 22.84 32 32 31 31 28 26 26 26 26 24
24’’ API 650 24 33 33 32 32 29 28 28 32 26 26
30’’ ANSI 150 28.35 33 33 33 33 33 32 32 32 32 32
30’’ API 650 30 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33

19
Process Operation Details
Operation
Swivel Angle Mixers
Normally used for suspension of sludge, solids etc.,
with occasionally a further requirement for blending
(mixer set in 10° left position). For optimum mixing
efficiency the mixers should be operated on the
following swivel programme.

Clean or New tanks - Solids Suspension

30° left, 10° right, 20° left, 20° right, 10° left, 30° right,
30° left etc., angle changes being made every 2/3
month max. Specific process guidance is available
from Plenty mixers.

The results of correct mixer selection and positioning for B.S. & W. Dirty Tanks - Solids Suspension
control in a 500,000 Bbls Crude Oil Tank Programme as for clean tanks but initially the mixer
should operate for approximately 8 hours on one angle
per batch i.e., first batch 30° left, second batch 10°
The advantage of operating Plenty
right, and so on until such time that the deposits are
Swivel Angle Mixers in crude oil storage tanks
reduced to a reasonable level. Then revert to a change
of swivel angle every 2/3 months. Specific process
In most crude oils there are varying quantities of Bottom
guidance is available from Plenty mixers.
Sludge and Water (BS&W) which contains paraffins, heavy
ends, sediments of sand / silts and water. The rate of
Blending, Maintaining Homogeneity,
accumulation varies with the quality of the crude stored.
Temperature, Uniformity
The mixer should be positioned at the 10° left angle
Some of the main reasons why BS&W should
to ensure full top to bottom turnover.
be controlled are:
■ Tankage is always available for storage and not
out of commission being cleaned or repaired
Typical mixing action in a crude oil storage tank
■ Problems of sludge disposal are overcome.
■ No environmental problems.
■ Accumulation of BS&W can cause severe
corrosion of tank floor and lower shell plates.
■ Hazardous, dangerous and costly tank cleaning
is practically eliminated.
■ Large accumulations of BS&W can
dramatically reduce ‘operations’ flexibility.
■ Up to 70% of the BS&W is recoverable
hydrocarbons which result in lost revenue if
not utilised.
■ Large accumulations, if not controlled or
monitored, can result in floating roof damage
when tank is on pump-down condition.
■ If slugs of BS&W break free during pump-down
then serious damage to the transfer pumps or even
disruption of the refinery operation can result.
■ Elimination of “plugged” water drains.

20
Mounting Flange Details

NOTES :
1. Dimensions in brackets are metric.
2. Mixers without manways are supplied with
this fl ange studded.
3. Flange thickness does not conform to ANSI or
API standards
4. Thickness of fl ange ‚D‘ is 1.125“ (28.6) on
swivel angle models

STANDARD A B C D E F G H REMARKS
O/D R.F. DIA. N.B. THK RF. HT. NO HOLES HOLE DIA. PCD
8“ ANSI 150 RF 13.5“ 10.63“ 8“ - 0.062“ 8 0.875“ 11.75“ 45MM & 60MM
(343) (270) (1.5) (22) (298) SEE NOTE 2.

10“ ANSI 150 RF 16“ 12.75“ 10“ - 0.062“ 12 1“ 14.25“ 70MM & 85MM
(406) (324) (1.5) (25) (362) SEE NOTE 2.

20“ ANSI 150 RF 20“ 27.5“ 23“ 20“ 0.875“ 0.062“ 20 1.25“ 25“ DIMN. ‚D‘
API NOZZLE (699) (584) (22) (1.5) (32) (635) NON STANDARD

24“ ANSI 150 RF 24“ 32.75“ 27.25“ 24“ 0.875“ 0.062“ 20 1.375“ 29.5“ DIMN. ‚A‘ & ‚D‘
API NOZZLE (832) (692) (22) (1.5) (35) (749) NON STANDARD
30“ ANSI 150 RF 30“ 38.75“ 33.75“ 30“ 0.875“ 0.062“ 28 1.375“ 36“ DIMN. ‚D‘
API NOZZLE (984) (857) (22) (1.5) (35) (914) NON STANDARD

20“ API 650 28.75“ - 20“ 0.875“ - 28 0.875“ 26.25“ DIMN. ‚D‘
MANWAY (730) (22) (22) (667) NON STANDARD

24“ API 650 32.75“ - 24“ 0.875“ - 28 0.875“ 30.25“ DIMN. ‚D‘
MANWAY (832) (22) (22) (768) NON STANDARD

30“ API 650 38.75“ - 30“ 0.875“ - 42 0.875“ 36.25“ DIMN. ‚D‘
MANWAY (984) (22 (22) (921) NON STANDARD

24“ BS 2654 1956

& 1965 ALSO 24“ 31“ - 24“ 0.875“ - 36 0.875“ 28.5“ DIMN. ‚D‘
SHELL T280058 (787 (22) (22) (724) NON STANDARD

600 BS 2654 1973 (780) - (600) (22) - 36 (23) (740) DIMN. ‚D‘
NON STANDARD

600 BS 2654 1975 (780) - (600) (22) - 36 (22) (725) DIMN. ‚D‘
NON STANDARD

21
Recommended cut out dimensions of floating roof
tanks fitted with Fixed Angle mixers

'Y'
FLOATING ROOF PONTOON
76

PONTOON CUT OUT TO

BE MINIMUM OF 150mm
CLEAR OF IMPELLER
BLADES
150 MINIMUM

‘A’ = Max. offset of impeller swept arc from

tank/nozzle centre line.
‘B’ = Min. clearance (tank wall to back face of
impeller)
‘C’ = Max. protrusion (tank wall to impeller tip).

Mixer Nozzle length ‘Y’ (mm)

Size ‘A’ (mm) 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375
Position of Impeller relative to tank wall (mm)
45* 410 ‘B’ 311 286 260 235 210 184 159 * manhole/nozzle too long

45* 410 ‘C’ 394 368 343 318 292 267 241
60 470 ‘B’ 445 419 394 368 345 318 292 267 241 216
60 470 ‘C’ 546 521 495 470 445 419 364 368 343 317
70 580 ‘B’ 660 635 610 584 559 533 508 483 457 432

70 580 ‘C’ 794 768 743 718 692 667 641 616 591 565
85 610 ‘B’ 699 673 648 622 597 572 546 521 495 470
85 610 ‘C’ 870 844 819 794 768 743 718 692 667 641

Mixer Nozzle length ‘Y’ (ins)

Size ‘A’ (ins) 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 12 3/4 13 3/4 14 3/4
Position of Impeller relative to tank wall (ins)
45* 16 1/4 ‘B’ 12 1/4 11 1/4 10 1/4 9 1/4 8 1/4 7 1/4 6 1/4 * manhole/nozzle too long

45* 16 1/4 ‘C’ 15 1/2 14 1/2 13 1/2 12 1/2 11 1/2 10 1/2 9 1/2
60 18 1/2 ‘B’ 17 1/2 16 1/2 15 1/2 14 1/2 13 1/2 12 1/2 11 1/2 10 1/2 9 1/2 8 1/2

60 18 1/2 ‘C’ 21 1/2 20 1/2 19 1/2 18 1/2 17 1/2 16 1/2 14 1/4 14 1/2 13 1/2 12 1/2
70 23 ‘B’ 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17

70 23 ‘C’ 31 1/4 30 1/4 29 1/4 28 1/4 27 1/4 27 1/4 25 1/4 24 1/4 23 1/4 22 1/4
85 24 ‘B’ 27 1/2 26 1/2 25 1/2 24 1/2 23 1/2 23 21 1/2 20 1/2 19 1/2 18 1/2
85 24 ‘C’ 34 1/4 33 1/4 32 1/4 31 1/4 30 1/4 29 1/4 28 1/4 27 1/4 27 1/4 25 1/4

22
 'B'

'A'
'C'

Recommended cut out ‘A’ = Max. offset of impeller swept arc from
dimensions of floating roof tanks tank/nozzle centre line.
fitted with Swivel Angle mixers. ‘B’ = Min. clearance (tank wall to back face of
impeller)
‘C’ = Max. protrusion (tank wall to impeller tip).

Mixer Nozzle length ‘Y’ (mm)

Size ‘A’ (mm) 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375
Position of Impeller relative to tank wall (mm)
60 584 ‘B’ 191 165 139 manhole/nozzle too long

60 584 ‘C’ 521 495 470

70 787 ‘B’ 260 235 210 184 159 manhole/nozzle too long

70 787 ‘C’ 699 673 648 622 597

85 813 ‘B’ 298 273 248 222 197 171 146 manhole/nozzle too long

85 813 ‘C’ 781 756 730 705 679 654 629

Mixer Nozzle length ‘Y’ (ins)

Size ‘A’ (ins) 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 12 3\4 13 3\4 14 3\4
Position of Impeller relative to tank wall (ins)
60 584 ‘B’ 7 1/2 6 1/2 5 1/2 manhole/nozzle too long

60 584 ‘C’ 20 1/2 19 1/2 18 1/2

70 787 ‘B’ 10 1/4 9 1/4 8 1/4 7 1/4 6 1/4 manhole/nozzle too long

70 787 ‘C’ 27 1/2 26 1/2 25 1/2 24 1/2 23 1/2

85 813 ‘B’ 11 3/4 10 3/4 9 3/4 8 3/4 7 3/4 6 3/4 5 3/4 manhole/nozzle too long

85 813 ‘C’ 30 3/4 29 3/4 28 3/4 27 3/4 26 3/4 25 3/4 24 3/4

23
Typical Site References
Plenty’s experience and knowlege is based upon data accumulated over many years, and field tests conducted with
Shell, ExxonMobil and BP refineries in the United Kingdom and Europe.

3
Plenty swivel angle belt drive mixers on a 1,000,000 Bbl (160,000 m ) crude oil tank in Europe.

Plenty swivel angle gear drive mixer

in a Russian oil refinery

Final installation of a Plenty belt drive mixer

Installing a Plenty belt drive mixer in Europe

Plenty Mixer installed on a double skinned tank.

Plenty swivel angle belt drive mixer complete with automatic actuator

24
Selected References
Country Qty End Users
Asia, Far East, Australia
Australia 90 Shell, Mobil, Caltex, BP
China 150 Chinese Petroleum Company, Dalian Refinery, Shanghai Yinfu Oils
India 500 Indian Oil Corporation, Reliance Petroleum, Kochi Refineries
Indonesia 30 Pertamina
Korea 350 LG Caltex Oil, Hyundai Oil, Ssangyong Oil, SK Corporation
Malaysia 230 Petronas, Shell, Esso, Malaysian Refining Compay
Pakistan 40 Attock Refinery, National Refinery, Pakistan Oilfields
Philippines 100 Shell, Caltex, Petron
Singapore 450 Shell, ExxonMobil, Caltex, Singapore Refining Co, Vopak, Singapore Petroleum Co.
Thailand 300 Thai Oil, Allied Refining Co, Bangchak Petroleum. Thai Petrochemical Industries
Taiwan 30 Chinese Petroleum Corporation, Formosa Petrochemicals
Americas

Argentina 60 Shell, Terminal 6 S.A., Bolland, YPF

Colombia 80 Ecopetrol, Oxy
Chile 10 Refineria De Petroleo Concon, ENAP
Ecuador 90 Amazonas & Balao Terminals, Esmeraldas Refinery
Venezuela 60 PdVSA, Shell
USA/Canada 1000 Shell, Exxon, Amoco, Ultramar, Chevron, Conoco, Imperial Oil, Marathon Oil
Europe

Belgium 30 Esso, Fina

Croatia 60 Rafinerija Nafte Sisak, Rafinerija Rijeka, Janaf
Czech Republic 50 Ceska Refinery, Slovnaft
Denmark 20 Statoil, Dansk Shell
France 130 Total Fina Elf, BP, Shell, Exxon
Germany 50 Shell, Esso, Holborn Europa
Greece 25 Hellenic Petroleum, Petrola Hellas SA
Hungary 15 MOL, Magyar Olaj
Italy 25 Raffineeria Di Roma, Agip Petroli, ERG
Latvia 30 Ventspils Nafta
Netherlands 165 Shell, Esso, Total, MOT, MET, Paktank, Vopak, Team Terminal, Nerefco
Poland 25 Raffineria Gdansk, Peru Przyjazan
Spain 150 Repsol, CEPSA, BP, Petronos, Lubrisur, Forestal del Atlantico
Sweden 50 Nynas, Shell Skandinaviska Raff, Preem
Turkey 80 Tupras, Mobil
UK 580 Shell, BP, ExxonMobil, Texaco, Phillips, Talisman, Petroplus
Slovakia 5 Budkovice
Slovenia 10 Nafta Lendava
Middle East, Africa

Bahrain 35 Bahrain Petrochemical Company

Egypt 200 NASR Petroleum Company, Alexandria Petroleum Company, Sumed
Iran 280 National Iranian Oil Company
Kuwait 25 Kuwait National Petroleum Company, Kuwait Oil Company
Libya 60 Jawaby Oil
Qatar 40 QP
Saudi Arabia 60 Aramco
South Africa 25 Caltex, Shell
United Arab Emirates 130 ADNOC, ZADCO, ENOC

25
Global Headquarters: SPX Process Equipment,
Delavan, WI USA

How To Contact Us:

For technical details on products and services available from SPX Process Equipment,
contact us at: www.spxprocessequipment.com

Bran+Luebbe, Norderstedt, Lightnin, Rochester Waukesha Cherry-Burrell, Delavan

Werkstraße 4 135 Mt. Read Blvd. 611 Sugar Creek Rd.
D-22844 Norderstedt, Germany Rochester, NY 14611 U.S.A. Delavan, WI 53115
Phone: +49 (0) 40- 522 02-0 Phone +1 (585) 436 5550 Phone +1 (262) 728 1900
Fax: +49 (0) 40- 522 02-444 Fax +1 (585) 436 5589 Fax +1 (262) 728 4904

Your local contact

SPX Process Equipment Ltd SPX Process Equipment Ltd
Bran+Luebbe/Lightnin/Plenty Operation Lightnin / Plenty Mixers Operation
Ironstone Way 1st Floor, Clark House
Brixworth Hulley Road
Northants Macclesfi eld
NN6 9UD Cheshire
Tel : +44 (0) 1604 880 751 SK10 2LU
Fax : +44 (0) 1604 880 145 Tel : +44 (0) 1625 505 770
[email protected] Fax : +44 (0) 1625 668 980
[email protected]
010. 1.0 GB 1105

SPX Process Equipment Ltd. · Ironstone Way · Brixworth · Northampton NN6 9UD · Phone 01604 - 88 07 51 Telefax 01604 -
88 01 45 · E-Mail [email protected] · Internet http://www.spxpe.com