Tutorial 5

Civil
TUTORIAL 5. TWO COLUMN
HAMMERHEAD PIER

Summary ····························································································································· 1
Analysis Model and Load Cases / 1

Structural Modeling Using Nodes and Elements ········································· 3

Preferences Setting and Material Property Data Entry / 3

Create the Pier Base with Plate Elements / 4
Loading Data Entry / 21

Perform Structural Analysis ·················································································· 25

Verification and Interpretation of Analysis Results ·································· 25

Load Combination / 25
Check the Deformed Shape / 27
Check the Stresses / 28
 TUTORIAL 5.
TWO COLUMN HAMMERHEAD PIER

Summary
This example presents a hammerhead pier commonly encountered in the design
of bridge structures. This chapter has been organized so that the user can easily
follow the instructions from the modeling to the interpretation of analysis results.
It is assumed that the user has become familiar with the functions presented
previously in “Tutorial 1”. In this example, the Icon Menu is mainly used,
similar to “Tutorial 4”.

Analysis Model and Load Cases

The summary of the structural shape and model of the hammerhead pier is
shown in Fig.5.1 and 5.2.

We will consider only the following two load cases for modeling:

 Load Case 1: Vertical load P1 = 430 kN

 Load Case 2: Seismic load P2 = 520 kN

It is assumed that the boundary condition at the base of the pier is completely
fixed.

The present example focuses on the functions of midas Civil. Therefore, the
engineering assumptions adopted here may be different from the practical
applications. The basic items previously described concerning the functions of
midas Civil have been omitted from this example.

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Tutorial 5

Figure 5.1 View of the Hammerhead Pier Model

P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1
Unit : m
P2

Origin Point

Figure 5.2 Front and Side Views of Hammerhead Pier

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 Structural Modeling Using Nodes and Elements

Structural Modeling Using Nodes and Elements

Preferences Setting and Material Property Data Entry

Open a new file ( New Project) to model the pier and save the file as “pier” (
Save).

Click the unit system selection button of Status Bar at the bottom of the screen
and select “kN” and “m”.

The modeling will be performed using principally the Icon Menu, similar to the
previous “Tutorial 4. Arch Bridge”. Refer to “Tutorial 4” for the method of
displaying the icons in the working window.

The material properties of the pier are as follows:

Figure 4.3 Material Properties

dialog box

Figure 4.4 Material Data dialog box

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Tutorial 5

1. Click Material under Property tab of Tool bar.

2. Click (Fig.5.3).
3. Confirm “1” in the Material Number field of General (Fig.5.4).
4. Select “Concrete” in the Type selection field.
5. Confirm “ASTM (RC)” in the Standard selection field of Concrete.
6. Select “Grade C3000 ” in the DB selection field.
7. Click .
8. Click .

In this example, plate elements will be expanded to a specific direction to generate

solid elements (by Extrude Elements) rather than modeling the pier directly with
solid elements. The modeling procedure is as follows:

 Use rectangular plate elements to model the footing. Model the part that
connects to a column with circular plate elements to reflect the circular
shape of the column.
 Extrude the generated lower plane (plate elements) extending into the
depth of the pier footing vertically.
 Select the circular-shaped plate intended for the column and extend the
plate vertically to form the circular column by extruding it for the full
height of the column.
 Move the relevant plate elements previously modeled upward to the top
of the coping for modeling.
 Subdivide the above plate elements moved from the lower part, based
on the coping depths. Project the plate elements vertically onto the
lower-sloped planes to complete the coping model.

Create the Pier Base with Plate Elements

Use Structure Wizard to create the portion of the circular column within the
lower plane of the footing (Fig.5.5).

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 Structural Modeling Using Nodes and Elements

1. Select Geometry>Structure Wizard>Plate from the Menu tab of the

Tree Menu.
2. Select the circular plate ( ) in the Type1 selection field of the
Input tab (Fig.5.5(a)).
3. Enter “0.8” in the R selection field.
4. Enter “2” in the Material selection field.
5. Enter “1” in the Thickness selection field.
6. Select “Number of Divisions” in the Edit tab (Fig.5.5(b)).
7. Enter “16” in the m selection field.
8. Enter “4” in the n selection field.
9. Enter “-4,0,0” in the Insert Point field of the Insert tab.
10. Enter “-90” in the Alpha field of Rotations (Fig.5.5(c)).
11. Check () “Show No.” of Origin Point and select “3(0.8,0,0.8)” in
the right selection field.
12. Click .
13. Click Auto Fitting.
14. Click Top View.

15. Click Point Grid and Point Grid Snap (Toggle off).
Toggle off Point Grid as
it is of no use in this
example.

(a) Input Tab (b) Edit Tab (c) Insert Tab

Figure 5.5 Plate Wizard window

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Tutorial 5

Use Group to attribute a name to the circular plate in advance for the sake of
convenience later when the plate is selected and extruded to create the circular
column.

1. Click Group.
2. Right-click the mouse in the Structure Group to select “New”, and then
enter “Circular Column”.
3. Click Select All.
4. From the Structure Group drag “Circular Column” with the mouse
being left-clicked to the model window.

Drag & Drop

Figure 5.6 Group dialog bar

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 Structural Modeling Using Nodes and Elements

Now, create the rectangular plate elements in the vicinity of the circular plate to
build up the footing.

1. Click Create Nodes.

2. Enter “-3, 0, 0” in the Coordinates (x, y, z) field.
3. Enter “1” in Number of Times of the Copy selection field.
4. Enter “0, 1, 0” in the Distances (dx, dy, dz) field.
5. Click .
6. Enter “-4, 1, 0” in the Coordinates (x, y, z) field.
7. Enter “0” in Number of Times of the Copy selection field.
8. Click .
9. Click Divide Nodes.
10. Confirm “Equal Distance” of Divide.
11. Enter “3” in the Number of Divisions field.
12. Click Node Number (Toggle on).
13. Use Mouse Editor in the Nodes to Divide field to successively assign
nodes 66 and 67, 67 and 68.
14. Click Create Elements.
15. Select “Plate” in the Element Type selection field and confirm “4
Nodes”.
16. Confirm “Thick” in the Type selection field.
17. Confirm “1” in the No. selection field of Material.
18. Confirm “1” in the No. selection field of Thickness.
19. Assign sequentially nodes 66, 69, 9, 5 to create plate element 65.
20. Assign sequentially nodes 69, 70, 13, 9 to create plate element 66.
21. Assign sequentially nodes 70, 67, 71, 13 to create plate element 67.
22. Assign sequentially nodes 13, 71, 72, 17 to create plate element 68.
23. Assign sequentially nodes 17, 72, 68, 21 to create plate element 69.

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Tutorial 5

Create temporary line elements along the right edge to extrude the line elements
to generate the plate elements in the + X direction (Fig.5.7).

1. Select “Truss” in the Element Type selection field of the Create

Elements dialog bar.
2. Confirm the check () in Node of the Intersect selection field.
3. Assign successively nodes 66 and 67.
4. Click Select Recent Entities (select truss elements 70, 71 and
Click Query Elements

72).
and select the element
for which you desire to 5. Click Extrude Elements.
find the element
information which is
6. Select “Line Elem.Planar Elem.” in the Extrude Type selection field.
displayed at the bottom 7. Confirm the check () in “Remove” in the Source selection field.
of the screen in the
Message window, or, 8. Select “Plate” in the Element Type selection field of Element Attribute.
toggle on Fast Query at
9. Confirm “Thick” in the Type selection field.
the bottom of the
screen (Fig.5.7-) to 10. Confirm “Translate” in the Generation Type selection field.
get the information on
the screen by placing 11. Confirm “Equal Distance” in the Translation selection field.
the mouse on the 12. Enter “0.5, 0, 0” in the dx, dy, dz field and “6” in the Number of
desired element.
Times field.
13. Click .

Figure 5.7 Creating Plate Elements

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 Structural Modeling Using Nodes and Elements

Use a procedure similar to the previous steps to create the plate elements along
the width of the footing (Fig.5.8).

1. Click Create Elements.

2. Confirm “Truss” in the Element Type selection field.
3. Confirm the check () in Node of the Intersect selection field.
4. Use Mouse Editor to assign consecutively nodes 68 and 96.
5. Click Node Number (Toggle off).
6. Click Select Recent Entities.
7. Click Extrude Elements.
8. Select “Line Elem.Planar Elem.” in the Extrude Type selection field.
9. Confirm the check () in “Remove” in the Source selection field.
10. Confirm “Plate” in the Element Type selection field of Element Attribute.
11. Confirm “Equal Distance” in the Translation selection field.
12. Enter “0, 0.5, 0” in the dx, dy, dz field and “5” in the Number of
Times field.
13. Click .

Figure 5.8 Creating Plate Elements

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Tutorial 5

Use Mirror Elements and Reflection (symmetric duplication) to create the

half of the footing plate.

1. Click Group and Select All.

2. Select “Circular Column” under Structural Group list on the left side
of the screen and click Unselect with the mouse being right-clicked.
3. Click Mirror Elements.
4. Confirm “Copy” in the Mode selection field.
5. Select “z-x plane” in the Reflection selection field and confirm “0” in
the y field.
6. Click .
7. Click Select Previous.
8. Select “y-z plane” in the Reflection selection field and enter “-4” in
the x field.
9. Click .
10. Select Recent Entities.
11. Select “z-x plane” in the Reflection selection field and confirm “0” in
the y field.
12. Click (Fig. 5.9).

Figure 5.9 Completed Plate Elements for a half of the footing

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 Structural Modeling Using Nodes and Elements

Assign group names to different parts to facilitate the selection process during
the creation of solid elements (footing, circular column, coping, etc.) extruded
from the footing plate. Refer to Fig.5.10 to assign group names by areas.

1. Click Group.
2. Right-click the mouse in the Structure Group to select “New…” and
then “Coping” in name and “1 to 5” in Suffix.
3. Click Select Window to select the relevant elements as shown in
Fig.5.10.
4. From the Structure Group drag “Coping 1” with the mouse being left-
clicked to the model window.
5. After selecting the relevant elements as per the figure, drag “Coping 2”
with the mouse being left-clicked and drop it in the model window.
6. After selecting the relevant elements as per the figure, drag “Coping 3”
with the mouse being left-clicked and drop it in the model window.
7. After selecting the relevant elements as per the figure, drag “Coping 4”
with the mouse being left-clicked and drop it in the model window.
8. After selecting the relevant elements as per the figure, drag “Coping 5”
with the mouse being left-clicked and drop it in the model window.

Coping 1

Coping 2 Coping 3 Coping 4 Coping 5

Figure 5.10 Group Definition

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Tutorial 5

Use the footing plate created previously and Extrude Elements to create the
footing (Fig.5.11).

1. Click Iso View.

2. Click Select All.
3. Click Extrude Elements.
4. Select “Planar Elem.Solid Elem.” in the Extrude Type selection
field.

Remove Source 5. Check () “Move” in the Source selection field.
removes the existing
source elements after 6. Confirm “Solid” in the Element Type selection field of the Element
using Extrude Attribute.
Elements.
Remove Source must
7. Confirm “1: Grade C3000 ” in the Material selection field.
be unchecked if the 8. Confirm “Translate” in the Generation Type selection field.
source elements are to
be used again. 9. Confirm “Equal Distance” in the Translation selection field.
10. Enter “0, 0, 0.5” in the dx, dy, dz field and “4” in Number of Times.
11. Click (Fig.5.11).

Figure 5.11 Completed Footing

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 Structural Modeling Using Nodes and Elements

Select the circular column assigned by Group and create the column with solid
elements (Fig.5.12).

1. Click Group.
2. Select “Circular column” in the Structure Group and double-click
the mouse.
3. Click Extrude Elements.
4. Select “Planar Elem.Solid Elem.” in the Extrude Type selection field.
5. Remove the check () in “Remove” in the Source selection field.
6. Confirm “Solid” in Element Type of the Element Attribute selection field.
7. Confirm “1: Grade C3000 ” in the Material selection field.
8. Confirm “Translate” in the Generation Type selection field.
9. Select “Thickness” and confirm “Equal” in the Translation selection

Among the Extrude field.
functions, the
Thickness of 10. Enter “12” in the Number of Times field.
Translation extrudes 11. Enter “0.5” in the Thickness field.
plate elements in the
thickness direction 12. Confirm “+z” in the Direction selection field.
(ECS z-direction).
This is an extremely 13. Click .
convenient feature
when extruding plate
elements forming a
curvature.

Figure 5.12 Completed Circular Column

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Tutorial 5

Translate the plate elements at the top of the footing upward to the top level of
the coping to extrude the coping.

1. Click Group.
2. Double-click and select “Coping 1” in Structure Group.
3. Click Translate Elements.
4. Select “Move” in the Mode selection field.
5. Confirm “Equal Distance” in the Translation selection field.
6. Enter “0, 0, 8.5” in the dx, dy, dz field.
7. Click .

Figure 5.13 Coping Part at the Column

Activate Fig.5.13- to initiate the modeling of the coping.

1. Click Select Window and select Fig.5.13-.

2. Click Active (Fig.5.14).

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 Structural Modeling Using Nodes and Elements

2679

2745 2706
2694
2748
2768

Figure 5.14 Plate Element at the top of Coping

In order to project the plate elements at the top of the coping onto the lower
plane of the coping, copy the nodes corresponding to the boundaries to the level
of the lower plane. The projection of the plate elements will create the solid
elements (Fig.5.15).

1. Click Translate Nodes.

2. Click Select Single and select nodes 2768 and 2745 (Fig.5.14).
3. Confirm “Copy” in the Mode selection field.
4. Confirm “Equal Distance” in the Translation selection field.
5. Enter “0, 0, -1.5” in the dx, dy, dz field.
6. Confirm “1” in the Number of Times field.
7. Click .
8. Click Select Single and select nodes 2748 and 2694 (Fig.5.14).
9. Confirm “Equal Distance” in the Translation selection field.
10. Enter “0, 0, -2.5” in the dx, dy, dz field.
11. Confirm “1” in the Number of Times field.
12. Click .

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Tutorial 5

13. Click Select Single and select nodes 2706 and 2679 (Fig.5.14).
14. Confirm “Equal Distance” in the Translation selection field.
Extruding elements 15. Enter “0, 0, -2” in the dx, dy, dz field.
include Translate,
Rotate and project. 16. Confirm “1” in the Number of Times field.
Translate extrudes
17. Click (Fig. 5.15).
elements in a straight
lie direction. Rotate
extrudes elements in a
circular or spiral path.
Project extrudes
elements about a line,
plate, cylinder, cone,
sphere, ellipsoid,
element, etc.

2773
2769

2774
2770
2771
2772

Figure 5.15 Copying Nodes for the Coping Modeling

Sort the plate elements at the top of the coping by different zones and project
them onto the bottom of the coping (Fig.5.16).

1. Click Group.
2. Double-click “Coping 2” under the Structure Group.
3. Click Extrude Elements.
4. Select “Planar Elem.Solid Elem.” in the Extrude Type selection field.
5. Confirm the check () in “Remove” in the Source selection field.
6. Confirm “Solid” in Element Type of the Element Attribute selection field.
7. Confirm “1: Grade C3000 ” in the Material selection field.

8. Select “Project” in the Generation Type selection field.

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 Structural Modeling Using Nodes and Elements

9. Select “Project on a plane” in the Projection Type selection field.

10. Use Mouse Editor in Base Plane Definition and assign Nodes 2769,
2770 and 2772 consecutively.
11. Select “Direction Vector” in the Direction selection field and enter
“0, 0, -1”.
12. Select “Divide”.
13. Enter “5” in the Number of Divisions field.
14. Click .
15. Click Group.
16. Double-click “Coping 3” under the Structure Group.
17. Click Extrude Elements.
18. Select “Planar Elem.Solid Elem.” in the Extrude Type selection field.
19. Confirm the check () in “Remove” in the Source selection field.
20. Confirm “Solid” in Element Type of the Element Attribute selection field.
21. Confirm “1: Grade C3000 ” in the Material selection field.

22. Confirm “Translate” in the Generation Type selection field.
23. Confirm “Equal Distance” in the Translation selection field.
24. Enter “0, 0, -0.5” in the dx, dy, dz field.
25. Enter “5” in the Number of Times field.
26. Click .
27. Click Group.
28. Double-click “Coping 4” under the Structure Group.
29. Click Extrude Elements.
30. Select “Planar Elem.Solid Elem.” in the Extrude Type selection field.
31. Confirm the check () in “Remove” in the Source selection field.
32. Confirm “Solid” in Element Type of the Element Attribute selection field.
33. Confirm “1: Grade C3000 ” in the Material selection field.
34. Select “Project” in the Generation Type selection field.
35. Select “Project on a plane” in the Projection Type selection field.
36. Use Mouse Editor in the P1 field of Base Plane Definition and assign

nodes 2771, 2774 and 2773 consecutively.
37. Select “Direction Vector” in the Direction selection field and enter
“0, 0, -1”.
Base Plane Definition
38. Select “Divide”.
refers to the plane onto 39. Enter “5” in the Number of Divisions field.
which the elements are
extruded. 40. Click .

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Tutorial 5

41. Click Group.

42. Double-click “Coping 5” under the Structure Group.
43. Click Extrude Elements.
44. Select “Planar Elem.Solid Elem.” in the Extrude Type selection
field.
45. Confirm the check () in “Remove” in the Source selection field.
46. Confirm “Solid” in Element Type of the Element Attribute selection
field.
47. Confirm “1: Grade C3000 ” in the Material selection field.
48. Confirm “Translate” in the Generation Type selection field.
49. Confirm “Equal Distance” in the Translation selection field.
50. Enter “0, 0, -0.4” in the dx, dy, dz field.
51. Confirm “5” in the Number of Times field.
52. Click .

Figure 5.16 Completion of Coping

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 Structural Modeling Using Nodes and Elements

Delete all the plate elements used to create solid elements via extrude functions.
Use Mirror Elements to duplicate the half model symmetrically to create the
full model (Fig.5.18).

1. Click Active All.

2. Click Select Identity-Elements.
3. Select “PLATE” in the Select Type selection field.
4. Click .
5. Click .

 Delete Elements 6. Click Delete (Fig.5.17-).
and the Delete key
provide the same 7. Click Mirror Elements.
functional effect.
However, Delete
8. Confirm “Copy” in the Mode selection field.
Elements removes the 9. Confirm “y-z plane” in the Reflection selection field and confirm “0”
elements only by
in the x field.
selecting the free
nodes. 10. Click Select All.
11. Click (Fig. 5.18).

Figure 5.17 Creation of the Complete Structure

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Tutorial 5

Check the current nodal connections between contiguous elements following the
procedure outlined below.
Check and Remove
Duplicate Elements
Check if elements have been overlapped at the same locations or contiguous
checks if elements are elements sharing a common node have been miscreated during the element
overlapped at the same generation process. Remove such elements if detected.
locations. If this is the
case, it keeps only one
element and removes
the redundant 1. Select Model>Check Structure Data>Check and Remove Duplicate
elements. 
Elements from the Main Menu.
2. Select Model>Check Structure Data>Display Free Edge from the

Free Edge checks if the Main Menu (Toggle on) (Fig.5.18).
elements are properly
created for the structure. 3. Select Model>Check Structure Data>Display Free Edge from the
If the elements split or Main Menu (Toggle off).
overlap, Free Edge
changes the boundary
color for visual
verification.

Figure 5.18 Free Edge (Toggle on)

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 Structural Modeling Using Nodes and Elements

Loading Data Entry

Prior to specifying the loads, set up the Load Cases.

1. Select Load tab.

2. Click the button to the right of the Load Case Name dialog box.
3. Enter “Self Weight” in the Name field of the Static Load Cases dialog
box (Fig.5.19).
4. Select “Dead Load(D)” in the Type selection field.
5. Click .
6. Enter the remaining load cases in the Static Load Cases dialog box as
shown in Fig.5.19.
7. Click .

Figure 5.19 Static Load Cases dialog box

Specify the static load cases considered in this example.

1. Confirm “Self Weight” in the functions list of the Load tab.

2. Confirm “Self Weight” in the Load Case Name selection field.

3. Enter “-1” in the Z field of Self Weight Factor.
-1 in the Z-direction in 4. Click in the Operation selection field.
Self Weight Factor
represents the action of
the self-weight in the
direction of gravity.

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Tutorial 5

Select and activate only the nodes at the top of the structure to specify the
vertical loads applied to the top (Fig.5.20).

1. Click Select Plane.

2. Select “XY Plane” in the Plane tab and select a node at the top of the
coping part.
3. Enter “10.5” in Z position.
4. Click .
5. Click .
6. Click Active.
7. Click Top View.

P1

P2

Figure 5.20 Loading Locations

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 Structural Modeling Using Nodes and Elements

The locations of the vertical and seismic loads are shown in Fig. 5.20.

1. Click Select Window to select the parts loaded with P1 (Fig.5.20).

2. Select “Nodal Loads” in the Load tab.
3. Select “Vertical Load” in the Load Case Name selection field.
4. Confirm “Add” in the Options selection field.
5. Enter “-43” in the FZ field of Nodal Loads.
6. Confirm “0” in the remaining fields of Nodal Loads.
7. Click .
8. Click Select Window to select the parts loaded with P2 (Fig.5.20).
9. Select “Seismic Loads” in the Load Case Name selection field.
10. Confirm “Add” in the Options selection field.
11. Enter “51.6” in the FX field of Nodal Loads.
12. Confirm “0” in the remaining fields of Nodal Loads.
13. Click .
14. Click Iso View (Fig.5.21).

Figure 5.21 Display of Vertical and Seismic Loads

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Tutorial 5

Enter the boundary conditions.

1. Click Active All.

2. Click Select Plane.
3. Select “XY Plane” in the Plane tab.
4. Enter “0” in Z Position.
5. Click .
6. Click .
7. Select “Boundary” tab and confirm “Supports”.
8. Confirm “Add” in the Options selection field.
9. Check () “D-All” in the Support Type (Local Direction).
10. Click (Fig. 5.22).
11. Confirm the node entries for supports and click Redraw (Fig.5.22).

Figure 5.22. Completed Structure

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 Verification and Interpretation of Analysis Results

Perform Structural Analysis

Analyze the structure with the load cases provided.

1. Select Analysis>Analysis Options in the Main Menu.

2. Confirm “Multi Frontal Sparse Gaussian” in the Equation Solver.
3. Click .
4. Click Analysis.

Figure 5.23 Selection of Analysis Method

Verification and Interpretation of Analysis Results

Load Combination
We will examine the Linear Load Combination method for the 3 load cases
(self-weight, vertical loads and seismic loads) after the structural analysis has
been completed.

In this example, specify only one load combination case for simplicity and check
the results thereof. The load combination case has been arbitrarily chosen and
may differ from practical design applications.

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Tutorial 5

 Load Combination 1 (LCB1): 1.0 (Self-Weight + Vertical Loads +

Seismic Loads)

Figure 5.24 Load Combinations dialog box

Use Results>Combinations from the Main Menu to open the Load Combinations
dialog box (Fig.5.24) and specify the load combination as below.

1. Select Results>Combinations in the Main Menu.

2. Enter “LCB1” in the Name field of Load Combination List.
3. Confirm “Add” in the Type selection field.
4. Click the LoadCase selection field and use to select “Self
Weight(ST)” and confirm “1.0” in the Factor field.
5. Click the second selection field and use to select “Vertical
Load(ST)” and confirm “1.0” in the Factor field.
6. Click the third selection field and use to select “Seismic
Load(ST)” and confirm “1.0” in the Factor field.
7. Click .

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 Verification and Interpretation of Analysis Results

Check the Deformed Shape

Use the following procedure to review the deformed shape (Fig.5.26):

1. Select Results>Deformations>Displacement Contour in the Main

Menu.
2. Click Displacement Contour (Fig.5.25-).
3. Select “CB: LCB1” in the Load Cases/Combinations selection field.
4. Confirm “DXYZ” in the Components selection field.
5. Check () “Contour”, “Deform” and “Legend” in the Type of
Display selection field.
6. Click .

Figure 5.25 Displacement Contour

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Tutorial 5

Check the Stresses

Check the stresses in solid elements.

1. Select Solid Stresses in the Stresses tab.

2. Confirm “CB: LCB1” in the Load Cases/Combinations selection field.
3. Confirm “UCS” and “Avg. Nodal” in the Stress Options selection
field.
4. Select “Sig-Pmax” in the Components selection field.
5. Check () “Contour” and “Legend” in the Type of Display selection
field.
6. Click .

Figure 5.26 Resulting Stresses

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 Verification and Interpretation of Analysis Results

Use Zoom Dynamic, Rotate Dynamic, Render View and

Perspective to select the display of the resulting stresses with different view ports
(Fig.5.27).

Fig.5.27 View from the Bottom of the Pier

Check the stress distribution relative to a specific cutting plane of the solid
elements.

Define the plane first.

1. Select Model>Named Plane from the Main Menu.

2. Enter “plane 1” in the Plane Name field.
3. Select “Y-Z plane” in the Plane Type selection field.

Use Mouse Editor to 4. Enter “-4” in the X Position field.
define the desired Y-Z
plane among an infinite
5. Confirm “0.001” in the Tolerance field.
number of Y-Z planes. 6. Click in the Operations selection field (Fig. 5.28).

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Tutorial 5

Figure 5.28 Named Plane

1. Select Results>Stresses>Solid Stresses in the Main Menu.

2. Confirm “CB: LCB1” in the Load Cases/Combinations selection field.
3. Select “UCS” and “Avg. Nodal” in the Stress Options selection field.
4. Select “Sig-Pmax” in the Components selection field.
5. Check () “Legend” and “Cutting Plane” in the Type of Display
selection field.
6. Click the button to the right of the Cutting Plane selection field
(Fig.5.30).
7. Check () “plane 1” and “Current UCS x-z Plane” in the Named
Planes for Cutting selection field.
8. Select “Free Face”.
9. Click in the Cutting Plane Detail Dialog window to exit.
10. Click .

30
 Verification and Interpretation of Analysis Results

Click

(Fig.5.29-) to select
the motion direction of
the animation which
illustrates the resulting
stresses on the cutting
planes.

Figure 5.29 Cutting Plane Detail dialog box

Selecting On Cutting Figure 5.30 Resulting Stresses On Cutting Planes

Plane allows the user to
check the sectional
results visually on the
defined planes as
opposed to reviewing
the results on the
elements.

31
Tutorial 5


Local Direction Force Finally, check the results of Local Direction Force Sum.
Sum displays the
member forces of a
specific plane using the
nodal results. It is 1. Click Initial View.
effective when checking 2. Click Front View.
the member forces of
solid or plate elements.

Figure 5.31 Structure with GCS

32
 Verification and Interpretation of Analysis Results

1. Click Select Window to select the relevant elements (Fig.5.31-).

2. Click Active.
3. Click Iso View.
4. Select Results>Local Direction Force Sum in the Main Menu.
5. Select “Solid Face Polygon Select” in the Mode selection field.
6. Confirm “CB: LCB1” in the LoadCase selection field.
7. Enter “1” in the Tolerance field.
The direction of creating 8. Use Mouse Editor in the Coordinate Input field to mark a closed
a closed polygon
becomes the x-direction polygon, including the relevant section, in the counterclockwise

of the new coordinate direction.
system.

9. Confirm the removal of the check () in “z Vector”.
If z-Vector is not
checked(), the
10. Click .
direction of the first edge
of the polygon becomes
the z-direction. If z-
Vector is checked (),
the z-direction can be
defined separately on
the relevant plane.

Figure 5.32 Member Forces at the Coping-Column Joint Iso View

33