Understanding Dispense

Gas

Neil Witte
Training/Technical Support Manager
Duvel USA, Boulevard Brewing Company,
Brewery Ommegang
 Dispense Gas
Two main goals of dispense gas:

1. Keep the beer properly carbonated

2. Push the beer from the keg to the faucet

 CO2 – Measuring Carbonation
CO2 is measured in Volumes per volume (v/v)

2.5 v/v 2.5 v/v

 CO2 – Maintaining Carbonation
A balanced keg has equal
amounts of CO2 in the
headspace and in the beer.

Two main factors control

this:
1. Pressure
2.5 v/v
2. Temperature
11 psi @ 38F
 Pressure/Temperature Relationship

Assumes sea-level altitude. Add 1psi for every 2,000ft above sea-level.
CO2 – Maintaining Carbonation
2.5 v/v 2.65 v/v 2.3 v/v

13 psi @ 38F 9 psi @ 38F

11 psi @ 38F
11 psi @ 35F 11 psi @ 42F
 Short Draw
11
psig Accomplishes both goals:
100% CO2
2.5 Volumes
1. Keeps beer carbonated
38F
2. Pushes beer to faucet
 Long Draw
22 Straight CO2 pressures don’t push the
psig beer to the faucet.

70% CO2/30% Nitrogen adds the extra “push”.

Nitrogen
2.5 volumes
Low % CO2 at higher pressure
38° maintains carbonation.
 Nitro Pour
35
psig
Special Nitrogen-rich blend for
25% CO2/75%
Nitro beers
Nitrogen
1.2 volumes Not appropriate for regularly
carbonated beers
38°
 38F 5%ABV
Pressure *
(psig) 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
40 1.32 1.59 1.85 2.12 2.38 2.65 2.91 3.18 3.44 3.71 3.97 4.24 4.50 4.77 5.03 5.30
39 1.30 1.56 1.82 2.08 2.34 2.60 2.86 3.12 3.38 3.64 3.90 4.16 4.42 4.68 4.94 5.20
38 1.28 1.53 1.79 2.04 2.30 2.55 2.81 3.06 3.32 3.57 3.83 4.08 4.34 4.59 4.85 5.10
37 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 3.50 3.75 4.01 4.26 4.51 4.76 5.01
36 1.23 1.47 1.72 1.96 2.21 2.45 2.70 2.95 3.19 3.44 3.68 3.93 4.17 4.42 4.66 4.91
35 1.20 1.44 1.68 1.93 2.17 2.41 2.65 2.89 3.13 3.37 3.61 3.85 4.09 4.33 4.57 4.81
34 1.18 1.41 1.65 1.89 2.12 2.36 2.59 2.83 3.07 3.30 3.54 3.77 4.01 4.24 4.48 4.72
33 1.15 1.39 1.62 1.85 2.08 2.31 2.54 2.77 3.00 3.23 3.46 3.70 3.93 4.16 4.39 4.62
32 1.13 1.36 1.58 1.81 2.04 2.26 2.49 2.71 2.94 3.17 3.39 3.62 3.84 4.07 4.30 4.52
31 1.11 1.33 1.55 1.77 1.99 2.21 2.43 2.66 2.88 3.10 3.32 3.54 3.76 3.98 4.20 4.43
30 1.08 1.30 1.52 1.73 1.95 2.16 2.38 2.60 2.81 3.03 3.25 3.46 3.68 3.90 4.11 4.33
29 1.06 1.27 1.48 1.69 1.90 2.12 2.33 2.54 2.75 2.96 3.17 3.39 3.60 3.81 4.02 4.23
28 1.03 1.24 1.45 1.65 1.86 2.07 2.27 2.48 2.69 2.89 3.10 3.31 3.51 3.72 3.93 4.14
27 1.01 1.21 1.41 1.62 1.82 2.02 2.22 2.42 2.62 2.83 3.03 3.23 3.43 3.63 3.84 4.04
26 0.99 1.18 1.38 1.58 1.77 1.97 2.17 2.36 2.56 2.76 2.96 3.15 3.35 3.55 3.74 3.94
25 0.96 1.15 1.35 1.54 1.73 1.92 2.11 2.31 2.50 2.69 2.88 3.08 3.27 3.46 3.65 3.84
24 0.94 1.12 1.31 1.50 1.69 1.87 2.06 2.25 2.44 2.62 2.81 3.00 3.19 3.37 3.56 3.75
23 0.91 1.10 1.28 1.46 1.64 1.83 2.01 2.19 2.37 2.56 2.74 2.92 3.10 3.29 3.47 3.65
22 0.89 1.07 1.24 1.42 1.60 1.78 1.95 2.13 2.31 2.49 2.67 2.84 3.02 3.20 3.38 3.55
21 0.86 1.04 1.21 1.38 1.56 1.73 1.90 2.07 2.25 2.42 2.59 2.77 2.94 3.11 3.28 3.46
20 0.84 1.01 1.18 1.34 1.51 1.68 1.85 2.02 2.18 2.35 2.52 2.69 2.86 3.02 3.19 3.36
19 0.82 0.98 1.14 1.31 1.47 1.63 1.79 1.96 2.12 2.28 2.45 2.61 2.77 2.94 3.10 3.26
18 0.79 0.95 1.11 1.27 1.42 1.58 1.74 1.90 2.06 2.22 2.37 2.53 2.69 2.85 3.01 3.17
17 0.77 0.92 1.07 1.23 1.38 1.53 1.69 1.84 2.00 2.15 2.30 2.46 2.61 2.76 2.92 3.07
16 0.74 0.89 1.04 1.19 1.34 1.49 1.64 1.78 1.93 2.08 2.23 2.38 2.53 2.68 2.82 2.97
15 0.72 0.86 1.01 1.15 1.29 1.44 1.58 1.73 1.87 2.01 2.16 2.30 2.44 2.59 2.73 2.88
14 0.69 0.83 0.97 1.11 1.25 1.39 1.53 1.67 1.81 1.95 2.08 2.22 2.36 2.50 2.64 2.78
13 0.67 0.80 0.94 1.07 1.21 1.34 1.48 1.61 1.74 1.88 2.01 2.15 2.28 2.41 2.55 2.68
12 0.65 0.78 0.90 1.03 1.16 1.29 1.42 1.55 1.68 1.81 1.94 2.07 2.20 2.33 2.46 2.59
11 0.62 0.75 0.87 1.00 1.12 1.24 1.37 1.49 1.62 1.74 1.87 1.99 2.12 2.24 2.36 2.49
Dealing with Multiple Carbonation Levels

Most American Beers can

be placed into two
categories:

• Craft = 2.5 Vol

• B/MC = 2.7 Vol
 Results of Field Survey

• 18 markets, 40 accounts per market, 720 ttl, chosen at random;

• Questionable temperature data from 2 markets removed
 Field Survey Assumptions

• Acceptable range for “Domestic Premium type” beers

is 2.3 – 2.9v/v;
• Acceptable range for “Micro type” beers is 2.3 –
2.7v/v;
• When talking about a gas mix or blend, as a
convention, CO2 will always be listed 1st:
 Example: 70/30 means 70% CO2;
Example: 25/75 means 25% CO2;
• Nitrogenated beers are assumed to have 1.2 volumes
of CO2.
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 The Process

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 The Process

100% 90% 80% 70%

95% 85% 75% 65% 60% 55% 50% 45% 40% 35% 30%
3.0

2.8

Acceptable Range 2.6

Acceptable Range Domestic
Micros (2.3-2.7) Premium (2.3-2.9)
2.4

2.2

2.0

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0
- 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
 How Things Would Look on 60/40

Non Compliant
Count of Compliant Accounts (@ 60% CO2 V/V) Micros
300 Premium

248
250

200
Count (of 619)

150

100 90

62 57 54
50

48.5% 12.1% 17.6% 11.2% 10.6%

0
Less Than 2.3 Between 2.3 - 2.5 Between 2.5 - 2.7 Between 2.7 - 2.9 Greater Than 2.9

CO2 V/V Range

• 20% of “Micro’s are in spec. 31% of Premium Domestic in spec.”

• 22% Micro’s OOS on high side, 11% of Premium Domestic OOS on high side.
• All data sanitized to remove accounts with storage temp’s above 40°
 How Things Would Look on 70/30

Non Compliant
Count of Compliant Accounts (@ 70% CO2 V/V) Micros
160 Premium
142
140
126

120
103
Count (of 619)

100

77
80
63
60

40

20

24.7% 20.2% 27.8% 15.1% 12.3%

0
Less Than 2.3 Between 2.3 - 2.5 Between 2.5 - 2.7 Between 2.7 - 2.9 Greater Than 2.9

CO2 V/V Range

• 50% of “Micro’s are in spec 65% of Premium Domestic in spec.”

• 27% Micro’s OOS on high side, 12% of Premium Domestic OOS on high side.
• All data sanitized to remove accounts with storage temp’s above 40°
 How Things Would Look on 75/25

Non Compliant
Count of Compliant Accounts (@ 75% CO2 V/V) Micros
180 171 Premium

160

140

120
Count (of 619)

99
100
89
83
80
69

60

40

20
13.5% 17.4% 33.5% 19.4% 16.2%
0
Less Than 2.3 Between 2.3 - 2.5 Between 2.5 - 2.7 Between 2.7 - 2.9 Greater Than 2.9

CO2 V/V Range

• 51% of “Micro’s are in spec 70% of Premium Domestic in spec.”

• 36% Micro’s OOS on high side, 16% of Premium Domestic OOS on high side.
• All data sanitized to remove accounts with storage temp’s above 40°
 How Things Would Look on 80/20
Non Compliant
Count of Compliant Accounts (@ 80% CO2 V/V) Micros
160 Premium
145

140
130
123
120
Count (of 619)

100

80 71

60

42
40

20

8.2% 13.9% 28.4% 25.4% 24.1%

0
Less Than 2.3 Between 2.3 - 2.5 Between 2.5 - 2.7 Between 2.7 - 2.9 Greater Than 2.9

CO2 V/V Range

• 42% of “Micro’s are in spec 67% of Premium Domestic in spec.”

• 50% Micro’s OOS on high side, 24% of Premium Domestic OOS on high side.
• All data sanitized to remove accounts with storage temp’s above 40°
 Conclusions

• 25/75 Gas is killing the vast majority of

beers;
• 70/30 works in more accounts than
60/40;
• One size does not fit all. No one gas will
work for every account in the country;
• Ideally custom blends should be
calculated on an individual account basis.
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 Gas Blend Solution

•Use of 2 blends for regularly carbonated

beers allows for balancing of kegs of varying
carbonation levels
• Beers are grouped into one of two
carbonation ranges with different blend used
for each
• Carbonation levels can be maintained
within +/- .2 v/v CO2
 Acceptable Range – 2.5 v/v (+/- .2)
Pressure *
(psig) 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
40 1.32 1.59 1.85 2.12 2.38 2.65 2.91 3.18 3.44 3.71 3.97 4.24 4.50 4.77 5.03 5.30
39 1.30 1.56 1.82 2.08 2.34 2.60 2.86 3.12 3.38 3.64 3.90 4.16 4.42 4.68 4.94 5.20
38 1.28 1.53 1.79 2.04 2.30 2.55 2.81 3.06 3.32 3.57 3.83 4.08 4.34 4.59 4.85 5.10
37 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 3.50 3.75 4.01 4.26 4.51 4.76 5.01
36 1.23 1.47 1.72 1.96 2.21 2.45 2.70 2.95 3.19 3.44 3.68 3.93 4.17 4.42 4.66 4.91
35 1.20 1.44 1.68 1.93 2.17 2.41 2.65 2.89 3.13 3.37 3.61 3.85 4.09 4.33 4.57 4.81
34 1.18 1.41 1.65 1.89 2.12 2.36 2.59 2.83 3.07 3.30 3.54 3.77 4.01 4.24 4.48 4.72
33 1.15 1.39 1.62 1.85 2.08 2.31 2.54 2.77 3.00 3.23 3.46 3.70 3.93 4.16 4.39 4.62
32 1.13 1.36 1.58 1.81 2.04 2.26 2.49 2.71 2.94 3.17 3.39 3.62 3.84 4.07 4.30 4.52
31 1.11 1.33 1.55 1.77 1.99 2.21 2.43 2.66 2.88 3.10 3.32 3.54 3.76 3.98 4.20 4.43
30 1.08 1.30 1.52 1.73 1.95 2.16 2.38 2.60 2.81 3.03 3.25 3.46 3.68 3.90 4.11 4.33
29 1.06 1.27 1.48 1.69 1.90 2.12 2.33 2.54 2.75 2.96 3.17 3.39 3.60 3.81 4.02 4.23
28 1.03 1.24 1.45 1.65 1.86 2.07 2.27 2.48 2.69 2.89 3.10 3.31 3.51 3.72 3.93 4.14
27 1.01 1.21 1.41 1.62 1.82 2.02 2.22 2.42 2.62 2.83 3.03 3.23 3.43 3.63 3.84 4.04
26 0.99 1.18 1.38 1.58 1.77 1.97 2.17 2.36 2.56 2.76 2.96 3.15 3.35 3.55 3.74 3.94
25 0.96 1.15 1.35 1.54 1.73 1.92 2.11 2.31 2.50 2.69 2.88 3.08 3.27 3.46 3.65 3.84
24 0.94 1.12 1.31 1.50 1.69 1.87 2.06 2.25 2.44 2.62 2.81 3.00 3.19 3.37 3.56 3.75
23 0.91 1.10 1.28 1.46 1.64 1.83 2.01 2.19 2.37 2.56 2.74 2.92 3.10 3.29 3.47 3.65
22 0.89 1.07 1.24 1.42 1.60 1.78 1.95 2.13 2.31 2.49 2.67 2.84 3.02 3.20 3.38 3.55
21 0.86 1.04 1.21 1.38 1.56 1.73 1.90 2.07 2.25 2.42 2.59 2.77 2.94 3.11 3.28 3.46
20 0.84 1.01 1.18 1.34 1.51 1.68 1.85 2.02 2.18 2.35 2.52 2.69 2.86 3.02 3.19 3.36
19 0.82 0.98 1.14 1.31 1.47 1.63 1.79 1.96 2.12 2.28 2.45 2.61 2.77 2.94 3.10 3.26
18 0.79 0.95 1.11 1.27 1.42 1.58 1.74 1.90 2.06 2.22 2.37 2.53 2.69 2.85 3.01 3.17
17 0.77 0.92 1.07 1.23 1.38 1.53 1.69 1.84 2.00 2.15 2.30 2.46 2.61 2.76 2.92 3.07
16 0.74 0.89 1.04 1.19 1.34 1.49 1.64 1.78 1.93 2.08 2.23 2.38 2.53 2.68 2.82 2.97
15 0.72 0.86 1.01 1.15 1.29 1.44 1.58 1.73 1.87 2.01 2.16 2.30 2.44 2.59 2.73 2.88
14 0.69 0.83 0.97 1.11 1.25 1.39 1.53 1.67 1.81 1.95 2.08 2.22 2.36 2.50 2.64 2.78
13 0.67 0.80 0.94 1.07 1.21 1.34 1.48 1.61 1.74 1.88 2.01 2.15 2.28 2.41 2.55 2.68
12 0.65 0.78 0.90 1.03 1.16 1.29 1.42 1.55 1.68 1.81 1.94 2.07 2.20 2.33 2.46 2.59
11 0.62 0.75 0.87 1.00 1.12 1.24 1.37 1.49 1.62 1.74 1.87 1.99 2.12 2.24 2.36 2.49

Acceptable Range – 2.5 v/v - +/- .2

 Acceptable Range – 2.7 v/v (+/- .2)
Pressure *
(psig) 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
40 1.32 1.59 1.85 2.12 2.38 2.65 2.91 3.18 3.44 3.71 3.97 4.24 4.50 4.77 5.03 5.30
39 1.30 1.56 1.82 2.08 2.34 2.60 2.86 3.12 3.38 3.64 3.90 4.16 4.42 4.68 4.94 5.20
38 1.28 1.53 1.79 2.04 2.30 2.55 2.81 3.06 3.32 3.57 3.83 4.08 4.34 4.59 4.85 5.10
37 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 3.50 3.75 4.01 4.26 4.51 4.76 5.01
36 1.23 1.47 1.72 1.96 2.21 2.45 2.70 2.95 3.19 3.44 3.68 3.93 4.17 4.42 4.66 4.91
35 1.20 1.44 1.68 1.93 2.17 2.41 2.65 2.89 3.13 3.37 3.61 3.85 4.09 4.33 4.57 4.81
34 1.18 1.41 1.65 1.89 2.12 2.36 2.59 2.83 3.07 3.30 3.54 3.77 4.01 4.24 4.48 4.72
33 1.15 1.39 1.62 1.85 2.08 2.31 2.54 2.77 3.00 3.23 3.46 3.70 3.93 4.16 4.39 4.62
32 1.13 1.36 1.58 1.81 2.04 2.26 2.49 2.71 2.94 3.17 3.39 3.62 3.84 4.07 4.30 4.52
31 1.11 1.33 1.55 1.77 1.99 2.21 2.43 2.66 2.88 3.10 3.32 3.54 3.76 3.98 4.20 4.43
30 1.08 1.30 1.52 1.73 1.95 2.16 2.38 2.60 2.81 3.03 3.25 3.46 3.68 3.90 4.11 4.33
29 1.06 1.27 1.48 1.69 1.90 2.12 2.33 2.54 2.75 2.96 3.17 3.39 3.60 3.81 4.02 4.23
28 1.03 1.24 1.45 1.65 1.86 2.07 2.27 2.48 2.69 2.89 3.10 3.31 3.51 3.72 3.93 4.14
27 1.01 1.21 1.41 1.62 1.82 2.02 2.22 2.42 2.62 2.83 3.03 3.23 3.43 3.63 3.84 4.04
26 0.99 1.18 1.38 1.58 1.77 1.97 2.17 2.36 2.56 2.76 2.96 3.15 3.35 3.55 3.74 3.94
25 0.96 1.15 1.35 1.54 1.73 1.92 2.11 2.31 2.50 2.69 2.88 3.08 3.27 3.46 3.65 3.84
24 0.94 1.12 1.31 1.50 1.69 1.87 2.06 2.25 2.44 2.62 2.81 3.00 3.19 3.37 3.56 3.75
23 0.91 1.10 1.28 1.46 1.64 1.83 2.01 2.19 2.37 2.56 2.74 2.92 3.10 3.29 3.47 3.65
22 0.89 1.07 1.24 1.42 1.60 1.78 1.95 2.13 2.31 2.49 2.67 2.84 3.02 3.20 3.38 3.55
21 0.86 1.04 1.21 1.38 1.56 1.73 1.90 2.07 2.25 2.42 2.59 2.77 2.94 3.11 3.28 3.46
20 0.84 1.01 1.18 1.34 1.51 1.68 1.85 2.02 2.18 2.35 2.52 2.69 2.86 3.02 3.19 3.36
19 0.82 0.98 1.14 1.31 1.47 1.63 1.79 1.96 2.12 2.28 2.45 2.61 2.77 2.94 3.10 3.26
18 0.79 0.95 1.11 1.27 1.42 1.58 1.74 1.90 2.06 2.22 2.37 2.53 2.69 2.85 3.01 3.17
17 0.77 0.92 1.07 1.23 1.38 1.53 1.69 1.84 2.00 2.15 2.30 2.46 2.61 2.76 2.92 3.07
16 0.74 0.89 1.04 1.19 1.34 1.49 1.64 1.78 1.93 2.08 2.23 2.38 2.53 2.68 2.82 2.97
15 0.72 0.86 1.01 1.15 1.29 1.44 1.58 1.73 1.87 2.01 2.16 2.30 2.44 2.59 2.73 2.88
14 0.69 0.83 0.97 1.11 1.25 1.39 1.53 1.67 1.81 1.95 2.08 2.22 2.36 2.50 2.64 2.78
13 0.67 0.80 0.94 1.07 1.21 1.34 1.48 1.61 1.74 1.88 2.01 2.15 2.28 2.41 2.55 2.68
12 0.65 0.78 0.90 1.03 1.16 1.29 1.42 1.55 1.68 1.81 1.94 2.07 2.20 2.33 2.46 2.59
11 0.62 0.75 0.87 1.00 1.12 1.24 1.37 1.49 1.62 1.74 1.87 1.99 2.12 2.24 2.36 2.49

Acceptable Range – 2.7 v/v - +/- .2

 3-Blend
Blender
Managing multiple CO2 levels with
multiple CO2-rich blends
 Acceptable Range – 2.5 – 2.7 v/v (+/- .2)
Pressure *
(psig) 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
40 1.32 1.59 1.85 2.12 2.38 2.65 2.91 3.18 3.44 3.71 3.97 4.24 4.50 4.77 5.03 5.30
39 1.30 1.56 1.82 2.08 2.34 2.60 2.86 3.12 3.38 3.64 3.90 4.16 4.42 4.68 4.94 5.20
38 1.28 1.53 1.79 2.04 2.30 2.55 2.81 3.06 3.32 3.57 3.83 4.08 4.34 4.59 4.85 5.10
37 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 3.50 3.75 4.01 4.26 4.51 4.76 5.01
36 1.23 1.47 1.72 1.96 2.21 2.45 2.70 2.95 3.19 3.44 3.68 3.93 4.17 4.42 4.66 4.91
35 1.20 1.44 1.68 1.93 2.17 2.41 2.65 2.89 3.13 3.37 3.61 3.85 4.09 4.33 4.57 4.81
34 1.18 1.41 1.65 1.89 2.12 2.36 2.59 2.83 3.07 3.30 3.54 3.77 4.01 4.24 4.48 4.72
33 1.15 1.39 1.62 1.85 2.08 2.31 2.54 2.77 3.00 3.23 3.46 3.70 3.93 4.16 4.39 4.62
32 1.13 1.36 1.58 1.81 2.04 2.26 2.49 2.71 2.94 3.17 3.39 3.62 3.84 4.07 4.30 4.52
31 1.11 1.33 1.55 1.77 1.99 2.21 2.43 2.66 2.88 3.10 3.32 3.54 3.76 3.98 4.20 4.43
30 1.08 1.30 1.52 1.73 1.95 2.16 2.38 2.60 2.81 3.03 3.25 3.46 3.68 3.90 4.11 4.33
29 1.06 1.27 1.48 1.69 1.90 2.12 2.33 2.54 2.75 2.96 3.17 3.39 3.60 3.81 4.02 4.23
28 1.03 1.24 1.45 1.65 1.86 2.07 2.27 2.48 2.69 2.89 3.10 3.31 3.51 3.72 3.93 4.14
27 1.01 1.21 1.41 1.62 1.82 2.02 2.22 2.42 2.62 2.83 3.03 3.23 3.43 3.63 3.84 4.04
26 0.99 1.18 1.38 1.58 1.77 1.97 2.17 2.36 2.56 2.76 2.96 3.15 3.35 3.55 3.74 3.94
25 0.96 1.15 1.35 1.54 1.73 1.92 2.11 2.31 2.50 2.69 2.88 3.08 3.27 3.46 3.65 3.84
24 0.94 1.12 1.31 1.50 1.69 1.87 2.06 2.25 2.44 2.62 2.81 3.00 3.19 3.37 3.56 3.75
23 0.91 1.10 1.28 1.46 1.64 1.83 2.01 2.19 2.37 2.56 2.74 2.92 3.10 3.29 3.47 3.65
22 0.89 1.07 1.24 1.42 1.60 1.78 1.95 2.13 2.31 2.49 2.67 2.84 3.02 3.20 3.38 3.55
21 0.86 1.04 1.21 1.38 1.56 1.73 1.90 2.07 2.25 2.42 2.59 2.77 2.94 3.11 3.28 3.46
20 0.84 1.01 1.18 1.34 1.51 1.68 1.85 2.02 2.18 2.35 2.52 2.69 2.86 3.02 3.19 3.36
19 0.82 0.98 1.14 1.31 1.47 1.63 1.79 1.96 2.12 2.28 2.45 2.61 2.77 2.94 3.10 3.26
18 0.79 0.95 1.11 1.27 1.42 1.58 1.74 1.90 2.06 2.22 2.37 2.53 2.69 2.85 3.01 3.17
17 0.77 0.92 1.07 1.23 1.38 1.53 1.69 1.84 2.00 2.15 2.30 2.46 2.61 2.76 2.92 3.07
16 0.74 0.89 1.04 1.19 1.34 1.49 1.64 1.78 1.93 2.08 2.23 2.38 2.53 2.68 2.82 2.97
15 0.72 0.86 1.01 1.15 1.29 1.44 1.58 1.73 1.87 2.01 2.16 2.30 2.44 2.59 2.73 2.88
14 0.69 0.83 0.97 1.11 1.25 1.39 1.53 1.67 1.81 1.95 2.08 2.22 2.36 2.50 2.64 2.78
13 0.67 0.80 0.94 1.07 1.21 1.34 1.48 1.61 1.74 1.88 2.01 2.15 2.28 2.41 2.55 2.68
12 0.65 0.78 0.90 1.03 1.16 1.29 1.42 1.55 1.68 1.81 1.94 2.07 2.20 2.33 2.46 2.59
11 0.62 0.75 0.87 1.00 1.12 1.24 1.37 1.49 1.62 1.74 1.87 1.99 2.12 2.24 2.36 2.49

38F 5%ABV
 Using Multiple Pressures
Managing multiple CO2 levels with applied pressure adjustments
psi at 60% CO2 psi at 65% CO2 psi at 70% CO2
2.5 v/v 2.7 v/v 2.5 v/v 2.7 v/v 2.5 v/v 2.7 v/v
40 27-33 40 24-30 27-33 40 21-26 24-29
Temp. 38 25-31 29-35 Temp. 38 22-28 26-31 Temp. 38 20-25 23-28
37 25-30 28-34 37 22-27 25-30 37 19-24 22-27
35 23-28 26-32 35 20-25 23-28 35 18-22 20-25

psi at 75% CO2 psi at 80% CO2 psi at 85% CO2

2.5 v/v 2.7 v/v 2.5 v/v 2.7 v/v 2.5 v/v 2.7 v/v
40 19-24 22-26 40 17-21 19-24 40 15-19 17-22
Temp. 38 17-22 20-25 Temp. 38 15-20 18-22 Temp. 38 14-18 16-20
37 17-21 20-24 37 15-19 17-21 37 13-17 16-19
35 16-20 18-22 35 14-18 16-20 35 12-16 14-18

To manage flow rates, applied psi with different beers should stay within 5psi
 Gas Blend Calculators
Easy Blend Easy Volumes Easy Psig
Enter these values: Enter these values: Enter these values:

Temperature (oF) 38 Temperature (oF) 38 Temperature (oF) 38

Pressure (psig) 22 Pressure (psig) 22 Gas Blend (%CO2) 70

CO2 Content (vols/vol) 2.45 Blend (% CO2) 70 CO2 Content (vols/vol) 2.45

Altitude (feet above sea level) 1000 Altitude (feet above sea level) 1000 Altitude (feet above sea level) 1000

Alcohol Content (% ABV) 5 Alcohol Content (% ABV) 5 Alcohol Content (% ABV) 5.0

Perfect Blend (CO2 %) 70% Volumes per Volume 2.45 Perfect Dispense Pressure 22

McDantim.com
 Pinpoint Carbonation
Tavern A Tavern B

-carbonated/sparkle -flat/dull