Reverse Osmosis

User’s Manual
Model
LT-200, LT-300

LT-300 Pictured
 This Page
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 Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................... 4
SAFETY .................................................................................................................................................... 4
FEED WATER AND OPERATION SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................ 5
REJECTION, RECOVERY AND FLOW RATES ...................................................................................... 5
SYSTEM INSTALLATION AND START-UP PROCEDURES .................................................................. 6
MEMBRANE ELEMENTS ......................................................................................................................... 8
LT-200, LT-300 SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION .......................................................................................... 11
LT-200 MEMBRANE FLOW DIAGRAM .................................................................................................. 15
LT-300 MEMBRANE FLOW DIAGRAM .................................................................................................. 16
DESIGN BASIS FOR LT-200, LT 300 .................................................................................................... 17
OPERATING DO’s AND DON’Ts ........................................................................................................... 18
MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES ........................................................................................................... 18
MEMBRANE REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT .................................................................................... 20
PREPARING UNIT FOR STORAGE OR SHIPMENT ............................................................................ 22
REVERSE OSMOSIS TROUBLESHOOTING ........................................................................................ 23
TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS FOR MEMBRANE ........................................................... 25
OPERATION ........................................................................................................................................... 27
DRAWINGS............................................................................................................................................. 28

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 INTRODUCTION

Your LT-Series system is a durable piece of equipment which, with proper care, will last
for many years. This User’s Manual outlines installation, operation, maintenance and
troubleshooting details vital to the sustained performance of your system.

The test results which are included with this User’s Manual indicate your system’s
permeate (product) and concentrate ((waste) test results.

If your system is altered

ed at the site of operation or if the feed water conditions change,
please
ease contact your local dealer or distributor to determine the proper recovery for your
application.

NOTE: IN ORDER TO MAINTAIN THE MANUFACTURER’S WARRANTY, AN

OPERATING LOG MUST BE MAINTAINED AND COPIES WILL NEED TO BE SENT TO
YOUR LOCAL DEALER OR DISTRIBUTOR FOR REVIEW.

NOTE: PRIOR TO OPERATING OR SERVICING THE REVERSE OSMOSIS

SYSTEM, THIS USER’S MANUAL MUST BE READ AND FULLY UNDERSTOOD. KEEP
KEE
THIS AND OTHER ASSOCIATED INFORMATION FOR FUTURE REFERENCE AND
FOR NEW OPERATORS OR QUALIFIED PERSONNEL NEAR THE SYSTEM.
SYSTEM

SAFETY

The Safety section of this User’s Manual outlines the various safety headings used
throughout this manual’s text and are enha
enhanced and defined below:

NOTE: INDICATES STATEMENTS THAT PROVIDE FURTHER INFORMATION AND

CLARIFICATION.

CAUTION: INDICATES STATEMENTS THAT ARE USED TO IDENTIFY

CONDITIONS OR PRACTICES THAT COULD RESULT IN EQUIPMENT OR OTHER
PROPERTY DAMAGE.

WARNING: INDICATES STATEMENTS THAT ARE USED TO IDENTIFY

CONDITIONS OR PRACTICES THAT COULD RESULT IN INJURY OR LOSS OF LIFE.
FAILURE TO FOLLOW WARNINGS COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR EVEN
DEATH.

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 DO NOT UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCE REMOVE ANY CAUTION,
TION, WARNING,
WARNING
OR OTHER DESCRIPTIVE LABELS FROM THE SYSTEM.

FEED WATER AND OPERATION SPECIFICATIONS

Nothing has a greater effect on a reverse osmosis system than the feed water quality.
quality

NOTE: IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO MEET THE MINIMUM FEED WATER

REQUIREMENTS. FAILURE TO DO SO WILL CAUSE THE MEMBRANES TO FOUL
AND VOID THE MANUFACTURER’S WARRANTY.

OPERATING LIMITS

NOTE: HIGHER TDS AND/OR LOWER TEMPERATURES WILL REDUCE THE

SYSTEM’S PRODUCTION.

REJECTION, RECOVERY AND FLOW RATES

LT-Series reverse
everse osmosis systems are designed to produce permeate water at the
capacities indicated by the suffix in the system’s name under the conditions listed
above. For example, the LT-3 300 produces 300 gallons per day of permeate water at
the listed operating test conditions.

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The amount of total dissolved solids (TDS) rejected by the membrane is expressed as a
percentage. For example, a 98.5% rejection rate means that 98.5% of total dissolved
solids do not pass through the membrane. To calculate the % rejection, use the
following formula:

% Rejection = [(Feed TDS – Product TDS) / Feed TDS] x 100

Example:

98.5% = [(550-8.25)/550] x 100

NOTE: ALL TDS FIGURES MUST BE EXPRESSED IN THE SAME UNITS,

TYPICALLY PARTS PER MILLION (PPM) OR MILLIGRAMS PER LITER (MG/L).

LT-Series reverse osmosis systems are designed to reject up to 98.5% NaCl, unless
computer projections have been provided or stated otherwise.

The amount of permeate water recovered for use is expressed as a percentage. To

calculate % recovery, use the following formula:

% Recovery = (Product Water Flow Rate / Feed Water Flow Rate) x 100

Example:

28% = (0.14/0.50) x 100

NOTE: ALL FLOW RATES MUST BE EXPRESSED IN THE SAME UNITS,

TYPICALLY GALLONS PER MINUTE (GPM).

SYSTEM INSTALLATION AND START-UP PROCEDURES

1. Inspect the system for any damage that could have occurred during shipment.
Although our systems have been individually inspected, complete a quick inspection
of the fittings, tubing and other components.
2. Please provide a reasonable amount of space for installation and leave 6 inches of
space below the filter housings for ease of maintenance.

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 NOTE: THE REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM SHOULD BE INSTALLED
INDOORS AND IT IS SUGGESTED THAT IT NOT BE IN DIRECT SUNLIGHT OR
EXTREME COLD.

3. Connect the 3/8” or 1/4” tube fitting to an incoming water source. The minimum
water pressure should be at least 30 psi. The system’s minimum operating pressure
is 80 PSI, but the optimum operating pressure is 100 psi.

NOTE: DO NOT OPERATE AT A PRESSURE EXCEEDING 125 PSI. The

operating pressure can be increased on the face of the booster pump by turning the
hex screw clockwise.

4. Connect the concentrate 1/4” tubing (waste) line to drain.

5. Plug the booster pump transformer into a power supply of 110 or 220 volts.
6. This system has been designed with an auto-flush restrictor. This restrictor
automatically flushes the reverse osmosis system for 30 seconds every time it starts
up and once every hour when the system is producing water.

NOTE: THE TANK PRESSURE SWITCH WILL SHUT THE SYSTEM OFF
AUTOMATICALLY WHEN THE BLADDER TANK IS FULL.

7. The sediment filter and carbon must be serviced regularly for optimal performance.
The filters and water quality should be checked every two weeks minimum.
8. Dispose of the product water until the conductivity of the product water reaches your
desired level. Use any TDS or Conductivity meter to monitor the product water
quality. A minimum quality of 96% NaCl rejection is recommended.

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 NOTE: ANY CHLORINE EXPOSURE WILL DAMAGE THE MEMBRANE
PERMANENTLY.

9. This system has been factory wired and preset with a pressure switch at 20 - 40 psi,
which is only to be used with a pressurized bladder tank. If using an atmospheric
storage tank, a float switch will be required to turn the system on and off.

MEMBRANE ELEMENTS

LT-Series reverse osmosis systems come pre-loaded with Thin Film Composite (TFC)
HF4 High Flow Low Energy membranes, unless otherwise specified. General
membrane element performance characteristics are listed on the next page.

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HF4-STANDARD

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NF3-OPTIONAL

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NF4-OPTIONAL

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 LT-200, LT-300 SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION

FIGURE 1A

NUMBER IDENTIFICATION

1. Solenoid Valve – Turns On/Off Feed Water

2. 5 Micron Sediment – Removes particulates
3. 10 Micron Carbon Block - Removes chlorine
4. GAC Polishing- Removes chlorine, odor and taste
5. RO Pump - Pressurizes RO System
6. Pressure Gauge – Measures pump discharge pressure
7. Pressure Switch – Turns the pump off at 40 PSI feed pressure
8. Permeate Check Valve – Protects membranes from back pressure
9. Flow Restrictor – Restricts flow on the concentrate line
10. Pressure Vessel – Houses Membrane Elements

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FIGURE 1B

FIGURE 1C
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FIGURE 1D

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 LT-200 MEMBRANE FLOW DIAGRAM

FIGURE 1E

Note: Black arrows represent concentrate water and white arrows represent permeate
water.

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 LT-300 MEMBRANE FLOW DIAGRAM

FIGURE 1F

Note: Black arrows represent concentrate water and white arrows represent permeate
water.

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 DESIGN BASIS FOR LT-200, LT 300

WARNING: NEVER EXCEED THE MAXIMUM PRESSURE RATING OF

YOUR SYSTEM.

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 OPERATING DO’s AND DON’Ts

DO:
• Change the cartridge filters regularly

• Monitor the system and keep a daily log

• Run the system as much as possible on a continuous basis.

• Always feed the pump with filtered water.

DON’T
• Permit chlorine to enter or be present in the feed water.

• Shut down the system for extended periods.

• Operate the system with insufficient feed flow.

• Operate the pump dry.

MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

1. Periodically observe the quality and quantity of product water from the system.

NOTE: CHECK THE FEED WATER PRESSURE GOING INTO THE

REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANE, A SIGNIFICANT DROP IN PRESSURE
COULD INDICATE A FOULED PRE-FILTER.
2. A 20% increase in TDS when checking the permeate water indicates possible
membrane damage, and the membrane may need to be replaced.
3. It is suggested that a hand held TDS digital meter is used once per week to monitor
the water quality.

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 NOTE: IF THE TDS OF THE FEED WATER EXCEEDS 1000 PPM OF
NACL, A LARGER FLOW RESTRICTOR SHOULD BE USED TO EXTEND THE
MEMBRANE LIFE.
4. It is important to maintain and/or replace the carbon block regularly since the Thin
Film Composite membranes are chlorine sensitive. Irreversible damage will occur
with any chlorine present in the feed water. For additional information, please
review the manufacturer’s membrane specification sheets.
5. The product line has a one way check valve installed. The check valve should be
checked regularly and replaced if it is not properly sealing.
6. Keep the feed water temperature above 4°C (36°F).

NOTE: EXTREMELY COLD FEED WATER WILL LOWER THE PRODUCT

WATER OUTPUT AND INCREASE PUMP PRESSURE.

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 MEMBRANE
BRANE REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT

Replacing membranes in the pressure vessels is an easy process if you have the
proper information and tools at hand. Please refer to the following instructions when
removing and replacing membrane elements:

WARNING: ALL PRESSURE GAUGES MUST READ ZERO BEFORE

PROCEEDING. BEFORE ATTEMPTING
ATTEMPTING, DISCONNECT THE POWER FROM THE
SYSTEM AND BLEED ALL WATER PRESSURE FROM THE SYSTEM.

1. Remove the end caps from the top of the membrane housings. This is done by
removing the white snap ring of the membrane housing.

2. Remove the membrane bag containing the membrane element from the shipping
box.

WEAR GLOVES FOR THE FOLLOWING STEPS IN ORDER NOT TO

CONTAMINATE THE MEMBRANE.

3. Cut the bag open as close as possible to the seal at the end of the bag, so the
bag may be re-used
used if necessary.

4. Make sure that all parts are clean and free fr

from
om dirt. Examine the brine seal and
permeate tube for nicks or cuts. Replace the O O-rings
rings or brine seal if damaged.

5. Flow directions should be observed for installation of each element into each
housing.

As time progresses,
ogresses, the efficiency of the membrane will be reduced. In general, the salt
rejection does not change significantly until two or three years after installation when
operated on properly pretreated feed water. The permeate flow rate will begin to decline
slightly after one year of operation, but can be extended with diligent flushing and
cleaning of the system. A high pH and/or precipitation of hardness can cause
premature loss in rejection.

REPLACING THE MEMBRANE ELEMENT:

WARNING: THE BRINE SEAL MUST BE IN THE SAME POSITION FOR

EACH MEMBRANE ELEMENT HOUSING, SO MARK EACH HOUSING PRIOR TO
REMOVING THE MEMBRANE ELEMENTS. THE BRINE SEAL IS A RUBBER SEAL

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THAT PROTRUDES ON ONE SIDE OF THE MEMBRANE AND IS ALWAYS ON THE
FEED SIDE OF THE MEMBRANE ELEMENT.

1. Remove one membrane element at a time from the membrane element

housings, from the top of the housing. Long nose pliers may be necessary to pull
the old membrane element out of the membrane element housing.

2. Lubricate the brine seal with non petroleum based lubricant, Silicone DC 111.

3. Install the brine seal side of the membrane element first. When the housings
have a direction of flow from bottom to top, the brine seal should be located at
the bottom of the housing.

4. At a slight angle, insert the membrane while slightly rotating the element being
careful not to tear or flip the brine seal. A slow twisting motion should be used to
insert the membrane element, to ensure the brine seal stays in place. Re-lube
the brine seal if necessary.

5. With a smooth and constant motion, push the membrane element into the
housing so the brine seal enters the housing without coming out of the brine seal
groove.

6. Re-install the end caps by gently twisting the end cap while pushing it onto the
housing. Ensure that you do not pinch or fatigue any O-rings while re-installing
the end plug. Push the end plug on until the outer diameter of the plug is flush
with the outer diameter of the membrane housing.

7. Insert the snap ring until it is fully seated. Install the locking clip if available.

8. Reconnect any fittings that may have been disconnected when the membrane
element housings were disassembled.

9. To start-up the system, please refer to the Start-Up section of this manual. (See
Page 6)

CAUTION: WET MEMBRANES ARE SHIPPED IN A PRESERVATIVE

SOLUTION. THE MEMBRANES MUST BE FLUSHED FOR AT LEAST 1 HOUR TO
REMOVE THE PRESERVATIVE FROM THE MEMBRANE. DISCARD ALL OF THE
PERMEATE AND CONCENTRATE, WHICH IS PRODUCED DURING THE FLUSH
PERIOD.

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 PREPARING UNIT FOR STORAGE OR SHIPMENT

Prior to shipping or storing your system, the system should be cleaned with an
appropriate cleaner, flushed with water and protected from biological attack with an
appropriate solution for membrane elements. The membrane housing(s) and plumbing
lines of the system must be completely drained. Any water remaining in the plumbing of
a system may freeze, causing serious damage.

Preparing system for storage:

1. Totally immerse the elements in the membrane housing in a solution of 2 %

Memstor, venting the air outside of the pressure vessels. Use the overflow
technique: circulate the Memstor solution in such a way that the remaining air in
the system is minimized after the recirculation is completed. After the pressure
vessel is filled, the Memstor solution should be allowed to overflow through an
opening located higher than the upper end of the highest pressure vessel being
filled.

2. Separate the preservation solution from the air outside. Any contact with oxygen
will oxidize the Memstor.

3. Check the pH once a week. When the pH becomes 3 or lower, change the
preservation solution.

4. Repeat this process at least once a month.

During the shutdown period, the plant must be kept frost-free, or the temperature must
not exceed 113°F (45°C).

Preparing unit for shipment:

5. Disconnect the inlet, concentrate, pre-filter, and permeate plumbing.

6. Drain all water from the pre-filter cartridge housings by unscrewing the housings,
removing the pre-filter cartridges, and drain the water from the housings.

7. Disconnect the tubing from the connectors on the permeate and concentrate
inlets and outlets.

8. Allow the system to drain for a minimum of eight hours or until the opened ports
quit dripping.

9. After draining is complete, reconnect all of the plumbing.

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 REVERSE OSMOSIS TROUBLESHOOTING

SYMPTOMS POSSIBLE CAUSES CORRECTIVE ACTION

Low supply pressure Increase inlet pressure
Cartridge filters plugged Change filters
Solenoid valve malfunction Replace sol. valve and/or coil
Low Inlet Pressure Motor may not be drawing correct Use clamp-on amp meter to check
current the motor amp draw.
Concentrate valve might be
Replace needle valve
damaged
Leaks Fix any visible leaks
Low inlet flow Adjust concentrate valve
Cold feed water See temperature correction sheet
Low Permeate Flow Low operating pressure See low inlet pressure
Defective membrane brine seal Inspect and/or replace brine seal
Fouled or scaled membrane Clean membranes
Damaged product tube o-rings Inspect and/or replace

High permeate flow Damaged or oxidized membrane Replace membrane

Exceeding maximum feed water
See temperature correction sheet
temperature
Low operating pressure See low inlet pressure
Poor permeate quality Damage product tube o-rings Inspect and/or replace
Damaged or oxidized membrane Replace membrane
Improve pretreatment to remove
Metal Oxide Fouling
metals. Clean with acid cleaners.
Optimize pretreatment for colloid
Colloidal Fouling removal. Clean with high pH anionic
cleaners.
Increase acid addition and
Scaling (CaSO4, CaSO3, BaSO4, antiscalant dosage for CaVO3 and
SiO2) CaCO4. Reduce recovery. Clean
with acid cleaners
Shock dosage of Sodium Bi-Sulfate.
Continuous feed of Sodium Bi-
Sulfate at reduced pH.
Biological Fouling
Membrane fouling Chlorination and de-chlorination.
Replace cartridge filters.

Activated Carbon or other

pretreatment. Clean with high pH
Organic Fouling
cleaner.

Check Chlorine feed equipment and

Chlorine Oxidation de-chlorination system.

Improve pretreatment. Check all

Abrasion of membrane by Crystalline
filters for media leakage.
Material

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ABNORMAL PERMEATE FLOW

Permeate flow should be within 20% of the rated production, after correcting the feed
water temperatures above or below 77°F. Check your permeate flow meter to
determine the permeate flow rate.

NOTE: TO DETERMINE THE TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTOR,

LOCATE THE TEMPERATURE CORRECTION TABLE IN THIS USER’S MANUAL
AND FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS

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 TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS FOR MEMBRANE
Find the temperature correction factor (TCF) from the table below. Divide the rated
permeate flow at 77°F by the temperature correction factor. The result is the permeate
flow at the desired temperature. (See example on the next page)

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If a system is rated to produce 5 gpm of permeate water @ 77˚ F, the same system will
produce more water at a higher temperature. It will also produce less water at a lower
temperature. Use the temperature correction table to obtain the correct flow.

Example:

5 gpm @ 59˚ F (5÷1.42=3.52 gpm)

5 gpm @ 77˚ F (5÷1=5 gpm)
5 gpm @ 84˚ F (5÷0.89=5.62 gpm)

SERVICE ASSISTANCE
If service assistance is required, please complete the following process:
Contact your local dealer or distributor. Prior to making the call, have the following
information available: system installation date, serial number, daily log sheets, current
operating parameters (e.g. flow, operating pressures, pH, etc.) and a detailed
description of the problem.

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 OPERATION

Date of Start-
Company:
____________________ Up: ___________________

Location: Date of Last

____________________ Cleaning: ___________________
Week Of:
____________________

System Serial #: ____________________

Date

Time

Hour of Operation

Filter inlet pressure (psi)

Filter outlet Pressure (psi)

Concentrate Pressure (psi)

Pump Discharge Pressure (psi)

Feed Flow (gpm)

Permeate Flow (gpm)

Concentrate Flow (gpm)

Recovery %

Feed Temperature

Feed TDS (ppm)

Permeate TDS (ppm)

Rejection %

Feed PH

Permeate PH

Scale Inhibitor Feed (ppm)

Iron (mg/L)

Free Chlorine (mg/L)

Hardness (gpg CaCO3)

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 DRAWINGS

FIGURE 2

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FIGURE 3

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FIGURE 4

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 LT-200 SYSTEM PART LIST

Item No. Qty. Part No. Description

1………1………..200773……VALVE, SOLENOID, 3/8” BSP, 24V

2………1………..200621……CART, SEDIMENT, POLYPRO, 2.5”x 10”, 5MIC

3………1………..200658……CART, CARBON, BLOCK, 2.5”x 10”, 10MIC

4………1………..200668……CARTRIDGE, CARBON, GAC, 2.5”x 10”

5………3………..200719……HOUS, FILT, WHT/WHT, 2.5”x 10”, DBL O-RING

6………1………..200768……PUMP, BOOSTER, 8800, 3/8” QC, AQUATEC

7………1………..202436……GAUGE, BKM, NO FILL, 0-160PSI/BAR, 1.5” DIA

8………1………..202581……MHS, PVC, 2514, 3/8”x 3/8” SP FNPT, SYSTEMS

9………2………..200762……SWITCH, TANK, PRESSURE, 20-40PSI, 1/4” QC

10….….1………..200772……REST, FIXED, 800ML/MIN, AUTO FLUSH, 1/4” QC

11….….1………..200963……VALVE, CHECK, PP, 1/4” FNPT x 1/4” FNPT

12….….1………..200386……MEM, HF4, 2514, SYSTEMS

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 LT-300 SYSTEM PART LIST

Item No. Qty. Part No. Description

1………1………..200773……VALVE, SOLENOID, 3/8” BSP, 24V

2………1………..200621……CART, SEDIMENT, POLYPRO, 2.5”x 10”, 5MIC

3………1………..200658……CART, CARBON, BLOCK, 2.5”x 10”, 10MIC

4………1………..200668……CARTRIDGE, CARBON, GAC, 2.5”x 10”

5………3………..200719……HOUS, FILT, WHT/WHT, 2.5”x 10”, DBL O-RING

6………2………..200768……PUMP, BOOSTER, 8800, 3/8” QC, AQUATEC

7………1………..202436……GAUGE, BKM, NO FILL, 0-160PSI/BAR, 1.5” DIA

8………1………..202519……MHS, PVC, 2521, 3/8”x 3/8” SP FNPT, SYSTEMS

9………2………..200771……SWITCH, TANK, PRESSURE, 20-40PSI, 3/8” QC

10….….1………..200772……REST, FIXED, 800ML/MIN, AUTO FLUSH, 1/4” QC

11….….1………..200963……VALVE, CHECK, PP, 1/4” FNPT x 1/4” FNPT

12….….1………..200387……MEM, HF4, 2521, SYSTEMS

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 LT-200 FLOW DIAGRAM

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 LT-300 FLOW DIAGRAM

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