EASY GO "Automated Fare Collection System"
EASY GO "Automated Fare Collection System"
Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
EASY GO “Automated Fare Collection System”
Sreelakshmi C.V1 ,Steffi Antony2 , Uthara k3 , Smitha Joseph4
1., 2, 3, 4Department of Computer & Engineering
1., 2, 3, 4Sahrdaya College of Engineering and Technology Kodakara,Kerala,India
Abstract:-The paper presents a comfort tension free and Some conventional ticketing systems presently under use are
easy way of travelling. For this we are introducing an the ticket, which could be a token, a paper ticket or online bus
automated fare collection system which involves the ticketing. Faulty planning of transport systems is a major
combined usage of smart cards and GPS technology. This cause of its relatively poor public transportation. In this paper
helps to reduce manpower in the field of public we are implementing a model which can overcome the
transportation. The smart card can be used for entering drawbacks in current scenario by a suitable and integrated
and leaving the bus. Public transportation poses a higher approach.
risk of safety and security since there happen to be more
passengers in a single bus. As a developing country, the The rest of the paper is organized in to six sections. Section II
problem becomes worse in India because of the lack of is problem definition. Section III is existing system. Section
suitable and integrated approaches. So here the buses will IV is proposed model. Section V is system architecture.
be fitted with panic button alarms in an effort to protect Section VI is result and conclusion.
women from sexual violence on public transport. For
ensuring the safety of the public, the moving pedestrian is II. PROBLEM DEFINITION
detected using image processing. There is a separate stop
announcement system which alerts the passengers prior to The present conventional method of ticketing is monotonous.
next halt. Since the volume of passengers is very high, manual ticket
buying concept involves a lot of time, wastage of paper and
Keywords:-Index Terms Radio-frequency identification manpower. This system is highly unsuitable in the case of
(RFID), Global Positioning System (GPS), Public Transport safety and security when there is a huge rush of passengers.
System(PTS), Programmable interface controller(PIC). And also women safety in public transport is one of the key
challenges across the globe. Lack of safe reliable and
I. INTRODUCTION accessible transportation is critical for women
India's growing economy has witnessed a rise in demand for because it affects their access to work, education and
transport infrastructure and contributes 6.4% to the GDP of opportunities. Accidents involving public transit vehicles like
the country. In Indian cities buses take up over 90% of public a bus can cause serious injury to multiple passengers. If you
transport and serve as an important mode of transport. From a are injured while using public transportation, you face special
social perspective, public transport is the only means of legal issues when pursuing a personal injury lawsuit. When
transport for the poor, it also provides greater access to bus reaches a station, it’s a big problem for many passengers
education, health care and recreation. The rising levels of to know the destination.
congestion and pollution found in most of the cities can be
attributed directly to the rapidly increasing number of private III. EXISTING SYSTEM
cars in use. To reduce this existing lifestyles in our cities,
attempts must be made to inspire people to bring down the At the present stage we are using paper tickets for public
usage their private cars and public transportation more. transportation which is ejected from a handy machine. This
machine is interfaced with a keypad and has tickets rolled
Convenience is the next advantage most buses run on a set inside in it. When a destination is selected ,corresponding
schedule that you can expect your commuting time around. details are printed on the ticket and then ejected out. This
You do not require any longer roaming throughout for parking whole process needs manpower. There are three main
or sitting in traffic. You just simply get off the bus when you disadvantages in the existing system. One of the major
arrived at your destination. Some people may say that buses drawbacks is cash transaction which ultimately creates many
take longer than driving, but if you consider that driving is a other problems like availability of change. Another problem
kind of wasting of time, then, you should better spend reading with the present system is no track of customer information is
or relaxing while leaving the process of driving to someone maintained, thus for a more populated country like India it
else. Public transport can preserve the environment. Also becomes an issue of major insecurity. There is no provision
public transportation has good accessibility in big cities. The for the passengers to know about the destination.
use of public transportation could thus save both money and
time lost in traffic jams.
IJISRT18FB286 www.ijisrt.com 956
Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
IV. PROPOSED MODEL capable of recharging, so that the passenger can use it again
and again. Combining GPS technology and smart cards we
To obviate the limitations of the conventional ticketing can design a complete bus ticketing system. An automatic bus-
system an automated fare collection (AFC) system stop announcement system is also provided which works on
methodology is proposed. All the passengers are provided GPS technology. It has a very clear display and the sound
with smart card. The smart card is rechargeable and this can redirected by it is of fine quality. Buses will be fitted with
be used in two ways; the first one is by entering the panic button alarms in an effort to protect women from sexual
destination, in this the user can directly enter the desired violence on public transport. The buttons will be placed in
destination. Secondly the user can swipe the card while every specified places and when pressed, send an emergency
entering and leaving the bus. Depending on the distance alert to the control room at a local police station. The buses
travelled, the money will be deducted from the card. Smart will be slow down when approaching pedestrian crossing until
cards are capable of providing the authentication, he has become aware that he may do so without endangering
identification, application processing and data storage. These the safety of persons. A microcontroller is used to control the
smart card can be used for the passenger identifications. Every entire system. GPS and smart card reader are interfaced with
passenger carries a smart card. The smart card has the the microcontroller. It can be further connected with liquid
information such as user identification number, available crystal display and key board for interface.
balance and status register .These smart cards should be
Fig1:- Block diagram
V. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE Every time the unit is switched on, it will give a welcome
note with mode selection. Then the user has to swipe his/her
The major constituents of this Automated fare collection smart card. The modes are selected via keypad interfaced.
system are: Either the user can directly enter the destination or he/she can
Microcontroller-PIC16F87XA Comparator-LM358 swipe the smart card while entering and leaving the bus.
IR pair-IR LED, PHOTO DIODE
Motor Driver-1293D When he/she enters the destination the already saved
DC Motor kilometers are identified and accordingly money will be
Zigbee deducted. When smart card is swiped while entering
LCD Display and leaving the bus, the distance is calculated using GPS
RFID Reader and money will get deducted.
APR
B. Stop Announcement
A. Fare Deduction
An automatic bus stop announcement system is also provided
which works on GPS technology. It has a very clear display
IJISRT18FB286 www.ijisrt.com 957
Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
and sound redirected by, it is of fine quality. This is described a methodology for calculating destination of each
implemented using APR module connected to PIC. passenger from AFC system data. Nowadays almost everyone
has ATM card or credit card this system can be upgraded by
C. Ensuring Security changing the program for using ATM card or credit card
instead of smart cards
Bus will be fitted with panic button alarms in an effort to
protect women from sexual violence on public transport. The
buttons will be placed in every specified places and when
pressed, send an emergency alert to the control room at local
police station. Not only women, in dangerous situation
anybody can press the panic key and make aware the
authorities about emergency.
D. Pedestrian Detection
Moving pedestrian is detected using image processing. The
bus will slow down when approaching pedestrian crossing
until he has become aware that he/she is safe.
Fig 3 :- Design Circuit
VII. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We would like to express our deepest appreciation to all those
who provided us the possibility to complete this paper. A
special gratitude we give to our final year project guide,
Mrs.Smitha Joseph, whose contribution in stimulating
suggestions and encouragements.
REFERENCES
[1]. Smart Card in PublicTransportation: Designing aAnalysis
System at the HumanScale,2016 IEEE 19thInternational
Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)
Windsor Oceanico Hotel, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil,November 1- 4,2016/1336 .
[2]. “Tap & Pay”Universal Transport Billing SystemUsing
RFID Smart Card .International Journal Of Engineering
And Computer Science ,Volume 3 Issue 11 November,
2014 Page No. 9260-9264.
[3]. RFID and Android Based Smart Ticketing and
Destination Announcement System.2016 Intl. Conference
on Advances in Computing, Communications and
Informatics (ICACCI), Sept. 21-24, 2016, Jaipur, India.
[4]. GPS based Automated Public Transport Fare Collection
Systems Based on Distance Travelled By Passenger
Using Smart Card. International Journal of Scientific
Fig 2:- Circuit diagram Engineering and Research Design and implementation of
an SMS based home securitysystem,2005IEEEpaper
VI. RESULT AND CONCLUSION
By implementing this paper as a real time project many
drawbacks mentioned early can be rectified. The time taken by
the microcontroller for computation will be in few
microseconds, so time consumption is reduced. This paper
