ERASMI, Opus Epistolarium 11, Oxford, 1947
ERASMI, Opus Epistolarium 11, Oxford, 1947
ERASMI, Opus Epistolarium 11, Oxford, 1947
r'S. ALLEN
COLLEOII OORPORIS OHRISTI OUM PRAE3IDEM
TOM. XI
1534-1536
EDIDEBVNT
Hf'M. ALLEN
HON. OAVSA M.A. OXON. NECNON PHIL.D. BASIUENSIS
COLLEGII S. HILDAE, OXON., HON. CAVSA SOCIA
ET
H. W. GARROD, M.A.
ACADEMIAE BRITANNICAB SOOIVS
OOLLBGn MERTONENSIS SOCIVS ET BIBLIOTHECARIVS
HON. CAVSA LITT.D. DVNELM.
ORDINIS BRITANNICI IMPBRII COMMENDATOR
5G0788_
3. i^- ^i
OXONII
IN TYPOGRAPHEO CLARENDONIANO
MCMXLVII
Oxford University Press, Amen House, London E.C. 4
EDINBURGH OLASGOW NEW YORK TORONTO MELBOURNE
WELLINGTON BOMBAY CALCtJTTA MADRAS CAPE TOWN
Qeojfrey Cumberlege, Publisher to the University
tl/
TABLE OF LETTERS
[* Not in LB. ** Printed here for the first time. + Autograph
II
Original, but not autograph.
Letters indented are written to Erasmus.]
1530
*2253^. (Fonseca.) S. P. Rme. praesul . . 13 Jan. 1530 Freiburg.
*+240l*. Gruyeres. S. Doctissime . . 27 Oct. 1530 Besanron.
1534 (continued)
1535
2987. Damian a Goes. Accepi . . II Jan. (1535) Freiburg.
*t2988. Paul III. Euangelicus . .
23 Jan. 1535 Freiburg.
*J2989. C. Gering. Clarissime . . 29 Jan. 1535 Augsburg.
*:2990. T. Gravius. S. P. Literas . .
3 Feb. 1535 Cologne.
**:2991. Bo. Amerbach. S. P.
Paulo .. 5 Feb. (1535) Basle.
*:2992. E. Schets. S. P. Ex . . 6 Feb. 1535 Antwerp.
*:2993. Choler. Praesagiebat . . 8 Feb. 1535 Augsburg.
2994. David Paungartner. Optima . . 13 Feb. 1535 Freiburg.
2995. David Paungartner. Adie
cimus . . (c 13 Feb. 1535
. Freiburg.)
*:2996. Bo. Amerbach. S. p. Scripsi . . 18 Feb. (1535 Freiburg.)
*:2997. E. Schets. Pergratum . . 21 Feb. 1535 Freiburg.
'*:2998. Goclenius. S. P. Proximis 25 Feb. 1535 Louvain.
*2999. Zuichemus. Non . . 26 Feb. 1535 Dulmen.
*|13000.Tomiczki. Nullum
S. P. . . 28 Feb. 1535 Freiburg.
*3001. Cochlaeus. S. P. Amice . . (c. March 1535 Freiburg.)
**:3002. J. Angelus Odonus.
Salue . . (c. March) 1535 Strasbourg.
*1|3003. Eschenfelder. S. P. Ma-
gno . . 12 March 1535 Boppard.
*:3004. Rinck. S. P. Varie . . 16 March 1535 Cologne.
3005. P. Merbelius & Jo. Baptista
Laurentia. Ad . . i8Marchi535 Freiburg.
*:3006. Caesarius. Expecto . . 29^^^0^(1535) Cologne.
:3007. F. Rupilius. (S.)D.Quid.. 29 March 1535 Rome.
*:3008. Louis of Spinula. Commo-
diorem 8 April 1535
. , Genoa.
**:3009. E. Schets. S. P. Ex 12 April 1535 . . Antwerp.
*1|B010. Severin Boner. S. Nisi 12 April 1535 . . Cracow.
*:3011. L. Ber. S.d. p. Clarissime i4Aprili535 . . Rome.
*:3012. Bo. Amerbach. Profecto 16 April (1535) , , Freiburg.
**:3013. Bo, Araerbach. S. P. Exem-
plum . 20 April 1535
. Basle.
3014. Tomiczki. Merito 26 April 1535 . , Bodzanczin.
*3015. Gumppenberg, Apologiam (c. May 1535 . ,
Freiburg.)
*:3016. Pflug. Pergratum 7 May 1535 . . Freiburg.
*|13017. Jo. Faber. S. D. Erasme 15 May 1535 . . Vienna.
*3018, J. de Pins. Reuerendissime 19 May 1535 . . Freiburg.
3019. Damian a Goes. Vtinam 21 May 1535 . .
Freiburg.
*:3020. Hedio. S. D. Itali . 24 May 1535 . Strasbourg.
113021. Paul III. Dilecte 31 May 1535 . . Rome.
3022. H. Hoxvirius. Tam i June 1535 . , Pavia.
*||3023. Gumppenbeig, Carissime i June 1535 , . Rorae.
... .
.
TABLE OF LETTERS iz
TABLE OF LETTERS
**||3078. Damian a Goes. S. P. lam-
pridem . 22 Dec. 1535 Padua.
.
1536
3081. Escbenfelder. En . . 2 Jan. 1536 Basle.
*J3082. John aBoysonne. Rogauit.. 23 Jan. ^1536^ Toulouse.
*1;3083. Beraldus. Veneram . . 24 Jan. (1536) Toulouse.
**3084. Gruyeres. S. P. Hec . . 24 Jan. 1536 Basle.
i3085. Damian a Goes. S. P. Do
lentem . . 26 Jan. 1536 Padua.
3086. Eschenfelder. Chiistus . . 27 Jan. 1536 Basle.
**J3087. Ferdinand. Magnificus . . 27 Jan. 1536 Basle.
*t3088. George Hermann. Etsi . . 29 Jan. 1536 Schv?az.
3089. Cricius. In . . I Feb. 1536 Basle.
*:3090. Chapuvs. S. P. Literas . . 1 Feb. 1536 London.
*t3091. P. Mei-belius. S. P. Quas . . 2 Feb. 1536 Milan.
3092. Charles Blount. Posteaquam . . 9 Feb. 1536 Basle.
3093. Tbe Reader. In . . <c. Feb. 1536 Basle.)
*:3094. J. Omphalius. S. Quod . . 10 Feb. 1536 Toulouse.
3095. Cognatus. Nuper . . 12 Feb. 1536 Basle.
*3096. Sepulveda. Quam . . 13 Feb. 1536 Rome.
*i3097. Bo. Amerbach. Salue . . <c. Feb. 1536 Basle.
*:3098. Bo. Amerbach. S. Si . . <I4 Feb. 1536 Basle.
*3099. The Reader. Quando . . <c. 20 Feb. 1536 Basle.)
;|:3100. Friendly Readers. Paucis . 20 Feb. 1536 Basle
*i3101. Viterius. Sperabam . . 20 Feb. I53<6) Paris.
*J3102. P. Richardot. S. P. Red-
ditae . . 24 Feb. 1536 Besancon.
*t3103. Bonvalot. S. P. Erasme . . 25 Feb. 1536 Besan^on.
3104. Cognatus. Accepi . . 11 March 1536 Basle.
**:3105. Cles. Venerabilis . . 12 March 1536 Naples.
**3106. Viterius. S. P. Obsecro . . 13 March 1536 Basle.
**||3107. Thomas Cromwell. Abunde . . 15 March 1536 Basle.
**:3108. <?John Longlond.) S. P. In . 16 March 1536 Basle.
**:3109. <?Gruyeres.) S. P. De . . 16 March 1536 Basle.
**3110. Cies. Ven. egregie . . 16 March 1536 Naples.
**:3111. Goclenius. Salutem . 21 March 1536 <Louvain.)
*:3112. Tiedemann Giese. Malo-
rum . . 28 March 1536 Frauenburg.
':3113. Sinapius. S. D. P. Cum . . 1536 Ferrara.
3 April
:3114. Volz. S. P. D. Quod . . 12 April 1536 <Strasbourg.)
*||31 15. Pratensis. S. P. D. Multis . . 12 April 1536 Besan^on.
*3116. Zuichemus. Cum . . 15 April 1536 Spires.
*:3117. J. G. Hermann. <S.) D.
Salue . . 18 April 1536 Spires.
**:3118. Cognatus. Haec . . May 1536 Nozeroy.
7
**:3119. E. Schets. S. P. Ex . . 8 May 1536 Antwerp.
*3120. Melanchthon. S. D. Etsi . . 12 May <I536 Leipzig.)
*:3121. Slap. S. Parum . . 13 May 1536 Rome
3122. Bonvalot. Pro . . 17 May 1536 Basle.
*3123. Cognatus. Nullis <c . . fin. May 1536 Nozeroy.)
3124. <?Adolphus vander Noot.)
Omnes . . 29 May 1536 Basle.
**:3125. E. Schets. S. Prodigiosa . . I June 1536 Basle.
.
TABLE OF LETTERS XI
occasionally, when the sources are diverse or there is some special reason for it,
e.g. in Ep. 296, all the authorities are specified by their sigla.
The Corrigenda found in some of tlie volumes of letters have usually been
treated ;is tlie true readings of those editions ; but occasionally tlie uncorrected
text and the correction have both been given ; the latter following immediately
after the former.
The small superior figures attaclied to letter-nnmbers refer to letters answered,
the inferior to letters answering.
Angular brackets < ) denote additions by an editor, square brackets [ ] denote
omitlenda.
xm
COLLECTIONS OF LeTTEBS
AE. =^ Les correspondants d'Alde Manuce, 1483-1514; par P. de Nolhac
(Studi e documenti di storia e diritto, 1887, 8). Rome, 1888.
Affi: E. = Epistolae Henrici Cornelii Agrippae ad farailiares et eorum ad
ipsum : pp. 68i-io6l in Agrippae . . . Operum pars posterior. Lugduni
per Beringoa fratres, s. a. (c. 1601).
Al. E. = i. Lettres familieres de Jt§r6me Aleandre, 1510-40; par J. Paquier.
Paris, 1909.
ii. Jerome Aleandre et la principaute de Liege ;
par J. Paquier. Paris,
1896.
Am. E. = Bonifacius Amerbach und die Reformation ; von Th. Burckhardt-
Biedermann. Basel, 1894.
BE.^ = Epistolae Gulielmi Budaei. Paris, J. Badius, 20 Aug. 1520.
BE."^ = Epistolae Gullielmi Budaei posteriores. Paris, J. Badius, March
1522.
BE." = G. Budaei Epistolarum Latinarum lib. v, Graecarum item lib. i.
Praze, 1897.
(Sbirka Pramenuv ku Poznani Literarniho Zivota v Cechach, na Morave
a V Slezku. Skupina Druha: Korrespondence a Cizojazycne Prameny,
cislo I, 3.)
BRE. = Briefwechsel des Beatus Rhenanus ; herausg. von A. Horawitz und
K. Hartfelder. Leipzig, 1S86.
Biigen. E. = Dr. Johannes Bugenhagens Briefwechsel, 1512-58, herausg.
durch 0. Vogt. Stettin, 188S.
Bun. E. = Petri Bunelli Galli praeceptoris et Pauli Manutii Itali discipuli
Epistolae Ciceroniano stj'lo scriptae, (Parisiis), H. Stephanus. 1581.
Calc. E. = Epistolicarum quae.stionum et Epi&tolai um familiarium libri XVI,
pp. 1-2 17 in Caelii Calcagnini Ferrariensis Opera aliquot. Basileae, . . .
8. 1. et a.
GE. = Roberti Gaguini epistole et orationes ; ed. L. Thuasne. t. 2. Paris,
1904.
GHE. = Georg Helts Briefwechsel herausg. von 0. Clemen (Archiv fiir
:
Miinchen, 1923.
PZ. £". = Correspondance de Christophe Plantin, 1 558-1586; publiee par
M. Rooses & J. Denuce. t. 7. Antwerpen, 1883-1918.
RE. = Johann Reuchlins Briefwechsel herausg. von L. Geiger (Bibliothek :
1912.
TE. = loannis Tritemii, abbatis Spanhemensis, Epistolarum familiarium
libri duo. Haganoae, P. Brubachius, 1536.
VE. = VadianischeBriefsammlung herausg. von E. Arbenz und H. ;
Other Sources
ADB. = Allgemeine deutsche Biographie. t. 56. Leipzig, 1875-19 12.
Agric^ = Rodolphi Agricolae opuscula ed. Petro Aegidio. Anuerpiae, ;
Posnaniae, 1852-
Athenae C(r»to6. = Athenae Cantabrigienses, 1500-1609; by C. H. Cooper
and T. Cooper, and by G. J. Gray. t. 3. Cambridge, 1858-61, 1913.
Balan = Monumenta Reformationis Lutheranae, 1 521-5, eoUegit P. Balan.
Ratisbonae, 1884.
Balan ii = Monunienta saeculi xvi historiam illustrantia, edidit P. Balan.
Oeniponte, 1885.
BEr.^ = Bibliotheca Erasmiana, listes sommaires. Gand, 1893.
BEr."^= Bibliotheca Erasmiana extrait de la Bibliotheca Belgica, publiee
;
1S70.
Bourgeois de Paris = he Journal d'un Bourgeois de Paris, 1515-1536; par
V. L. Bourrilly, Paris, 19 10.
Breiver = Letters and papers, foreign and domestic, of the reign of
Henry 1509-46; arranged by J. S. Brewer, and continued by
viii,
J. Gairdner and R. H. Brodie. t. 33. London, 1862-1910.
Brodie = Brewer i 2nd edit., by R. H. Brodie. t. 3. London, 1920.
;
1S66-97.
jffer^op = Realencyklopadie fiir protestantische Theologie und Kirche;
begriindet Ton J. J. Herzog. 3** Auflage herausg. von A. Hauck. t. 21. ;
Leipzig, 1896-1908.
Heumann = Documenta literaria varii argumenti in lucem prolata cura
lohannis Heumanni. Altorfii, 1758.
Hinds = Calendar of State Papers and MSS. existing in the archives and
collections of Milan, 1385-1618 edited by A. B. Hinds. t. i. London,
;
1912.
Hoynck = Analecta Belgica t. iii, ed. C. P. Hoynck van Papendrecht,
:
1845.
XX LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS COMMONLY USED
Le^rawrf =
Bibliographie hellenique ou description raisonnee des ouvrages
publies en grec par des Grecs aux xv*^ et xvi*^ siecles; par Emile
Legrand. t. 4. Paris, 1 88 5- 1906.
Le Neve = Fas^ti Ecclesiae Anglicanae, by J. Le Neve ; continued by T. D.
Hardy. t. 3. Oxford, 1854.
Luc.Iud. = Lucubrationum Erasmi Roterodanii index. Louanii, T. Martinus,
I Jan. 15 19.
Brescia, 1753-62.
Major = Erasmus von Rotterdam : Virorum illustrium reliquiae l, von Emil
Major. Basle, 1927.
MHL*. = Monumenta Humanistica Lovaniensia^, ed. H. de Vocht, Louvain,
1934.
Molanus = lo&nnis Molani (1533-85) Historia Louaniensium, ed. P. F. X.
de Ram (Collection de Chroniques belges inedites). t. 2. Bruxelles. 1861.
IfiS^. = Messager des sciences historiques. Gand, 1823- .
Part II, MDi-MDXX, section 1, London, 1903 sections 2,3, F. Isaac, 1938.
;
Sanuto =
l diarii di Marino Sanuto (1496-1533); pubblicati per cuia de
Paris, 1879.
Seebohm = The Oxford Reformers, John Colet, Erasmus, and Thomas More;
by F. Seebohm. ^rd edition. London, 1887.
Stokvis = Manuel d'histoire, de genealogie et de chronologie de tous les
etats du globe par A. M. H.
;
J.
t. 3. Leide, 1888-93.
Stokvis.
Stoeefi = Athenae Belgicae, ed. Antuerpiae, 162S.
F. Sweert.
Tiraboschi = Storia della letteratura italiana del Cavaliere Abate G. Tira-
;
XXlll
ADDENDA
VOL. I
P. 438. 2211. That W. Latimer was in Romein 1519 is pioved by liis signature
at that date in tlie borrowing-book of the Vatican see I due p^imi Registri
;
di Prestito della Bibl. Apostolica Vudcana (p. 72. II. 35", pl. 52*), Vatican City
1942.
VoL. TII
P. 357. 43n. Stokesley's presence in Rome 011 6 Aug. 1513 is proved by liis
signature in the borrowing-book of the Vatican see / due primi Registri
;
di Presiito della Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana (p. 81. II. 43*', pl. 66*), Vatican City
1942.
(We owe the information contained in tiiese two notes to Mr. R. W. Hunt.)
VOL. IX
P. 44, 1. 20, Ep. 2381 introd. Delete Conrad. Boniface Amerbach wished to send
liis son, Basil, to be taught by Cognatus, but tlie plan was given up.
P. 847, Ep. 2539. 6^- See E. Stahelin, Archivf. Reform. Geschichte,$ Ergiinzuiigs-
band, 1929, p. 153, wlio identifies the 'Diaconus' with Paul Plirygio
for wliom see Ep. 1285. i^n.
P. 463, Ep. 2615. 333n. See also Basler Reformationsakten 2, nos. 675, 688.
VOL. X
P. 37, Ep. 2662. i2n. in Italiam] Polydore Vergil returned to Italy in 1553.
The dedication of liis Dialogorum Libri, Basle, 1553, to John Diidley, Duke
of Nortliuniberland, isdated Londou, Marcli 1553. But E. A. Witneyand
P. B. Cram in The Will of Polydore Vergil, R. Hist. Soc. Trans., ser. 4, xi, 1928,
117 sqq. show that Polydore was in fact in Italy in 1534. It is likely tliat
he weiit by way of Basle, since his Historia Anglica was printed tliere in
that year, and lie may well liave fulfilled then liis promise of calling on
Erasmus.
(We owe this information to Mr. Denys Hay.)
P. 82, Ep. 2700. 124. Theodoricum] Coelde; see Ep. 1347. lo^n.
P. 310, Ep. 2874. 54. iuuenis] Benedict Vaugris or Wagri. See Ep. 1395 introd.
P. 382, Ep. 2931. Another, and better-written, draft of tliis letter was found
by Dr. Max Burckliardt in November 1945, among the Amerbachnaclilass
in tlie Basle University Library. We have to thank tlie Library ofBcials
for at once seiiding us a photograph. Tliis supplies a date Basileae. ;
Quarto Non. Septembr. Anno m.d.xxxiiii. It shows also that, in 11. 20—1,
tlie missing word is not egredientem, but ingressus.
VOL. XI
P. 129, Ep. 3015. Since the introduction to this letter was printed we have
been able, through the kind ofSces of the British Council and the courtesy
of Prof. Rufdni, to see a pliotograph of the Vatican broadsheet, MS. Lat.
6159, f. 66. The following is the complete text of the ludicium, of wliich we
were able to give only tlie first and last lines
E Petri Cursii libro pauca loca degustaui verius quam legi. Video Romae esse
quosdam male feriatos quibus non satis est licentia Pasquillica, sed subinde alios
subornant, quorum vel dolure vel stultitia fruantur. Qui instigarunt Cursium;
ab iisdem arbitror confictam Epistolam meo nomine, quo sibi conduplicarent
eam voluptatem. Summa argumenti sumpta est e duobus verbis non intellectis.
xxiv ADDENDA
In prouerbio Myconins Caluus, indico Terentium facete pro caluo dixisse
erispum. Ridet enim ibi Pamphilus seruum quem ablegat, et addo, perinde
quasi quis Scytham dicat eruditum, Italum bellacem. Scythae ob naturae
feritatem contemnunt Philosophiam ac liberales disciplinas, omne studium in
armis est. Itali colunt eloquentiam et ingenuas artes quae pacis alumnae sunt.
Cursius putat laudis esse dici bellacem, quum in vitium sonet. Bellare medium
verbum est, quemadmodum edere, bibere, loqui. At bellacem esse barbaricae
immanitatis est, quemadmodum edacem, bibacem et loquacem esse vitiosum
est. Thraces dicuntur bellaces, de quibus Horatius, Otium bello furiosaThrace.
Et his verbis perperam intellectis Cursius assumit, me omnem laudem bellicam
vniuersis Italis ademisse, eos nulla arma tractasse, nulla vidisse, Gamphasante
ipso omnium mortalium ignauissimo Italum esse ignauiorem. Imo qui minime
bellaces sunt, fere dexterrime gerunt bellum. Vtinam nostra Germania et
Heluetia minus esset bellax. Cursius obiicit mihi magnum catalogum bollorum
vtilium Italiae, quasi id non potuerim de priscis discere, e T. Liuio, Plutarcho,
et Salustio, de recentibus e Blondo. Vides quam friuolo fundamento quantam
maledicentiae molem superstruxerit Cursius. Sed haec fuerit qualiscunque
occASio, at citra omnem occasionem addit, quod omneis Italiae doctos prae
me foeni caeniquefaciam. adiicitargutum quiddam, quemadmodum mihi certo
persuasi, me totam eruditionis laudem Italis praeripuisse, ita hoc conari, vt
persuadeam orbi, quicquid est laudis bellicae per Germanos Italis esse prae-
reptum. Obsecro quid frontis aut mentis habent haec verba ? Ego vt belli
gloriam Italis nec asserui nec adcmi, ita de Italorum ingeniis semper magnifice
et sensi et predicaui, non oratione tantum, verumetiam scriptis. Quod si Cursius
existimat vniuersam Italiam esse violatam, si quis aliquid notet in Italorum
moribus, quid faciet hominum fabulis, quas passim vulgo iactant, qui vixerunt
apud Italos? Pertexit Cursius ingentem catalogum eorum, qui apud Italos vel
eruditione praecellunt, vel magnam de se spem prebent. Id si facit vt me doceat,
rem ofiiciosam facit. sin vt vrat rem absurdam facit. Equidem arbitror longe
plures esse in Italia, quam iste recenset. Porro quod minitatur quosdam
aliquando plura edituros in lucem, quam ego edidi, et fortasse digniora, non
potui, fateor, absque risu legere. Atqui si Cursius velit omnes nationes tam
magnifice de Italorum ingeniis sentire, alia proferant oportet, quam hic est
Cursii libellus. Risi et illud, quod ait me latini sermonis puritatem debere
Italiae, magistro vt opitior Aldo. id hausit e scriptis Pii. Quum ego melius
calluerim latine Italiam ingrediens, quam nunc calleo, quanquam lioc ipsum
perpusillum est. Addam quiddam arrogantius sed verissimum, me decem annis
Aldo potuisse magistrum esse in latinis literis. Obiicit quod in scriptis meis
Paulum Apostolum appellaiim Phanaticum, quod de loanne Euangelista scri-
pserim meros crepat mundos, cum nihil horum sit in scriptis meis, sed haec
impudentissime mentitus sit Lutherus, quod ille sibi permittit, quoties fermento
intumuit animus. si legit Lutheri calumnias, debuit et meam legere re-
sponsionem. Qualis autem est illa vehementia, quae adhibetur manifestis
mendaciis aduersus Erasmum, qui odit et inuidet vniuersis Italis, qui eis ademit
vniueisam et belli et eruditionis laudem, qui tot strenuos duces facit ignauissimis
ignauiores, qui omnes eruditos prae se coeni faenique facit, qui tam impias
voces euomit in apostolos, Atqui liic Erasmus nusquam est. Proinde hic tragicis
verbis intonare, minimum abest ab Aiacis imagine porcos pro viris cedentis.
Atque hic libellus visus est dignus qui Romae excuderetur, atque adeo summo
pontifici diearetur. Cuiusmodi vero exemplura est, effingere manum meam, et
epistolam meo nomine confictam in vrbe spargere (?). Huiusmodi monumenta
nobis mittunt Italiae docti, quae nec ad pietatem nec ad eruditionem conferunt
quidquam, ad rixas et seditionem plurimum. Sunt etiam in Germania qui
possent ad istum modum ludere, si tantundem adesset vel stultitiae vel
improbitatis.
CORRIGENDA
VOL. II
P. 41, Ep. 318. 2n. For by him to Celtis reud to him by Celtis.
VOL. IV
P. 427. 1. 1, Ep. 1175 introrl. For 1550 read 1553. See H. Ellis, Thi-ee books of
Polydore VergiVs English History, Camden Society, 1849, pp. xvi-xx,
xxxvii-xxxix.
VOL. IX
P. 44, 1. 4, Ep. 2381 introd. For 17 March read 14 February.
P. 44, 1. 6, Ep. 2381 introd. For Five days earlier read Foiir days Liter.
P. 184, Ep. 2449. 72. For TTfdiop read TrfSiov.
P. 345, 1. 20, Ep. 2539 introd. For three letters read four letters.
P. 414, Ep. 2594. 25. For leuitur read leuiter.
P. 444, Ep. 2614. 25. For lihere read liberi.
VOL. X
P. 47, Ep. 2674. I7n. Tlie reference is to tlie Enchiridion, LB. v. 47D.
Milite.
But tlie quotation ends with pertinet in 1. 19; ;ind the punctuation in our
text should be corrected accnrdinglj' at 1. 19 and 1. 25. are indebted We
to Miss Kronenberg for tracing the quotation for us.
P. 69, Ep. 2693. 3in. For from Dieuze, Decem Pagi on tlie Seille read from
Tienen (Flemish), Tirlemont.
P. 124, Ep. 2735. 4on. For 23 Aug. read 22 Aug.
P. 164, Ep. 2771. 103. For psirituales read spirituales.
P. 252, I. 6. For 1846 read 1546.
P. 276, Ep. 2847. !• ^°>' Nullum read Nullam.
P. 314, Ep. 2876. 19. The person spoken of is Guinterius Anderacus (lo.
Guinterius of Andernach), 1487-1574 pby.sician to Francis i. For his
;
life and works see Melchior Adamus, Viiae Germanorum Medicorum^, 1706,
pp. 99-101. (We owe this identification to tlie kindness of Pi-of. Alphonse
Roersch.)
P. 318, Ep. 2879. 3in. For a^n. read 22n.
P. 375, Ep. 2922. 12. For tuor read quatuor.
1
XXVll
errors in the copy furnished to him Bertini corrected; of some others the
text here printed supphes the necessary corrections. In the copy the letter
bears the address: Al Illm. y muy Rdo Sor. el Sor. Don fray Fernando de
Aragon monge en nra. Senora de Piedra. The Ferdinand of Aragon of this
address is, no doubt, as Bertini divined, the grandson of Ferdinand the
Catholic. He became abbot of Veruela in 1531, retaining his abbacy until
1539, when he became archbishop of Zaragossa. But it was not to him that
Erasmus wrote this letter. That Erasmus had any acquaintance with him,
—
there is no evidence if he had, he could certainly not have addressed him,
in 1530 (when he was a mere Cistercian monk), as 'praesul'. The letter was
written, not to Ferdinand, but to Alfonso Fonseca, archbishop of Toledo.
This is made quite certain by a comparison of it with Epp. 2250-2255. The
address means merely that the letter was passed by the archbishop to
Ferdinand.
Ll. 69-70 show that the letter was written after that to John Vergara (Ep.
2253).
The letter was communicated to us by Professor Bertini, who has given us
permission to include it in this edition.]
cui dicandus esset hic labor, postea quam tu, vt persuasum habe- 10
bant, terras reliquisses. At ego nihil haesitabam. Vt maxime,
inquam, sit aliis mortuus, mihi viuit. Quod in terra viuentis
nomini destinatum erat, felicius in coelo viuentis memoriae per-
solueretur. Hoc certe officiolo deuotus alumnus optime merito
patrono sum parentaturus. Arbitror autem Augustinum prius 15
in Hispaniam fuisse perlatum, quam huc venirent amicorum lite-
rae, quae nos exanimatos vitae redderent. Horum primus fuit
4. vicem Bertini: vicen ikfS. 7. OTh&ta. Bertini: ovna,ta, MS. 8. pro-
perabat .Ber^mi preperabat MiS.
: \o-\i. h&heh&rvt scripsimus: habebat
M8. 1 reliquisses scripsimus reUquisse MS.
. :
25. possem Beriini: posse MS. 32. manihns est scripsimus : manibus
es MS. 40. profugisse Bertini : profugisset MS.
18. Valdesius] His letter is men- beginning of March 1529 (Ep. 2133.
tioned in Erasmus' letterto Vergara, 1-2,48-61). Vives,writingtoErasmus
Ep. 2253. 72; cf. Ep. 2241. 24n. in August 1529. evidently felt that
Archiepiscopo] Alfonso Man-
22. the smallness of the sum would dis-
rique, created archbishop of Seville appoint Erasmus (Ep. 2208. 37-40);
in 1524; see Ep. 1846 introd. whoprofesses(Ep. 2253. 7-14)^0 have
23. Mercurino] Gattinara. See Ep. spent the whole of it, and more, in
1150 introd. paying for the collation of mss.
24. profectionem]Charlesembarked 35. Brabantos] From other letters
at Barcelona 27 July 1529. See Ep. written about the same time, it is
2208. 4in. clear that Erasmus is speaking of his
28. dono] On 29 June 1528 Fonseca troubles in connexion with the Ob-
sent though John Vergara 200 gold servants and with Titelmans; cf.
ducats, to assist the work on Augus- Epp. 2263. 104-14; 2249. 28n.
tine (Epp. 2003. S^n, 2004. 31-43). 47-8. comes Palatinus] See Epp.
The gift reached Erasmus at the 1356. 53^, 2256. i6n.
2253^] TO ALFONSO FONSECA xxix
59. sacrum] Adag. 15. 62. Dilfo] See Ep. 1663 introd.
60. Cardina] See Ep. 2237. 22n. 70. perscripsi] Ep. 2253. 39~58-
23972401 a. From Leonard of Grtjyeres.
Brussels MS. Besan^on.
27 October 1530.
ERASMO ROTH.
Vestras 12 Maii datas nobis admodum gratas vna cum respon-
sione vestra ad Lutheri epistolam proxime accaepimus: quam ideo
superioribus diebus ad vos transmiseramus, vt non ignoraretis nos
honoris ac laudum vestrarum eam curam gerere quae superioribus
nostris ad vos merito correspondeat. 5
not clear what Boniface intended, particularly in the order of the clauses;
II. 21-31 have various alternatives given in the margin, these we have neglected
for II. 40-5 there are two versions, of which we have accepted the more
grammatical, printing the other in a footnote.
An approximate date is furnished by the fact that this letter plainly answers
Ep. 2940 and is answered by Ep. 2946.]
S. P. Euangelia tuis litteris debentur mihi tam optata de tua
valetudine adnunciantibus. Faciat Christus seruator vt non in nouos
quemadmodum tu scribis cruciatus alaris, sed indies conualescendo
cum studiis prophanis tum praecipue sacris adiuuandis quam diutis-
sime et quam rectissime supersis. 5
Quid etiam audio ? Iniuriam blateronis quo de mihi coram nar-
rasti nondum concoxisti ? Vt certe iniuriam apud iureconsultos
ex vilitate personae iniligentis atrociorem estimari non ignoro, ita
animi, ni fallor, non vulgaris fuerit contempsisse. Recollige teipsum,
mi Erasme, et nominis claritatem cum horum tenebrionum obscuri- 10
tate compone. Quantus tu, quam nuUius estimationis iUi! Parce,
quaeso, si sum audacior. Videris mihi non satis tuam prudentiam
ac magnitudinem perspectam habere. Quid plus illi in te possunt
quam culex in elephantum ? Semel tua te vii'tus et incomparabilis
eruditio, etiam his qui vel eruditione vel virtutibus ceteris praestare 15
putantur, inuiolabilem reddiderunt. Quid miraris seuisse homines
a quibus laudari vituperari est et male audire quam maxime hono-
rari ? Anne ignoras, vt ille inquit, canes aduersus generosissimos
leones baubari ?
De itinere cui propemodum te committere ausurus fueras libenter 20
audiui, si modo huc nostri causa fueras ingressurus. Quod si aHquid
tale attentaueris, fac rogo in tempore admonear, vt simul et socerum,
cui futurus es gratissimus aduena, admonere possim, et ipse itineris
futm-us comes adsim. In soceri certe causa quod tuum mihi consilium
communicaueris, tibi etiam atque etiam gratias ago in quo hactenus
: 25
ita me gessi vt interrogatus nihil responderim hucusque, et omnia
suae prudentiae commendauerim quid faciendum esset mihi non
;
satis hquere. Nec suasi nec dissuasi, sed socero liberum rehqui (qui
2943. 6. blateronis] Quirinus Ha- 19. baubari] He has taken the word
gius; cf. Ep. 2918. 28-32. Boniface from Lucr. 5. 1071 the rest perhaps
;
pro sua prudentia et aetate facile quid vel faciendum vel non
30 faciendum optime expendere posset), precaturus sponso fausta, nec
celibi mala imprecaturus. Quid enim facerem aliud ? Vt suaderem
ducendam, id vnico Pittaci apophthegmate, ya/xet €k tcDv ofioLcov
quam plurimus dehortabar. Senexne iuuenem, amasius amasiam
diues pauperem, amator amicam ? Quae non inde suspicionum
35 carnificina ? Ne autem dissuaderem aperte communis illa suspicio
qua gener facUe tanquam soceri bonis inhians et captationis notarer
me deterruit. Putaui omnium honestissimum si in ipsius arbitrio
relinquerem, et me faeti quocunque modo instituisset suffraga
torem, vt si fehciter cessisset congauderem, sin minus sibi con
40 dolentem habere posset. Illud certe suae rn nos beneuolentiae
documentum est, et quidem euidens, quod vltro promisit si quam ;
nouit.
5 Litteras quas Damiani causa miseras accepi. Ego semper putaui
illum cum bona
gratia suorum reliquisse patriam. Suasi tamen vt
obtemperet amicorum consihis quod facturus est. ;
2943. 32. apophthegmate] ^/jop/i- quos habet aut habiturus est pro
iAeg^m. vii, Pittacus 6 (LB. iv. 324): cf. aequis portionibus atque adeo virih
Adag. 701. portione succedat.'
40-5. Illud facta] For this sen-
. . . 50. ille] Hor. Carm. i. i. 36.
tence Boniface's ms. offers an alterna- 2944. 5. Litteras] We
have no
tive version: 'Certe quod etiam eam means of loiowing what these were.
ducet semel solennibus hinc inde 9. linteaminibus] See Epp. 2924.
stipulationibus interpositis pepigimus 27-30, 2955.
vt filia sua, nempe vxor mea, prae- 12. is] Quirmus Hagius; see Ep.
reptis quatuoraureorum Rhenensium 2704 introd.
milUbus deinde cum reliquis liberis si
;
him a Preface for his Cicero (published in 4 volumes in 1534). From the present
letter, it would appear that Herwagen was expecting, or soliciting, besides
the Cicero Preface, the printing of the new edition of the Copia and of an
edition of the Paraphrases in N.T. Erasmus gave both books to Froben.
In the present letter Herwagen expresses the wish to reach an amicable
agreement with Froben, defining ( i ) the respective rights of the two firms to
reprint those works of Erasmus, and others, which had been printed by the
old Froben firm, and (2) their 'spheres of influence' in respect of other work
to be undertaken in the future. Froben, if Herwagen may be beheved, claimed
an exclusive property in all the works of Erasmus already published by the
old firm, and in the majority of the works of the other Froben authors.
Herwagen claimed the right to reprint any book printed by the old firm in
the printing of which he had borne a share of the costs. He suggests that the
matters in dispute should be arbitrated either by Erasmus or by Boniface
2944. 21-2. Luteri . . . Herborni] See Epp. 2918 introd., 2896, 2n.
6 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1534
Amerbach. Whether this suggestion was adopted we do not know; but the
fact that Froben, a few months later, reprinted the Copia seems to indicate
that Erasmus' sj^mpathies were with Froben.]
S. P. D.
12. moliretur] Freiburg had raised April 1502-12 Feb. 1559), son of
troops to defenditself (Ep. 2955). For Rupert, Count Palatine; married 17
Philip of Hesse see Ep. 2917. 5in. Oct. 1529 Susanna, sister of the Dukes
18. pacis conditiones] Terms were William and Louis of Bavaria. At the
in fact agreed upon at the Peace of Diet of Augsburg he took part with
Cadan, a few days later (27 June). the Cathohc majority, but shortly
26. Saltzburgensis] MatthewLang: afterwards he developed strong sym-
see Ep. 549. 48n. pathy with the new opinions, finally
Ludouicus] (18 Sept. 1495- throwing in his lot with the Reformers
22 April 1545), duke of Upper and in 1538. In 1544 he joined the
Lower Bavaria, son of Albert rv, Schmalkaldic League. He was distin-
yoimger brother, and after protracted guished by his wide literary and
conflict joint ruler with, William rv. artistic interests. See ADB. xxiv.
See ADB. xix. 513. 713.
Otto Henricus] Otto Henry (10 27. nostro] Christopher of Stadion.
;
56. Purgationem] Choler had criti- letter). See Ep. 2936 introd.
cized the Purgatio in Ep. 2937. 12—17. 69. Rupilio] See Ep. 2867 introd.
An Augsburg edition is not known to 79. propriis .
. depingere] Choler
.
S. P. Litteras quas ad me
vigesima secunda Aprfiis dedisti
duodecima Maii praeteriti accepi.Nuncium hunc nolui sine meis ad
te litteris proficisci. Ad litteras igitur tuas breuibus accipe.
Anghae regis res scribis te ex parte credere. At credes breui in
5 omnibus. Morus adhuc captus esse dicitur cum Rofensi non sine ;
2947. 84. nebulone] Quirinus Ha- 2953. loi Choler calls them 'musca-
gius; see Ep. 2704 introd. tae'. See OED. s.v. myristic and mii-
85. Vergihus] Aen. 4. 373. meg. Cf. Ep. 2740. 17.
92. miristicas] In Epp. 2937. 82-3,
2948] FROM NICHOLAS OLAH 11
om. /3. 14. consideraris jS. 15-16. nimc agis a: es /3. 16. malum
hoc a: id )3. breui om. j8. 17. ahud a te j8. 18. vtque a: et vt j3.
19. semper om. /3. 19—20. /8: incommodo a. 21. orrmibus in locis om. /3.
23. amici, fratres ^. ahi otn. j8. intima om. ^. 26. sine malo a:
. . .
minimum (8. satis statuere j3. 30. Armo om. jS. 31— 3- Tuus . . .
5 meis, hoc nuntio domini volebam ostendere, vt, si forte hic alio citior
adte veniret, non suspicares dominum meum nullas ad te trans-
misisse litteras. Deus te interim diu nobis conseruet incolumem.
Vale, Germaniae decus vnicum.
XXVI die mensis lunii Anno a virginis partu MDXXxmi.
10 Ex<cellentiae) tuae obsequiosissimus Christophorus Gering.
Clarissimo doctissimoque viro, domino Erasmo Rot., theologiae
professori celeberrimo, domino suo obseruandissimo, Friburgi
Brisgoiae.
in the margin, and before it there had who carried Choler's three letters.
been written in the margin a word no 2950. 1 2 non ad ignotum] If James
.
longer legible. It seems unhkely that had read the Farrago Noua Epistola-
Gering was sending his letter by a rum lie might have observed that, in
second messenger belonging to Paim- 15 19, Erasmus was imable to remem-
gartner and it is possible that he em- ber his name (see Ep. 964. 28n).
2951] 13
gratiae, qui duni laedere studet iuuat (neque enim hoc beneficium 5
datum est, quanquam Stunica in postremis annota-
sed arreptum) ;
60 Vale.
Friburgi. 5 Non. lul. 1534.
Si quid oflFendes mendi, scito me non recognouisse.
[These are two drafts of the same letter, written on separate sheets each
;
14'; if the plan was adhered to, the visit would fall in the beginning of
August.]
S. P. Quod ad te scribam, clarissime Erasme, nihil nunc occurrit,
nisi audire non pigeat quod perpetuo tibi imprecor, nempe vt recte
et ex animi sententia valeas studiisque bonis promouendis quam
diutissime supersis. Valetudinis certe tuae vt ocularis testis esse
possim, intra dies decem aut 14 profectionem istuc institui, te coram 5
salutaturus. Cetera sine vlla exceptione omnia a me postules et
expectes velim. Cura vt valeas, domine mi, patrone incomparabilis.
S. P. Quod ad te scribam, mi Erasme, nihil nunc occurrit nisi
quod te quam rectissime valere cupio. Deinde si mea opella vti velis,
vt scire possim qui certe ita animatus sum vt omnia a me et postu-
: ic
lare debeas et expectare. Heruagius nuper litteras suas vt istuc
mitterem rogauit, sed diutius apud me heserunt quia nullum in-
uenerim istuc proficiscentem.
S. P. D.
cupido.'
Sed ego ahenam calamitatem deploro et propriae fere sum obUtus.
Nam quibus hic nos iactemur tempestatibus, quibusque simus obruti
pericuhs, vix queo describere. Nullo vnquam tempore maiori dis-
50 crimine versati sumus. NihU superest, nisi vt proximo quoque die
hinc eflFugiamus, si modo hcebit eflfugere. Senatus Augustanus, ab
hereticis persuasus, primum omnibus catoHcis hic contionatoribus
sUencium praedicandi verbi Dei imposuit, idque pridie quam has ad
te darem secundo, in omnibus ecclesiis et sacelhs quae ad iUorum
;
30. Seneca] Oct. 377-80. 45. Vincit ...] Seneca, PAoedra 980.
2953] FROM JOHN CHOLER 17
quam diu simus apud eos permansuri, quum periculum sit ne et ilU
mutent mentem et rehgionem, vt et inde cogamur eflfugere. Misera
certe omnium nostrum est conditio, quando nulhbi stabuhim sit 75
confidenciae nec vllum profugium nec praesidii ahcuius spes. Ego
coepi sarcinulas componere phirima tamen carissima mihi sunt
;
96. Anselmo] See Ep. 2956. 102. ipse] They were a gift from
97. tres autores] The book spoken Fugger; see Epp. 2937. 81-8, 2947.
of is Logus' edition of Gratius, Neme- 107. Agnoscis tuum] After these
sianus, and the Halieutica of Ovid, words Choler added the distinctive
printed by Aldus in 1534; see Ep. mark which he usually made after
2568. I5n. his signature.
452.11 n
18 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1534
scholar, provided he can write some he was left without news of any kind
kind of Latin, and isnot a Lutheran about Clauthus (Ep. 2980). Clauthus
or the like. He prefers a man of presumably sailed for England from
mature age to a youth, as the position Antwerp not much later than 14 Aug.
is one of trust (Ep. 2916). In parti- He was expected to pass through
cular, he seems to have wanted some- Louvain on his way back, and Gocle-
one whom he could use as his confi- nius expected him at Louvain early
dential emissary to England (for in September (Ep. 2998). He died at
making the jotuney, a native of the Rochester on 10 Sept. 1534. Erasmus
Low Countries would be specially learned of his death some time before
suitable). Clauthus was in fact sent —
28 Nov. the news reached him
to England at the end of July (Ep. through a letter written by Reyner
2981. 2). He carried with him the (Reginald Wolfe) to Grynaeus, trans-
present letter, delivering it in Ant- mitted probably by Amerbach (see
werp on 14 Aug. It was Erasmus' Epp. 2980, 2997; cf. Ep. 2998). From
intention to use him in connexion Ep. 3028 it appears that Erasmvis
with the project for commuting his blamed Livinus Panagathus for his
English pensions; for the project see troubles with Clauthus. The con-
Ep. 2896. 24n and he had given him
; nexion of Clauthus with Reyner
a copy of the legal instrument drawn afTords perhaps some justification of
up for giving effect to the commuta- Erasmus' suspicions of him.
tion. At Antwerp Schets, to Eras- 14. pensionem] The Aldington pen-
mus' annoyance, gave him the original sion.
of the document (Ep. 2997). Already altera] The pension from the
before he left Erasmus had become Archbishop ; for the diploma cf. Ep.
suspicious of him. In a letter to 2896. 24n.
Schets (Ep. 2981) he calls him an 18. scribit Viues] In Ep. 2932. 30.
Anabaptist. He had found him morose The Spaniards imprisoned were John
and secretive, and believed him to be Vergara and his brother B. Tovar.
'infected with all the heresies'. His 19. regnum Franciscanorum] See
conduct when he set out for England above, II. 9-10; and cf. Epp. 2898,
—
had been particularly suspicious -he 2906, 2918, 2956, 2961. 44-6.
had departed without taking any sort 24. linteorimi] Cf. Epp. 2924, 2944.
of leave of his master (Epp. 2980-1 30. dux] Ulrich of Wiirtemberg.
cf. Ep. 2997). What basis there was 31. milites] EnroIIed in fear of the
for Erasmus' suspicions, we do not movements of Philip of Hesse, and
know. Some of them were probably no doubt disbanded after the peace
created by the fact that between the of Jime. See Epp. 2936-7, 2947.
end of July and the end of November
20 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1534
etiam quod isti Occasioni quae feliciter oblata est nihil passus sis
decedere, sed a fronte putaris arripiendam, quum occipitio sit caluo.
Philenus hic nondum comparuit. Tuam ac medici epistolam accepi
per Hieronymum Frobenium. Suspicabar allatas a Bebelio typo- 20
grapho, qui nunc rm-sus petiit Italiam.
Augustino Fohato vicissim ex me salutem annunciabis. Medici
htteris respondeo.
Cehi Calcagnini memoriam per te mihi refricari fuit gratissimum
in quo viro probitas et eruditio sic paria faciunt vt nescias vtro 25
nomine sit magis suspiciendus.
Manardo non solum meo nomine salutem dices mutuam, verum
etiam gratias ages, quod te complectitur. Omnino mah cuiusdam
fati mei est quod cogor cum tot excetris apologiis conflictari, verum
hoc malo quam si ego multos inuectiuis lacesserem. Nunc inter tot 30
apologias inuectiua nulla est Erasmi nec tamen omnibus respondeo.
;
[For the sources of the text, see Ep. 2ioi mtrod. 11. 22-120 are printed by
;
The present letter, Ep. 2962, and the earlier of Heresbach's two letters are
perhaps referred to in some sentences of a letter of Zasius to Boniface Amer-
bach, 30 Jan. 1535 'Domino Erasmo nouitates Colonia missae simt in negotio
:
2956. 56. Anabaptistarum] For with the purpose of making their way
Erasmus' sources of information in to Miinster. They were surprised and
connexion with the Anabaptist ris- routed by George Schenck (see Ep.
ings, here first mentioned in his cor- 2957. 28n). In Ep. 2961 the niunber
respondence, see Ep. 2957introd. The of ships intercepted is given as forty,
battle of which he here speaks and — not, as here, fifty.
—
again in Ep. 2961 was fought at the 60. Enoch et Heliam] John of
mouth of the Vecht, near Zwolle, in Leiden and John Mathyszoon; see
March 1535. Many thousands of the Kerssenbroch, Detmer, p. 470.
Anabaptists had collected at ZwoUe,
2957] FROM VIGLIUS ZUICHEMUS 23
13. Doccimiensem] John of Dok- pointed Official in Jan. 1534, ^ut did
kimi (f1541), assessor to the Im- not take up his duties till the beginning
perial Chamber and councillor to of June, Hoynck I. i. 13-14.
the duke of Juliers, doctor of laws 28. Schenck] George, son of Wil-
in Cologne. One of his sons, Jerome liam, Schenck (f 1540), 'Frisiae
(t 1535)» ws^s adopted by VigUus. praeses' (Ep. 303 1^'. 302), lord of
VigUus mentions his stay with John Toutenberg and Wennissenbach see ;
of Dokkum both in his autobiography NNB W. ; for his victory at the mouth
(Hoynck I. i. 13) and in a letter to of the Vecht (in the Zuider Zee) cf.
Choler of 7 Jan. 1535 (VZE. p. 204). Epp. 2956, 2961, 3031».
See Hoynck I. i. 102-5. 34. vrbem] Miinster.
16. officialatum] VigUus was ap-
24 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1534
letter extant.
is
Primo de' Conti, 1 498-1 593, son of Aloys de' Conti, was bom at Milan, and
won distinction as a scholar in Greek, Latin, Hebrew, and Chaldaic. At an
early date he came imder the influence of Jerome Aemilianus, founder of a
congregation of Regulars in Somascha. He was at first \mwilling to take orders,
but ingrauescente aetate' he was prevailed upon to do so. For many years
'
Of his relations with Erasmus we know, except for this letter, only so much
as is furnished to us by a passage in one of the Orations of his nephew Antonius
Majoragius (Antonio Maria de' Conti). Part of the passage is cited by Argelati.
Majoragius explains why he, and others of his family, abandoned the name
de' Conti; because it suggested, falsely, a title of nobility. He tells us that
—
Primo, in later life, styled himself Peter Comes -he had seen written works
of his in which his name was so given (the Christian name Peter he does not
explain: Primo perhaps adopted it when he took orders: EE.'s loannes woiild
seem to be a mere error). He goes on to relate that at some date, not specified,
but necessarily between 1529 and 1534, Primo travelled to Germany for the
purpose of making the acquaintance of Erasmus. He advised Erasmus of his
coming in a letter which he signed, in his customary fashion, 'Primus Comea
Mediolanensis'. Erasmus made elaborate preparations for receiving a great
noble, and even went out to meet him; but professed himself delighted to
2959] FROM PRIMO DE' CONTI 29
find a mere scholar. The relevant sentences are worth giving in full (M. Antonii
Maioragii Orationes, Orat. x. 65 v»., Venice, 1582):
toto amio laborasse morbo capitis. Respondi leui brachio, quid enim
agas cum furioso ? Non dubito, quin his nundinis autumnalibus
simus habituri Hbellum furiosiorem.
Nunc nihil dabimus, nisi Copiam multa accessione auctam Nouum 20 :
44. Franciscani] See Ep. 2955. ign. 61-2. pensionario meo] John de
47. Comes] Anthony of Lalaing, Hondt, see Ep. 751 introd.
lord of Montigny; see Ep. 2906. 73^. 65. expostulo] ? Ep. 1470.
56. intercepit] See Epp. 565. I2n, 67. misi] See Ep. 1471. 5-6.
2404. 8n. 79. deridens] Cf. Epp. 2793. 9-1 1,
58. Romae] See Epp. 1458, 1470, 2896. 9-1 1, 2965. 15.
2404. 2i-2n. 82. Nouus Archiepiscopus] Cran-
59-60. Canonico Tornacensi] J. de mer, see Ep. 2761. 22n.
Molendino.
;
119. Bedam] Beda had beenexiled 123. Ruffus] See Ep. 1407. 9211.
in May 1533 in connexion with his 127. Bnschius] See Ep. 830 introd.
attacks on the Miroir of Margaret of He had died in April (Ep. 2957).
Navarre, see Ep. 2851. 45^. At the Erasmus mentions his death in Ep.
time of the present letter he would 2976 when the present letter was
;
seem to have been in Paris, where we written he cannot have received Ep.
find him still imprisoned in June 1535 2957.
(Ep. 3029. 94-6). From Ep. 3029 we 133. Eugubinus] See Ep. 2465 in-
learn that he made the emenda hono- trod.
rahilis in the parvis of Xotre Dame 144. Epistola] The most recent let-
(28 Feb. 1535). He was, however, ter extant from Tomiczki is Ep. 2861
retained in prison, being finally per- of Aug. 1533.
mitted to retire to Mont-St.-Michel, 147. Antonino]SeeEp. i6o2introd.
where he died. 149-50. postremis .htteris] Pro-
. .
122. Nicolaus Clerici] He had sup- bably Ep. 2862, which Erasmus
ported Beda's attacks on Erasmus; answered in March 1534 with Ep.
see Ep. 2043 introd. 291 1.
2961] TO JUSTUS DECrUS 35
Libellus nondum excusus est, sed Romae diu voUtauit per manus 160
hominum, nunc etiam Papie. Vellem excusum esse: cui tamen non
sum responsurus.
Habes epistolam verbosam, sed cum amico candidissimo libenter
fabulor. Vale.
Dat. Friburgi Brisgoie xi. Calen. Septembris. Mo Do xxxiiij. 165
Erasmus Roterodamus mea manu.
Georgius Sabinus (Georg Schuler), 1508-60, was the son of Baldasar Schuler
of Brandenburg. Of the father we learn, from an epitaph written for him by
the son, that he was one of the principal magistrates of his city, and a man of
some wealth, by whose generosity the son was permitted to educate himself
for the profession of poetry. The name Sabinus was taken from Ovid (Atti.
2. 18. 27-34, Pont. 4. 16. 13-16). Ovid's Sabinus had written answers to six
of Ovid's Epistulae Heroidum. What purport to be three of these answers are
found in some mss. of Ovid. They are beheved to be the work of a fifteenth-
century poet, Angelus Sabinus and must have been known to Georgius
;
Sabinus (they were first printed in 1477, and had been reprinted sev-eral times
before 1530). The adoption of the name Sabinus is the subject of some Greek
verses by Camerarius prefixed to Sabinus' first volume of verse, Elegiae, 1530,
Joseph Clug, Wittenberg. Sabinus was educated at Wittenberg, where he
came under the influence of Melanchthon. In Melanchthon's company he
attended the Diet of Augsburg; and in the Elegiae of 1530 the poems are
preceded by an Epistola Philip. Melanch. De Conuentu Augustano (addressed
to John Silberhorn). In 1531 he pubhshed a translation of Isocrates, Oratio
ad Philippu7n regem Macedonum de concordia domi constituenda in 1533 a ;
the volume on which his farne rests, the Poemata (Strasbourg, Crato Mylius),
containing all his previously printed verse, together with two new books of
Elegies, De Nuptiis Inclyti Regis Poloniae Sigismundi Augusti et Elissae Caesaris
Ferdinandi filiae, a book of Epigrammata and Hendecasyllables, and an appen-
dix of Letters. The new Elegies contain many poems addressed to Bembo and
other great personages. Among
the letters is the present letter. The book
was enlarged and reprinted in 1558, and again in 1563 (Ep. 2970 appeared
for the first time in the edition of 1558). Coincidently with the publication
of the first edition of the Poemata Sabinus was appointed by Albert i of Prussia
to the rectorship of the newly founded i.miversity of Konigsberg. The later
editions of the Poemata contain many poems addressed to the Konigsberg
students. But in 1555 Sabinus, having become involved in the religious
troubles brought about in Konigsberg by Osiander, lost the favour of Albert i
and retm-ned to his old professorship in Frankfort. In the brief Life of him,
by Eusebius Menius, prefixed to the Poemata of 1563, notliing is said of these
religious troubles, and his return to Frankfort is represented as a matter pre-
arranged. In 1552 he published at Konigsberg his Vita Hugonis et Theodorici
Marchionum Brandenhurgensium of which there is a copy in the Brit. Mus.
;
;
29&L iS. naiijutos] See Adag. 1206, his 'Attucos (see Adag. 725) fjrom the
where KraHnniB cites tbe e^neaaiaa Adagia.
fixHn(Se.i^p.#Iaiii. 2. 13, butsoggests 2965. 2. litteris] The last letter
tfaat tfae true reading is «mcumto;. &om MoriUon which has sur\-ived is
Kgnatjnw dearfy deriveB botfa tfais and Ep. 20S3, of 6 Jan. 1329.
2965] TO GUY MORILLON 39
Erasrnus agat nosse cupis, mihi grauis ac pene assidua lucta est cum
senecta atquo eius comitibus podagra et chiragra, vel holagra potius,
cum calculo rarior ac leuior. Debemus Cesaris coramoditati quod 5
pacem habot Gormania, qui maluerit pacem iniquam quam bellum
aequum. Sectarum negotium adhuc sorpit, inundaturum ahquando,
ni cohibeatur. Anabaptistae non aUter inundarunt Germaniam in-
feriorem quam olim ranae et locustae Aegyptum: genus hominum
lyinphatum ac morti deuotum. Irrepserunt sub vmbra pietatis, sed 10
exitus erit pubHcum latrocinium et quod prodigii simile ost, quum
;
2965. 6. pacem] With Philip of incorroct, seeEp. 2932. 3211. Cf. Ep.
Hesse; see Ep. 2947; cf. Epp. 2917, 2961. 8911.
2936-7. 2966. r. Tredecim rnenses]
. . . The
6-7. maluerit . . . aequum] See Cic. last extant lettor from Polargus to
Epp. Fam. 6. 6. 5 ; cf. Ep. 3032. 8in. Erasmus is Ep. 2840, dated i July
15. doridet] Soo Ep. 2961. 79^. I533. from Froiburg. Hince that date
17. littoris] Not oxtant. ho had pubhshod his Opuscula, which
Ep. 2932. 3on.
23. scribit] containedcriticismof Erasmus(seeEp.
Vergairam] For this form of tho 2970. 23^). It is to bo noted that his
name seo Ep. 1431. 32n. letter makes no montion of this book.
26. Londoniensom] This report of 5. in aho vorsor mundo] Soo Epp.
John Stokesley'8 imprisonment was 2465. 247^, 2513. 470-in.
40 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1534
For other kings of beans see A. Wood, 35. currentem] See .4cfa^. 146.
d
2966] FROM AMBROSE PELARGUS 41
ERASMO ROTERODAMO.
Legitavi nuper suauiss. literas &c^. losephum meum, quem
proximis annis tuo rogatu Frobenio misi veHm ad me remittendum
cures, si ille satis commode vsus fuerit. Sin minus, expectabo ipse
in tuam gratiam tantisper, vel quantocumque meo incommodo, dum
ille suum commodum faciat. Vale.
Tui honoris semper et nominis cupidissimus et amantissimus.
Pinus, Riuensis episcopus.
2969. I. hteras] Not extant (hardly sent letters both to Erasmus and to
Ep. 2757). Damian or only to the latter.
2970. I. tuae] Not extant. 3. alterum] Matthew see Ep. 2963.
;
2970. II. Uteris] Ep. 2964. 19. Non deerant] The reference is
17. debacchatus sit in me] Me- probably to Ferdinand (see Ep. 2921.
lanchthon wrote to Camerarius on i— ?)•
II March 1534: 'Noster Arcesilas 23. librum] Pelargus' tracts against
renouat certamen cum Erasmo, quod the Anabaptists were printed in his
mihi sane dolet: yepovriKa nddri in Opuscula, Cologne, 1534.
vtroque me sohcitant .
.' ME.
. 11 73; 26. Commentarios] For Erasmus'
and he wrote to Bucer 15 March opinion of these see Ep. 2971.
1534: 'Doleo Lutherimi renouare cer- 297L 5. metus] For Erasmus' fear
tamen cum Erasmo. Sed video haec that his criticism had offended Sado-
esse plane avayKoia Ko/ca.' ME. 1175. leto see Ep. 2816 introd.
2971] TO JACOPO SADOLETO 45
Div est cum ego nihil de te, ne rumoris quidem, accepi. Quod si
tu ades in eisdem locis, in quibus sohtus es, tibique commoda vale-
tudo est, sicuti cupio equidem, et spero, nonnulla de eo me tenet
admiratio. Hominis enim TToXvBpvAXriTov Kal 7ToXvypa(f)ordTov non est
5 vsitatum hoc silentium. Sane nos post hbrum ilhnn tuum de Con-
cordia ecclesiae nihil ahud accepimus, quod ab Erasmo scriptum
esset. Itaque non sine ahqua sumus suspicione, ne aut minus fortasse
valeas, aut in Belgas tuos profectus sis. Videbare enim in hteris tuis
postremo ad me scriptis significare, te id cogitasse facere. Quod si
mi Erasme, quaeso vt certiorem me de tuo omni statu facias,
10 ita est,
qui pendeo animi, donec exploratum ahquid de te habuero: nam
mihi tua salus et tranquilhtas mirabihter cordi est.
a bishop, or, better still, had married a rich wife (Ep. 2427. 18-20).]
S. Puderet me, imo potius non auderem, obseruandissime D.,
apud tuam humanitatem antiquum illum morem pristinamque
scribendi consuetudinem repetere, nisi tu michi is semper visus esses,
de cuius facilitate (homini presertim ad frugem redeunti) nunquam
5 desperandum sit, quique michi ipsi videaris vltroneam propemodum
spondere veniam. Adde etiam quod res ipsa excusationi locum
necesse quodammodo impetrat.
lam aperte loquar, neque diutius per ambages. Non possum dis-
simulare meam, si non neghgentiam, haud dubie insolentiam, qui
10 toto pene sesquianno ita vecors inersque fui vt initam apud dominum
famuli notam nec htteris nec verbis nec aho aHquo ofificii genere
testatus sim. Sed hec si vUo sermone discutienda sunt, aut maiorem
abs me desiderabunt epistolam aut ego facie ad faciem huic enarrabo,
in cuiusaurem (si quid noxae est) id ipsum totum dicturus sim.
15 Neque enim omnino Friburg<um> abhorret animus, quanquam certo
pollicerinon audeam, ne (si id minus contingat) leuis hominis atque
etiam vani labe[m] intingar. lam in procinctu sum vt euolem, et
Louanium michi nidus proponitur. Si fiat, iam deinceps soUto
ofificiosior ero. Mirum in modum michi arridet ItaHa, si modo nil
20 turbulentius accedat quanquam hic status rerum innouatus nichil
;
2975. 4. proxime alteras] Ep. 2958. bius in Latin. The whole was con-
22. Aldo] The first voltune ap- cluded in May 1533 by a volume
peared in 15 18, followed by volumes bearing the imprint of the heirs of
dated 1519, 1520. In 1521 appeared Aldus and Asulanus.
the Epitome, with Florus, and Poly-
452.11 Til
;
2978. I. Literas . . . Alciatum] See Lille (Ep. 635. 2on.). It would seem
Epp. 2971. 34-6, 2972. 1-2. that by the date of this letter he had
6. meas] Ep. 2972. returned to Basle, and from Ep. 3012
12. Erasmimn] He had been with that he was still there in 1535.
Goclenius in the summer of 1530 and 14. to irpaxdev] See Adag. 370.
in Nov. 1531 was learning French at
52 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1534
S. Parum leta, sed tamen grata nuncias. Auebam scire, quid meo
Clautho accidisset, de quo nihil boni mihi presagiit anlmus, quod
me insalutato hinc discessit, ne pilo quidem hic relicto, quasi num-
quam huc rediturus. De epistoUs ad Sadoletum et Alcyatum bene
5 curatis habeo gratiam. Tametsi plane suspicor Sadoletum a nobis
aHenatum of&cio quo debebat nobis reddi amicior. Quereris quod
non respondeam Ktteris tuis. Quis ad istiusmodi nugas respondeat ?
Agis gratias pro communicato vnius noctis hospitio, pro nescio
quibus magnis meis in te meritis. Ahud argumentum inueni, si
lo expectas responsum.
Vale cum omnibus tibi charis. 28 die Nouemb. 1534.
Erasmus Rot. tuus.
Eximio. D.D. Bonifacio Amerbachio. Basileae.
2980. 2. Clautho] See Ep. 2955. Cromwell; seo Ep. 3107 introd. He
i3n. became principal Secretary to the
4. epistolis] That to Sadoleto was King in 1534.
Ep. 2971 ;cf.Epp. 2972. 1-4, 2978. 1-2. 6. quis] Livinus Algoet, see Ep.
2981. I. Clauthum] See Ep. 2955. 3028. 5n.
I3n. 20. Herborn] See Ep. 2896. I2n.
4-5. Secretarium Regis] Thomas
2981] TO ERASMUS SCHETS 63
hic eum iam animum ad alteram ilhus sororem adiecisse. Sed nihil
aeque intelligere gestio quam Mori tui tragoediam quam catastro-
phen nacta sit, quid de Roffensi quidque de aliis in vi<(n>cula
coniectis actum sit. 60
Si Anabaptista tuus (de quo mihi scripsisti) iam ad te rediit, non
22. EE: delictos MS. 24. EE: idolatriam MS. 29. acceto MS.
correximus. 51. exsectis scnpsimtis: exertis ilf/S.
dubito quin omnium rerum, quae illic aguntur, certior esse possis.
Quare de rebus Anglicis omnibus nobis perscribas diligentur.
te rogo,
Nostri negociatores qui in Hispania negociantur, pro explorato
65 affirmant Caesarem adornare profectionem ad Italiam et iam de-
lectum haberi per vniuersas regiones; quamuis multi item sint qui
credant, eum delectum non ad Caesaris peregrinationem fieri sed ad
instruendam classem, quam vere proximo vna cum nouo Pontifice
habiturus sit, duce Andrea Dorea, per totum mediter<r>aneum mare
70 contra Barbaros, qui elapsa aestate non exigua damna Italiae in-
tulere. Quod vtrum verius sit, euentus breui docebit.
Ex Vrbe scribunt amici, et referunt qui inde ad nos redeunt,
Pontificem Paulum iii. toto conatu incumbere vt Christianos prin-
cipes reducat in concordiam, et sperare etiam Anghae et regem et
75 regnum ad obedienciam reducere cum satisfactione omnium partium.
Quod qua ratione fieri possit, ingenium meum superat, Hcet sciam
magnis diis nil esse impos<s>ibile. Ferunt Caesarem tria peragenda
proposuisse, primum vt ItaHam pacificet vt confirmet labantem ;
religionem siue per concilium vel alia ratione tertio vt beUum gerat ;
Fuggerus apud nos non est muUis iam mensibus aedificat tamen :
69. Dorea] For A. Doria see Ep. 91. epistolam] Not extant; cf. Ep.
2977. 7- 3007. in.
2983] FROM JOHN CHOLER 57
2984. I. ventis .
. mandat] Pru-
. Ep. 2968.
11. littere]
dentius, Apoth. 657 (Prudentius has 16.Eschenueldium] Chr. Eschen-
flatibtis for ventis); cf. Mark 4. 40, felder, John of Metzenhausen's cus-
Luke 8. 25. toms-officer; see Ep. 879 introd. Ep.
6. legato] Perhaps Ermio Filonardi. 3003 is his answer to Erasmus' (non-
7. archiepiscopvun] John iii of extant) letter.
Metzenhausen, see Ep. 2968 introd.
58 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1534
2984. 24. Rosner] Not known to denda' (Baring, Leben Antonii Cor-
us. by EE.).
uini, 1749, p. 126, cited
25. Driander] On 20 Jime 1533 2985. i. principem] Rene of Nas-
Com. Agrippa wrote to him inviting sau, nephew and successor of PhiU-
him to visit Hermann of Wied at the bert of Chalons, prince of Orange
baths of Bertrich (Agr. E. p. 1059); (Cog. E. i. 332). He died without
he was to come 'Non medicatum .,
. . issue, 14 July 1544 (Cog. E. i. 356),
sed confabulatum, sed potum, sed and was succeeded by WUUam of
lusum et lauatum'. Driander was iU Nassau. In the docimaent in the
of a fever, and wrote declining {ih. Besangon Ubrary quoted above, Cog-
pp. 1060— i). His letter mentions natus' appointment is attributed to
Hutten as once a common friend of WiUiam of Nassau, who was, inter
himself and Agrippa. He speaks of alia, lord of Nozeroy; see Cog. E. i.
himself as both a doctor and a 7«a</ie- 356-7- Cognatus himself says that
maticiLs; and he may be (as EE. he was appointed by Rene (Cog. E.
suggest) the same as the Jolm Drian- i. 332). No commendatory letter is
der who was professor at Marburg in extant from Erasmus either to Rene
1537, and who is described as versed or to WUliam, nor yet to L. de Vers
'in medicinae ac matheseos arte tra- or Bonvalot or Leonard of Gruydres.
2985] FROM GILBERT COGNATUS 59
—
formation his children receivod their 2826 introd., 3019.
2988] 61
2988. To Paul m.
Vatican Archives, Lettere di Principi Freibiirg.
ix. 9, 12. 23 January 1535.
[An by a secretary, perhaps Cognatus, and signed by
original letter, written
Erasmus. There no address-sheet, possibly because the letter was carried
is
by L. Ber. It was printed by Cardanus in Quellen und Forschungen des preus-
sischen Instituts zu Rom xi (1908), p. 202. Ber, to whom the letter was en-
trusted, did not set out earlier than some date in February (Ep. 3001 introd.),
and reached Rome a little before 29 March (Ep. 3007).]
EvANGELicvs ille senex, beatissime Pater, aetate frigidus, pietate
feruidus, non aliam ob causam in vita morari sustinebat, nisi vt
videret Christum Domini; me vero, tametsi nihil habeo praeter
senium illi simile, tamen quidam affectus habet non omnino dissi-
milis. Videor enim mihi aequissimo animo hinc emigraturus, si post 5
tantas humanarum rerum tempestates ac dissidiorum turbines videro
tranquiUitatem diuinitus Ecclesiae redditam. Neque enim, postea-
quam res exisse videntur hominum potestatem, vllam spem esse
video, nisi Deus velut e machina, quod aiunt, sese proferens has
turbas redigat in concordiam. Suauissimus autem tui nominis odor, 10
Paule tertie, qui subito per vniuersum orbem dimanauit, omnium
animos erexit in spem fore vt qui olim in nauicula ventos ac fluctus
naufragium minitantes iussit consilescere, tandem experrectus et
nunc Ecclesiae suae nauim in tranquillum reducat. Nullus enim
ambigit quin diuinitus factum sit, quod tu inaudito suffragiorum 15
consensu, citra omnem ambitum et corruptelam, totius ditionis
Christianae gubernaculis admotus es, vir praeter maiorum imagines,
praeter eruditionem reconditam ac pietatem singularem, multo etiam
rerum praesertim ecclesiasticarum vsu instructus, atque ipsa demum
aetate venerandus. Pietas impelHt vt in primis reipublicae con- 20
sultum veHs prudentia illud addit, vt nemo te rectius dispiciat
;
45-6. in consortio columbae] See His genins for impartiality was soon
Epp. 2123. i^n, 2366. 58n. to be sorely tried by the crisis of
48. facultatum iacturam] We do Easter 1536 (see Pastor xi, ch. v).
not know what these losses were. With this temperamental inability to
Erasmus began life a very poor man. say Yes or No to plain questions
'
'
'
'
higher up on the same page. The year-date can be supphed by the reference
to More, who was arrested 17 April 1534 and executed 6 July 1535.]
Kirchspiel Bottrup, John Klopriss, 1535, Klopriss was burnt at the stake
the son of a tailor, was educated at in Briihl.
Cologne (1518-21: M.A. 1521), be- 26. Pater, in manus] Luke 23. 46.
coming vicar, successively, of the 2991. 1-3. tuas .. . mea] The
Matenakirche at Wesel, of Bishch, letters are not extant.
of Buderich. In Buderich he con- 2. calamos] For another request
tracted an irregular marriage, becom- for pens see Ep. 2903. 18-19. I^i
ing the father of four children. In the portraits of Erasmus, by Metsys
1527 he was brought before the and by Holbein, he is shown using a
ecclesiastical authorities in Cologne, reed pen.
and again in 1528, when he was 4. eidem] Amerbach seems to be
sentenced to imprisorunent for Hfe. answering a letter of Erasmus, not
But in 1529 he escaped to Wassen- extant, in which Erasmus had made
berg; where for four years he offi- reference (as he does again in Ep.
ciated as pastor, coming imder the 2996) to sickness in Freiburg. For
influence of RoU, whom he followed sickness in Freibm-g cf. Ep. 3000.
452.U Tf
66 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
•
Mori calamitatem dolenter fero. Idem praeclarum hunc virum
10 fatum exercet quod plerosque claros et de republica quam optime
meritos semper exercuit, nempe vt pro beneficiis malefacta reportet.
Vtinam
vel tandem Achillis voto adsequatur, vt patriam ingrati-
tudinis poenitere incipiat. Cura valetudinem, mi Erasme, ac sic
existima, nihil esse in quo tibi non ex animi sententia et morigerari
15 et inseruire gestiam.
Basileae 5 Februarii.
2991. 12. AchilHs] See Hom. II. introd. The letters he forwarded are
I. 233 voto would
ff. seem to be a not extant.
blxinder for votum. Clauthi] See Ep. 2955. I3n.
6.
2992. I. scripsi] Schets' letters be- epistolam] Ep. 2955. Erasmus'
tween March 1532 (Ep. 2625) and this letter of 6 Dec. 1534 (Ep. 2981) had
letter are all missing. evidently not yet reached Schets.
2. Conradumj See Ep. 2955. 2n. 19. gladium] = gladius, nominative.
4. orator] Chapuys, see Ep. 2798
2993] 67
S. P. D.
non desinit suis muneribus amicos honestare, vir certe (vt et Zasius
testatur) immortalitate dignissimus. At non hos duos solos hic habes
qui tibi fauent sunt alii quam plurimi, quos vel inter veros, indubi-
: 15
tatos et constantissimos amicos praecipuo loco connumerare potes,
etiam tibi adhuc non noti. Nam de R. episcopo nostro hic nihil
commemoro, cuius candidum pectus singularisque amor et pietas
erga te, iam pridem tibi cognita, niea testifficatione non egent. Quae
cum ita sint, tibi persuadeas velim, nihil gratius Fuggero et Paum- 20
gartnero posse contingere quam vt aliquando tibi officium gratum
exhibeant, modo inteUigant quid tibi effici vel prestari veHs.
Lucae Rem (vt ius<s>isti) tuo nomine gratias egi dUigenter lit-
terasque tuas Patauium mittendas commisi. PoUicitus est tibi
omnem suam operam rebus omnibus is habet fratrem episcopum
; 25
Chiemensem, doctum et virum bonum, tui etiam studiosum, et mihi
amicum rarissimum et patronum singularem.
R. episcopus Augustensis apud oppidum Danubianum Werdeam
II. constantius scripsimtis : constantior MS.
cae conducat, non satis mihi constat. Compertum sane est regem
Ferdinandum, duces Bauarie comitesque Palatinos, marchionem
Brandeburgensem, adiunctis sibi archiepiscopo Saltzburgensi, Bam-
bergensi, Eystetensi et Augustensi episcopis, iam foedus mutuum
40 percus<(s)isse et iam sibi comites, barones et caeteram istarmn
regionum nobihtatem et ecclesiasticos praelatos conciHasse et iam
ciuitatibus medium vnguem ostentare, Ucet fama sit aliquas vrbes
accessuras quae sectis adhuc non fauent. Hae[ae] tamen voluntates
contrariae et studiorum diuersitas factiones ingentes parere possunt,
45 suo tempore malo ingenti erupturas.
De Luscinio nihil est quod sis sohcitus, probo tamen quod ita se
gerat erga te Luscinius vt de eo nihil possis conqueri nam quod de ;
aha mens est, neque enim memini cuiquam mortahum epistolas tuas
55 legendas exhibuisse, nisi forte R. episcopo nostro aut Paumgartnero,
in quibus tamen secreti nihil erat: Antonio Fuggero nonnuUas ah-
—
quando legi dum hic esset, sed excerptim loca quaedam, non integras
epistolas, indicaui potius quam perlegi, caeterum mortahum nemini.
Plures sane mihi sunt noti hic et famihares, verum amici quibus
60 fidam admodum pauci. Nam si vnquam homo homini lupus fuit,
hoc maxime nunc temporis esse experior, doctus non sine meo in-
genti malo. Soleo et ego quidem apud te, quidquid in buccam
venerit, sine delectu effutire, perspectam habens cum prudentiam
tum et fidem tuam, nunquam hoc apud ahos ausurus. Quare prorsus
65 nihil est quod verearis ne tuae epistolae a me pubhcentur Fidei non ;
aeque credere possis ac mihi, penes quem tuto omnia deponere queas.
43. he§ MS. correximus. 49. EE: deo eo MS.
37. duces] William iv (1493-1550), 38-9. Bambergensi] Weigand v.
and Louis (1495-1545), sons of Albert Redwig, 1522-56.
IV. See Ep. 2947. 26n. 39. Eystetensi] Gabriel v. Eyb,
comitesque] Louis V (1478-1544) bishop of Eichstett, 1496-1535; the
and Frederic 11 (1482-1556), sons of archbishop of Mainz was metro-
the Elector Phihp. pohtan of the see. Von Eyb died on
38. Brandeburgensem] Albert 11, 30 Oct. 1535.
archbishop of Mainz (Ep. 661 in- 46. Luscinio] Luscinius had gone
trod.). back to Freiburg, and Choler sus-
Saltzburgensi] Matthew Lang pected him of being ill-disposed to-
1468-1540); see Ep. 549, 48n. He wards both himself and Erasmus, Ep.
was succeeded in his see by duke 2983. 94-101. See also Ep. 2814. 6n.
Ernest of Bavaria, count Palatine, 60. homo . . . lupus] Adag. 70.
brother of dukes William and Louis.
;
67. regem Galliae] See Ep. 2983. tinus {De miserabili Monasterienaium
4811. anabaptistarum obsidione, excidio, me-
80. dialogiun] Perhaps the dialogue morabilibus rebus tempore obsidionis,
of Antonius Corvinus mentioned with in vrbe gestis, Regis, Knipperdollingi,
praise by Melanchthon in ME. 1084; ac Krechtingi confessione et exitu
the letter is of vmcertain date, but epistola Antonii Coruini ad Oeorgium
the dialogue criticized Crotus Rubea- Spalatinum scripta, Wittenberg, 1536
nus and is placed by Tschackert (see Detmer, ibid. pp. 344-6)) ; cf. Ep.
(Briefwechsel des Antonius Corvinus 3031^. 135-8). His main work as a
p. 7) in 1533. We have not been able reformer was in Gottingen and Calen-
to see Tschackerfs Antonius Corvinus berg. In 1549 he was imprisoned by
Leben und Schriften and have no order of Duke Eric after three years'
:
706. 16-19). With five other persons, to have owed it to the clemency (if
he became imphcated in the affair of he had any) of Cromwell; for a letter
Elizabeth Barton, the 'Nun of Kent', addressed by him to Cromwell, see
who was one of his parishioners. All Brewer vii. 71.
of them appear on a hst drawn up by In respect of the incumbent who
Cromwell of persons to be attainted'
denied his obUgations Erasmus in
of high treason and suffer death' 1536 endeavoured to apply coercion
(Brewer vii. 70). Confessions were by a direct appeal to Cromwell (Ep.
wrung from all of them and they did
; 3107). See Epp. 2997. 73, 3028. 8-10,
penance at St. Paul's Cross (ib. 72). 3052. 15-17, 3058. 1-12, 3107. 6-1 1.
72 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
imprisonment of More and Fisher. The letter answers a letter of Schets (not
extant), but presumably that of Jan. 1535, referred to in Ep. 2992.]
2997. 75. Barbirius] On^ July 1533 in which he proposes as a final settle-
Barbirius had written a letter to ment that Barbirius should make the
Erasmus (Ep. 2842) in which, while payments due to date, and thereafter
not admitting a legal obhgation, he be absolved from further obUgation.
had expressed his wilhngness to pay. 78-9. Quid. .fames] Verg. ^.3.57.-
.
From that letter, 11. 22-3, it would 84. podagra] See Epp. 3000, 3005,
seem that Erasmus had complained where, however, the trouble is desig-
that Barbirius' treatment of him had nated holagra, and Ep. 3018.
—
madehimalaughingstock 'Erasmum 85. decumbunt . . . morivintur.
a Barbirio derideri' and in Ep. 2896.
; See Epp. 2996, 3000.
8 Erasmus, writing to Schets, uses the 86. delectus] See Ep. 3000.
expression 'Barbirius satis ex alto me 2998. 4. in hoc] 'for the purpose'.
deridet', cf. Epp. 2793. 11, 2961. On 5. cognouisse] Erasmus in fact
18 June 1535 we find Erasmus writing got the first news of Clauthus' death,
to Barbirius a letter, not extant, for- not from Schets, but from Grynaeus'
warded by Schets (Ep. 3025. 14-17), correspondent Reyner (Ep. 2997).
2998] FROM CONRAD GOCLENIUS 76
2998. 47. Campensis] For the vari- again, Ep. 3037. For his first wife see
ous invitations to Campensis see Epp. Ep. 2904. ^n. On 28 Sept. 1535
1257. i6n, 2644. 23n, 2876. gn. Goclenius refers to Dilffs continued
51. Dauid] Erasmus' hospes in ill-health and mentions, among other
Brussels, see Ep. 532. 32^. afflictions, legal difficulties in con-
52. Viandalus] Whom Erasmus nexion with his first marriage, Ep.
knew at Louvain, see Ep. 1237. ^in. 3061. 47-50.
53. Dilfus] On 10 Aug. 1535 Gocle- 2999. 3. prioribus . epistoHs] Ep.
. .
12-13. receptaculum] Cf. Ep. 3031. Schomacker: see Ep. 2990. i8n.
191. 47. Comitia] For the conference
17. emissarios] See what is said of held at Worms 4 April 1535, see
the mission of Roll in Ep. 2957. Kerssenbroch, ed. Detmer p. 750;
18. Vesahae] See Ep. 2990. i^n. cf. Ep. 3071.
22. Anabaptista quidam] Peter
78 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
6-7. Gelenius] See Ep. 1702. 8n. the pieces of Lucian translated by
10. literis] See Ep. 2960. i6n. Erasmus' friend Sinapius in 1538.
12. Dauid] Psalm 89 (Vulg.). 10. 20. podagra] See Epp. 2997. 85,
13. ni fallor] For Erasmus' con- 3018.
flicting statements as to his age see 27. simih malo] See Epp. 2991,
Appendix II, vol. i, p. 578, with the 2996.
reff.there given. 32. Dux] He had regained his
16.vt aiunt philosophi] See Adag. duchy in June 1534; see Ep. 2917.
1537. 5in. For Luther's 'libellus' {Von der
17. Lucianus] See the verse dia- Winkehnesse und PJaffenweihe) see
logue Tragopodagra, passim one of — Ep. 2906. 10-14.
3000] TO PETER TOMICZKI 79
43. Rex Gallorum]See Epp. 2983. error. See Ep. 3020. i^n.
3n, 2993.67-9; cf.Epp. 3043, 3048-9. 73. affigi Terminum] The letter has
55. delectus] See Ep. 2997. 87. agoodimpressionof theTerminusseal
61-2. septuagenario maiorem] An at foot, in place of a signature.
80 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
Sinapius that Erasmus first heard of Odonus and his friend Philaenus. In
April 1534 the two friends were still in Italy. They were leaving Italy for
Germany (for the reasons given in II. 991-1018 of the present letter). Sinapius
furnished them with a letter of introduction to Erasmus (see the letter of
Sinapius to Philaenus printed by Staehelin in Briefe aus der Reformationszeit,
pp. 25-6). Ep. 2956, written in July 1534, shows that Erasmus had received
Sinapius' letter of introduction, through Jerome Froben and he was expect- ;
ing to see Philaenus. When the present letter was written Odonus was un-
certain whether Erasmus had in fact received Sinapius' letter as a consequence, ;
when they visited Erasmus, he and Philaenus brought with them an introduc-
tion from Capito (II. 985-991). Their personal contact with Erasmus seems to
have been limited to two calls which they made on him (Cog. E. i. 307) whether ;
they were actually staying in Freibiirg at the time is not clear Odonus speaks —
of Cognatus accompanying them to their carriage, which perhaps suggests that
they came from a distance. The visit fell between Easter and the middle of
May; for on May i6th Odonus had returned to Strasbotu"g, carrying with him
a letter from Erasmus to Hedio (Ep, 3020 see Cog. E. i. 306-9).
;
not in Rome imtil the latter part of eosdem Criminatores alienae Famae',
March (see Ep. 2988 introd.). But 1535 (see WE. Ssiii) the stolen letter—
Erasmus may mean that he consulted was a letter of Cochlaeus to Witzel.
with Ber on the subject of the divorce 23. Mori Epistolas] The reference
generally, at an earlier date. is Cochlaeus' volume Epistola
to
3001. 19. Libellos] Though no spe- Nicolae Pape i, 1536 (with a section
cific work is indicated, the fact that of letters from More and Erasmus).
452.11 a
82 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
together with a letter from Philaenus to Cognatus (all May-Oct. 1535). Two
letters from Sebastian Grj^phius to Odonus and Philaenus, 5 Feb. and 7 May
1535 are preserved in Basle MS. G^. 1. 18. n^ 29; £E. 17-18. In Strasbourg
(Stadtarchiv, Epistt. ad historiam ecclesiasticam s. xvi pertinentes i. 28) there
is an autograph letter of Odonus to Bucer, dated Venice, 16 June 1534 (of which
there are also copies at Basle and Zurich). Two letters of Grynaeus to Bucer,
19 and 20 Sept. 1534, preser\'ed in autograph at Strasbourg (ib. iv. 234^, 234^)
—
and in copies at Zurich, introduce Odonus and Philaenus Grynaeus mentions
that they have been commended to him by Sinapius. Outside these letters,
and those akeady mentioned, we have no particulars of Philaentis and Odonus.
From the letters of Sinapius and Gn^phius we learn that the fuU name of
Philaenus was Philaenus Ltmardus. From the present letter we know that
he was a native of Bologna, where both he and Odonus received their educa-
tion. At Bologna both of them had witnessed the meeting of Charles v and
the Pope (11. 1014-16). Odonus, the son of a doctor of medicine (U. 878-87),
was bom at Penne in the Abruzzi (U. 485—7), and educated for his father's
profession. He had four mairied sisters, and a brother, Caesar, apparently
two years yoimger than himself. Caesar is conceivably the Caesare Odoni
mentioned in Tiraboschi 7, p. 895 and may be conjectured to be the Caesar
;
Salve Erasme, virorum omnium, quos hic Sol videt, omni virtu-
tum, omni doctriiiarum genere praestantissime, mihi vero oculismeis
(Deus ipse scit me vera dicere), ac vita mea longe charior. Sed audi
obsecro, ne te subtrahas, amabHissime Erasme. Neque enim nunc
5 animus est, quanquam mihi supra quam dici queat suauissimos,
tuarum laudum campos ingredi, hoc est maria concha, coelos clau-
dere pugillo. Verum hic aliquot modo scintillulas videbis ex illa
magna amoris in te nostri flamma promicantes, qua nos iam septem
et eo amplius annos miris flagrare modis coepimus. Ac ipse quidem
10 satis noui et meam humihtatem et subhmitatem, Erasme, tuam qua
iam es omnium iudicio supra omnem humanae sortis aleam euectus.
Nec me fugit quantae audaciae atque adeo criminis sit, doctorem
tantum, ita perpetuo reipubhcae Christianae commodis incumben-
tem, a seriis vllo pacto studiis vel ad breue tempus auocare. Sed quid
15 faciam, mi Erasme humanissime, si igneam amoris vim iam dudum
erumpere gestientem diutius cohibere non potui ? In sinum itaque
gionem hausi Christianam, antea ferme dxpt.crT09 Kal ddeos (si super-
stitio pietas non est). Inde immortaha lesu Domini assertorisque 55
mei sensi beneficia. Inde quid ego tum ilh, tum proximis deberem
didici. Hinc factum est vt non nuUi me vocare coeperint 'Epaa^iiavov
(quum XpLdTiavov potius debuissent), quod nusquam tuis me hbris
incomitatum viderent aut prodeuntem, aut prandentem, aut coenan-
tem, aut denique dormientem ac surgentem. Atque vtinam tam 60
honorificum nomen vere in me competat, quod quidem nobUissimi
etiam senatores, ac primarii summorum Caesarum a consihis,
udemque hnguarum ac hberahum disciphnarum peritissimi, optabUe
sibi in primis atque gloriosum censuerunt hoc est, vtinam eo pectore
;
85 quam triumpho! non paulo plus profecto quam fihi sibi soleant in
parentumvictoriis, gloria ac maiestate gratulari. Quid vero dicam
de amantum somniis, quum iUa noctes ferme omnes ac perpetuas te
mihi faciant praesentem, colloquentem et complectentem ? Nam
interdiu non alia recursat cogitatio aut iucundior aut frequentior;
90 non sermo alius aut lectio suauior. Atque hi qviidem affectus tanto
sunt in nobis vehementiores quanto aethereus ille amor meus vul-
garem istam insanamque poeticorum turbam Cupidinum ingenio ac
viribus antecellit. Cupido enim iUe coelestis, coelestiumque rerum
mentibus amorem inserens, ille, inquam, fecit vt tuas potissimum
95 dotes amarem, tua potissimum, quibus vndique a Christo ornatus es,
munera suspicerem: quae quidem haud humiha, nec fluxa caducaue
sunt, haud fortunae casibus obnoxia, haud vllis temporum
vllis
iaiuriis exposita,sed magna esse video, sed coelestia, sed aeterna.
Quaenam ista ? dicet ahquis. Summam videlicet in diuinis hu-
100 manisque studiis doctrinam, cum summa eloquentia et probitate
coniunctam, eamciue tot libris aeditis non solum orbi spectatissimam
verum etiam linguis ac disciplinis Ecclesiaeque vtfiissimam. Sum-
mam deinde et indefatigabUem in tantis operibus Christianae mentis
alacritatem, non sibi honores, non census ambientis, imo nec affectae
105 valetudini parcentis, sed perpetuo soHus Christi gloriam hominumque
salutem et commoda spectantis. Ad haec inuictissimam officiosi
animi tolerantiam atque constantiam aduersus etiam ingratissimos,
qui veluti Sathanae sateUites toti sunt in stimuhs colaphisque. Tum
admirandam planeque apostohcam in violentis hodie pseudapostolo-
iio rum cultibus expugnandis, et vera pietate promouenda sedulitatem
atque lenitatem. Eximiam postremo ac raram, multisque iam tem-
poribus inauditam, et vix [pene] credibilem in tam excelsis dotibus
modestiam, qua quidem velut iUustri virtutum tuarum colophone
fit vt, quum huius eruditos secuU (quo decem ab hinc secuUs non
115 aUud fuit eruditius) omneis omnium bonarum artium tractatione
superaris (id quod ipsimet etiam scripto pronunciant), ita tamen
caeteris quamuis longe inferioribus tu te ipse aeques ac submittas,
88. collequentem MS. : correximus.
3002] FROM JOHN ANGELUS ODONUS 85
defessa tot annorum cura locos omnes excutiens pensitansque ex- 220
coluisti, vt iam omnibus et libeat et liceat in his amenissimis viri-
dariis viuere, suauissimaque flosculorum aura fructibusque recreari.
Atque ita quum magnum vbique apud literatos Christi silentium
esset, tu libris tandem tuis ac laboribus nunquam satis pro merito
laudatis, bonas postliminio Hteras ad Christi gloriam reduxisti. Quae 225
quidem quum et alias tibi plurimum debeant, tuis quippe armis et
acriter et feliciter contra barbaros protectae adiutaeque, nunc quod
ab impia paganorum tyrannide ad gloriosam Dei optimi maximi
reuersae ciuitatem suo sint iterum Christo redditae, id ipsum vni
praecipue tibi multo magis ac Hbentius debent et, vt gratae sunt, 230
debebunt semper. Neque iam periti tantum ac in magnis studus
versati tuis parentes monitis sese Christo adglomerant, verum etiam
variarum nationum et Hnguarum idiotae, viri pariter ac muHeres,
tuis eiusmodi exciti classicis vbique gentium sonantibus, certatim
antiquo regi nomina dant Christo, certatim Ecclesiae suique instau- 235
rationem meditantur, certatim cordibus ac Hnguis suo venienti ac
visitanti lesu canunt X3 ny^^tyin. Salue igitur, sanctissime Dei
nostri confessor, doctor et apostole: aut siquid his etiam nomini-
bus subHmius est et augustius. Neque enim dubium est quin Deus
iUe, qui nascenti primum ecclesiae Paulum donauit ex vtero materno 240
segregatum, deinceps vero Origenem, Hieronymum, Chrysostomum,
Augustinum, caeterasque ecclesiae columnas, nunc idem postremis
his temporibus coUapsam dudum reHgionem miseratus, te tot Hnguis
doctrinisque instructum, tanta insignem pietate ac prudentia, tanto
Dei zelo feruentem, tot aHis Sancti Spmtus donis ornatum mimdo 245
dederit, Hterarum, theologiae Christianismique reductorem.
312. Sacrilegisque &c.] In the first altering per agros to per vrhea. At
version Odonus had written 'Con- some later date he seems to have
fossique iacent insigni strage per cancelled his original line, substitut-
agros' ; in Cog. E. i. 308 he suggests ing the present text.
;
385 Summae
mihi quidem, imo ambobus (nam et meo et Philaeni mei
nomine iamdudum scribi haec ne dubita), summae, inquam, esset
voluptati ista prosequi longius. Verum cum Deo colloquium miscere,
tum ahquid tuarum laudum canere, altioris esse spiritus existimo,
eiusque qui aduentanti Deo pulsantique non se organum praebeat
390 refractarium. Sed quam nobis uiter legendum, quaeso te, Erasme
modestissime, coecutientiam obiicis ? Cuiusnam atVoAou subinde
occinis amori nostro hemistichium, vt cui ra [xrj KaXa KaXa T^e^avrai ?
Quasi vero primi nos aut soli de te ita sentiamus: aut quasi coecus
is dicendus sit cui solis lumen vniuersa simul superare lumina
395 videatur, idque esse dicat humanis et visibus et verbis maius. Imo
illequidem est coecissimus, qui id non videt quod nemo non videt.
Talia enim de te, atque maiora, doctorum bonorumque omnium
vndique audiuntur testimonia.
Verum agnoscimus etiam hic religionem tuam viuam qui te nihil :
apud te habere Italos sat scimus. Tametsi aiunt nescio qui et Italos
445 tibi teque vicissim Italis parum esse aequum. Quorum vtroque haud
scimus an quicquam dici possit et impudentius et vanius. Et inepti
simus profecto ista si pluribus nunc refeUere veUmus quae quidem ;
444. nescio qui] Presumably Peter 482. non semel] Erasmus in fact
Cursius, whose Defensio pro Italia ad visited Italy only once, July 1506-
Erasmum Roterodamum was printed July 1509. For projected visits, see
in the spring of this year; see Ep. Ep. 3032.
3007. 54n. 485. Pinnaque] See 1. 598n.
463. leui. ..brachio]See^(iagr. 327.
;
tempore Ubris, usque Etrusca Ungua, aeditis (dignis vero qui ob 505
eximiam argumenti vtUitatem in omnium populorura Unguas trans-
fundantur), testatus est ItaUam nostram cum aUa permulta et
maxima, tum ipsam quoque reUgionem penitus omnem exuisse;
idque ob Romanae sedis sanctitatem. Quam etiam vrbem palam
Petrarcha Italus et Babiloniam et Bacchi Venerisque mancipium et 510
haeresecon tempUim et errorum scholam et viuorum tartarum, denique
malorum scelerumque omnium quibus orbis hodie obruitur clamat
officinam. Et hactenus ipsius Petrarchae verba retuUmus. Piget
vero ac pudet referre caetera his foediora muUo quae canonicus iUe
:
560. clamabat Paulus] i Cor. 9. 16. 66, 2721. 7 ; Addenda, vol. x, p. xxiii.
570. male feriatis] See Epp. 2211.
3002] FROM JOHN ANGELUS ODONUS 95
rium are concerned, Ahitophel is not of the VestLni, lay in the fourth of the
in question, see 2 Sam. 16. 7. eleven 'regions' into which Augustus
591. coelmn] In Ep. 632. 1-3 (which divided Italy.
Odonus cannot have seen) Erasmus 599. Bononiensis] Gryphius mis-
praises the cHmate of Padua, but takenly addresses both Odonus and
refuses praise to that of Bologna, Philaenus as Bononienses no doubt,
;
Florence, and Rome. In Ep. 1224. owing to the connexion of both with
8-10 he says that the chmate of the university of Bologna.
Louvainisasgoodas thatof Italy. In 607. Aemilius] See Ep. 2154 introd.
Ep. 3043 he tells Damian that Italy B.E^s gives 1531 as the date of the
is warm compared with Lapland. In first edition of AemiUus' translation
general, his references to the climate of of the Enchiridion. Odonus mentions
Italy, and the learning and character AemiUus' translation in his letter to
of the Italians, are disparaging and do Bucer it is the more remarkable that,
;
not bear out what Odonus says; see in Cog. E. i. 310, 311, 312, both he
Epp. 457. 58-9, 540. 28-34. ^^^ Philaenus should confuse Aemi-
598. regione . .
. quarta] Penne in lius and Vincentius Magius.
;
sunt isti alii ? Italus nie et ille ahter censet de Erasmo. Cicuta et 665
aconitum in horto puUularunt: venenatae sunt igitur herbae ac
arbores vniuersae. Adest CatUina et Cetegus in senatu: nuUi ergo
senatores, neque M. Cato, neque C. Caesar, neque M. Cicero consul
neque reUqui bene sentiunt de repubUca ? ludas Christum prodidit
itane alU Christum ex animo non dUigunt ApostoU ? At certe duo 670
isti TptaKaTdpaTOi suo se iudicio, veluti sorices, prodiderunt ac perdi-
derunt. Alterius enim aconitum radicitus euulsum exaruit, foedis-
simeque computruit. Alterius cicuta an viuat nescimus iUam certe ;
654. purpuram] See Ep. 3007. 511. 27; cf. Adag. 1406.
What Odonus here says about the 670. duo] ? Albertus Pius (the
cardinalate is conceivably a later Catilina of 1. 674) and Scahger.
insertion. 688. eTwaiov . .. dpovpt^s] Hom. II,
659. prouerbium] Diogenianus vi. 18. 104.
452.11 TT
;
sperata vicinitatis huius sese obtulerit occasio. Porro siquid ex suis 785
hinc laudibus tua ofifensa est altissima modestia, id speramus te
condonaturum nobis, quum quotidie multo augustioribus elogiis te
celebrent principes omnes et orbis et eruditionis et pietatis celeber-
rimi. Qui primum ea iudicii acrimonia eoque vitae praediti sunt
splendore vt adulationis aut erroris nuUa in ipsis vel vmbra haerere 790
queat; deinde vt penitius perspiciunt tua decora longe omnium
praestantissima, ita pro eadem ingenii feUcitate norunt iUa suis
demonstrare coloribus. Ab iis vndequaque gentium, iam pridem
(veUs noUs) audire cogeris non modo in omni doctrina virtuteque
summus, probitatisque ac eruditionis arcem obtinens, non modo in 795
studus verae theologiae instaurandis doctorum omnium et huius
secuU pater, verum etiam ornamentum orbis, eruditorum Phoenix,
Numen, Sol, eximium atque vnicum Uterarum ac doctrinarum decus,
deUtium vniuersi Uterati orbis, ter maximus Heros, pubUco omnium
studiosorum Ecclesiaeque bono natus, TrdvTCDv dyadcov aoipos, [xvpfxr^Kla, 800
ddXaacra, qualem mille annis non viderunt scholae, vix aUqua videbit
753. Non scripsimus : Nam MS. 793. vndiquaque M*S'. : correximus.
100 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
810 omneis in te suas orbi expHcuerat. Quaha vero nunc putandum est
vel scribi de te, vel tacitis gratisque animis apud se quenque cogitare,
quum tu ex illo quidem tempore non modo Erasmum ipsum supera-
ueris, nuUi iam tunc nisi ipsi Erasmo superabilem, verum etiam
triplo illum reddideris augustiorem ? Quod aHoqui fieri vix iis videri
815 poterat qui parum nossent inexhaustam esse munificentiam mini-
meque abbreuiatam manum Domini in electos suos.
Ignoscet itaque nobis tua potius facihtas, quicquid erratum est,
dum ex tanto tuorum cumulo meritorum ahquid obiter attigimus
aut (quod magis verendum est) detriuimus, tum ingenii culpa, tum
820 Hteris non huc proprie destinatis. ProKxitatem vero epistolae, eique
parem ruditatem, quam vltro tibi proditum venimus cum versiculis,
nescimus quidem quo colore excusemus, nisi tu nostro illi amori
veniam des cuius vere omnia vincentis imperio non parere, pericu-
;
quod Bononiae nobis vna sit tuis picta articuhs quam ipse Patauium :
iam inde, Deo nimirum sic volente, inter vicinos erat et amicitia et
familiaritas, tandem secuti Trapa/cATjatv illam tuam, /cat ixedoSov
TTeiOovg ac spiritus vi efficacissimam —vter prior persuasus id alteri
905 suaserit incertum, —
ambo certe postea, vt longe pluribus et melius
et gratis opem ferremus, aspirare coepimus ad Theologiam, discipli-
narum rerumque omnium multo maxime necessariam, cum semper
alias, tum vero hoc plenissimo nimis iam furentium haereticorum
seculo, ac nostris praecipue terris, in quibus quaeuis alia potius quam
910 Christianae doctrinae studia magni fiunt, expetuntur ac memorantur.
Nam paucuHs exceptis monachis, quorum plerique nimium in hac
frigent, feruent in sophisticis, apud alios tam clericos quam laicos
(proh abominanda misero populo paganitas !) sacratissimae theologiae
ovhels plane Aoyo?.Nunc itaque reliquis omnibus ob hanc margari-
915 tam posthabitis, in graecas et hebraicas literas magno hic studio
incumbimus, quotidieque aHquid ex diuinis libris tum audientes tum
legentes doctrinam ac vitam Christo dignam meditamur pro viribus.
Hoc autem nos pacto putamus te etiam esse demeritos, vel tuo nobili
illo certoque iudice Enchiridio, a quo pronunciatur is demum diuis
920 gratissimus esse cultus, quum in ipsorum gratiam aut exemplum
proximus diligitur et Christus rebus omnibus antefertur.
Atque id etiam ipsum (ita me Deus amet) est in causa, Erasme,
vt quum saepe cogitem aUquid de tuis laudibus dicere, hoc est sus
camelusque saltare, ac vere (vt ahud habet prouerbium) rd rov Trvy-
925 fiaiov aKpoOivLa KoXoaau) ecj^apyLot^eiv, quanquam aiiimo vulgata illa
statim subeunt, 'Sumite materiam', et
Quis decus aeternum, quis Erasmi nesciat vrbem,
Virtutesque librosque et tanti lumuia solis ?
tum illud vatis vtriusque, quis 'claram Rhodon' aut 'Delon Lato-
930 niam ' non quis Helenam aut HercuHs praestantiam non
dixit ?
sicut mihi facilius, ita tibimulto esse gratius, vt ipse linguis interea
bonisque disciplinis vacare pergam ac theologiae quae quidem meis, :
(de Domino coelesti) than in making 972. diligat annis] Cf. Verg. A.
. . .
990 testamento, ita his etiam Hteris, nullus omnino nec locus est nec
honos. Is vero nunc abest reuocatus in patriam a propinquis, ad
domestica quaedam negocia componenda. Simul atque vir nostri
amantissimus redierit, nos isthuc aderimus ambo non ad tuam ;
are added by Eschenfelder. The address is cut off at the ends of both lines.
For Eschenfelder see Ep. 879 introd.]
S. P. Magno sum gaudio affectus proximis iam literis tuis, doctis-
sime Erasme, quibus cognoui te pristina adhuc et recta praeditum
esse valetudine. In ea enim totus sum sentencia, vt putem foelicis-
simam fore non rem literariam tantum sed et Germaniam ipsam, si
te, suum lumen ac decus, quam diutissime habuerit superstitem. 5
Ego sane non minus gaudeo te vnum foehciter recteque valere, quam
meos mihi charissimos, hoc est coniugem et hberos, quos tu quoque
(sit gratia tibi) recte valere summopere exoptas. Caeterum non
deero Conrado illi vel tui causa quod hunc mihi tuae Hterae com-
mendarunt, vbi sese obtulerit occasio. Vnum tamen hoc te vtinam 10
exorare possem, quod eciam antea te per famulum tuum oraui, vt
psalmum illum qui mihi prae ceteris placet, 'Beatus vir qui timet
Dominum etc, vxor tua sicut vitis etc.', in mei meorumque gratiam
iusta interpretacione expUcare non graueris. Quo simul et rem mihi
gratissimam feceris, et boni omnes cognoscent me non vulgariter ab 15
Erasmo amari. Bene vale, vir doctissime, diu nobis vniuersaeque
Germaniae superstes. Salutat te vxor mea reuerenter atque amanter.
Dat. ex Boppardia 12 Marcii Anno 1535.
D. t. deditissimus
Christophorus Eschenfelder, manu propria. 20
3003. I. literis] Not extant, but Ps. 127. 3. Though he did not actually
the letter is referred to in Ep. 2984. comply with this request, Erasmus
9. Conrado] Nyder. See Ep. 2984 did, in 1536, dedicate to Eschenfelder
introd. his De puritate, which is an enarratio
12. psahnum] Probably not Ps. iii of Ps. 14 (Vulg.); see Epp. 3081, 3086.
but Ps. 127 (Vulg.), since the
(Vulg.), 3004. i. hteris] Not extant.
words 'vxor tua' etc. are taken from
106 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
ipsa tua epistola indicat, quippe qua pro accusatore longe candidis-
simum mihi agis intermissi officii interpretem, persuasum habens,
10 id quod maxime volebam, nempe parem et eandem constantem inter
nos accipi ac reddi voluntatem, etiam si nihil ititerim scribatur.
Neque hoc falsus ; nam quod ad me attinet, qui meo promus sum
pectori, citius hercule vastum oceanum aqua quam Rinckum mutuus
Erasmum suum aflfectus debitaque obseruantia defecerit. Nisi
erga
15 enimsic amantem redamauero, sim profecto quantum viuit homi-
num inhumanissimus et proinde dignus quem nemo non e suo
contubernio amotum, eiectum, explosum iubeat abire is KopaKas.
lam vero si omnia amicorum communia, quomodo Pythagorae
visum fuit, dolore qui non maxitne affligar, postquam maximum
20 amicum afflicta valetudine cognoui et eundem nefaria oblatratorum
improbitate molestari ? Dii male faciant belluis iHis quae te con-
turbant. Verum optarim equidem chiragram ipsam ac podagram
aHosque id genus senectutis sateUites profligatos: quo facto vitiHga-
torum phalangem dubio procul facile fuderis, quantumuis aetate
25 prouectus, siquidem bos lassus fortius pedem figit.
Scripsit D. loannes Cocleus, vir, id quod certo scio, tui nominis
cumprimis studiosus, nuper ad me de responsione tua aduersus
Lutheri calumnias edita per amicos se factum certiorem, in qua
dignam iUi abs te tahonem redditam cupiebat, non quod conuitiis
30 delectaretur (sic enim inquit), sed quod vellet eius famam et existi-
mationem minui, idque salutis animarum causa. Nae monstrum
horrendum Lutherus ab infernahbus Furiis missum in orbem tur-
bandis omnibus. Profecto aut ego multum cum multis faUor aut is
vnus nobis sementem fecit, vnde tot iam annis proh dolor! hanc — —
35 malorum metimus messem. An non e Lutherano seminario, quod
Cocleus noster in confutatione articulorum Monasteriensium hquido
ostendit, Zuinghani, Anabaptistae, Melchioriste rehquaeque haereti-
corum pestes, indignae quae nominentur, succreuerunt ? Atque hi
omnes, vt in multis ad pugnas et verbera vsque dissentiunt, mirum
40 quam in demohenda vinea Domini Sabaoth consentiant, ad diaboli
nimirum exemplum suo ipsorum malo quam pluritnos secum in
exitium pertrahere cupientes. Proinde non vsque adeo miror equi-
dem, mi Erasme, si tibi, homini citra controuersiam incomparabUiter
et docto et pio, Christianam rehgionem, et item bonas hteras, in-
45 terire animaduertenti, et cum ipso Heha pro domo Dei zelanti,
minus iucundum sit viuere. Atqui rogandus vineae Dominus ardenti-
bus votis, vt videat tandem et visitet vineam suam eamque a vulpe-
cuHs demoHentibus et exterminatore apro vindicet.
Sed de his hactenus. Porro quod rarius scribimus quam veUes
50 fortassis, noHm negHgentiam aut socordiam in causa esse existimes
(cupio namque tecum tum saepe tum pluribus), sed quia, preterquam
quod grauibus negociis te semper occupatissimum scio, et languidum
accepi, quare non debebam, opinor, nugulis nostris oppido inconditis
obtrudendis tibi esse molestus. Et si nihil horum, tamen quoties in
mentem venit rarum illud tuum ingenium ingeniique dotes plane 55
diuinae, summa omnium disciplinarum scientia cum summa con-
iuncta eloquentia, et contra singularis mea inscitia cum pari copulata
infantia, a scribendi munere facile deterreor. Ne tamen inofficiosus
videar, meque suauissimo tuo colloquio per literas, quando aliter
non Ucet, priuem, ipse si par pari volueris referre, magnitudine tua 60
parumper in tergum seposita humanitatem ob oculos ponendam
—
duxi: qua fretus amanter balbutien<tis> feres, spero immo scio certo
certius — quae tua erga me humanitas, candor<em).
a multis, vt qui auidissime,expectatur.
Heus, tuus
Ecclesiastes
Cuius fructum ne diutius inuideas pietatis studiosis, queso. 65
Deus optimus maximus pristinam tibi restituat incokimitatem (si
id factum non est), et eandem quam diutissime dignetur conseruare.
Ex Colonia Agrippina, 16 Martii anno ab orbe redempto 1535.
loannes Rinckus vere tuus, manu propria.
copy, but that he hunted for one vainly in Paris 'apud omnes pedantes', and
that he sought out and burnt all copies that he could lay hands on anjrwhere
{Scaligeriana, p. 105). In the dedicatory epistle to the book, addressed to Peter
Rubrius, J. C. ScaUger states that the letter was forwarded to him by MerbeUus
and Laurentia, without any covering letter, and that he received it from his
bookseller (presumably Vidoue) on 12 Sept. <i535> who insisted on his writing
;
a rejoinder to it; and hence the second Oratio (j3 5-6). Scahger clearly
supposes that the letter which he received was that sent in Erasmus' auto-
graph to MerbeUus and Laurentia {ibid. p. 47). That it was sent to him by
MerbeUus and Laiu-entia seems to be merely conjecture on his part. MerbeUus
did not aclaiowledge Erasmus' letter imtil 9 Nov. 1535 (Ep. 3070), when he
speaks of it as received 'nuper'. It is difficult to beUeve that, two months
before aclmowledging it, he had forwarded either the original or a copy to
ScaUger. The messenger who deUvered the letter to Merbelius had, MerbeUus
teUs Erasmus, been delayed and robbed—losing both his money and a copy
of the Precationes Aliquot sent to him by Erasmus. It seems not unlikely
that the thief who took these from him had taken from him Erasmus' letter or —
made a copy of it, which found its way to Vidoue.
Scaliger says that Erasmus had left his first Oratio imanswered, out of fear
of its author that the letter to MerbeUus and Laurentia was written when
;
Erasmus had received a false rumour of Scaliger's death, and was reUeved of
his fears, Scaligeri Ep. pp. 34-5. Nothing in Erasmus' correspondence supports
these statements. The younger ScaUger states that the second Oratio was
provoked by the letter to MerbeUus and another letter, not further specified
but from what he says it would appear that in the other letter Erasmus had
3004. 62-3. balbutien<tis> . candor<em> suppleuimv^.
. .
108 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
are all in cormexion with this letter. Scahger agrees with the Breslau MS.
(Ep. 3091) in giving his name as Laurentia (^ ii. 4, 7, 22, 25, 46, Epist. p. 34),
though once he has Laurentium (Epist. 43). In the heading to the present
letter LB.'s Laurentio is presimiably a conjecture of Leclerc.]
magis cauendi, quam mouendi.t Eum nondum vidi et, si videro, non
Epp. 928. 3611, 2628 introd.). Tonlouse, generous tribute, in prose and verse,
the headquarters of the French Inquisi- to one of whom he none the less re-
tion, was of all places the least suited cords, truly, that he was not gentle
to his free-thinking disposition and ; to his enemies. The Commentarii was
his speeches and verses soon brought presented to Francis i in retvirn ;
him into trouble with the authorities. Dolet received, 6 March 1538, a royal
In 1534 he was arrested for contempt privilege for ten years to print books
of the Parhament and though re-; written or translated or edited by
leased after three days' imprisonment, himself. The last of his books to bear
he foxind himself compelled to leave Gryphius' imprmt is the De re Nauali
Toulouse. It was his intention to (1537). The first books in which he
return to Italy. But he betook him- figures as both author and printer
self in the first instance to Lyons were the Cato Christianus and the
and at Lyons he in fact remamed Carminum Libri quatuor. Both of
(save for a few brief absences) till his these (1538) he was obliged to with-
death. At Lj^ons he persuaded draw immediately. In this year he
Gryphius to print (1534) the first of married Louise Giraud and in the ;
his books: Stephani Doleti Orationes jear following he celebrated the birth
Duae in Tholosam. Eiusdem Episto- of a son by publishing a Oenethliacon,
larum libri ii. Eiusdem Carminum of which he issued at the same time
libri ii. Ad eundem Epistolarum ami- a version in French, L'Avant A^ais-
corum liber. The various items of this sance de Claiide Dolet. To 1539 be-
book were the fruits of his sojourn in longs also another work, issued in
Toulouse. Of the two Orationes, the both Latin and French, Francisci
second had given great offence. The Valesii Gallorxim Regis Fata, covering
same was true of some of the Car- the history of France from 1513-39.
mina and the Epistles also abounded
; In the same year he printed his
in indiscretions. Grj^hius did not Formulae Latinarum locutionuin illus-
dare put his name to the book, but triorum, the first part of a work
it certainly issued from his press. In abridging his Commentarii two other —
the year following the same printer parts were projected, but never writ-
printed for him a less dangerous work, ten. Already in 1538 he may be
the Dialogu^, De Imitatione Cicero- presumed to have forgiven Erasmus
niana aduersus Desiderium Erasmum his sins. For in that year he had
Roterodamum, pro Christophoro Lon- printed the Catonis Disticha 'cum
golio. If this book was harmless in scholiis Erasmi'. In 1540 he re-
the eyes of authority, it succeeded, printed Erasmus' De Copia; and in
by a queer paradox, in offending both 1542 French versions of the Enchiri-
Erasmus and ScaKger. In 1536 Dolet dion and the Exomologesis. The art
pubUshed (again with Grj^hius) the of translation from the ancient
first volume of his Commentarii Lin- tongues to the vernacular had parti-
guae Latinae. But the j^ear ended in cular interest for him. In 1540 he
misfortune. On the last day of it he printed his La Maniere de bien tra-
was involved in a broil in the streets duire, three treatises designed as part
of Lyons, in the course of which he of a greater work, never executed,
killed one of his assailants. Even UOrateur FranQoys. The Orateur
after he had obtained a pardon from FranQoys has the distinction to be
the King, he was kept in prison diu-ing mentioned with compliment in du
March and April 1537. Early in 1538 BeIIay's Defense et Illustration de la
Gryphius printed for hiin the second Langue FranQaise. The year in which
volume of the Commentarii a pro- — he printed the translations of Eras-
jected third volume was never com- mus, 1542, was an imlucky and indeed
pleted. The book —
Dolefs most con- fatal one. To it belong an edition of
siderable contribution to scholarship the works of his friend Marot, a re-
— contains criticisms of Erasmus even print of Rabelais (which lost him
more savage than those of the De Rabelais' friendship), a French trans-
Imitatione (see i. 1082-7, 1234-7). lation of the New Testament, and
While Dolet was engaged upon it, the other books 'dampnes et reprouves'.
news reached Lyons of the death of In Aug. 1542 he was arrested for dis-
Erasmus. Dolet stayed his pen, at seminating heretical books those of —
col. 151, s.v. pacisci, to render a Erasmus are particularly mentioned.
' .
tergo,
A monsieur ScaUger demeurant a Agen.
3006. 5. Dionysii] Erasm\is in his N.T. 1519, p. 225, LB. ix. 917; Ep,
N.T. i5i6(Actsi7,p. 394)hadfollowed 118. 22n.
Valla in questioning the authenticity lo. quid] Verg. Aen. 3. 57.
of the Dionysian writings (see Ep. 3007. i. proximis] No letter from
1620. 67—70). These writings had RupiUus is extant except the present
been accepted as genuine by Colet, letter. From Ep. 2929. 30 it would
on whose theology they had exercised seem that Rupilius intended to write
a profovind infiuence. Grocyn had to ErasmusinApril 1534; hecertainly
accepted them at first; but while in wrote to him sometime before loDec.
the midst of a course of lectures on 1534 (Ep. 2983. 91). The letter of Ep.
the Hierarchia Coelestis had become 2983 is possibly that here mentioned.
convinced of their spuriousness. See
112 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
5 fortunae atque dignitati tuae magna fieret accessio, atque id ita euenire
magnopere certe optarim. Scribendum autem tum mihi fuit valde
celeriter, vrgente veredario, qui impatienter expectans abituriebat,
atque inde forte factum est <vt> meae visae fuerint frigidiores
literae. Vt meum erga te obseruantissimum animum mutem, nullius
10 viperae adflatus efficere potest. Quam de te honestissimam atque
reuerentissimam opinionem teneo, non mutabili aliquo adfectu, sed
ex meritis absolutissimi tui ingenii incorruptissimaeque tuae vitae
atque iudicio c[o]epi, mordicusque quoad viuam retinebo,
consilio
eritque mihi semper amabilis, honorandus ac reuerendus meus
15 Erasmus, quem vt clementissimus Deus nobis quam diutissime
seruet saluum et incolumem, ego precari non desino. Doleo autem
vehementer morborum saeuitiam tibi molestiorem esse solere, per
quam (vt ex praepositi Choleri, viri praestantissimi, hteris cognoui)
factum est quominus nunc Ratione Concionandi, quam ahoqui
20 pubhcaturus fueras, fruamur. Vt morbi ilh iubente Deo tecum
perpetuas inducias instituant, magnopere opto.
Berus theologus ante paucos dies Romam venit cui quid me facere ;
penberg, Merinus and Pucci see Ep. ; Rupilius' enthusiasm for Erasmus,
3011). The Pope's own promises, as see Ep. 2716. 214-15.
expressed in Ep. 3021, are sufiSciently 17. morborum saeuitiam] See Ep.
vague. In Ep. 3033 they materiaHze 2987 cf. Epp. 2953, 3000. There is
;
sunt plane, vt scribis, sunt magni hic Molossi qui rictu et hiatu im-
menso inuadunt et deuorant quancunque obuiam praedam, nobisque
imbecillibus catellis nihil sinunt rehqui. Habet praeterea illa venatio
suas artes ahasque virtutes quam quarum ego hactenus studiosus 35
fui, quibus nisi quis vtatur, haud facile fauentem Deham experitur.
Quominus ilhs vtar, multa obstant. C[o]epi tamen interim, dum Ro-
mae duos canonicatus, vnum cathedrahs ecclesiae Ratisponensis,
fui,
alterum cathedrahs ecclesiae Brixinensis, atque hos quidem magis
hberahtate clarissimi ac magnifici viri, domini loannis Paungartneri 40
nostri, qui opes suas in bonorum virorum vsum paratas habet, quam
gratia pontificis. Agnoscit hic pastor balatum ouium suarum, scihcet
famiharium descriptorum, cognatorum, nepotum, ofl&ciahum, inter
quos quum ego non numerer, vocem meam non agnoscit. Nihil
tamen adhuc ab eo pecu, ideo de surdi[bu]s ihius ad vocem meam 45
auribus vere conqueri non possum. Quid tamen mihi hinc sperare
hceat, mores Curiahum me satis admonent. Cupiditate inexplebih
non sum. Ego nunc facile contentus ad sacerdotia obtenta me
reciperem, nisi coUegiorum Lllorum statuta a percipiendis inde fructi-
bus me suspenderent. Statutum itaque mihi tempus expectandum 50
erit. Tum ad studiorum quietem rehctis Romanae curiae negotus
omnem vitae meae rationem reuocabo, quam vt Opt. Max. Deus
quandoque mihi fehcitet, praecor.
Est quidam Romae, vt mihi videtur, satis annosus sacrificulus qui
37. C§pi MS. : correxit LB. 45. surdibus MS. : correxit LB.
Ushed Ln that year at Rome. In 1512 the death of Card. Campegio the ;
ptiones, Basle, Petrus Perna, 1577, Cursium hominem esse pium, sed
p. 81); and in his Elogia Virorum in studio et vsu nitide loquendi Christimi
literis lUustrium (Basle, 1577, pp. 153, lIU non venisse in mentem' (Ep. 3032.
178) included elogia by Cursius on Jo. 301-3). In Ep. 3127 he describes
Manardus and RutiUus Coloniensis. him, more contemptuously, to Mel-
Writing of him in his early period, anchthon as 'de nvunero vicarionmi
LiHus Gyraldus offers the following sacrificulorvun '. Gumppenberg depicts
criticism of his poetry ' Petrus Cur-
: Cxirsius as the tool of clever men who
tius, et ipse ex Marsis, vrbe Romana think him a fool (Ep. 3047). But his
donatus, quaedam in dies audacter name mostly appears in connexions
magis quam parate moUtur; vix which suggest that he enjoyed genuine
sperandimi est eum aetate et bonorum repute in Vatican circles and in the
amicorum consuetudine matmritatem Roman academy. With Blosius, Ro-
consecuturum (De Poetis p. 43, 17-
' mulus Amaseus, Cardinal Rodolfi and
21, ed. Wotke, 1924). others, he figures in a catalogue of
In the spring of 1535 Ant. Bladus ItaUans distinguished in Uterature in
printed for Cursius at Rome Petri Sabinus' In M. A. Plauti aliorumque
Cursii Defensio pro Italia ad Eras- . . calumniatores Apologia (Basle,
.
mum Eoterodamum, the book of which 1540), p. 118. In the Defensio he him-
RupiUus speaks in the present letter self catalogues (fo. H^) 'innumera-
the Preface is dated 24 Nov. 1534. bUes ItaU disertissimi (among them
'
RupiUus' statement that the Pope Blosius, Fabius Vigil, luUus CamU-
endeavoured to prevent the pubUca- lus, Marius Volaterranus, Cardinal
tion of the book is repeated by Eras- RidoUi) whose talents may chaUenge,
mus in his Responsio (Ep. 3032. 573- he thinks, comparison with those of
4), in reUance, no doubt, on RupiUus. Erasmus, and many of whom are
But despite the Papal ban (if there Ukely to be offended by Erasmus'
was one) the book, dedicated, in fact, contempt for Italy and the ItaUans.
to the Pope, was in Erasmus' hands He seems to have enjoyed the special
in, or before, the first week of May patronage of Cardinal Ridolfi (De-
(Epp. 3015-16). Bladus, who printed fensio fo. B^).
it (very iU), was at a later date 56-7. adagio Miconius Caluvs']
Printer to the ApostoUc Camera (im- Adag. 1007.
pressor cameralis) he had printed for
; 58. quinque] The extant text runs
both Stimica and Sepulveda. Of to 10 quires.
3007] FROM FRANCIS RUPILIUS 115
munere dignum Christus opt. max. esse voluit! Multi quidem sunt
inuenti, nec indocti homines, qui totam vitam in hteris egerunt.
Eos conferat aUquis tecum, desidiosissimi atque ineptissimi sane 35
reperientur. Adde multos miro silentio, quo nihil potest esse magis
contra officium, aetatem longo otio consumpsisse. Tu vero plura mihi
videris scripsisse quam aUi pene legerint. Pro Deum immortalem,
quot et quanta volumina vbique gentium aut tuo Marte aedita aut
tua correctione adhibita aut ex graeco mira dexteritate ac fide in 40
latinum versa in tuo nomine apparent Totam fere ItaUam peregri-
!
vt scripta etiam Erasmi possim percurrere ? Fac ita esse, cur ergo
'
138. vt aiiint] See Adag. 834. this charge in the Responsio to Cursius
147. seruum . . nati] Hor. Ep. i.
. (Ep. 3032. 513-28), cf. Ep. 158. 6n.
19. 19; 2. 27. 164. Vatiniano] Cf. Catull. 14. 3.
152. Rodulfo] Erasmus deals with
—
120 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
253. Phidiae Mineruam] See Adag. expedition, see Epp. 3007, 92, 3009.
4143. 45n.
268. in Tm^cas] Evidently the Timis
122 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
tibi oflficio mihi possit esse charius vel iucundius. Nec aliud quid
vsquam sensi a Ludouico Castrico vel illius iam socio Aluaro Asto-
dillo. Quorum opera semper vtor in AngHa dum quid occurrit, nec
opus est te ob id quid oneris imponere Fuggeris, dum proprium
negociatorem non habeant in Anglia, sed similium amicorum vt ego 35
vtuntur opera. Habes iam ibi Eustachium Capuisium tibi deuotum.
Ys a te instructus directurus est negocia tua et extorturus plus vnico
verbo quam decem famuH quos emittere queas. Quod acceperit,
tradat Aluaro Astodillo Hispano, mihi transmutandum, quia fide
qua huc vsque in tuis et meis negociis vsus est non deficiet. 40
Epistolae ad Goclenium et Martinum Dauidis, quarum mentionem
facis his scripsisse super re necessaria vt curem bene tradi, non
venerunt ad me nec inerant sarcinulae ad me directae. Scribam
Goclenio vt resciam si forte per ahas manus acceperit.
Hic nihil est rei nouae, preter quae de classe Caesarea potentissima 45
dicuntur et scribuntur, et de ingenti auri copia, quae ex nouis
inuentis per Caesareos nauigatores terris dietim appHcat Hispali;
praeter id quod ab anno et medio venit, applicuere mense Februario
iam peracto naues quatuor cum vicies centenis milibus ponderibus
auri (pondus aequiualet ducato cum quarta parte ducati). Scribunt 50
aHas quatuor naues dietim expectari non minori onere. Sunt hae res
sane supra modum admirandae, Caesareisque inimicis stupendae.
Faxit Deus hoc aurum et potentia Caesaris inter Christianos pacem
potius quam beHum foueat.
Vale, my Domine Erasme charissime, ab vxore et fiHo resalutatus. 55
Ex Andouerpia xii ApriHs, Anno mdxxxv.
Ex animo tuus Erasmus Schetus.
tion ia given in Ep. 2961 (Aug. 1534) when Erasmus tells J. L. Decius that
no acknowledgement for the dedication of the Terence has yet come.]
S. Nisi me humanitatis tuae candor fallit, nihil vereor, Erasme,
vir vndecunque doctissime, quin diuturnum hoc silencium meum
dignum putes venia, neque ahorsum id sis accepturus atque eo quod
interea, qui isthuc proficiscerentur, tabeUionum aut nuUa aut certe
5 rara dabatur copiaproinde caue, id neghgencia aut obHuione tui
;
3011] 125
ipse potest egredi arcem nisi a pontifice obtenta licentia, que raro
obtineri potest.
Campegius est hic Rome, a quo et aliis literas habebit exceUentia 30
tua in meo reditu.
De Cesaris aduentu et concilio celebrando certum nihil habeo.
Tuam excellentiam plurimum salutant dominus Ambrosius a Gum-
penberg et V. I. doctor Franciscus Rupilius qui me tui amoris causa
16. Antonii] Pucci: See Ep. 860 carried also Epp. 3026-7. From Ep.
introd. cf. Ep. 3047.
; 3^43 we know that he was in Freiburg
18. Maias] Ber reached Rome before 18 Aug.
shortlybefore 29 March(Ep. 3007.22). 25. Rauennatensem] Accolti. See
Writing on 21 May, Erasmus was Ep. 1588. 6on; cf. Ep. 3039. He had
expecting him back in Freiburg 'hoc been arrested on 5 April. The Em-
mense' (Ep. 3019. 56-7). ButBercan peror intervened on his behalf; and
hardly have left Rome before i June in October he was deprived of the
since he clearly carried Epp. 3021, governorship of Ancona, and con-
3023-4 and he must have been still
; demned to a heavy fine. See Pastor
in Italy at the end of Jvme, for he xi. 310-12.
'
28. Roscium] See Cic. de Orat. i. 60. a Lasco] Hieroslaus Laski; see
60. 254. Ep. 1242. 2511.
3014] FROM PETER TOMICZKI 129
(in large capitals) 'Ivdicivm D. Eras. Rot. de apologia Petri Cursii', furnishing
the title to thirty-five lines of text dealing with Cursius' pamphlet. The text
begins: 'E Petri Cursii hbro pauca loca degustaui verius quam legi. Video
Romae esse quosdam male feriatos quibus non satis est hcen-/ and ends 'etiam
'
in die S. Petri et Paulli anno i535\ The sheet is folded and on the verso is
written: 'Pro nobi: d: Wil: de Thurigenj\ Owing to the conditions created by
the war, we have not been able to see this broadsheet. The information given is
taken from a note made by P. S. Allen in 1909. But see Addenda, vol. xi, p. xxii.
The 'ludicium' printed on this broadsheet is, no doubt, one and the same
as the 'scheda' mentioned in the extract. In Ep. 3032 Erasmus gives a brief
account of the origin of the scheda
'
he tells us that his first intention had
' ;
3014. 72. Moschis] Cf. Epp. 3020, we leam that Tomiczki sent Erasmus
3049. 30 ducats.
76-7. munusculo] From Ep. 3095
452.11 T7-
130 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
actually distributed in Rome. The date of printing (29 June 1535) given by
the MS. note is so specific that it may be accepted. Erasmus' letter to Giunp-
penberg must, accordingly, have reached Rome not later than the last fortnight
in June, and a comparison with Ep. 3016 seems to suggest that the two letters
—
were written about the same time with Ep. 3016 he enclosed for Pflug'8
information a 'fragmentum', which would appear to be a copy of the 'scheda'.]
non constat suspitio tamen est petendae pacis. Adsunt etiam hic 15
;
3016. 21. male feriatos] For the publieation see Ep. 3036 introd.
phrase see Addenda, vol x, p. xxiii. 35. luuenis] Not otherwise known
For its use by Erasmus in connexion to us.
with the forged Cm^sius-letter see 3017.i. longo temporis spatio] The
Epp. 3015 introd., 3127. last extant letter from Faber is Ep.
25. Ecclesiasten] For the date of 2503, dated 21 Jime 1531.
132 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
3017. 18. classe] See Ep. 3009. 45n. to carry letters for him to Portugal.
3018. I. theologo] Presumably Ber. On any journey to Portugal the route
Forinquiriesby Goes seeEp.2963. 17. might very well lie through the Low
3019. 5. Remo] See Ep. 2987. in. Countries. The letter to Utenhove is
7. famulo] Possibly the Matthaeus
' ' not extant, nor can we identify that
of Ep. 2963 whom Erasmus employed to Schets.
. — !
3019. 61-3. De Plinio . . . promeretur hoc loco O^: post 1535 O^.
paucis, quod vir bonus sit qui patrimonio magis vixerit quam ex
sacerdotiis, et ideo non abuciendam de eo spem, si animum non
supprimant anni de Caesare magna et digna se moHente de perse- 15
; ;
eharitas tua, quae ov XoyL^erai, Kal Trdvra areyet Kal arepyet. Bene
vale.
Salutant te et se tibi commendant Odonus et Philaenus.
Argentorati 24. Maii anno 35.
60 Excellentiae tuae deditiss. Caspar Hedio, concionator Argent<ora-
tensis).
In Tiu"chia fertur tanta esse frumenti indigentia, vt quantum
equus gestare potest, vendatur ducatis 18.
Omatissimo vko, d. Erasmo Roterodamo, maiori charissimo.
65 Friburgi.
3020. 31. Vergilianum] See .4en. 1. 39. inter arma] Cicero, Pro Mil.
151-2. 4. II.
3021] FROM PAUL III 137
Two ms. copies exist in the Vatican, Vat. Arch. Arm. 32. i,
in his lifetime.
f.281 and Barb. Lat. 1499, f. 330 vO; they are written by the same or a similar
hand, and endorsed 'ex earumdem minuta reposita inter scripturas quon<dam)>
:
signing his see, however, in 1547. genio ad cimcta vel solutae orationis
An esteemed poet, he edited, and took munera praeclare habili nihil paratius,
a principal share in, the volume Cory- amaenius vnquam fuit: vti illo
nihil
ciana (cf. Ep. 3007. 54^). See Tira- maxuno Panegirico enituit in honorem
boschi vii. iv. 1984. Three poems by Leonis Decimi habito, quvun S.P.Q.R.
him (one in praise of cardinal Pole) optimo Pontiiici marmoream famam
are printed in Carm. Illustr. Poet. in Capitoho posuisset (Dialogus De
Ital. Paris, 1577, ii. 177-8. Verses Viris Literis Illustribus, Tiraboschi vii.
addressed to him by Valerianus are to 2454). Two letters addressed by Sado-
be foimd in Delit. CC. Ital. Poet. 1608, leto to Blosius are printed in Sad. E.
ii. 1345-6. A letter of Morison to ii, Nos. 106 and 134.
Starkey (Brewer viii. 320) encloses a Against the date 12 Aug. 1550,
copy of verses by Blosius 'much better Massarelli's Diary (Merkle, Diaria
than true', beginning 'Suas coliminas Concilii Tridentini ii. 185) has the
non ti'anscendit Hercules', written, foUowing entry Hac die hora circiter
:
'
37. literarum] Viglius had in fact 39 quod dicitur] See Adag. 486-7.
written to him on 27 Feb. VZE. 62.
140 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
3024] 141
was the patron of Peter the Ethiop (Tasfa Sion Malbazo, ^155°); and from
Peter both Gualterius and Marianus Victorius learned Ethiopian. Both of
them assisted Peter in his Ethiopic New Testament: Testamentum nouum cum
Epistola Pauli ad Hebreos tantum, cum concordantiis Euangelistarum Eusebii
ds numeratione omniuyn verborum eorundem. Missale cum benedictione incensi
cerae etc. Alphabetum in lingua ^XH gheez, idest libera, quia a nulla alia
:
originem ducit et vulgo dicitur Chaldea. Quae omnia Frater Petru^ Ethyops
auxilio piorum sedente Paulo iii Pont. Max. et Claudio illius regni Imperatore
imprimi curauit (Rome, 1548, per Valeriimi Doricmn et Ludouicum Fratres
Brixianos). At Rome in 1549 Peter gave to the press Missa qua Ethiopes
communiter vtuntur, quae etiam canon vniuersalis appellatur, nunc primum . . .
teritis, rehquum sibi seruet cum pace mea et bona conscientia. Sed
ille non accipiet, totus Mammonae deditus.
Huc an corpusculum hoc ferret vecta-
veni, partim vt experirer
tionem, sed video nullam esse spem, aHoqui vel Besontium me
20 contuHssem vel ad vos. Circa Idus luHi Friburgum reportabor. Sic
enim cogit necessitas. Vale. 18. die lurdi. 1535. Basileae.
Erasmus Rot. mea manu.
HonorabiH viro D. Erasmo Scheto. Antwerpiae.
3025. 3.Marruffus] See Ep. 387. 2n. of May. Ep. 3019, written to Goes on
Odonus i. 312) refers, on 27
(Cog. E. 21 May, has no hint of his projected
J\ily, to a letter of Erasmus to Hedio journey. But on 27 May Amerbach
(not extant) in which Erasmus had records that he purchased on behalf
spoken of 'a certain Genoese' who had of the University of Basle, a gift of
insisted on taking Suwsjy with him wine and swe'etmeats for Erasmus,
from Freiburg the original of Odonus' 'cimi aduenisset' (Basle MS. C. VI^.
letter of <March> 1535 (Ep. 3002). go. \; citedhy V.^Roth, Gedenkschrift
The culprit was perhaps Maruffus; z. 400. Todestage des Erasmus p. 279,
for it is unlikely that Erasmus enter- n. 40). The presentation of the wine
tained two Genoese visitors in May- was the occasion of a pleasant drink-
June. ing party; a httle marred, when it
5. Roffensis] Fisher was tried the began, by Oporinus, who had the mis-
day before this letter was written on
; fortime to give Erasmus so hearty a
22 Jime he was executed. More had handshake as to make him cry out in
been in prison since the simamer of pain {Oratio de Ortu Vita et Obitu
1534. loannis Oporini, Strasbourg, T. Rihe-
10. Monioius] fS Nov. 1534. —
Hus, 1569, p. Biiij this book is pre-
14. Epistolam] Not extant; for sumablj' the soiirce used by Streuber,
Erasmus' proposals for a settlement Beitrdge zur vaterldndischen Oeschichte
with Barbirius see Ep. 2997. 76^. iii. 73, 1846, who (foUowed by Burck-
18. Huc veni] This is the first of hardt-Biedermann, ib. NF. iv, 1896)
Erasmus' letters of which the dating gives, without citing any authority,
indicates his removal to Basle. He 26 May as the date of the drinking
must have gone there in the last days ceremony.
^^^^ Corponsefflgiemfiquniionuidit Er tfii', ^^r^^^^^
\ J^\-^
lriancfcite.aiuiuumpiClitabdltd.tbu.
tissimis tui, tum fortunae: quae se hilaris, vt tibi praesto sit, parat.
Vale. duodecimo Calend. Quintiles m.d.xxxv, Patauio.
3026. 15. atque MLB: at N'^: ac N^. 23. Anno a NataH post Quin-
tiles iV.
3027. 17. a Lazian] Of Lazne Bec- time employed him as financial agent.
hyne, a waterrng-place in Bohemia. 14. Lusitani] Erasmus perhaps in-
3028. I. Scripsi] Ep. 3025; for tendedtowrite'Angh'(or,cryptically,
Irenicus as carrier see Ep. 3022. 54 n. 'Insulani' ?). The books dedicated to
5. subornauit] For Erasmus' suspi- the 'socer regis' would then be the
cions of Livinus, in connexion with Explanatio Symboli, 1533, and the De
Clauthus, and for Grapheus' exculpa- Praeparatione ad mortem, 1534, dedi-
tion of him, see Epp. 2981, 2992, 2997, catedto Thomas Boleyn. Schets, when
3053. The money promised and paid he answered (Ep. 3042. 29) this letter,
(Ep. 3042) seems to have been a mere could make no sense of the paragraph.
goodwill gift. The father-in-law of the King of
8-10. Pensio . .Utigem] See Epp.
. Portugal was Philip the Fair. To the
2996—7; 3052. i6n, 3058. King of Portugal himself, John in,
13. Aldrisius] See Ep. 1656 introd. Erasmushaddedicatedthe 15270/1^1/-
Though he was an intimate friend, it sostomi lucubrationes.
does not appear that Erasmus at any 17. Deportatus] See Ep. 3025. i8n.
;
modo edita fuit, non tam vt ostentarem infantiam meam quam quod
idipsum tempus postulare videbatur. Prouexit enim me Budaeus 20
ad regiam professionem, vir non Hteris tantum, vt tu nosti, sed etiam
humanitate colendus: mouebanturque inuidia, vt fieri solet, non-
nuUi, qui non putabant aequum esse in GaUia vt Germano homini
tantum honoris deferretur. Itaque ego vt purgarem ambitionem
meam, et simul vt clarissimo viro gratias apud omnes agerem passus 25
sum vulgari orationem quam habui in auspicanda praelectione pubHca
eademque re factum est vt ad te quoque peruenerit. Vtinam satis-
3028. 25. est scripsimus : es MS. 3029. 5. vt ante opinor add. N.
60. N : sensura M.
32. &gali] See Adag. 125. 53. pyramides] Cf. Hor. C. 3. 30. 1-2.
;
daturus es, quod satis scio, sed perfectum iam et, qualis ille apud
Homerum fertur eadXog «rai ^ovXr](f)6pos 778' dyopriTT]?, annosum et
consultissimum concionatorem. De nostris concionatoribus, vel po- 80
tius de tota turbulenta concione, nihil opinor opus esse ad te scribere,
cum non solum omnia ex aliorum literis, qui ad te scribere solent,
sed etiam ex fama ipsa cognoueris.
Fuimus praeterita hyeme in magno periculo et inuidia Germani
omnes in hac vrbe, propter quorundam temeritatem, qui libellos 85
seditiosos non solum tota vrbe Parisiorum, sed etiam in aula Regis
fixerant. Dederunt tamen illi poenas, atque vtinam omnes dedis-
sent. Sed interim et ahi complures eadem tempestate abrepti sunt.
Magnus terror erat, et formidolosa rerum facies apud omnes, vincula,
carceres, tormenta, flammae. Vidisses homines in altum suspensos 90
subiectis ignibus viuos cremari, audisses voces insultantis vulgi, et
increpantis damnatos inter ipsa suppHcia cum magna atrocitate.
Ita supra quatuor et viginti homines absumpti sunt, Galhci nominis
omnes, nec quisquam Germanus de capite pericHtatus est. Beda tuus
fecit emendam, vt vocant, honorabilem, cum hac confessione, quod 95
contra veritatem et Regem locutus esset. Quae verba ante aedem
diuae virginis magno populi concursu praeeunte praecone palam
pronunciauit ne forte Lutheranum illum fuisse putes. Sed tamen
:
poterit corrigi. Tu vero pro tua apud principem tum gratia, tum
authoritate, facile impetrabis vt sinant posteriorem historiam exire 15
in manus hominum. Curabitur autem ab Heruagio, viro neutiquam
ingrato, vt ex hac re nonnihil honesti nominis tibi paretur apud
omnes, qui rerum gestarum exacta cognitione delectantur: meque
simul cum Heruagio tibi hoc beneficio deuinxeris. Cupio enim esse
in eorum numero quos tua Sublimitas suo dignatur fauore. Bene 20
Vale.
Datum Basileae, vbi nunc ago nouus hospes, vt adsim excudendo
Concionatori meo: vltimo die lunii 1535.
Erasmus Roterodamus mea manu.
the present letter (11. 55 and 173) in 1. 56 it is said to take in the first nine
;
dence there) ; but his opinion of There are biographies by Th. Wiede-
Erasmus is given in ch. 8 of the fomrth mann (Freysing, 1857), W. Dittmar
book of the ^nnaZes 'Erasmus Rote-
: (Nordlingen, 1862). See ADB. i. 700
rodamus (quo nemo multis iam aeta- ff.
tibus vtilior Christiano contigit orbi)', 10. cupit] The subject of the verb
and again in bk. vii, ch. 24: 'qui is (as appears from suis).
Heruagius
nostro saeculo sacrarum literarimi in hac] In the projected
12-13.
maiestatem asserit et eloquentissimus Herwagen edition.
omnium censetur'. In the unfinished 3030. 15. historiam] We must sup-
Oermania Illustrata also, and in its poae him to mean the latter portion
Indiculus (see Ep. 3035. 5n), Erasmus of the Annales. The last book (Book
is more than once mentioned. vii) brought Aventinus to the year
A complete edition of the works of 1460 and the accession of Albert iv;
Aventinus, Johannes Turmair^s ge- he entered so an epoch where it was
nannt Aventinus Sdmmtliche Werke, easy for him to give offence.
was published at Munich, 1 880-1908.
150 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
epistolary form given to it, this document is not, in any proper sense,
a The latter part of it is largely an expansion of the present
letter.
letter. The first part may be presumed to embody the substance of the
earUer letter, no longer extant, in which Heresbach had related the first
nine months of the siege of Miinster. The accomit, however, which it gives
of the leges regiae of Jolxn of Leiden reprodnces, we must suppose, the lost
enclosure of the present letter (see 1. 2o8n). There is no reason to suppose
that this document, conflated from two letters sent to Erasmus, was ever seen
by hun. We have printed it here (without annotation) as an appendix to the
present letter using the text of Bouterwek, which is derived from comparison
;
8. ahquot M(S. 21. ipevSeKKXeaLaaTujv MS.,cf. Ep. 3031'^. ;;ii. 23. ille
MS. corr. Bouterwek.
5. hterae]Not extant. The present 10. Nouesii] See Ep. 3041. ii8n.
letter and Ep. 1316 are all that sur- Amicorum] See Ep. 3041. 161-
15.
vive of the frequent correspondence 70 which indicates that Erasmiis had
;
79. Saguntinam famen] See Adag. in addition to himself and Eck (Come-
867. lius p. 194). Tielmann knows only of
93. Homero] Od. 12. 342; cf. Ep. Eck, whom he does not, however,
2473. 17-19. name (Ep. 3041. 3in). Kerssenbroch
iio. octaua] 23 May. The date is (Detmer p. 826) makes the number
confirmed by the accounts of Wirich of transfugae nine in all. Bouterwek
von Dhaun and Henry Gresbeck (see points out that parts of Heresbach's
note foUowing). Kerssenbroch gives, letter read hke a free version of
erroneously, 15 Jime (Detmer p. 826). Wirich's dispatch. Heresbach, Tiel-
duo] Hans Eck von der Langen- mann, and Vighus were, all of them,
straten and Henry Gresbeck. Their from their official positions, Hkely to
names are given in the accoimt of see authoritative dispatches from the
Wirich von Dhavm (see Bouterwek army before Miinster.
p. 39, Cornehus p. 393). Henry Gres- Henry Gresbeck is of importance
beck speaks of three other transfugae, from the circumstance that be has
3031] FROM CONRAD HERESBACH 153
tante vxore vna tum mter cadauera, tum in latebris omnibus quesitus
nusquam apparuit. Regius vicarius Knj^perdoUing viuus etiam
captus, vir corpore procero nec minus eleganti, sermone plurimum
gratiae prae se ferens. Hi imperu ilhus fuere triumuiri ac totius
180 tragoedie coryphaei, tametsi regem ferunt sub vrbis excidium de
regia dignitate in ahrmi, qui et ipse captus occisusque est, trans-
ferenda egisse. Ahi plerique multi capti et quaestionibus examinati,
post supphcio aflfecti.
Solus rex atque eius locum tenens cum paucis ahis viui adhuc
runt. Non deerant qui ybovax<x)v koL tojv Upeojv deuotioribus adscribe-
rent, metuentibus ne ecclesiasticae politiae constituendae apud 20
principem admonitores essemus.
Deinde sub nundinas autumnales mihi paululum restitutus omnino
rumpere silentium statueram; sed abreptus in comitatu quodam
principis id propositi rursum coactus sum suspendere. Interim tuae
literae meas praeuertentes quod sponte facturus eram violenter 25
extorquent; et quia rerum hic status exigebat vt scriberem pro-
lixiuscule, si succedat, tarditatem illam ac scribendi raritatem (vt
tu vocas) verbositate compensabo.
Principio igitur quod de valetudine mea sollicitus sis, veterem
tuum agnoscens candorem, habeo gratias. Deinde quod scribis te 30
cum chiragra podagraque atque adeo hologra luctari, vehementer
dolet illa te carnificum premi tyrannide ac non potius aniraum tuum
tranquihssimo domiciho in communia commoda hterarum proue-
hendarum conquiescere. Relegandi erant hi tyranni ad ovva8e\(f>ovs
TTTioxoTvpdvvovg, otiososque et obesos ventres, Egmundanos atque 35
Stunicas, apud quos hi et otii et pabuU plusculum reperissent.
Verum scit tua prudentia hanc esse naturae necessitatem vt corpus
aetate prouectiore reddatur imbecilhus, multaque senem circum-
ueniant incommoda, cum quibus magnopere pugnare nihil ahud
fuerit quam 6eop,ax€lv. Tametsi non desunt qui has longaeuitatis 4°
pedissequas interpretentur. Caeterum haud scio an sit mihi senectus
prouectior optanda quae his comitibus perpetuo constipetur. Tolera-
bihora tamen incommoda, quamdiu animi vigorem non extinguimt,
quem certe neutiquam in te deficere crebra tua, eademque absolutis-
sima, veluti KVKveia aafiaTa, testantur monumenta, adeo vt hac parte 45
vel cum Nestore Platone Isocrate aut Catone contendere possis,
KaXcov yap r) oTviopa KaXrj.
Porro festiuum est hoc quod Trepl Trjg eTrtaT/aareta? Monasterien-
sium ludis, etiamsi res nobis hic geratur minime ludicra, vt quae
TToXXds l<f>6iixovs ijjvxds "Achl npota^ev. Atqui ego e^a» ^eAcDv spectator 5°
esse malui quam fabulae tam tristi atque cruentae adhiberi actor.
Opinor te iam pridem tragoediae huius protasin audisse, nempe
in superiori Germania coeptam per choragos quosdam pseudopro-
phetas, homines indoctos e rudi plebe, scihcet ex sutoribus et vestia-
riis, vana consptratione auctos, qui hteras ne gustarimt quidem, cum 55
tamen has spiritus sanctus per scripturam testetur esse certissima
media ad recte scrutandam uiteUigendamque doctri-
et instrumenta
nam; qui, cum omnibus rehquos actus absoluere non
ilhc tentatis
daretur, ad nos secundo quidem Rheno defluxere, praesertim occu-
pato semel Monasterio, vrbe cum amphssima, vtpote quinque coUe- 60
giorum ac totidem parochiarum capaci, tum ad hoc negotium
gerendum idoneo receptaculo. Atqui quemadmodum etiam in coro-
nide epistolae tuae flagitare videris vt regni huius auspicia progres-
sum atque administrationem describam, ne dK4(f>aXov fabulam narrem,
eandem tibi paulo altius repetam. 65
Primum in hac vrbe euangehi sincerioris, vt ferebatur, praedica-
tionem, inuito eius loci principe, episcopo Francisco Waldeccio,
19. deuotioribus iSirocA;: deuotionibus Tesc/iewmoc/ier. 67. Francisco
Waldeccio om. Strack.
158 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
vrbe excederent. Inter quos et Buschius fuit, qui iam inde ab initio
anabaptisticae doctrinae audacissime restitit. Id quod Coruinus 135
etiam, a principe Hessorum missus, tentauit. Sed vterque, cum
argumentis nequidquam se agere sentirent, furibundae turbae ces-
serunt. Buschius paulo post in vicina vrbe Dulmensi fatis concessit,
vir certe mehorum hterarum et sincerioris doctrinae acerrimus
idemque hberrimus vindex, 140
Sed quid multa ? Quotquot ab anabaptismo stare recusarent
statim vrbe exiguntur, nec tamen quicquam exportare permittuntur.
Maior ciuium pars proscripta vrbem ac penates proselytis nouisque
colonis ac indigenis retinctis rehnquere coacta est. Ihi vero in nouas
possessiones missi donum scihcet accipiunt spiritus sancti, nempe 145
proscriptorum ciuium bona. Atque haec sub initium quadragesimae
anni tricesimi quarti supra sesquimUlesimum gesta sunt.
Porro vbi facultatibus simul cum vrbe instructissima potiuntur
retincti, omnia in vnum conferunt et per iiu. vrbis regiones culinas
pubhce instituunt, veluti avaa ina et coenobia, Patrisque tutelam 150
iactantes hostes prouocant. Turres fanorum subhmes atque sum-
ptuosas deuciunt, templa, ceu idololatriae receptacula, demohta in
profanos conuertunt vsus; nam monasteria et coUegia iampridem
depopulata, profugatis rehgiosis vniuersis. Barbaricum autem est
hoc quod, praeter pubhca documenta instrumentaque hterarum 155
quae exusserant, bibhothecam ibidem apud fratres, vt vocant, ex
omni hnguarum hterarumque genere instructissimam sacrilegi con-
cremauerunt, tot egregia monumenta igne perdentes. Quibus faci-
noribus designatis nouus in hac noua Hierosolymorum repubhca
creatur magistratus, noua plebiscita, noua rehgio, noua matrimonia, 160
noua prorsus reipubhcae facies, ac denique TrdvTa Katvd.
Fabulae praecipui daduchi fuerunt Bernardus Rotman, homo et
hngua promtus et eruditione hnguarumque cognitione mediocriter
instructus. Is ecclesiasten egit. Cui subseruiebat, velut Aeneae
Achates, Knipperdohngius ciuis. Is, vltro ob contentiones cum epi- 165
scopo in factionem iUam se transferens, ad consulatum peruenit;
homo, vt forte magnus dignitate, ita neque infacundus et ad quae-
uis obeunda audax. Tertius, qui etsi extraneus tamen barbarica
160 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
175 caeteros omnes superauit sibique parere coegit, ascitis tamen his
authoritate proximis quos vidit proposito exequendo magis idoneos.
Nam (vt Mahomet) cum ad tyrannidem aspiraret viamque quaereret,
videns varias et dissentientes de religionis doctrina opiniones, popu-
lumque fluctuare, cogitauit is sibi ansam porrectam qua populum
180 sibi deuinciret, coepitque non solum de ciuihbus rebus leges condere,
verum etiam nouam reHgionis formam excogitare, quibus animos
vulgi alligaret, quo arctius in officio omnes contineret neque exoriri
posset dissensionis occasio. Et vt Mahomet vulgo blandiens scri-
pturam carni accommodabat, ita hi quoque, profanatis matrimoniis,
185 magistratibus ad democratiam et vulgi Hcentiam deductis, seruis in
Hbertatem vocatis, aHisque quae iamiam ordine interponam, popu-
lum consentientem reddiderunt et suis dogmatibus subegerunt.
Magistratus igitur creati Duodecimuiri, qui plausibiles populo
factionis administratores erant, sed qui prophetae ac concionatoris
190 cuiusdam astu, ceu bubuH naribus, ducebantur. Hi vero prophetae
oracula, id est anabaptismi dogmata, veluti leges xu. tabularum,
promulgabant, quanquam non scripta neque pubHcata, sed, vt <(a>
Druidibus apud GaUos oHm et Aegjrptus ac priscis theologis voce
duntaxat tradita. Post tamen idem propheta rex factus dogmata
195 atque leges regni sui per vniuersam vrbem sparsit. Inde capita
quaedam praecipua, vt e vernaculo sermone a nobis latinitati donata
sunt, subuciemus.
1. Primum autem omnium ab anabaptismi candidatis exigitur vt
statuta iUa omnia execrentur atque ea quae vulgus cultum appeUat
2CX) diuinum, ceremonias chrismata characteres, abiurent.
2. Missam vna cum Baal iUo, qui sacrifici manibus ostentatur,
abominentur.
3. Toti mundo renuncient.
4. Reditus annuos neque soluant neque exigant.
205 5. Negociationes et commercia non exerceant: ab opificus, ex-
ceptis admodum paucis, abstineant.
Facultates nemo proprias habeat, quin ad pedes mystagogi ac
6.
prophetae, veterum sciHcet Christianorum aut Platonicae reipubHcae
exemplo, conferantur.
210 7. Magistratibus ac principibus (quibus soHs reipubUcae tranqml-
Htas curae est, et a quibus suo in officio quisque continendus erit),
nulH subuciantur siquidem renatos iam non carne ampHus sed
;
sterilis, licet aUam superinducere, cui, si fecunda sit, prior ministrare 220
cogatur, atque hac praegnante rursus aliam, ad septenas vsque,
iuxta illud: crescite et multiplicamini, vel, si libet, Esaiae iiii. et :
595 etiam ibidem fere semper patere. Hoc indicio facto pons fabricatur
ad dictam fossae latitudinem, ac mox, festo loarmis Baptistae prima
noctis vigUia, ad eam fossae partem admotus ponti funis aUigatur.
Eo captiuus, qui hac parte vrbem minus munitam indicarat, cinctus
fossam natando pontemque eo quo cingebatur fune ad se
traiecit
600 protraxit ;
per quem
statim xxxv. in hoc delecti pedites transierunt
feUciter. Transmissa fossa vaUum hic imminens, quominus conscendi
posset, sepimento erat circumseptum vsque ad vaUi propugnaculum
quod rondeUum vocant. Ibi pedites UU, partim eo loco vbi sepimen-
tum cum propugnaculo committitur, clanculum irrepserunt, partim
605 minutioribus scaUs adhibitis transcenderunt. Hoc sepimento supe-
591. haec seclusimtis.
3031^] FROM CONRAD HERESBACH 169
27. male feriatos] For the phrase 47. mihi persuaseram] For the dis-
see Addenda, vol. x, p. xxiii and
; ingenuous character of Erasmus'
Ep. 3127. 45-6. defence on this point, see Ep. 3019.
33. prouerbio] Adag. 1007. 33^.
; : ;
satis est per ea perspicuum fieri quod discitur. Veluti quum Aristo- 105
teles ita proponit Omne A est B, omne B est G, ergo omne G est A.
:
interim eum absurde facturum qui quod est Italorum transferret in 135
Scythas, contra, quod Scytharum transferret in Italos. Porro quum
Sc^rtham et Italum nomino, non designo singulos, sed gentem in
genere. Nam fieri potest vt inter Italos inueniantur quibus adsit
Scythica feritas, et inter Scythas reperiantur qui Hberales caUeant
discipHnas, quahs oHm fuit Anacharsis, sed vtrumque rarum fuerit, 140
sicut apud Myconios rarum erat inueniri crispum.
Nec video quo consiUo Cursius hic admisceat Poenum fortassis vt
:
—
Italos milites, quorum in iDello tam exceUens est virtus (vtar ipsius
verbis) vt humano captu nequaquam, vix etiam ipso coelo compre-
hendi queat, imbelHae ignauiaeque damnarim, et omnium nationum
165 victores ipsis etiam Gamphasantibus, omnium nationum ignauissi-
mis, iudicarim posthabendos, quum mihi nec dux nec miles Italus
vnquam venerit in mentem ac dira minatur, nisi mox Stesichorum
:
Sed semper quasi fatis ab instituto sum repulsus. Tandem a Guil- 200
helmo Montioio discipulo pertractus in Angham, quum multae ofiFer-
rentur, nullam conditionem recipere volui priusquam viderem
Itaham, idque feci dissuadentibus amicis omnibus, iam accedens ad
annum quadragesimum. Mihique praeter eximias regionis dotes,
tantopere placuit illius gentis simplicitas, sobrietas, ciuihtas, candor 205
et humanitas, vt Romae statuerim figere sedem, in eaque velut
in communi patria consenescere idque adeo fecissem, nisi pro-
:
315 dignitate reiierendos, qiii malint esse belli duces quam id quod esse
deberent, seque decentius galea quam mitra credant ornari.
Quandoquidem hic libellus visus est dignus qui et Romae excude-
retur, et Paulo tertio P. M. dedicaretur —
quanquam id a quibusdam
studio persuasum arbitror, vt hominis simpHcitatem magis etiam
320 traducerent —sed his fundamentis fehciter iactis rem aggreditur,
ingentem fortissimorum militum ac ducum turmam mihi proferens.
Egregium vero campum nactus est in quo decurrat Cursius, si mihi
referre pergat quicquid facinorum, vel ante vel post Vrbem conditam
ad hanc vsque aetatem, gestum est ab Itahs, siue in monomachiis,
nauahbus, siue in beUis intestinis, siue
325 siue in beUis terrestribus ac
in beUis aduersus exteras nationes. At vir aequus, Curiis, Fabiis,
Scipionibus, ahisque nimium priscis non vult grauare me recentiori- :
dialogos ahquot, ex Euripide tragoedias duas, non ob aliud nisi vt, 470
quoniam deerat praeceptoris copia, ipse memet in Graeco sermone
exercerem. Siquidem in hac parte Hterarum prorsus fui auToStSa/cro?.
Praeterea nihil fere scripsi, nisi precibus amicorum adactus nam ipse :
nuHos, quibusdam etiam amicis vtor. Nec dubito quin multo plures 480
habeat Itaha quam Cursii recensio. Nec est quod mihi minitetur eos
aliquando plura aedituros quam a me sunt aedita, et fortasse digniora
(sic enim ille loquitur) siquidem ea res mihi hoc erit iucundior, quo
;
bellum videtur, quidam in Italia sunt imitati. Atqui quod isti pro
lusu habent, oHm erat crimen falsi, et famosus libellus Caesarum[que]
legibus puniebatur. Et tamen ista fiunt sub ocuHs summi Pontificis
et CardinaHum, qui si cohibeant, clamant Vrbem non esse Hberam.
590 Nec me fugit quis sit princeps istarum intemperiarum choragus.
Quod ni vererer offendere Christum, quem vnum vnice propitium
habere cupio, breui hinc migraturus, depingeretur suis coloribus.
Egregium vero strategema, et ItaHco dignum ingenio, si quis ipse
sui magnificum scribat encomium, idque alterius titulo euulget!
595 Rursus rabiosos scribere HbeUos in eos quibus male veHs, eosque
subornatis nominibus aedere Quod exemplum si Germani vicissim
!
581. Caluo] Perhaps Franciscus plane tuus' {Defensio pro Italia "K i),
Julius (Minutius) Calvus; to whom if spoken of the Lutheranizing ItaUan
Erasmus addressed Ep. 1604; and poet and bookseller, the friend of the
forwhom see Ep. 581. 3on. Erasmus Frobens and their friend Erasmus,
seems in fact to have known very has point and savagery. Calvvis pub-
httle about him, or to have forgotten hshed for Sadoleto, and was intimate
a good deal (see Ep. 1825, where he withAlciati. SeeHartmann, Z)ie .4 mor-
speaks of him as 'nihil ahud quam . . . bachcorresjiondenz^ii. 767. InFeb. 1519
typographus, ahoqui indoctus'). Al- Froben speaks ofCalvus (LE.^ Zoc.cit.)
beit a printer, Calvus could not fairly as having recently been in Basle his ;
be called 'indoctus'. Another printer, visit may very well have coincided
and the close friend of Erasmus, John —
with that of Erasmus who was there
Froben, calls him 'vir eruditissimus, as late as Sept. 1518. Like Erasmus,
et Musis sacer' (LE-. 149 ^'Musis — Calvus was doing business with the
sacer', because he claimed to be a Frobens not for profit, says Froben,
;
PAVLVS PAPA m.
DiLECTE fili, salutem et apostolicam benedictionem. Memores
probitatis et innocentiae tuae et in vario disciplinarum genere emi-
nentiae, nec minus meritorum erga apostolicam sedem, cum ad-
uersus desertores fidei summa vi pugnasti, praeposituram Dauen-
triensem Traiectensis diocesis per obitum bonae memoriae loannis 5
Vinchel vacantem, quae se(s)centorum florenorum reditum tribuere
dicitur, tibi grate contulimus, vt aliquod iam praemium tuae virtutis
agnoscas. Ne autem expeditionis taedio atque impensa beneficium
comminuatur, Htteras apostohcas super ea expeditas propediem ad
te mittemus, parati virtuti et eruditioni tuae, vt iudicio et animo 10
facimus, ita etiam efFectu per quanhbet opportunitatem fauere.
Datum Romae apud sanctum Marcum sub annulo piscatoris Die
Prima Augusti m.d.xxxv, pontificatus nostri anno primo.
Fabius Vigil.
PAVLVS PAPA m.
Charissima in Christo filia nostra, salutem et apostolicam bene-
dictionem Contulimus nuper dilecto filio Desiderio Erasmo Rotero-
:
accedat, pro magno lucro deputo, quod hac occasione nactus sum
humanissimi viri amicitiam, quam ego perpetuam esse cupio.
Auentini index varia promittit, nec ea sane protrita. Apparet 5
hominem fuisse studio indefatigabili, ac reconditae lectionis. Dignus
erat, cui vita diuturnior obtingeret.
Amo pietatem tuam, qui amici defuncti memoriae tam ex animo
faueas. Vbi miseris quae coUigi possunt, ego quoque pro mea virili
adnitar, vt et illius eruditio, et tua erga hominem pietas posteris 10
commendetur. Cupiebam pkmbus tecum agere, sed multorum die-
rum aduersa valetudine sic extenuatus sum, vt manus aegre calamum
regat. Verum quod nunc diminutum est, ahas pensabitur. Interea
cupio te quam prosperrime valere. Ecclesiastes meus iam erat abso-
lutus, nisi valetudo coegisset feriari praelum: at vel inabsolutus 15
prodibit ad Calendas Septembris.
Datum Basileae 5. die Augusti 1535.
Erasmus Rot. mea manu.
3035. 5. index] The Indiculus Ger- the Cognatus text was either the
maniae Illtistrataea Table of the
; Mimich edition, with supplementary
Contents of Aventinus' Germania II- matter added in manuscript by Aven-
lustrata, a work in ten volimies, of tinus, or a printed revision of the
whieh onlj^ the preliminary portion Mimich edition (see Leidinger, op. cit.
was finished (c. 1531). The Indiculus p. 60). Cognatus could hardly have
and the surviving fragment of the failed to show the book to Erasmus,
Germania Illustrata are printed in the who is honourably mentioned, p. 69
Mimich edition of the Works of Aven- (in the unpublished Germania Illu-
tinus, vol. vi, ed. Georg Leidinger strata, also, his name occvu"s twice,
(igo8). The Indiculus was printed in pp. 116, 135). A copy of the Indicu-
a piratical edition of 1529, at Munich. lus was sent by Aventinus in 1531
In 1545 it was reprinted by Gesner, to Beatus Rhenanus (Leidinger,
from a text supplied to him by Gil- pp. 60—2).
bertus Cognatus. It seems likely that i5. prodibit] See Ep. 3036 introd.
190 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
presses of Hillen and INIart. Caesar. Interest in the book was quickened by
the Preface, or rather by those paragraphs of it in which Erasmus spoke of
—
the deaths of More and Fisher. These paragraphs and, indeed, the idea of
—
dedicating the book to Christopher of Stadion (see 11. 93-7) were, it seems
likely, an afterthought. The preface is dated 6 Aug. But as late as 24 Aug.
Erasmus was still ignorant that More and Fisher were dead (Ep. 3048). By
26 Aug. he had received the news (Ep. 3049), no doubt from Goclenius' letter
of 10 Aug., Ep. 3037 (where see 92n). The book, accordingly, cannot
have issued from the press till a date later than 24 Aug. But from Ep. 3049
it seems to have been ready by 31 Aug. ; and this is consistent with Ep. 3035,
in which Erasmus tells Eck that the book is to appear, finished or not, by
I Sept. On 12 Sept. he writes to Ber that a few days previously the printers
had dispatched copies to Milan. The rumour of the Preface reached England
early in October. On 2 Oct. 1535 Simon Heyes reported to Cromwell that
Erasmus had written a book 'wherein he does inveigh against the Kinge's
—
Highness for the death of Mr More' the book was expected at the next
Frankfort fair(Brewer ix. 521). Before hearing from Heyes, Cromwell had
sent Erasmus a gift of 20 angels (Ep. 3058). The gift siu-prised Erasmus a
good deal (Ep. 3120) but he rightly divined that the Preface had not reached
;
England (Ep. 3104). For a man deriving two pensions from England, the
Preface might well seem to say too much. Yet some of his friends felt that
—
he had said too httle Damian tells him so plainly (Ep. 3085), and Christopher
of Stadion hints as much (Ep. 3073).]
I
—
verbum dei, non perinde facile reperias. Dei munus est, vt sementis 125
per fideles ministros facta bene proueniat. Mundus videtm iamdu-
dum parturire Christum, qui si vere formetur in animis nostris,
multis indiciis sese proferet syncera radix cordis. Neque enim Euan-
gelium verba sunt, vt lucus ligna, quemadmodum ait Flaccus: sed
quoties semen eflficacis verbi exceptum fuerit a terra bona, multiplices 130
aedit fructus, ac velut herbescens mentis occultam synceritatem
variis argumentis foras profert. Populus fit magistratui obsequentior,
legum tenacior, pacis amantior, a belHs alienior. Inter coniuges maior
est concordia, fides integrior, maior adulterii detestatio. Maritus fit
erga vxorem mitior, vxor erga maritum reuerentior. Liberi maiore 135
cum tremore parentibus obsequundant, serui magis ex animo parent
dominis suis, famuli inseruiunt alacrius. Opifices et qui debent
operas, meliore fide eas praestant. Qui negociantur, nemini faciunt
quod sibi fieri nolunt. Atque vt summatim dicam, omnes fiunt ad
benemerendum proniores, ad vindictam ac laedendum tardiores, 140
minus auidi, magis sobrii. In quorum moribus haec non apparent,
sed his diuersa potius, periculum est, ne nondum bonum semen
haeserit in cordibus ipsorum.
Sed desino concionari, quo iam vacet tibi Concionatorem meum
legere, si tamen tuis ocuHs auribusque dignus videbitur. Vale, 145
. Basileae postridie Nonas Augusti, anno a Christo nato mdxxxv.
and More (Ep. 3049. 162). This fragment can hardly be other than the paragraph
from Goclenius' letter and it seems hkely that Erasmus about the same time
;
forwarded the same extract to Cochlaeus. Both Cochlaeus and Tomiczki were
recipients of his Tragoedia Basiliensis (Ep. 2698) and presumably also it was
;
from Erasmus that Cochlaeus received the extracts from the letters of More
to Erasmus printed in the Epistola Nicolai Pape i (see Ep. 2831 introd.). From
Ep. 3061 we learn that Goclenius' accoimt was put together on information
obtained from Thomas Theobald. It seems to have been the first news which
Erasmus received of the deaths of Fisher and More. Later news (17 Aug.)
came from Tiebnann Gravius (Ep. 3041) and Schets (Ep. 3042). With Schets'
letter came two letters from, or transmitted by, Chapuys (forwarded by
Erasmus to Ber on 12 Sept. (Ep. 3056)). From Damian he had received an
account translated into ItaHan, by Pole (Ep. 3076) and with a letter (Ep.
;
Courinus see Appendix xxvii. The news of events in England was slow, owing
to the danger of sending compromising letters out of the coimtry on 1 7 Aug. ;
1535 Schets writes to Erasmus: 'nec est qui scribat ex Angha vel audeat
scribere on 1 1 March 1536 Erasmus writes to Cognatus Solus Bedyllus ausiis
'
; :
'
tween this letter and Ep. 2876 (7 as professor at the Collegiima Tri-
Nov. 1533) the only extant letter to hngue, fiS^S (Cran. E. p. 663, MHL*.
or from Goclenius isEp. 2998 (25 Feb. p. 416).
1535). 18. senem] Cardinal Enckenvoirt;
2. famulo]Gocleniusrecommended, see Ep. 3052. i^n.
and sent to Freiburg, Lambert Coo- 25. Nullo negocio] Goclenius has
mans, with whom, on 2 Sept., Eras- expressed himself ambiguously; he
mus expresses himself well satisfied, presimiably means that it would
though by that time he had already have been easy to find someone more
foimd another /amwZw5 (Ep. 3052). learned in Greek and Hebrew than
3. nuncium] In Feb. 1535 Livinus Lambert, but not anyone more suited
told Schets that he was sending to to be the famulus of a senex.
Freiburg 'proprium nimtium'; see 29. Hollandus] We do not know
Ep. 2992. 11-12. who this was.
14. Balenus] Andrew Gennep of
3037] FROM CONRAD GOCLENIUS 196
34. famulum] Lambert Coomans. new office only for a few weeks (MHL*.
36. Merbecanum] John Stercke pp. 344-5).
(Fortis) of Meerbeke; t5 April 1535; 40. lacobo Latomo] See Ep. 934.
see Ep. 1322 introd. To be distin- ^n.
guished from John Fortis the Spani- 45. Monasterio] See Epp. 2957,
ard. He resigned his presidency in 3031.
1526. 48. Qtiirinus]A comment on Qui-
37.Copinum] Nic. Coppin of Mons: rinus' veracity is given in a note made
ti6 Jxme 1535; see Ep. 1162. io8n; in the margin by ( ?) Erasmus: 'osdia-
MHL*. p. 343. boh mendax.'
38. Enchusianus] Ruard Tapper of 51. Vincentius] See Ep. 2819 in-
Enckhuisen (1487-1559) see Ep. 946.
; trod.
3n, MHL*. p. 571. 60. Caimio] See Ep. 1832 introd.
Drido] John Driedo ; t4 Aug. 64. Dilfus] Cf. Ep. 2998. 53^.
1535 J see Ep. 1163. lon; he held his 68. iuuenem] Lambert Coomans.
196 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
quem regis furor non aha causa vehementius exarsit, quam quod
is in Cardinahum ordinem a Pontifice esset cooptatus. Sed audi quod
vincit omnem feritatem. Caput Roffensis indutum stipite multis
diebus omnibus ocuhs fuit expositum, quod non modo non con-
100 tabuisse, verum etiam multo venerabihus esse factum ferebatur.
Vbi rumor percrebuit, mox amotum est loco. Et nequid in Mori
is
capite existeret quo populus rehgione turbaretur, audi iam facinus
immanissimum. Renouata est Thyestea fabula, et caput eius non
nisi longa coctura maceratum, quo celerius difflueret, hastih est im-
105 positum. Causae feruntur tres. Noluit iurare, secundum formulam
Luteri se credere nuUum esse ius Pontifici in rebus ecclesiasticis, sed
regem Anghae esse caput ecclesiae Anghcanae ; vltimum matrimo-
nium factum, priorem vxorem recte repudiatam. Tertio affere-
rite
bantur hterae ad Roffensem scriptae, vt vel dux esset vel comes ad
iio fortiter pro veritate occumbendum: se enim paratum esse ipsam
vitam vero impendere. Quod iUe se fecisse, et recte fecisse asseuera-
72. scripturum] The letter was pre- attached to this meeting see Ep. 3049.
sumably Ep. 3042, enclosing letters 147-51; cf. OE. p. 563 (from John,
from England, among them letters
—
abp. of Lund 'Quid conuentus re-
from Chapuys. No letters of this date ginarum boni attulerit, aueo omnino
are extant from either Olah or scire'), Brewer ix. 449 (Chapuys
Livinus. to Granvelle), 669 (Charles v to
76. HeHonoraeJ Eleanor (1498- Chapuys).
1558), eldest sister of Charles v, 92. Sexto Nonas lulii] 2 Jidy this
;
bat. Itaqiie iudicum sententia vir optimus exitum vitae quem dixi
est sortitus. Vbi habuero compertiora faciam te de omnibus certiorem.
Fuit apud me quidam Thomas Theobaldus, quem in his regionibus
suspicor esse exploratorem nomine regis. Ille mihi narrauit Thomam 115
Bedillum pensiones tuas accepisse et ad te misisse, nec vllum peri-
culum esse, nequid in iUis detrimenti patiaris. Siquid aUud hic
accidat, scribam per mercatores petentes Francofordiam.
Itaque feliciter Vale Die diui Laurentii Anno 1535.
Tuus Conradus Goclenius. 120
3037. 114. Theobaldus] Goclenius 3038. 12, Misi] The letter is not
was right in his suspicions of Thomas extant.
Theobald or Tybbold; who, in the 14. in figuram] See Ep. 3104. 59-
guise of a imiversity student, was em- 60: 'Golettae picturam e Roma
ployed in Germany as a pohtical miserat Ansehnus Ephorinus.' WTiat
agent (exploratorem) of the Enghsh was sent was presumably a map, or
government. Together with Reyner plan, of the locaUty and its defences.
Wolfe, the London bookseller (for In the Emperor's retinue, however,
whom Ep. 2997. ^n), he kept
see was Jan Vermayen, a Fleming, em-
Cromwell, Cranmer, and Bedyll in jDloyed as official war-artist; his
touch with German protestant feel- cartoons may be seen in the Vienna
ing; see Brewer 12. i. 577, 1311; 12. Gallery.
2- 314-15. 969; 13- 2. 509-
198 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
3039. I. istius] sc. mensis Augusti. daughter Margaret. For the charge
No letter of Merbehus is extant earher against him see Pastor xi. 312.
than the present. 9. Rauennatis] Accolti see Ep.
;
neque inter cadauera neque alibi (vt aiunt) repertus est. Nebulonem
elapsum putant arte nigromantica, quam ipsum callere vulgus nu-
gatur. AJii aliud asserunt, variantes sententiam. Inter equites et
pedites magna fuit dissentio et controuersia super diuidundo spolio.
Principum demum autoritate haec res, male coepta, composita est. iio
Pedites acceperunt, quisque pro sua portione, preter stipendium xviii
aureos Emdenses quantum equites, nondum constat, minus quidem
;
118. opido Nouesiensi] Neuss. The the Liibeck army, under the comniand
Conference met on 15 July 1535. See of Coimt John of Hoya was defeated
Kerssenbrocli p. 859, with Detmer's by John Rantzau, general of the diike
note. of Holstein (King Christian) at Assena
119. archiepiscopus] Hermann of inFunen.
Wied, abp. of Cologne. inmari] At the battleof Born-
138.
133. pugnauerimt] 11 June 1535; hoka.
204 LETTERS OF ERASIMUS [1535
3041. 153. Gaspar] Perhaps Gaspar Basle. He seems to have carried the
Schets ;forwhom see Ep. 2897 introd. letter,notextant, to Tielmann Gravius
158. litteras] Theletter(notextant) which is answered by Ep. 3041. Tiel-
whieh Heresbach received on 22 July mann speaks of him as a 'ciuis Basi-
1535 (for this and the fasciculus see liensis',whom he knows by sight, and
Ep. 3031 introd.). supposes to be a goldsmith. Hedidnot
169. Birckmannus] Prestmiably of in fact carry Ep. 3042 —
the lastpara-
the same family as Francis Berckman, graph is to be regarded as a postscript,
a native of Cologne, in business as a indicatingthat asErasmus'messenger
bookseller in Antwerp, who travelled failed to return, Schets employed a
in England and elsewhere as a book- different one whom, writing to Olah,
;
seller's agent. See Epp. 259. i^n, 1388. he described as 'quendam suorum ne-
24n, 1488. 39-41, 1494. 32n, i6o6. gociorum gestorem' (Ep. 3037. 70-2).
3n, 1804. 294-6, 1816. 22-4, 1990. 7n. \Tiam] Ep. 3028. But Schets had
3042. I. lator] Deseribed in Ep. received also Ep. 3025, written ten
3028 as a 'negotiator', due to make days earlier; as appears from what
the return joumey from Antwerp to he says about Maruffus and Barbirius.
' ;
pecuniae cuius ego custos sum. Misitque simul Astodillus has episto-
las quas vna hac ad te mitto. Puto ab oratore Capuysio venire.
Venit hic fama Caesarem in Affrica feUci marte agere, et quod 45
fere inexpungnabili coUo Tunezico, quem Golettam vocant, expun-
gnato, direxerit castra meniis vrbis, quam ayxmt faciUus posse
5—6. Dum .
. demonstrauerit]
. matical blimder: cf. 1. 37.
'Since he did not show himself other 30. Infantem] Henrico.
than devoted to you. 37. nequeas transtuU] For tratis-
7. differui] For distuli; a gram- /erri, another grammatical blimder.
;
Damian a Goes (26 Aug. and 13 Dec. would seem to have availed himself
1541) are printed in Goes' Opera 1544. of the services of Daniian's 'famulus'
For Coelho's admiration of Erasmus to send letters both to Coelho and to
see Clen. E. p. 78 and for a letter of
; —
Resende from Coelho he seems to
Clenardus to Coelho, enclosing com- —
have received a reply none of these
plimentary verses, see Clen. E. pp. letters has siu-vived.
185-7; Coelho'sanswerto theseverses, 22. vertigo] Cf. Epp. 3019, 3078.
0(ie MonocZo5 (sic), isprinted by Mon- 26. Pilapios] Selected because of
teiro. For other verses addressed Goes' preoccupation with their in-
by Coelho to Clenardus, Cerejeira, terests (see Epp. 2846. ii^n).
(Clenardo, Coimbra, 1926, pp. 240- 35. perpoliendis]For Erasmus'pro-
in), refers to Clenardus' Institutiones Epp. 2095 introd.,
jects of revision see
GrammaticaeLatinae^hvLtweh.Suvenot 2424. 342-62, 2443. 55-6, 2466. 165-
been able to find a copy of the book 71, 2660. 26-8, 2690. iin.
in any of its three editions. Erasmus
208 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
scriptas non accepi, nec eas quas Berus eodem tempore misisse se
significat.Longa est via,
Multa cadunt inter calicem supremaque labra.
Berus mihi non reddidit, sed transmisit, literas a Bembo, cui tamen loo
non scripseram, et a Lazaro Bonamico. Nondum enim cum Bero
sum colloquutus. Bembi literae non egent responso Lazaro, cuius ;
Adag. 401, whence (throughTavemer's Vlatten who wrote to him, about the
;
version) it passed into English usage. same time as Heresbach, a letter not
102. coUoquutus] For the date of extant, but referred to by Heresbach
Ber's journey home see Ep. 301 1. (Ep. 3031. 222).
106. aliquid noui] See Pliny, N.H. iio-ii. reuocat nobiles] The refer-
8. 42. ence is presumably to the Edict of
107. fabulis] For Erasmus' scepti- Coucy of 16 July 1535; see Ep. 2983.
cism about the African war see Epp. ^Sn.
3048-9, 3084. He seems to have taken 112. Melanchthonem] Both Melanch-
the view consistently that the proper thon and Bucer were, through Sturm,
concern of the Emperor was Germany invited by Cardinal Bellay to a con-
452.11 T,
>;
hoc meo officio nihil erat opus, id mimeris vigilanter obeunte Sigis-
mundo Gelenio, praeclare docto emunctaeque naris homine. Caete-
rum vbi per ocium relegissem excusa, nonnulla repperi quae me
10 recognoscentem fefellerant at non ita multa, si summam aestimes
;
J
;
have approached Peter Kmita, who was recommended by his wealth, though
hardly either by his character or by his attitude to rehgious questions.
Peter Kmita, count of Wisnicze (1477-1553), had served as a youth in the
armies of Maximihan. Conspicuous for his beauty, courage, and eloquence,
he became, under Sigismund i, court marshal and grand marshal (1529) of
Poland (A.T. xi. 172), chatelain of Boicz, palatine of Sandomiria, palatine and
captain of Cracow, prefect of Szepesvar and Przemysl. He represented the
PoUsh king at the courts of Charles v, Ferdinand, and Zapolya in the war —
between Ferdinand and Zapolya he espoused the cause of the latter. A fanatical
churchman, he built a church at his native Wisnicze. He was esteemed a good
Latinist he exchanged letters with Peter Bembo (MS. Barb. Lat. 2158, fo. Ixxv).
;
1810. 2on.
See the Vita Petri Kmitae printed in D'Lugossi, Historia Polonica ii, pp.
1607-31.]
ing them.]
I
3047] FROM AMBROSE A GUMPPENBERG 213
Merinus died 'heri', 1538 and Silva 1547; see Ep. 1681.
38—9. Cardinalis sanetorum qua- 49n. Erasmus wrote to him in Aug.
tuor] Pucci; cf. Ep. 301 1. (Ep. 3050. 49).
40. Schonnberg] Nicolas Schom- 51. descripsit] Rupilius' descrip-
berg; see Ep. 1466. 5on. Created tion is not extant.
"
temporis mihi lucta fu<er>it cum febribus, cum calculo, cum podagra,
non diu vixi. Sed par est nos patienter ferre quicquid Hle supremus 40
Dominus nobis immiserit, cuius voluntati nemo potest resistere,
quique solus nouit quid nobis expediat.
Quod me consolaris commemoratione clari nominis, nec apud
posteros vnquam intermorituri, non ingratum est amicae voluntatis
officium. At me nihil mouet ista gloria, nec soHcitus sum de posteri- 45
tatis applausu. Vnum iUud mihi curae cordique est, vt hinc Christo
propitio emigrem.
Huc multi GaUi nobHes profugerant, hybernae proceUae metu, qui
28. vt om. Lond. 39. fuit M: correximus.
29. Tomaci] For the history see posed collected edition of his works.
Epp. 525 introd., 1237. 24^., 1558. 48. GaUi nobiles] Recalled by the
298-308. In his will of 1527 Erasmus Edict of Coucy; see Ep. 2983. 48n;
left to the CoUege a copy of the pro- cf. Epp. 3029, 3043, 3049. 155^.
216 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
218 •
LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
illud Epicuri Aa^e ^iwoag. Sed quando haec est Epimethei prudentia,
sero sapiens, quod vnum superest, huc toto pectore incumbo vt
Christo propicio hinc emigrem.
Ab his laboribus, in quibus credis me Hbenter versari, iamdudum
30 animus gestit discedere. Sed partim me retrahit necessitas, partim
reuocat flagitatorum improbitas. Necessitas cogit vt mea quae fere
sunt extemporaHa, ac citra iustam curam praecipitata, sub incudem
reuocem, quando typographos cohibere non possum quin subinde
meas ineptias excudant, etiam puero lusas. Interdum et aHenas meo
35 nomine euulgant luceUi gratia. Flagitatorum duplex est genus.
Quidam vrgent priuato affectu, velut typographi, qui lucri gratia
quaerunt nouos Hbros. Sunt alu quidam qui de me bene meriti
postulant argumentum quod existimant Reipub. profuturum: aut
si nihil sunt meriti, ea sunt autoritate vt rogando cogant. Huius
40 ordinis sunt, HbeUus De misericordia Domini, ad Christophorum
Episcopum BasUiensem, Commentarius in Psalmum quendam ad
Episcopum Lincolniensem, alter item ad Turzonem Episcopum
Olmucensem duo praeterea HbelH, alter De symbolo fidei, ad comi-
;
13. Formica] See Adag. 447. Psalms, 4 and 85 (see Epp. 1535,
22. Pauli] 2 Cor. 6. 8. 2017); to Turzo he dedicated the
26. EpLmethei] See Adag. 30, 31. commentary on Ps. 38 (Ep. 2608).
40. De misericordia] See Ep. 1474. 43-4- ad comitem Vuiltiseriae] See
41. Psalmum] Erasmus dedicated Epp. 2772 and 2884.
to Longlond commentaries on two
3049] TO PETER TOMICZKI 219
quum alia quaedam sunt, tum est Ecclesiastes quem nunc damus serio
;
47. puellis] Cf. Ep. 3048, mate of the town as a possible cause
56-7. ovov . . . yrjpas} See Adag. of his bad health in 1535.
1713. 80. vel in Brabantiam vel in Bur-
60-1. coelummutarimJCf. Ep.3025. gundiam] See Ep. 3062. ^n.
i8n. In VZE. 72, p. 199, Vighus as- 82. si redeam] For the residence
signs the clLmate as Erasmus' reason qualification attached to the pension,
for leaving Freiburg; the Freiburg see Ep. 1434. 7-10.
cUmate, he says, killed Zasius. In clero] See Ep. 2733. 9.
Ep. 3054 Erasmus mentions the ch- 83. Uteris] Ep. 2553.
.
115 aura pertulerat, eum cum duce Grittio fuisse capite truncatum.
De Caesaris victorus multa tum scribuntur, tum vulgo iactantur,
quae non arbitror omnia dve/xoiAia, vt Homerice loquar. Populus
Caesareae ditionis multis in locis accensis pyris testatur gaudium
publicum. Idem factum est Romae. Pontifex tamen negauit se id
120 facturum, nisi CaroU Hteris ad ipsum seriptis factus esset certior.
Guletam, vetustae Carthaginis ruinas, expugnatam rumor est con-
stans, et puto verum esse. Caetera dubia sunt. Hic nihil est quod
scribam laeti. Pestilentia scintillat in multis Germaniae ciuitatibus.
Oppidum VuestphaHae Monasterium, quod occuparant retincti, vi
125 expugnatum est, animaduersum in omnes qui duodecimum excesse-
rant annum. Ea lues nonnihil compressa est verius quam extincta.
Ex HoUandia Anabaptistae turmatim in has regiones affluunt, nec
dissimulant suam professionem feruntur ac dissimulantur, si nihil
;
rerum statu. Nihil habet haec aetas eo Principe sanctius aut huma-
nius dabit ilh, spero, Dominus ahquando fortunam virtutibus parem,
;
copies could not yet have reached Litteras 52. Litteras] Xeither
. . .
one and the same person with Gocle- Goplenius' letter is that Lambert was
nius' Balthasar de Kieueringhen and ; at the time in Louvain (de Ram's ac-
that it is for assistance in forwarding count is not consistent with this).
the consilium that Goclenius thanks Goclenius speaks of him as having had
Erasmus in Ep. 3061. long and faithful service 'apud quen-
3. Sasboutum] The letter is not —
dam senem' this is an odd way of
extant; in 11. 17-18 Erasmus repeats speaking of the Cardinal, and it sug-
his instructions about it, by a lapse gests that Goclenius did not in fact
of memory. know Lamberfs history very pre-
16. Bodyllum] Bedill in fact wrote cisely at tlie time of writing. Lambert
on 14 Sept. (Ep. 3658) confirmingwhat seems to have remained with Eras-
Erasmus had already known, or be- —
mus until his death according to
lieved, namely, that the vicar of tradition, Erasmus died in his arms
Aldington was unable to pay because (de Ram, op. cit., p. 438). Under
his goods had been confiscated, and Erasmus' will he received a legacy of
that the holder of the other English 200goldfiorin8(Appendixxxv. 19-20).
living denied liability. He notified alterum] We do not know who
him of gifts of £6. 135. ^d. from this was. See, however, Ep. 31 15.
Cranmer, 20 angels from Cromwell, 21-2. quem commendas] The 'ado-
£5 from Longlond (Ep. 3058 ; cf. Epp. lescens quidam Hollandus' spoken of
3107-8). in Ep. 3037. 28-30.
452.U
Q
—
226 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
quidam fucatus amicus, per quem non licuit nec famulam nec famu-
lum habere frugi. Eius nomen tibi prodam alias, vt caueas. Nam
25 post ntmdinas forte mittam proprium nuncium.
Aleander denuo emisit librum furiosum sub nomine Doleti: quo
et Morum, quem acceperat esse in carcere, vlciscitur, et Villenoua-
num mendicum mortuum. Facit imperiosum Morum timide loquen-
tem. Furia Romae subomauit Cursium, qui scripsit in me. Excuditur
30 nescio quid Mediolani.
Romanenses velim nolim pertendunt me censu onerare, quo mox
fiam Cardinalis nam id serio fuit agitatum. Pontifex est mire pro-
:
3052. 23. amicus] Possibly Glare- both here and in his Responsio 359n
anus, see Epp. 3054. 13-17; 3055. he plainly attributes to the influence
But the hst of Erasmus' false friends of Aleander.
in this letter —
Cannius, Utenhove, 27-8. Villenouanimi] Villanouanus
Quirinus Hagius, Quirinus Talesius, and More are the interlocutors in
Pol^rphemus, Alard, Dilft, Morillon Dolefs Dialogue. Simon Villanoua-
is impressive the product perhaps of
; nus, 1495-1530, had been Dolefs
the diseased imagination of a very admired teacher and friend in Padua,
sick man. Goclenius in his reply (Ep. where he had become, on the death
3061) has no difficulty in exculpating of Longohus, the principal professor
some of them: Dilft has been seriously of Latin. Though a Belgian by birth
ill; Carmius and Quirinus Hagius, so (bom probably at Neufville in Hain-
far from plotting together, are not on ault), it seems hkely that he is one
speaking terms; Cannius' mysterious and the same with 'le docte Villo-
visit is due to the fact that he has nouanus Fran^ois' of Rabelais (iii.
managed to secure a few months' 13). See Christie, Etienne Dolet, 1880,
hohday from the charge of his con- pp. 28-35.
vent. 30. nescio quid] Probably the Bel-
26. denuo] The Dialogus. When he lum Ciuile see Ep. 3064, introd.
;
3053. 15. ^'^^. : crediti ilf S. 25. taTdmscxil&e MS.: correximu^. 26.
EE^. : difficih MS.
3053. 5. Clauthum] See Ep. 2955. to us. His letter has not stu-vived.
I3n. Though reconciled to Livinus, 28. prohibitione] For the
Erasmus, as late as June 1535, con- taken to prohibit Herborn's book, see
tinued to blame him for mischief- the letters of Carondelet and Olah,
making with Clauthus (Ep. 3028). Epp. 2912, 2915.
6. Huysman] Not otherwise known
228 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
may, therefore, be the same. We have, however, failed to find them at Basle.
Schreiber gives the date as 6 Sept. 1535.]
exspecto.
p. 80. . . . Hoc vnum te rogo, ne instiges illam in peiorem partem.
Ego te tot annis inter amicissimos habui et, si parum profui, facultas
15 defuit, non voluntas. Tum quod ad me quidem attinet, locorum
disiunctio nihil imminuet amicitiam nostram. Tantum de famula,
de qua tu nihil rescripsisti, occupatus opinor.
Ego officium meum dUigenter feci, non secus atque decuit. Si sunt
qui aUter tibi narrant, narrent porro vt veUnt ego scio me ea in re
;
innocentem.
Hoc me etiam male habet quod nunc in ternis Uteris admones vt
amicitiam nostram perpetuam obseruemus. Ego, charissime D. 25
Erasme, de tua non dubito, ita aequum fuerit, opinor, vt et de mea
non dubites quod te vt facias etiam atque etiam rogo. Quod non
:
modo tibi bene sit sed quod taU amico priuor, non potest non male
;
si quis forte obtingat. Mihi vero summopere gratum erit si vir ille
non imaginibus tantum nobilis succedat in edes meas. Nam milii
5 certum est non remigrare Friburgum. Si cum eo possit transigi, nihil
opus esset edes venales proscribere. Emi domum florenis aureis in
auro probatis atque etiam electis sexcentis et viginti quatuor.
Repperi illam vndique male curatam. Quid impenderim in tabula-
tum, in nouas fenestras vitreas, in sarturam omnium, tu potes
10 estimare. Si mihi numeret praesentem pecuniam quantam et qua-
lem impendi, et pro apparatura ex viginti quatuor faciat quinqua-
ginta, domus bonis auibus ipsius esto. Quod si nimium videbitur,
patiar detrahi viginti sex pro apparatu, et ero contentus sexcentis
viginti quatuor. Puto neminem fore molestum regressus nomine:
15 praesentis pecuniae mentio deterrebit eos qui ius regressus excepe-
runt. Tibi et fratri tuo D. Francisco Bero facio plenam facultatem
hoc negocium transigendi, teste hoc scripto, cui pecuHare anuli
signum appressi.
Mitto duas epistolas ab oratore Caesaris ex Anglia missas, vt certo
20 noris quomodo martyrium peregerint Roffensis et Morus, Reginaldus
[Polus], vir nobiHs et egregie doctus. Vale.
Basil. 12 die Septemb. 1535.
Erasmus Rot. mea manu.
Reuerendo D. Lodouico Bero, theologo, canonico Basiliensi.
25 Friburgi.
the writer of this letter we know, beyond what the letter tells us, no more than
that he was a native of Brescia who enjoyed contemporary repute as a poet.
So much may be learned from the epitaph written for him, incerto anno, by
Jerome Bomatus:
Funde precor lacrymas, mecum suspiria funde,
Quisquis ades, sacris addeque thura focis.
Dehtiae Phoebi Vincentius ille Metellus,
Brixia quem gentiit, marmore clausua inest.
3056. 21. Pokis seclusimus.
3056. 3. vir ille] Peter Rich, as ign.
appears from Ep. 3059. 19. epistolas] Not extant; but no
6. Emi] For the price paid see Ep. doubt the lettars forwarded to Eras-
2512, where it is put at 'about 800 mus by Schets on 17 Aug. (Ep. 3042).
florins', Ep. 2530. i, where it is said 20. Reginaldus] Richard Re^Tiolds,
to be 700 florins. Erasmus considered executed 4 May 1535; see Ep. 3048.
the price he had himself paid extor- 52n. The ms. has Reginaldus Polus,
tionate (Epp. 2517. 27-8; 2528. 53-4; either by a mere lapsus calami (? for
2534. 24-5). Reginaldus prior), or by mental aber-
II. ex viginti quatuor . . . quinqua- ration. Pole had written an accoimt
ginta] 'raise the 24 florins of the of the executions of More and Fisher,
original price to 50'. of which Erasmus had perhaps heard
14. regressus] The title-deeds would ah-eady, though he did not receive it
seem to have contained a clause by until 15 Dec. (see Ep. 3076). It is
which the owner could resiune pos- hardly conceivable that he should
session by paying, in ready money, have supposed Pole to have been
the sumfor which he had sold. martyred at the same time as More
16. Francisco Bero] See Ep. 2153. and Fisher.
3057] FROM VINCENT METELLUS 231
Maschara we have not been able to discover any particulars ; though Maschara
is a name borne by other Brescians.]
——
optimi foetura, non eo contentus quae tua voluntas est de toto
hominum genere bene merendi tot subinde foetus edidisti, non
illos quidem maturos omnes, sed qui absolutissimi tantisper vide-
rentur, dum iUis supremam adhiberes manum atque ita declarares
non id tibi perfectum fuisse, a quo tamen nihil abesse aUis videri 20
poterat, vt iam omnes te inter Didjonos, Origines, Chrysostomos,
Varones, Augustinos et reliqua veterum foecundissima ingenia
ponendum iure censeant.
Id etiam magni putandum saepe duximus, cum tu, tanquam pater
I. Antonius] Not known to us. edition of MingarelH, Bologna, 1769.
21. Didymos] Didymus of Alex- The extant remains of Didjmius are
andria (a.d. 309-94), grammarian, printed in Migne, 39. 216-1818; for
theologian, and polymath the teacher
; lost works see Fabricius, Bihl. Graec.
of Jerome and of Ambrose. His De ix.
Spiritu Sancto (mentioned by Augus- 22. Varones] M. Terentius Varro
tine, Exod. 2. 25) was printed at (116-28 b.c.) is cited here, presum-
Cologne, in the Latin rendering of ably, as 'vir Romanorum eruditissi-
Jerome, in 1531, together withaLatin mus' (Quintil. 10. i. 95, Augustine,
translation by Epiphanius of his Ciu. Dei 6. 2), and the worId's most
Breues Enarrationes in Epistolas Ca- voluminous scholar (Cic. ad Att. 14.
nonicas; of both these works the 18). His connexions with theology
Greek original is lost. Works which are given by his lost Antiquitates, ia
survive in the Greek original are his 41 books, of which the 16 books of
Liber aduersus Manichaeos (first Antiquitates Rerum Diuinarum were
printed at Paris in 1672), and the De drawn upon by Augustine in the
Trinitate first made known by the Ciuitas Dei.
232 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
date given by the contents. This was doubtless one of the letters from
is
England forwarded by Schets with his letter of 26 Oct. (Ep. 3067). Schets
directed them to Strasbourg, and hoped they would arrive quickly. But it
was not vmtil the middle of Mareh 1536 that Erasmus so far acknowledged
Bediirs letter as to write letters of thanks to Cromwell and Longlond (Epp.
3107—8); and from Ep. 31 19 it may be inferred that he wrote to Schets about
the same time (referring to Cromweirs gift). It may be supposed, therefore,
that the letter got stuck in Strasbourg. It had, however, reached Basle not
later than 11 March, the date of Ep. 3104.]
3057. 38. rumor] The allusion is fin. ) ; which are clearly the gifts named
presumably not merely to the offer in BedilFs letter.
of the provostship of Deventer (Ep. 2. pensionibus] For the default of
3033), but to theprospect of the cardi- the persons responsible for the pen-
nalate; for this see Ep. 3007. 5n. sions, see Ep. 2996. 8n.
3058. I. per banchum Aluari] With 7.bonis fisco addictis] This is mis-
BedilFs letter Schets had reeeived
from Alvarus 42^ nobles (113 florins,
—
leading perhaps disingenuous. The
confiscated properties had been res-
odd), but without indication of the tored more than a year before the
Bource of the monies (Ep. 3067 ad date of this letter (see Ep. 2996. 8n).
3058] FROM THOMAS BEDILL 233
dicti Aluari accipies, cui quidem superiore die tradidi quinque libras,
Lincolniensis munus, quas ad te iam olim perlatas credo. Cupio vt
eorum munificentie gratias agas et de receptis eos certiores facias, et
precipue magnifico viro Thome Cromwello, amico singulari et qui 20
hodie in Anglia post regem plurimum potest, pre ceteris te com-
mendes quasi optime de te merito. Ex me autem expectabis
perpetuum amici officium, quod ad omnem occasionem fidehter
prestabo. Vale diu et feHciter.
Ex Londino, xiiii Septembris. 215
Tuus Thomas Bedillus.
3058. 12. compellatur] In his letter to have been less munificent if they had
Cromwell (Ep. 3107) Erasmus presses already seen the Prefaee to his Eccle-
the propriety of enforcing payment. siastes. Longlond's gift is acknow-
13. arehiepiscopus] In Ep. 3104 ledged in Ep. 3108. No letter ac-
Erasmus gives Cranmer's gift as 18 knowledging Cranmer's gift is extant.
angels, instead of the simi here 3059. 1-2. Nimcmitto] Cognatus
named. He conjectures, no doubt had also been sent to Freiburg three
rightly, that his Enghsh friends would weeks previously Ep. 3055.
;
;
3059. 20. Puccium] Erasmus had Worms in July 1535: see Kerssen-
apparently heard some rumour imph- broch p. 860. For an earher meeting
cating Pucci in the miu-der of Ippolito in 1535 see Ep. 2999. ^yn.
Medici. For the death of Ippolito see 4. Spiram mox commigraui] Vig-
Ep. 3039. hus was made a member of the Im-
23. Francisco] See Ep. 2153. i^n. perial Chamber at Spires in this year,
3060. 2. htteras] Not extant. see Ep. 2101 introd.
Irenicus] Phrysius;see Ep. 3022. 9. olim . .iuuabit] Verg. Aen. i.
.
54n. 203.
3. presuhs mei] Francis, count of 21. Regulus] John of Leiden; see
Waldeck, bishop successively of Min- Ep. 2957. 93-411.
den, 1530, Miinster and Osnabruck, 23. hbellum De Vindicta] The Von
1532 f 1553.
; der Rache of B. Rothmann, pubhshed
Vormatiam] The Reichstag met at in Dec. 1534. See Ep. 2957. ^^n.
I
3o6o] FROM VIGLIUS ZUICHEMUS 235
mare tibi facile licebit, si modo tales nugas legere tibi vacat. Andr. 25
Conritzius recte valet etErasmo suo omnia fausta precatur. Illum
autem et me non tam commune munus quam par in te, incompara-
bilem patronum nostrum, obseruantia et afFectio coniunget quibus ;
3061. 34. hteris] Ep. 3037. Hagius; but there is no clue to the
exactius] We do not know what offence or the persons offended.
the more exact account enclosed with 46. gynaecei] He had recently been
the present letter was. appointed rector of the Ursuline con-
37. Seepperus] See Ep. 1747. i2on. vent in Amsterdam; see Ep. 1832
40. sycophantae] Perhaps Quirinus introd.
;
mer of 1534 Erasmus had apparently that, if Erasmus ever leaves Basle, it
made up his mind to end his days in will be to go, not to Brabant, but to
—
Brabant in the last week of July Besan^on. From the present letter,
1534 he was on the eve of departing and from other letters of 1535-6 in
for Brabant see Ep. 2850 introd.,
; which Besan^on is spoken of, it may
cf. Ep. 2820 introd. But even in 1534 perhaps be inferred that a determin-
Besan^on had been present to his ing factor in Erasmus' deliberations
mind as a possible alternative to was the departure of Cognatus to
Brabant; see Ep. 2759. 2011. Her- Biu-gxmdy. It should be noted, how-
born's attack on him in 1534 (see Ep. ever, that in Ep. 3 141. 78-87 (i Feb.
2896. I2n) had done something to put 1537) Boniface Amerbach states that
him out of love with Brabant and ; Erasmus' intention, when he returned
though this trouble had been ad- to Basle, in 1 535 was to migrate thence
,
justed (see Epp. 2912, 2915. 39-72), to Brabant; see also iii. 17-25 (vol. i,
it seems hkely that imeasiness in con- P- 53)-
nexion with it remained in Erasmus' 9. impertiuimus] is not clear
It
mind (see Epp. 3053, 3100). The whether Erasmus referring to his
is
letters of 1535-6 give no hint of any general past generosity to Cognatus
fiu-ther thought of settling in the low or to some specific gift made to him
—
countries Brabant is mentioned only on his departure. In pressing him, in
in Ep. 3049, and only there as a pos- March 1536, to return to his service,
sible alternative to Besangon. In the Erasmus promises liberalitatem ali-
'
present letter (as in Ep. 3063) the quanto largiorem', and a legacy in his
project of moving to Besangon is will 'non contemnenda'. was not He
spoken of as something that may be in fact remembered in Erasmus' will
taken for granted; and from this but his successor Lambert Coomans
time on the thought of settling there received 200 florins (see Appendix
is constantly present to Erasmus' XXV ).
mind; Epp. 3063, 3075, 3084,
see 13. duo vasa vini] One of these
3102, 3103, 3104, 3115, 3130. Ep. arrived in good condition, the other
3130 (so far as we know) is the last was bad; see Ep. 3095.
letter that Erasmus wrote. It is 3063. I. legatione] He was em-
written to Goclenius, the best of his ployed during 1535 and 1536 as im-
238 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
sodalitas' (for their names, see Epp. 302, 612, 633, 883). But for Sturm alone
he seems to have retained an enduring regard. He speaks of him in 15 19
as 'iuuenis ingenio faceto, siunmo iudicio, doctrina non vulgari, ac nostri cum
primis studiosus' (Ep. 948. 149-50). Ten years later, he places him first among
the pupUs of Wimpheling: 'quorum praecipuus nunc inter nobiles doctrina,
synceritate, candore, prudentia, nobilissimus lacobus Sturmus, cuius consiliia
plurimmn debet tota pene Germania, non solum inclyta ciuitas Argentoratimi
(Ep. 2088. 87-90). Since 1528 ecclesiastical preferments in Strasbourg had
been in the hands of the Education Committee of the Council and of this ;
at Strasbourg, is printed by Knod, loc. cit. From his letter it appears that, subject
to the approval of the Coimcil, the provost and chapter of the Cathedral were
prepared to accept Francis Ber, a youth of twenty, who had studied at Paris
and knew Latin and Italian ('welsch').]
D. Lodouicus Berus sibi persuasisse videtur me apud te non parum
valere : in quo si faUitur, tamen error apud vtrunque nostrum debet
3064. 16. Flaccus] Hor. A.P. 451; xxiv). The Bellum perhaps cited the
cf. Ep, 2874. 124. Cursius forgery.
18. Fingimt] The reference is 28. Megarensium] See ^rfagr. 1079;
doubtless to the Cursius forgery cf. Epp. 2880. 20-1, 3032. 456.
(see Ep. 3028. 24n and Appendix
240 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
tibus subscribere illamnon posset, morsque paulo post eum occupasset, non fuit
ad Erasmum missa.' The Basle ms., written in the hand of S. Hosius, another
secretary, is a copy of this, sent to Erasmus on 9 Aug. 1536 by John Antoninus,
Tomiczki's household physician. The Basle MS. omits the date, the signature,
and the address, and differs from the Warsaw MS. in a few small particiilars
which we have neglected. In forwarding Hosius' copy Antoninus states (Ep.
3137) that Tomiczki wrote the letter the day before he died, when he was too
weak to sign it his executors thought it unworthy to be sent on after his
;
death. Erasmus was of course dead when Antoninus wrote. But the letter was,
after his death, the subject of correspondence between Antoninus and Boniface
Amerbach. Antoninus had written to Amerbach on 10 Aug. 1536 (the day
after writing Ep. 3137); and a year later he discussed with Amerbach the
desirabihty of pubhshing Tomiczki's letter (Basle MS. G. II. 14. 222).
Besides the Warsaw and Basle mss., there is a copy of this letter in the
Corpus Naruszewicianvun (see Ep. 2520) in the Muzeum Czartoryskich at
Cracow of which we have not thought the variants worth recording.
;
3065. 13. cuiusdam] From Ber's letter it appears that his name was
Franz Gesters.
3066] FROM PETER TOMICZKI 241
The Warsaw MS. gives a date which might be read either as 20 or 25 Oct.
1535 (xx* or xx^). In view of G6rski's note the figure is best interpreted as 25.
Antoninus' statement that the letter was written the day before Tomiczki's
death (i.e. 28 Oct.) may perhaps be explained as meaning no more than that
the letter, composed on the 25th, was stUl by Tomiczki's side waiting signature
until the day preceding his death.
In Ep. 3095 (12 Feb. 1536) Erasmus speaks of Tomiczki's death, and refers
(as to the last letter he had had from him) to Ep. 3014 (26 April 1535).
The letter was printed by F. R. Goezius in Otium Varsauiense, Breslau, 1755,
p. 47 sq. The text of C. Miaskowski in the Paderborn Jb. f. Philosophie xv,
1901, pp. 342-7, seems to reproduce that of Goezius. T. Wierzbowski in
Materyaly do dziejow pismiennictwa polskiego i, 1900, pp. 328 sq., printed the
letter from the original, reading the date of the month as xx.]
Papal policy. In 1526 Ghinucci was Pope Julius 11, was first printed at
sent to England by Clement vn, to Cologne in 1583. The letters of Sado-
soUcit the aid of Henry viii against leto and Pole bear witness to the
the Colonnesi. In the matter of the regard in which he was held by those
Divorce, pressure was put upon him cardinals. (See Sad. E. ii. 106, 309,
to represent the King's case favour- 334 (addressed to Simonetta), 343,
ably at Rome (see Brewer ix). 345 ; cf. Poli Epist. ii. 6—7). See
27. Capuanum] Nicholas Schom- Argelati, ScriptoresMediokinensesII.i.
berg; see Ep. 1466. 5on. 1398-1440; Tiraboschivii,pp. 1098-9.
Simonetam] James Simonetta 28. Cardinahum albimi] AU the
(1475 ?-i539), son of the historian persons named were raised to the
John Simonetta,andimcleof Cardinal cardinalate at the election of May
Louis Simonetta, was born at Milan, 1535 (cf. Ep. 3047. ^on).
and educated at Padua and Pavia. 57. Hypanim] See Arist. H.A.
He was made bishop of Pesaro in 552''; Aelian, Nat. An. 5. 43; Cic.
1529, of Perugia in 1535. His treatise Tusc. Disp. i. 94 Pliny N.H. 36 (43),
;
I
;
sciat, quid serus vesper vehat. Ergo, cuni omnium ex aequo ceruici-
bus Tantali saxum istud grauissimum impendeat, neque scire quis-
quam possit quando casurum seque ruina sit sua oppressurum:
omnesne ad rempublicam accedere, honores in ea gerere atque eiua 65
administrationem suscipere dubitabimus, quod non solum an diem
vnum, verumetiam an horam vnam aut punctum vnius hore victuri
simus, certum nobis non est ?
Vide, mi Erasme, quid futurum sit, si quae te mouere videtur,
eadem res ceteros quoque mortales a magnis rebus gerendis deter- 70
ruerit ? Quod si, quos longius victuros spes sit, eos solos honoribus
augendos, et ad reipubHce gubernacula esse putaueris admouendos,
cui alteri quam adolescentulorum temeritati tota erit respublica
permittenda ? Quibus clauum tenentibus qui status eius futurus
esset, in opinione tua relinquere quam in oracione nostra ponere 75
maluimus. Nos vero non eam solam esse causam arbitramur, quam-
obrem ad rem pubHcam capessendam senes potius quam iuuenes
accersantur, quod propria est huius aetatis prudencia ex multo
magnoque rerum vsu collecta, sed hanc quoque minime postremam,
quod quanto propius ad tempus ilhid accessisse videntur, quo ex 80
hospicio sui corporis aeternam illam in domum migraturi viteque
suae actae et rerum in ea gestarum apud seuerum iudicem racionem
sint reddituri, hoc minus commissuros eos aHquid verisimile sit,
cuius si racionem reposcantur, reddere non possint vt vel hoc ipso ;
62. quid . . . vehat] Verg. G. i. 461 loo. regium] See Ep. 2421. 4911.
cf. Adag. 605. 108. bouem] See Adag. 962.
244 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
iio te, que futura sit existimatio, non videmus cur non eorum potius
tacite cogitaciones suspicionesque tibi sint metuende qui a nobis,
hoc est a Romana sunt ecclesia. Tu iudicio quodam tuo, neglecta
propemodum Solonis lege, etsi a coetu piorum nunquam discessisti
atque Romane ecclesiae censurae scripta tua omnia subiecisti, ple-
115 risque tamen medium te gerere visus es, cum neque ecclesie placita
omnia mordicus esse tibi tuenda putares, neque illorum doctrinam
qui ab ea desciuissent prorsus euertendam existimares. Ex quo
factum est vt, dum batylla quidem confringenda non censes, sed
ignem tantum alienum dispergendum et efifundendum, in eam suspi-
120 cionem nonnullis veneris, te cum Luteranis potius quam cum
Ecclesia Romana facere.
Quodsi nunc a Summo Pontifice tibi delatum honorem nunc
confirmabitur ea multorum suspicio. Aut contemni a te
reieceris,
ampHssimum ordinem et pro nichilo duci putabunt, aut ideo te
125 refugere, ne cum Luteranis in dimicationem descendere cogaris.
Alterum ex fastu quodam nimio, alterum ex pusillo et abiecto animo
procedere iudicabunt. Vtrunque certe certo signo esse dicent et
argumento, tacitam tibi esse cum Luteranis conspirationem, neque
cuiusquam persuasionibus ab hac sua opinione se deduci patientur.
130 Ahquot iam anni intercesserunt, cum nos in quodam Hbello tuo legere
meminimus quod consilii te tui poenituerit, quo de fortunis tuis et
honoribus augendis nunquam soUicitus esse voluisti, cum non perinde
cuiusuis morsibus oportunus fueris futurus, si excelsa ahqua in digni-
tate collocatus esses. Ecce tibi nunc diuinitus occasio est oblata,
135 qua te a contemptu contemptissimorum hominum facile queas vindi-
care, qua quasi diuina virgula suppeditante summos honores con-
sequi tibi liceat. Ea obuiis, quod aiunt, manibus esse videtur
amplectenda, cum etiam ad scriptorum tuorum immortahtatem per-
magni interesse videatur, si laboribus tuis eum, quem oHm es meritus,
140 fructum tributum esse posteri intellexerint, facileque ex eo iudicium
omnes sunt facturi non esse eius ingenii praeclara monumenta
reiicienda, quem propter ea ipsa amphssima dignitate censuerit
honestandum is qui doctrine, virtutis et meritorum cuiusque pru-
dentissimus est et verissimus aestimator. Si ambiendum tibi, si
145 prehensandum esset, quamquam vir sanctissimus Cato author fuisse
non nemini dicitur, vt etiam nummos in tribus pronunctiaret, cum
videret malis artibus malos homines gladiatorio animo ad consulatum
viamafi^ectare atque euertende reipubhce consiha inire tamen tibi :
113. Solonis] See Apophtheg. vii, 147-8. gladiatorio ... viamjCf. Ter.
Solon I. Phorm. 964.
145. Cato] See Suet. Jul. 19. i.
I
3066] FROM PETER TOMICZKI 245
Misit saltem has epistolas tibi dirigendas. Putat nam tibi his signifi-
catum iri, a quo veniant, nec opus ob id esse significatione.
-j-Doctissimo viro Domino Erasmo Rotterodamo. Friburgi. 35
Like Ep. 3080 (written seven weeks later), though in a less degree, it has
the character of a rhetorical composition rather than of a personal letter it ;
may be suspected that both letters were rewritten for pubHcation, and it is
possible that in its present form neither of theni was dispatched. See Ep.
3104. ii-i2n.]
3067. 34. a quo] The donors were 3068. 21. t6 «eWpov . . .] See Eupolis,
Cranmer, Cromwell, and Longlond Dem. 6. Cognatus repeats the ex-
(Ep. 3058. 13-18). pression in Ep. 30S0.
248 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
3068. 28.htium tricis] \Miat these Ep. 3123 that they viewed residence
were isnowhere made clear. Erasmus in Basle with disfavour, and supposed
refers to them, using the same expres- him to be imbibing heresy.
sion, in writing to Bonvalot, 17 May 32. Fronte . calua est] Cato,
. .
1536 (Ep. 3122). In Ep. 3104 Cogna- Distich. 2. 26; cf. Adag. 670, Epp. 36.
tus' parents are represented as in part 16, 443. 23.
responsible: and the same suggestion 3069.i. Epistohinn] Not extant.
is made in Ep. 3062. 4-6. What is Dares] See Verg. A. 5. 362-484.
12.
clear is that the trouble is connected 12-13. penas.. .daturvis]Thethreat-
with the project of Cognatus' return enedpunishment of Dolet wasdelayed
to Basle. In a letter to Boniface of until after Erasmus' death. In a
8 Feb. 1535 (Basle MS. Ki. Ar. 18^. letter, however, to Boysonne of 31
f. 137) Cognatus had written that his Aug. 1535, Dolet speaks of a Germtin
parents wished him to retum to who has undertaken the defence of
Nozeroy, but that he could not leave Erasmus; and on 10 Nov. 1535 Me-
Erasmus. It may be suspected from lanchthon writes to Camerarius,
3069] FROM PAUL VOLZ 249
35. vxor] Anna Fryesin, whom made him quite ignorant of money)
Pellican married on 7 Aug. 1526, see that he was obliged to look for another
CPR. p. 113. \\Tien she died 28 Oct. wife and married Elizabeth Kalb on
1536 Pellican felt himself so much at 20 Jan. 1537; CPR. pp. 147-8.
a loss (his 33 years as a Franciscan
3072] FROM CONRAD PELLICAN 253
3073] 255
10. Vnum . . . exprimendum] Eras- 21. heret] See Ep. 3007. S^n.
mus was afraid that he had said Charles had in fact reached Naples
too much about Fisher and More; from Sicily ('Cicilia') two days before
Stadion plainly thinks that he has this letter was written.
said too little, in not naming the 22. obitmn] See Ep. 3064 introd.
criminal. 25. cognatos] See Ep. 2998. ^on.
11. fo. 4i]Thisisawrongreference: 26. canciunculam] Acts 3. 6.
itshould be p. 61 = LB. v. 815D. 27. alios saluos] See Mark 15. 31
17. nouorum martirum] For the Luke 23. 35.
phrase cf. Ep. 3063. 31. Orator] Vergerio, who was at
256 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
this time engaged in negotiations in Erasmo Rot., hero meo, decem flore-
Germany in connexion with the sum- nos renenses in auro, ea conditione vt,
moning of a general Coimcil. In April si forte R. D. Episcopus Augusten.
1533 Stadion had enclosed in a letter miserit munus mihi destinatum, ipse
to Erasmus a papal 'cedula' dealing D. Erasmus illud recipiat nomine
with the proclamation of a Coimcil meo. Datum 13 die Octobris Anno
(Ep. 2787. 17-20). It seems reason- i535- Gilbertus Cognatus Nozerenus.
able, therefore, to infer that the 'ce- {Variorum Epistolae ad Erasmum:
dula' enclosed in the present letter No. 15, Erasmuslade). The gift may
was concerned with the same business. have been in connexion with Cog-
3073. 34. Gilberto] The gift to Cog- natus' work on the Ecclesiastes as
natus had been anticipated Erasmus
; secretary. ^Mien he sent Choler the
had given him, before he left Basle, ten Responsio to Cursius, Erasmus thought
florins, on the imderstanding that he todoaservicetoCognatusby mention-
should repay himself out of the sum ing that it was upon his suggestion
sent by Stadion. Cognatus' acknow- that the pamphlet was addressed to
ledgement is extant in autograph in Choler (see Ep. 3050, 25-6).
the Basle library: it reads as foUows: 3074. 6. literas] Not extant.
'Ego Gilbertus Cognatus profiteor hoc 1 1 . No letter from Erasmus
literas]
chirographo meo me recepisse a dno to J. G. Hermann is extant.
i
3074] FROM JOHN GEORGE HERMANN 257
in spelling, but no other important variants. This and Ep. 240ia are the only
3074. 14. surdo] See Adag. 387. 14-15. actumque . . . egi] See Adag. 370.
452.11 o
258 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
letters from Gruy^res to Erasmus which have survived, though there are six
letters to hun from Erasmus. The year-date can be supphed both from the
letter which this answers and from the contents.]
enim dubito quin in eo (vt sunt tua scripta omnia) tersus sermo
congruam rerum grauitatem ad omnium studiosorum et vere piorum
25 vsum sit complexus.
De D. Bonualoto nihil est quod dubites: etenim retuHt vera qui
asseuerauit eum Vesontii esse; nam fuit et nunc est. Cui volumen
Apophtegmatum gratum fuisse scio.
Cesar ducatu Mediolanensi ditatus et auctus eo breui est venturus,
30 res iUius principatus ordinaturus ad communem Christiane reipublice
vtihtatem et ItaHae tranquiHtatem, prout ad me sua maiestas Hteris
nona Nouembris Consantiae in Calabria datis scripsit.
Magna est spes conuocande synodi; nam et summus pontifex et
senatus cardinaHum singulare in eo studium ostendunt. Fama est
35 non obscuro loco orta Turcharum tyrannum iterum infeHciter cum
I. binas] Only one of these has that, hke Gruy^res, Bonvalot might
survived, Ep. 3063. This was pre- not be at Besangon. Erasmus' letter
sumably, since it was sent in error to him was carried by Cognatus, with
to Besan^on, the earher in date, the a copy of the Apophthegmata Bonva-
;
other going direct from Basle to lot acknowledges the gift in Ep. 3103.
Siu"see. Before receiving either letter 29. ducatu] The duke had died on
Gruy^res had (on 29 Oct.) written to i Nov. 1535 (Ep. 3064 introd.). Two
Erasmus, ofTering him the use of his days later the emperor crossed from
house in Besan^on (see Ep. 3102. 5n). Sicily to Calabria — hardly 'ducatu
12-13. vicarium] Richardotus; cf. ... ditatus et auctus'; for the death
Ep. 2880 introd. of Sforza without heir was, in fact, a
26. Bonualoto] See Ep. 1534. 29n. grave embarrassment to him; and he
He is not mentioned in Ep. 3063 it ; was seeking a compromise by which
is to be inferred that Erasmus, in his neither he nor Francis i nor Paul m
later letter, had expressed the fear should possess Milan.
; ;
[On 26 Jan. 1536 Damian, answering Ep. 3076, speaks of the grief with
which he has read Erasmus' scheda referring in particular to the malmn
'
'
;
'
extremae spinae, quod ad vetus accessit'. The words make it plain that the
'
scheda is our present letter, which we must suppose accordingly to have been
'
an enclosure to Ep. 3076. This 'scheda' looks, in fact (the address notwith-
standing), as though it was something circulated for the information of Eras-
mus' correspondents generally. Except for Ep. 3076 there is no letter of
Erasmus extant in 1535 to any correspondent which bears date later than
23 Oct. (Ep. 3065). This gap can hardly be accidental, but is explained by
Erasmus' illness.
For schedae crrculated by Erasmus for the information of his friends see
'
'
Ep. 2799. 13-14, where he tells Utenhove that he will learn about affairs in
Freiburg from the schedae which he had given to Quirinus.]
'
'
aeternum.
ix. 701) where we may suppose Da- recognize this. Of the Paris News-
mian to have met him. Whether the letter there are extant German and
original document which Pole trans- Spanish versions.
lated was in EngHsh or in Latin we 3076. 19. historiam] No doubt the
have no means of knowing (though it Expositio Fidelis (aee Appendixxxvii).
eeems unhkely that in Rome he would 3077. 8-9. hic secet . aetemima]
. .
busy himself translating Latin into He uses the same expression in writ-
Itahan). It is even conceivable that ing to Longlond on 16 March (Ep.
what he translated was the Paris 3108); he had used it in a different
Newsletter, and that Erasmus' igno- context in Ep. 2892. 131, where see
rance of Itahan caused him not to note.
; ;
xviii''. copy (G*. ii. 67) which preserves, what has been lost from the original,
the Latin verses printed in U. 48-70.]
Vehementer me
contendis vt de Ruifensis interitu paulo copio-
a
sius scribam. te faciam. Hodie rem didici meHus. Nosti
Vide quanti
mores, opinor, qui legum loco in iuditiis apud nos sunt. Duodecim
viri plerumque neque docti neque prudentes, nonnunquam etiam
5 indigni quorum iuditio vel soricis salus pericHtetur, criminibus om-
nium omnibus praeficiuntur. Sed quandoquidem hoc priuUegu reis
concessum est vt, si quem ex hissuspectum habeant, eum reuciant,
Rufifensis, cum duodecim ilH coram essent, rogatus si quem ex his
3079] TO DAMIAN A GOES FROM AN ENGLISHMAN 263
3079. lo-ii. Cancellarius] Thomas Great Seal and in 1533 was made
Audley (1488-1544), who had suc- Chancellor.
ceeded More in 1532 as keeper of the 20. accipite] John 18. 31.
264 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
20 etiam mehores credunt. Sed ecce tibi, dum non sine mente (reor) nec
sine nuniine diuum, Ecclesiasten tuum cum Enchiridio in vsum
meum huc defero. Statim atque quidam ex iurisconsultorum et
medicorum albo haud postremi horum gustum percepissent, toti ita
ivdovaiaa[xa) quodam rapti sunt vt ex ingenio migrasse videantm",
25 nihil charius tuis ducentes lucubrationibus, nocturna versantes manu,
versantes diurna. Nec tam fabulose Circe homines in feras, quam
vere tu feras (si sic loqui Hcet) in homines commutasti. Videris
nunc eos qui prius non nisi Bartolos, Baldos, Mesuas, Auerroes,
Vigones, Liras et Scotos spirabant, nunc etiam si non solam, saltem
30 primam Euangelio te praeeunte curam tribuere tua opera se beatos ;
of his previous letter (Ep. 3068. 2in). apophthegmata for Bonvalot, see Ep.
13. Marpesia caute] See Verg. A. 3103. 12-15.
6. 471. 25-6. nocturna . . . diurna] Cf. Hor.
20-1. non . diuum] Cf. Verg. A.
. . A.P. 269.
5- 56.
3o8o] FROM GILBERT COGNATUS 266
67-8. quo . . . vocat] Cf. Verg. 93-4- ille inquit] Hom. /Z. 14. 196;
A. 6. 96. 18. 427; Od. 5. 90.
266 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1535
thing be steadable for the promoval of the good of that youth, or otherwise
serve for the bettering of the dignity and office of the worthy Boissonnet,
whom I do so love and respect, for one of the ablest and most siifficient in his
way that anywhere are extant.' The able and sufficient professor of law was
arrested for heresy on 31 March 1532. He was made to pay a heavy fine; his
house and property were confiscated after doing penance and making pubhc
;
recantation, he was absolved. From Toulouse, the most ilhberal city in Europe,
he betook himself to Padua, the most hberal. After visiting Venice and Rome,
he returned to Toulouse in the spring of 1533. On 13 June 1535 he writes from
Toulouse to Dolet that Omphahus has just arrived from Paris; Dolet, in
reply, asks for information about Omphahus' quahties (Dolet, Duae Orationes
pp. 121, 174). Epp. 3082-3 were written at Omphahus' suggestion; and on
10 Feb. Omphahus himself wrote to Erasmus (Ep. 3094). A fourth letter, not
extant, from Jolm Sabunyer, was dispatched at the same time (Ep. 3094).
Whether these letters had any other purpose than that of friendly greeting
does not appear. But Omphahus expresses sympathy with Erasmus in the
matter of Cursius, and gives a warm assurance of support; and in Aug. 1535
Boysonne had written to Dolet regretting his attack on Erasmus, an old man,
'
who has rendered such great services to hteratiu-e' (Toulouse MS. Correspon-
dence de Boysonne, f°. xvii, cited by Christie, Etienne Dolet, 1880, pp. 209-11).
In Ep. 3083, similarly, Beraldus' 'monstrorvun aut contemptorem aut vic-
torem' seems to point to Scahger, Dolet, and Cursius. It seems hkely, there-
fore, that Epp. 3082-3, 3094, with the letter of Sabunyer, are best interpreted
as a manifestation of disinterested sympathy from the humanist party in
— —
Toulouse. Omphalius had assisted earlier and effectively in the suppression
of Scaliger's first Oratio (see Ep. 2635); and he had done his best to bring
about a reconciliation between Scaliger and Erasmus. In the summer of
1536 Boysorme was subjected to new attacks by his enemies, the grounds
of which are obscure. He succeeded in extricating himself from these
troubles. But in 1538 he left Toulouse, being appointed judge of the royal
court of Chambery and a member of the Council of Savoy. In 155 1 he
was charged with corruption, found guilty and deprived of his offices. The
charge would seem to have been baseless; and in 1556 the sentence was
reversed, and he was reinstated. The public library of Toulouse preserves
two MS. volumes, one consisting of 282 pages of letters to and from Boysorme,
the other containing his Latin poems in five books. A third volume contains
poems in French. See Christie, Etienne Dolet, 1880, p. 79, and passim. Some
of the letters have been printed by J. Buche in Revue des Langues Romanes,
Montpellier, 4^ ser., ix, 1895, 6. Berne MS. 141, f. 246, preserves an unpublished
letter of Boysonne to Beraldus, 5 Aug. 1534, in which Erasmus is spoken of
as having reproached Beraldus with being a negligent correspondent. In 1931
Henri Jacoubet printed at Toulouse Les Poesies de Jehan de Boysonn6 MS. de
Toulouse 835.]
Ep. 3082 introd. The year-date can be supphed from Ep. 3094. For Beraldus
see Ep. 925 introd.]
aulicae huius vitae, in quam nescio quo fato proximo anno sum im-
pulsus, occupationes ac tumultus non quotidie modo aliquid ad te
scribere, sed vel istucusque aduolare mihi liceret, Erasmumque 15
meum, tot monstrorum aut victorem aut contemptorem, tot im-
mortalibus monumentis ac libris editis, tot erectis consecratisque
tropaeis celebrem toto orbe ac notissimum, reuisere. Verum sicuti scio
te tam diuturnum hoc silentium boni consulturum, ita plures ac
frequentiores literas abs te me deinceps impetraturum confido. Id 20
abs te non peto modo, sed etiam postulo ac flagito.
Male habebam mane, cum domum meam aduenit Omphalius,
neque illi longiorem epistolam promittere tunc poteram. Nunc peius
aliquanto valeo ob flatus austrinos, qui Narbonensis huius Aqui-
tanicaeque Galliae confinium grauiter identidem infestant. Vale. lo. 25
Pinus, Riuiensis episcopus, te plurimum salutat.
Tholosae 9 Calend. februarias.
3083. 26. Pinus] See Ep. 928. 36n. 13. famulam] Possibly a miswriting
3084. 3. salutatorimi] The most for famulum see Ep. 3123.
;
troublesome seems to have been the 14. soluitur] Erasmus means that,
person designated 'N' in Ep. 3095. if he goes to Besan^on, the imperial
—
conjectures most of which aim at improving the faulty grammar of Goes
(who, at 1. 28 seems to have written concederit for concesserit, and at 1. 35
Jieri for /ocere).]
si aUquis erit istic qui depingere huiusmodi res sciat, curabo interpre-
tandam, vt te non defraudem. Vale et, quam cito poteris, rescribe.
Iterum vale, praeceptor amantissime.
Patauio postridie conuersionis Pauh. Anno 1536. 65
Tuus ex animo
Damianus A. Goes.
Propria manu.
Desyderio Erasmo Roterodamo. Basileae.
3087. To Ferdinand.
Copenhagen MS. G.K.S. 95 fol., £.179. Basle.
27 January 1536.
[An autograph rough draft. The beginning of the letter, down to the words
argumentis sum ex (1 . 6) is preserved in a copy made by Boniface Amerbach in
Basle
MS. C. VI^. 73, f. 272^0. On
26 Jan. Erasmus wrote on the same business
(see Ep. 3095. 1-3) to Bernard of Cles, a letter not extant, which Cles answered
on 16 March (Ep. 3110).]
3087. 12. causas] The business of tion,and wrote to Erasmus, and that,
seeing the Ecclesiastes through the on or before i8 April 1536, he received
press. a reply to his letter. Erasmus seems
3088. 16. ad te scriberet] From Ep. to have repHed, about the same time,
3117 it appears that John George to the present letter (Ep. 31 17. 1-6);
Hermann obeyed the paternal injimc- but his reply has not survived.
452.11 m
274 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1536
miscuit, ita in epistola laeta miscere tristibus. Neque enim tibi non
10 possum gratulari, qui pro tuis egregiis virtutibus ad istuc fastigii
sis euectus in quo, velut ex editiore specula, tua pietas clarius la-
tiusque diluceat. Rursus, non possum non iungere tecum lacrymas,
tuamque pariter ac meam vicem deplorare tuam qui tibi sanguine
:
meam, qui tam amico patrono et consolatore sum orbatus: vix enim 15
verbis consequi queam, quantum solatii, quantum hilaritatis adferre
soleant omnes iUius epistolae.
Fortassis et totius Poloniae vicem merito quis deploret. Quando
enim Ecclesiae talis continget episcopus, quando Regi talis con-
sUiarius, quando regno talis cancellarius ? Quot egregiis dotibus eum 20
virum cumularat supremi numinis benignitas, quot heroicis virtuti-
bus exomarat Diceres ad publicam hominum vtilitatem diuinitus
!
iUi mors tahbus digna moribus. Ipsis diuinis hteris quas adamabat
placide immortuus est. Expirauit enim nemine eorum qui officu
gratia aderant sentiente: diceres obdormisse, non expirasse. Haec 30
quum mecum reputo, pudet flere magis hbet iUi ter beatae animae
:
gratulari, quae nunc pro bona semente quam fecit in hac vita,
messem apud Christum metit opimam.
Sed haec abs te rectius perscribentur, tuaque tuba sanctissimi
Praesuhs gloria mehus decantabitur. Tu longe praestantior es artifex 35
et vniuersas hominis virtutes penitus habes cognitas ac perspectas,
Ad nos vix tenuis famae perlabitur aura.
Non dubito quin pro tua erga iUum pietate sis nobis eum virum
totum suis coloribus, tuo iUo feUci penicUlo, depicturus. Conducit
autem hoc non mediocriter ad bonos omnium mores extimulandos, 40
si exitniae virtutis fragrantia ad quam plurimos dimanet. Porro iam
vita defunctos laudare tutum est, quando nec laudato periculum est
ab insolentia nec laudanti ab adulationis suspitione. Nos tenuem
modo odorem dare studuimus. Dominus R.A.T. seruet incolumem.
BasUeae Calen. Febr. Anno a natah mdxxxvi. 45
3089. 37. Ad nos] Verg. A. 7. 646. 3042); this was presumably answered
3090. I Literas] Not extant. Schets
. by Erasmus' on 28 Nov. 1535.
had forwarded a letter from Chapuys 2. ministrum] We do not know who
to Erasmus on 17 Aug. 1535 (Ep. this was.
:
affectus videtur et, quoties tui apud ipsum mentionem feci, sic re-
spondet vt fucum subesse nondum permittam mihi suspicari. Rem
25 ipsam euentus aperiet. Nos pro viribus operam ac studium nostrum
pergemus tibi nauare et, si fieri poterit, approbare etiam. Tu interea
quietus esto atque etiam alacer, quoad sceleratus ille morbus tuus
sinet.
Quam placuerit Hber de Morte Wiltiserio, non satis ausim affirmare
30 iUud ausim deierare, plurimos bonos eo libro confirmatos alacrius
mortem expectare, multos eandem oppetisse constantius, quosdam
etiam obuiis vlnis (quod aiunt) amplexos esse. Inter quos vel primo
loco numeranda venit nunquam intermoriturum matronalis probi-
tatis decus Ulud ac monimentum —
cuius vel vmbra cum bis mille
35 Wiltiseriis conferri —
queat serenissima domina Catharina, Angliae
regina quae postridie Epiphaniae proxime praeterite hanc miseram
;
II. pensione] For Erasmus' reluc- 41. titiuillitio] For the Explanatio
tance to apply to Chapuys in this Symboli Boleyn paid 50 gold crowns
connexionsee Epp. 3028. 11-13, 3042. (Ep. 2824. 18-24). For the Z)e Proe-
17-22 cf. Ep. 3119.
; paratlone we may infer that, up to
29. Hber] The De Praeparatione ad 28 Nov. (when Erasmus wrote to
Mortem; see Ep. 2884 introd. Chapuys) he had paid nothing.
;
vltro gratulareris. Si scias, quae sit hic rerum facies, idem dicas et
sentias quod ego. Sed de hoc viderint superi.
Sed quid ego ? lam nimia verbositate video mihi laudem illam
100 periisse, quam mihi statim in fronte epistolae tuae tribuis, videhcet
amare te prudentiam meam quod raro et circumspecte scribam.
Profecto, optim<(e/ Erasme, dicam quod res est: nisi haberem ra-
tionem occupatio<num/ et studiorum tuorum, nisi esset tam ingens
penuria eorum quibus t<(uto/ ac certo ahquid concreditur, periculum
105 fore ne obtunderere. Tu interim qualecunque hoc consilium meum
pro tuo niueo candor^e/ quocunque per me licet voces nomine. Vale,
literarum ac literatorum decus incomparabile.
Londini, Calend. Februarii mdxxxvi.
Tibi deditiss. Eustach<ius/ Chapuysius, orat. Cae^saris./
'
Suidas citat ex Marino quodam vsque ad Regum igitur etc.
', ' Sunt '.
Ep. 3082 introd. It was printed by Dr. Franz Wachter in the Zeitschrift des
Berg. Oeschicht-Vereins. xxx, 1894, p. 211. For Omphahus see Ep. 2311.
46n.]
S. Quod mihi curae in hoc tam alto studii mei secessu semper fuit,
vt qui mihi ad suscipiendam iurisprudentiae rationem auctores fuis-
sent, eosdem haberem speratae aliquando dignitatis fautores, id
nuper sum consecutus. Cal. enim Decemb. magna omnium doctorum
5 suffragatione consensu ac voluntate adscriptus sum in collegium
iurisperitorum. Quo die praeter reHqua humanitatis studia, quae
optimus quisque in me phirima contuHt, expertus sum singularem
et omni memoria inauditam eorum benignitatem qui magna ingenu
laude ius vtrumque in schoHs nostris profitentur. Neque enim quis-
10 quam disputationibus meis interfuit qui non mihi de iure pubHce
respondenti et ad laudem ingenu et doctrinae famam summa omnia
honorifico testimonio concederet et quod singuHs debebatur id
;
plerique vni mihi post homines natos, quo clarior studu mei memoria
haberetur, pubHce remiserunt.
15 Ego profecto, vt debeo, honoris huius ampHtudinem magni facio,
3093. 2. vsque ad] i.e. down to, but tention correctly. The Begum igitur
not including, the sentence beginning sentence, which appears in 1526,
Begum igitur. This is made plain by would seem to be an addition made
11. io-i2,and theeditionof i540shows by Erasmus himself in that year.
that Froben interpreted Erasmus' in- 5. prouerbio] Adag. 139.
3094] FROM JAMES OMPHALIUS 281
quod nullam ob spem futuri beneficii sed solam rectam animi volun-
tatem virtutisque studium delatus mihi a laudatissimis viris videtur.
Defensionem illam tuam aduersus Petri Ciu-sii ferias validam ac
robustam magna cum voluptate legi. lacet profecto maleuolorum
hominum inanis inuidia, cum admirabili ingenii tui altitudine, tum 20
vero summa
animi prudentia atque moderatione conuulsa atque
prostrata. Mihi certe nunc libet reliquum aetatis meae flexum ani-
mique motus ad dignitatem tuam vel retinendam vel propugnandam
conuertere; vt quoniam parem in te beneuolentiam ac studium
nauare non possim, voluntatem saltem emetiri meam, omnemque 25
meam operam, fidem atque industriam tibi deferre videar voluisse.
Neque enim vt fortunae acerbitas potestatem mihi parem beneficii
gratiam referendi ademit, ita quoque meae erga te venerationis
studium impediet propterea quod necessaria ratio elaborandi mihi
:
3094. 18. Defensionem] Ep. 3032. scripsi] The letter is not extant,
37. Scribunt] Beraldus wrote Ep. but from what is said it can be dated
3083, Boysonne Ep. 3082. as Jan. 1536: the letter to Ferdi-
fin.
38. Sabunyer] Unknown to us. nand (Ep. 3087) is dated 27 Jan. to ;
or whether Sepulveda had answered that in some earHer letter not extant, is
imcertain.]
orationis quae pars prior est diuinae legis, quam Pharisaei peruerte-
bant. Hoc enim constituto facilHme sequentium verborum intellectus
60 prioribus accommodabitur, vt pro illa posteriore legis parte, morte
moriatur, suppositum sit a Pharisaeis Corban ex me tibi proderit,
id est, quodcunque donum obtuleris in templo, me sacerdote inter-
cessore tibi proderit, vt veniam contemptus patemi consequaris.
Supplicium videUcet capitale, quam poenam huic flagitio lex diuina
65 constituerat, Pharisaeorum auaritia quocunque munusculo sacerdoti-
bus tributo exorari posse interpretabatur.
Nam Corban nomine, vt Marcus ipse interpretabatur, quodcunque
munus templo aut sacerdotibus coUatum intelligitur. Quo vocabulo
vtitur etiam mmc Hebraica hngua in eodem intellectu. Itaque
70 Pharisaeis auctoribus fiebat vt praui filii metu poenae legis diuinae
24-5. non timidissime] Both here, 32. Marci] 7. 11. Sepulveda's ex-
and in the words cui nota sunt omnia position of the passage is not a happy
in 1. 44 there is an unmistakable note illustration of his critical povver.
of sarcasm. 56. Psakno] (70) 71. 9.
3096] FROM JOHN GENESIUS SEPULVEDA 285
with Erasmus' Address to the Reader. Both the Paludanus letter and the
Address are printed in Roman type (the rest of the volume is in italic), and
have the look of being an afterthought of the printer. It seems not certain
whether Erasmus himself gave this Address to Platter & Lasius; if he did,
he can hardly have seen the volmne which they were issuing for the Address ;
was clearly written for a volimie which contained the spurious letter to Fabri-
cius mentioned in 11. 1 1-13. Neither Platter & Lasius nor Hillen print the Fabri-
cius letter nor is it found in any edition which we have been able to see either
;
3099. 4. biduum] See Ep. 3100. 22. the reading necessary for it.
In Ep. 1284. 9-10 Erasmus gives vni] 'cuidam Anglo' in Ep. 3100.
twenty days as the time occupied by The person intended is Robert Fisher
the composition of his treatise, and for whom see Epp. 62, 71 introdd.
3099] TO THE READER 287
3099. 8. Quem cui] Hor. Ep. i. 18. exactly the same words in excusing
76. The erroneous Qt<aZem is found in the 15 19 edition (Louvain) of the
Hillen's text (B2), and that ofWechel, pirated Familiarium Colloquiorum
Paris 1541. But quem cui stands in Formulae (Ep. 909. 53).
Platter & Lasius, correctly. 3100. 10. Colloquia] See Ep. 130.
lo-ii. nam ego neminem] See
. . . gan.
Ep. 1193. 6-7. Much the same words Holonius] See Ep. 904 introd.
are used in Ep. 3100. 20-1. 13. Paraphrases] See Ep. 2412
10. Paludanum] See Appendix xxvi introd., 2n.
introd. 19. Ubell\im] See Appendix xxvi
14. Admonui . . . officio] He uses introd.
; :
54. inter epistolas] There is a simi- 57. quidam] The authors of the
lar parade of letters of compliment forged letter to Cursius (Appendix
from kings and princes in the Spongia, xxiv), who, however, have compotores
LB. ix. 1665C-E Sed iacto principimi
:
'
for combibones.
ad me Uteras, et aliorum de meis 71. postremam] Extant correspon-
lucubrationibus praedicationes. Ex dence between Erasmus and de Vio
eo pronunciat me esse vanissimum, is represented by Ep. 2690. But the
hocest,inanissimum —namidsuspicor cardinaFs last letter, of which Eras-
illum sentire. Imo vix profero deci- mus here speaks, was that enclosed
mam partem epistolarum quas ad me by Danielis in Ep. 2935. See Ep. 2690
scribimt principes ac docti . . . intra introd.
paucos menses a quatuor orbis mo- 78. Herborno] This letter and Ep.
narchis accepi Uteras, Caesare, rege 3053 show how lasting was the irrita-
Gallorum, rege AngUae, et Ferdinando tion caused to Erasmus by Herborn's
. quod ad eruditorum praedicationes
. . book, which had appeared as far back
attinet, habeo scrinia plena laudatri- as 1533.
cibus iUorum epistoUs.'
452.11 TT
290 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1536
that Erasmus was touched by his poverty When he made his will on 1 2 Feb.
.
1536 he left Viterius a legacy of 150 crowns (equivalent to five years of Viterius'
income) the letter which Viterius is answering perhaps gave a huit of the pro-
:
posed legacy (see 11. 11-12,23-7): the legacy is plainly hinted at in the later letter
(Ep. 3106) of 13 March. Erasmus bequeathed the same sum to Phihp Montanus,
an old pupil. Neither Viterius nor Montanus had been remembered in the will
of 1527. Both of them, writing to Boniface Amerbach, 19 May 1540, express
their gratitude for these legacies (Basle MS. G. II. 80, f. 204).]
optimos dies, dum me ipso mehus, dum supra vires contendo. Eaque
15 imprimis vel sola causa extitit que me semper, dum sepe accingor,
ab incepto deterruit, quod me peniteret ingenii, quod totus mihi ipse
dispHcerem.
3100. 87. Homo bulla] Adag. 1248. Verg. 0. 3. 67.
3101. 9. subeunt senectus]
. . •
3101] FROM PETER VITERIUS 291
(nara quo mitiori nomine appellitem qui diuinos viros lacerant ?) cum
suis conuiciis et asperginibus in profundum caos precipitarem.
Quanquam isti melius suo veneno liuoreque pereunt, neque opus est
65 alieno Marte. Et mihi sane tantam dicendi vim aut eruditionem per
etatem licet frustra sperare cuius quoniam iam prope efluxit pars
;
tempora, aHas celo turbido et flante borea magis, celo sereno aHas 120
minus. Tu si quid habes remedu, vbi conualueris, mittes ad me.
Quod autem in calce epistole tempus tue resolutionis instare scribis,
id me multo grauius angit quam morbus meus. Hunc, siquidem
corporis, vt possum, quia necesse [esse] est, leui atque equo animo
fero hunc autem animi ex desyderio tui ferre nuUo modo possum.
; 125
Quin lachrimo miser, noctes diesque crucior, et cupio dissolui,
tecumque vna proficisci ad cetum iUum animorum quorum iudex est
et retributor pro meritis Christus, apud quem sumus perpetuo victuri,
Hec raptim, dum Montanus, vir mihi dUectissimus, tabeUarium
properare demonstrat. Si quid est minus concin<n>e dictum, dabis 130
veniam (vt soles) tuo Viterio. Nam sUere nunc apud te tam possum
quam mei ipsius obHuisci. Quin nihil me grauius nunc vexat quam
quod antea non sum functus ofiicio meo. Si quid mee praeces a[d]pud
Deum immortalem et eius diuos valebunt, orabo ascidue vt restituant
te, si non pristine sanitati, at saltem tante vt possis amicorum 135
desyderio sattisfacere. Rector superum, cur isti animo et spiritui
dignos et eternos annos, vt operibus, non addidisti? Vale, mi
praeceptor. Scribam ad te pluribus adhuc, non dubito. Iterum vale.
Dominus Montanus dedit mihi quedam amiotamenta contra
morbum calcuH. Credo esse abs te nihilominus tamen, si quid ; 140
presidu habes, non ob id desines ad me mittere.
Ex Nauarra, xx° die Februaru i53<6>.
P. Viterius, sjmcere atque ex animo tuus.
3101. 105. Parisiensi] John du would seem that Erasmus used him
Bellay; see Ep. 3047. 62. more than once to transmit his
3102. I. Steph<ano>] See Epp. Besan^on letters.
2140, 2895. From Epp. 3104, 3115 it hterae] From the postscript it
294 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1536
isplain that Erasmus had not written 3063 (see Ep. 3075. in).
to Richardot himself ; the letter must i6. abbatis] From Ep.
31 15 it ap-
be Erasmus' letter to Gruy^res of pears that the person intended was
12 Oct. 1535 (Ep. 3063), dehvered to Louis of Vers (see Ep. 2889); com-
Richardot as Gruyeres' vicarius. By parison with Ep. 3095 suggests that
nomine non expraesso in 1. 4 Richardot Erasmus had written to Stephen
seems to mean that the letter was Pratensis about the wine sent by
directed to the 'officiahs', without de Vers, when he wrote to Cognatus
personal name; the title 'officiahs' (c. 12 Feb. 1536).
being borne also, as Gruyeres points 19-20. condixit] See Ep. 3103.
out in Ep. 3075, by the Officiars 23-4. vino . vecturam] Cf. Ep.
. .
tibi nondum fuisse redditas: eas satis verbosas per huius vrbis
viatorem publicum misi ad Stephanum a Pratis, vt per illum ad te
5 perferrentur. Spero te iam accepisse.
Nunc ad tuam epistolam paucis. Silentii tui excusationem accipio
non libenter: maluissem esse verum quod suspicabar, te rerum
successu quodammodo ebrium nostri fuisse oblitum. Mihi tamen
aflFectus iste tuus erga me fuit summopere gratus, Hcet parum
10 iucunda fortunae tuae deploratio. Amo te quod hbros ac litteras
meas Besontione bona fide reddideris, id quod nunc ex ipsorum
etiam htteris cognoui. Leignieri vicem ex animo doleo. De Lambehno
quod monueris habeo gratiam.
Veteres amici decedunt, parandi noui sunt, qui succedant. In
15 Polonia periit Petrus Tomicius, episcopus Cracouiensis, Friburgi
Zasius. In Angha omnes aut mors sustuht, aut metus contraxit.
Pensionaru excusant, praeter spem tamen nescio quo consiho Thomas
Cronuehus, Regis secretarius, qui nunc secundum Regem potest
plurimum, dono misit viginti angelatos, Cantuariensis octodecim,
20 Lincolniensis quindecitn, nuhus tamen horum scripsit. Solus BedyUus
ausus est scribere, et Eustathius, Caesaris orator, hberior quam
fortassis expedit. Credo tum Anglos nondum vidisse Praefationem
in nostrum Ecclesiasten. Habent apud Germanos oratorem Eduardum
Phoxum, episcopum Erefordiensem.
25 Venio ad tuum negocium. Si tibi mea consuetudo tam fehx
videtur quam tu verbis exaggeras, ciuihus quam verius, scito tibi
eam nunc quoque patere. NuUum acciui praeter Lambertum,
optimis moribus iuuenem, mihique ad obsequia cubicularia commo-
dissimum. Post intermissam consuetudinem vterque alteri futurus
30 est iucundior. Tibi minus erit laboris, et te iam istoc animo in
amici locum recipiam, sentiesque meam hberahtatem ahquanto
largiorem. Quod si quid mihi acciderit humanitus, curabitur vt tibi
letter which the present letter answers, noimces the death of Queen Katha-
he had not heard from Cognatus at rine and on 1 6 March Erasmus writes
;
all (cf. Ep. 3095. 3-7). This suggests that he beUeves the rumour of the
that Epp. 3068, 3080, which read less Queen's death to be false (Ep. 3109).
Uke letters than rhetorical exercises, 24. Phoximi] Edward Fox (1496 ?-
had in fact never been sent. If they 1538) was educated at Eton and
had been sent, something about them King's CoUege, Cambridge of King's ;
would surely have been said in the CoUege he later became Provost. He
'excusatio' which Cognatus offered was secretary to Wolsey in 1527 and
of his silence. in 1528 went to Rome with Gardiner
12. Leigneri] Simon Lagnier; see about the Divorce. He was made
Ep. 2881, introd. For his illness see dean of SaHsbury in 1531 and bishop
Ep. 3115. of Hereford in 1535, in which year he
Lambelino] Jolm Lambelin, was sent to Germany to confer with
secretary to the town coimcil of the Protestant divines on the Divorce.
Besan^on; see Ep. 2733 introd., 3115. He wrote: De vera differentia regiae
17. Pensionarii] See Ep. 2996. 8n. potestatis et ecclesiae, 1534. See DNB.
3104] TO GILBERT COGNATUS 297
quando nos in patria propria visere posset, nec tantum visere quam
10 is<(t)hic pro suo arbitrio agere, et a nobis ea oflficia sentire que nostre
erga se beneuolencie conuenirent. Id vero nobis tam esset gratum
quam quod gratissimum.
Quod ad Hbros attinet, fuit nostra opinio vt tantum nobis renun-
tiaretur qui et quales reperiantur correcte excus[s]i, quum non iidem
15 sint impressores, et quo postremo precio singuH veneant. His
ettenim cognitis et de pecuniae erogatione et de illorum trans-
missione mature procuderemus quod ad vestras respondisse voluimus.
Ex NeapoH quarto idus Marcu m.d.xxxvp.
Bernardus ecclesie Romane presbyter, CardinaHs Triden.
20 VenerabiH egregio sincere nobis dilecto domino Erasmo Rothero-
damo, sacrae Theologie professori. Basileae.
nihil aliud est quam labor et dolor. Tantum vt Christus pro sua
misericordia dignetur in suum regnum recipere me
Quae notaram de calculo, tibi notaram. Nunc puluerem praescri- 5
ptum mitto. Mror vos, quum Lutetiae habeatis medicos eruditissimos,
et a Germanis medicinam petere quibus ad omnes morbos remedia :
'poure marechal' (Brewer ix. 862), by Foxe as a smith (Eccl. Hist. ii. 419).
According to Chapuys, he was a troublesome youth, who after being sent to
prison withdrew to the Continent. Pole states that for some time he served as
a 'gregarius miles' in Italy, finding employment subsequently with a merchant
of Venice, not rising, however, beyond the rank of clerk and accoimtant —
Pole, who had hved in Venice, claims to have known well the merchant who
employed him. The accounts of Chapuys and Foxe take him also to Antwerp.
The State Papers show that he had returned to England by 151 2, and that he
combined at that date the professions of merchant and soUcitor. In 15 12 he
married EHzabeth Wykys. Of his education we know nothing. But as evidence
of his 'capacity and 'memory Foxe speaks of him as (in Italy) 'canning the
' '
the Garter. In 1539 he was given the oflfice of Lord Great Chamberlain. On
3106. 4. suam MS. : correxit P. S. Allen. 1 1 . duodecimos MS. : correxit P. S.
Allen.
3106. 3. nihil . . . dolor] Ps. 89. 10 the legacy coming to him from Eras-
(Vulg.). mus (see Ep. 3101 introd.).
13. tuo damno] Since he wiU miss
300 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1536
f
17 April 1540, he beeame earl of Essex. Less than two months later, he was
sent to the Tower. On 28 July 1540 he was beheaded. See the article by James
Gairdner in DNB., and the Lije and Letters of Thomas Cromwell by R. B.
Merriman, Oxford 1902.]
Abvnde foelix niihi videbar, quod ex Chapuysii ac Bedylli litteris
cognoueram, te virum tantae apud suos dignitatis atque autoritatis
meis commodis ex animo fauere. Et fere praeter omnem expecta-
tionem adferuntur mihi ex tua benignitate angelati viginti. Pergra-
5 tum fuit munus, sed ista candidissimi pectoris tui tam propensa
voluntas multo est gratissima. Pastor Aldingtonensis anno superiore
soluit dimidium pensionis, polhcitus se sequentibus annis integram
soluturum. At hoc anno nihil omnino sohiit. Causatur calamitatem,
cuius me dare poenas, quum autor non fuerim, iniquum existimo.
10 Alter negat se consensisse pensioni, quum viuo Archiepiscopo Waramo
ahquoties soluerit. Hic tua autoritas vel tribus verbis magnopere
prodesse poterit. Dominus te sospitet ac prosperet in omnibus.
Datum Basileae. 15. die Martii anno a natah 1536.
Erasmus Rot. aegre subscripsi ob chiragram.
15 Praestantiss. Viro D. Thomae Cronweho . . .
3107. 6. Pastor] See Ep. 3052. i6n. 7. Dominus . . . aeternvun] See Ep.
3108. 2. scribit] Ep. 3058. 2892. i^in.
—
;
:
supposed him likely at this time to be recalled from Svu-see (see Epp. 3063,
3075, 3084). The Emperor was at the moment in Italy. In Ep. 3084 Erasmus
expresses the view that he will make an extended stay there, and that de
Gruyeres is hkely to be summoned to join him.]
S. P. De \Tiatico non sum solicitus, qui iam vitae iter peregerim.
Eam fortunam opto tibi, vt possis esse munificus in Erasmum:
dignus es enim amplissima. Verum mihi abunde sufficit ista tua tam
amica voluntas.
Rumor hic sparsus est Catharinam veterem Reginam esse de- 5
functam, sed suspicor esse vanum. Montioium amisimus, ad dandum
parcum, sed in amicicia constantissimiim. Quahs sit futurus fihus
nescio.
Valetudo mihi in dies ingrauescit, vires decrescunt. Versor in
extremi actus extrema parte, quam vtinam Dominus bene fortunare 10
dignetur.
Haec ad postremas htteras tuas, duabus de causis breuiter; et
quod dextram occupante chiragra dictare cogor (quae res vehementer
oflFendit stomachum meum), et quod dubitabam an tu mutasses
stationem, a Caesare reuocatus in Itaham. Nam huius rei spem 15
htterae tuae prae se ferebant. Quod si hac iter feceris, videbis
Erasmum tuum morientem. Bene vale.
Datum Basil. 16. die Martii, anno a natah 1536.
see Ep. 479 introd. With fotu" exceptions, of which this is one, the originals of
all the letters copied are still in Basle.]
preferment see Epp. 1994^. 67^ (vol. viii); 2352. 334-40; 2573. 57-65; 2587.
37-43; 2644. 5-7; 2785. 81-3; 2851. 52-7; 3130; cf. Ep. 3124; Cran. E. 95
introd.]
3105. Cles speaks of both of Erasmus' had written to Cles himself on the
letters as having the same contents, subject is made clear by Ep. 3095.
but it seems imlikely that the letter of suae] For vestrae or tuae for ;
30 Dec. 1535 was concemed witli the explanation of the confusion see Ep.
petition of the Basle Town Council. 3105. gn.
The second paragraph of the present 7. se] For sua excellentia.
letter speaks of the petition merely as 13. Causam] See Ep. 3087.
.
per quos licuisset scribere, vel siquid omnino hic accidisset conducendo
nuncio dignum. Quorum neutrum fuit.
In rebus meis priuatis expertus sum, mea incredibili molestia,
esse verissimum tuum vaticinium, mihi ohm redditum per epistolam
tanquam per folium Sibyllae. Cum enim tibi meam victoriam contra 15
Antuerpiensis Canonicos praedicarem, monebas ne nimis victoria
confiderem; nam solere illud genus etiam prostratum vrgere ad-
uersarios, et vulpinam assuere quo non pertingeret leonina. Quod
haud scio an vnquam luculentius factum sit quam ab aduersariis meis.
Longa est iniuria, longae 20
Ambages, sed summa sequar fastigia rerum.
Simul atque vno iudicio essent victi ac condenmati ad meam
postulationem, iamque ex disceptatione iuridiciaH omne ius meum
cognoscerent, quo exceptiones contra illorum intentionem conti-
nebantur, illisque esset integrum secundum litigandi formulas alio 25
me in ius vocare, ad has technas confugerunt. Dissimulato priore
diplomate Pontificis quo in priore iudicio fuerant vsi, Hte secundum
me pronunciata, alterum diploma super eadem re ex officina Romana
impetrarunt in quo disertissime omnis iuris mei infirmatio ac
;
dicere causas recusati sigUH. Qui, ne te morer, ita meum ius defendit
vt regina non obscura signa et verba proferret, quibus aduersaru
inteUigerent commutatam iUius voluntatem. Nam
inter disceptan- 140
dum cum quidam inculcaret non esse constringendam ac vekiti in
ordinem redigendam Caesaris autoritatem. Non, inquit Ula, mihi
\ddetur in ordinem cogi Caesaris potestas si prohibeantur iniuriae.
lUo dicente rem hanc non satis ab ea inteUigi, Imo, inquit, meras
fraudes mihi videor inteUigere, et posthac cauebo ne eadem facUitate 145
vtar in admittendis edictis contra CanceUarios. Incalescentibus
vtrinque animis e iurgio prope ad conuicium, regina sibi soH huius
causae cognitionem reseruauit, in neutram partem quicquam sta-
tuens. Interpositis aUquot diebus tuHt sententiam mUii Hcere, non :
452.11 X
306 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1536
153-4. o-vdis .... opw] Aristoph. later of St. Bavo'3, Ghent; dean of
Ran. 304. Ghent, 1539 (MHL*. p. 594).
157. epistoHo] SeeEp. 3124; cf. Ep. 174. cumanus] jSc, asinus, see ^c?ag'.
3130. 612.
166. Dilfum] See Ep. 1663 introd. 178. tauro] Luther. The Saxonicus
'
171. Rescius] See Ep. 546 introd. taurus' recalls the 'Minotaurus Wit-
174. LobelUus] John Lobel of Bou- tenbergensis of Cochlaeus' pamphlet
'
a competent Greek scholar suggests that he may, like Dantiscus and Copernicus,
have studied also in Italy. Infiuential family connexions (Moritz Ferber, bishop
of Varma, was his uncle) destined him for early preferment. In 1504 he became
a canon of Frauenburg, retaining this canonry throughout his life. From 15 15
to 152 1 he held the living of SS. Peter and Paul mDanzig. In 1523 he became
Domkustos of Varma. In 1525 appeared his earliest, and only published, work,
Flosculorum Lutheranorum de fide et operibus dvdrjXoyiKov (Cracow, H. Vietor)
on the title-page he is styled Gustos Warmiensis. The book is an examination
of the recently published Flosculi de homine interiore et exteriore de fide et
operibus of John Briesmann. Briesmann had come to Konigsberg in 1523, and
his book had created a considerable stir. Giese's answer to it, Erasmian in
spirit, was one of the most effective of the earlier expositions of the Lutheran
doctrine of Justification. In 1538 he became bishop of Culm, in 1548 of Varma
3111. 203. Petrus] See Ep. 2389 207. rege] John of Leiden, see Ep.
introd. , 2957. ^S-^n»
:
(in both sees immediately succeeding Dantiscus). His principal literary under-
taking was the work which, in the present letter, he submits to the judgement
of Erasmus, the three books De Regno Christi. He sent it also to Melanchthon
(see ME. 15 16, 1681, 1741). The Uberal character of his thinking is further
illustrated by the fact that he entrusted to Melanchthon the education of his
nephew Eberhard Roggius and it is not surprising that, to some of his con-
;
temporaries, his orthodoxy was suspect. When he died, he left the still im-
published De Regno Christi to Stanislaus Hosius (his successor in the bishopric
of Varma) who, however, finding a good deal in it which he could not approve,
;
to perish in the Swedish wars. Among the other hterary remains of Giese is
a manuscript at Upsala, said to date from his Leipzig days, deaUng with the
Metaphysics, Pohtics, and Economics of Aristotle.
In the pubhcation of the only work which he printed, the dvfljjAoyiKov, Giese
had been actively assisted by a brother-canon of Frauenburg, whose greatness
lay in a different field of leaming and has proved more enduring, Copemicus.
Copemicus has himself left on record what he owed to his friendship with
Giese. Of the many letters which Giese addressed to Copernicus none have
siirvived though in 1620 the Cracow astronomer Broscius possessed twenty of
;
them, as well as a now lost tractate, Hyperaspistes, in which Giese defended the
heUocentric theory. In this cormexion it is worth remembering that not only
Luther, who called Copernicus, plainly, a 'fool', but Melanchthon and the
Reformers generally, attacked or derided the Copernican system. Broscius
reports that in the Hyperaspistes 'sententiam Erasmi Roterodami de Copemico
ipse Tideman refert valde mansuetam' (L. Prowe, Nic. Copernicus I. i. 98).
L. Prowe in his Nic. Copernicus gives 4 letters of Tiedemarm to George
;
Donner, Joachim Rheticus II. 417-21 to Dantiscus I. ii. 366; to Duke Albert
;
mehorum ratio, quibus soHs hoc quod superest virium sit impen-
dendum praeterea occupationes quotidianae et vix ferendi strepitus
;
100 hac regione nostra, vbi hoc maxime nomine clarus es, quod non
solum his, qui vel tuam amiciciam aut discipHnatum ambiunt vel in
Hterario munere tua requirunt consiHa facilis atque expositus mini-
meque fastuosus esse soleas, sed etiam calumniatoribus et arros<or>i-
bus nihil minus sis quam mahgnus. Vide, quo tenearis loco. Tua,
105 Erasme, vox est Prodeat ahquis amicus, cuinegarim fidele consiHum,
:
86. RiifEiniano praeconio] See contra 104-5. Tua . . . vox est] We have
Rufinum i. i (Hieronymi Opp., 1865, not been able to traee the quotation.
tom. ii, p. 415).
—
3112] FROM TIEDEMANN GIESE 311
pro me aquam manibus tuis infundat et quem possis mei vice te 220
demerentem amplecti. Ne vero circumforaneum erronem quempiam
tibi submitti verearis, hunc, nisi honesto loco natum inter bonos
semper probitatis laudem promeruisse scirem, nemo mihi persuaserit
vt commendarem Erasmo. De studiis vero quid non optima coniicies,
si noueris a tenera aetate ad ephebiam vsque in sinu educatum 225
Melanchtonis, te quoque iudice magni ? A quo non secus ac fihus
habitus musisque consecratus didicit, nisi te patrono neminem in
bonis hteris magnum fieri posse. Quibus quoniam immori statuit,
hoc ipso quoque nomine hominem tibi quo maximo possum studio
non solum commendo, sed etiam oifero atque addico non secus 230 :
S. D. P. Cum m
mentem venit, quanti semper feceris optimum
senem et charissimum praeceptorem et hospitem meum Manardum,
cui et ohm tam ofiiciose per hteras tuas me commendasti, et toties
interea amicissime salutem tuo nomine dicendam in hteris ad me tuis
adscripsisti, non putaui coelandum te quod eum nuper Deus opt.
max. maximo cum detrimento et luctu cum meo tum omnium prae-
sertim medicae artis studiosorum, viu eidus Martii iam uu supra Ixx
armos natum ex hac vita nobis eripuit. Cuius viri merita et praeclara
in nostra professione facta si pro dignitate apud te recensere velim,
10 nullum epistola finem habitura esset.
Quid autem rerum in Itaha geratur nunc temporis, iuuenis hic
Alostensis, chirurgus exercitatissimus et tui videndi cupientissimus,
commodius coram narrabit.
Salutant te Cehus Calcagninus et Ant<(onius> Luceus Lusitanus,
15 medicus, vero imprimis illustris heros Antonius a Ponte, primas
habens inter proceres aulae principis nostrae, qui per Gisbertum
Longohum vna mecum mensibus superioribus ad te hteras dedit.
Bene vale, vir Nestoris aeuo et longiore dignissime.
Ex Ferraria, iii Nonas AprUis mdxxxvi.
20 Tibi deditissimus I. Sinapius, medicus.
Optimo et clarissimo vlro, domino Erasmo Roterodamo, domino
et patrono suo semper venerando. Basilaeae.
S. P. D. Quod egi tibi gratias pro tam charo, ne dicam raro poculo,
hcet tibi videatur superfluum vel ineptum etiam, mi Erasme, tamen
equidem ago agamque vsque dum viuo ac valeo, quando citra bene-
merita erga te mea iam bis me dignatus es ornare munuscuhs.
ninus, imdated, but belonging ap- thanks Erasmus for the gift of his
parently to 1527-8, indicate that he Ecclesiastes. Volz mentions both gifts
was in the service of the duchess of as wellas Erasmus' legacyof 100 oMrei
Ferrara (Calc. E. pp. 140-1). From in a letter to Beatus, BRE. 298, cf.
Calc. E. p. 180 we learn that his wife's BRE. 293.
name waa Parthenea.
: : ; ;
Erasmus' cup, he was misled by the from that suggested in the letter,
dictionaries. The poem on the cup showing serena instead of serena et
was printed in Catalogi duo operum D. and neglecting the alternative pro-
Erasmi Roterodami, Basle, H. Froben posed for the pentameter.
& N. Episcopius, 1536-7. It was 10. graeco] Presiunably Aldus; of
reprinted by Leclerc, LB. i, among which the first edition was printed in
the epitaphs on Erasmus. Intheletter 1497 (Dictionarium graeco-latinum co-
to Beatus of March 1536 (BRE. 293) piosissimum secundum ordinem alpha-
Volz writes that he is sending Sapidus' beticum cum interpretatione latina).
poem to Beatus, and he adds in the Calepini] The lexicon of Am-
margin: 'cum Uteris meis misi D. brose ofCalepio (1440— 151 1) was first
Erasmo Basileam'. From this, and printed at Reggio in 1502; on this
from the first sentence of the present often reprinted book were foimded
letter, it is clear that Volz had already all our Latin lexicons down to Forcel-
written to thank Erasmus for the cup, lini (1770).
and that Erasmus had rephed with a 19. quandoque . . . Homerus] Hor.
letter, now lost, noting the metrical A.P. 359.
error spoken of. The lost letter is 19-20. nemo sapit] See Adag.
. . .
3114. 39. 'Basel add. al.man. MS.: om. LB. 3115. 20. Dyonysius M *§.
31 14. 35. abbass] See Ep. 3069. ^yn. the letters wltich he carried only that
36. Penult<im\mi>] In the Catalogi to Cognatus (Ep. 3104) has survived.
cZmothechangeheregivenisembodied. 6. Thesaurariiun] Bonvalot.
3115. 5. Augustinus]Ifheproperly Vicarium] Richardot.
spoke of himself as 'famiilus D. 18. scripturmn] Bonvalofs letter,
Erasmi', he is perhaps the Antwerp not extant, is answered by Ep. 3122.
famultis mentioned in Ep. 3052, who 22. epistolam] Not extant; nor is
had been engaged by Erasmus before there any hint as to what the fasciculus
Lambert Coomans came to him. Of cartaceus was.
3115] FROM STEPHEN PRATENSIS 317
37. Petro] Not known to us. 61. symbolum] It woiild seem that
46. a Paschate] Cf. Ep. 3095. theneweditionofthe^rfogr^o^Froben,
48. tabellarius Basihensis] He car- March 1536) had just reached Besan-
ried the later of the two letters to ^on (cf. Ep. 31 18), and that Stephen
Cognatus mentioned in Ep. 3104 (see Pratensis' motto had been suggested
Ep. 3104. 2n). to himby thePostscripttotheReader
50. tabellario de Porrentrucho] firstprintedinthatedition(Ep. 3093).
Lamberfs letter is not extant nor ; It is not clear what point in connexion
can anything be divined of the con- with his motto Stephen wishes Eras-
tents of the fasciculus. mus to elucidate he may perhaps be
;
given by p and e; which agree in all particulars, save that at 1. 16 van Heussen
would seem to have changed the habeam of all mss. to the more usual habeo.
The Ghent ms. (a) (and Brussels 19145, which is a mere copy of it) offers variants
of which some (e.g. regni for reguli 1. 3, tantum for tantulum 1. 24) are errors of
copying but in 11. 31-2, Assessor tunc temporis looks like an editorial interpola-
;
tion and the same is probably true of tragicum in 11. 2-3. The text of S agrees
;
in general with that of j8 and e (against a), but exhibits variants due to care-
lessness.
The letter was no doubt carried by the same messenger as Ep. 31 17.]
ERASMO ROTERODAMO.
CvM nihil esset quod ad te scriberem praeter vulgaria, fragmentum
ad ahenae epistolae qua amicus quidam e Monasterio tragi-
te mitto
cum Anabaptistici Reguh exitum ad me perscripsit. Cum autem
antea de eius gestis multa tibi significauerim, extremum quoque hunc
aetum mitiime te celare potui. Hollandia adhuc eo malo grauiter
vexatur, nec quotidiana supphcia miseram et ignaram plebem quic-
quam commouent. Omnino oportet iratum Deum hanc pestem nobis
immisisse.
Ego Spirae perquam commode viuo, nisi quod forenses actiones
3116. 2-3. tragiciun a: om. ^. 3. Reguli ^: regni a. 8. imisisse 8.
3115. 67. Lambelinus] See Ep. 3. ReguU] John of Leiden was exe-
2733 introd. cuted, with great barbarity, in Jan.
3116. 2. amicus quidam] We have 1536; see Ep. 2957. 93-4^.
no clue to his identity ; the fragment 4. significauerim] In Epp. 2957,
of his letter is loat. 2999, 3060, 3071.
3ii6] FROM VIGLIUS ZUICHEMUS 319
[An original letter, autograph throughout. The address shows a tear. The
year-date is confirmed by the fact tliat the letter is addressed to Basle.]
3116. II. satis illae S. 15. au tem antea a: om. S. 15-16. fereomniatua
opera S. 16. aS: habeo j3. 18. ^: mittat a. 21. a: primam 8.
vel commentatione scripsimus: vel cormnendatione a: om. S. 24. j8:
tantuni a. 31—2. Assessor tunc temporis ae: om. ^. 32. ^: Anno om. a [vt
in Ep. 2101. 63).
works, carrying profuse corrections and insertions in his autograph. The letter
is no doubt occasioned by the receipt of the new edition of the Adagia pubhshed
by Froben in March 1536 (cf. Epp. 3092-3, 31 15) and may be regarded as the
projected preface to a book which Cognatus, no doubt, hoped to pubhsh with
;
3117. 14. gratum] Both father (Ep. appeared in 1555 (printed in Cog. E.
3088) and son are a degree naive in ii.88-137).
their assurances of reward. expecta] For Cognatus' pro-
12.
17. Conritz] See Ep. 2274 introd. jected return to Basle see Ep. 3123
3118. 10. Psalmos] The commen- introd.
tary, dedicated to Pliihbert of Rye,
L : NON-rViT-HlC-t OTVS rcvi,PTILrS'AB.TmCI^ I
/DEFVN;TfvDOCTAS'|ii6M*'JUfVEKE'MANVS ,
rei sue motus, diuertitur aUo insuper et Geldrum, qui vxore sua iam
;
a blasphemy which 'God punishes with penalties here and hereafter' (Loci
Communes, p. 148, Opp. Omn. 1641). Erasmus seems to have interpreted these
criticisms as directed against liimself, supposing Melanchthon to have written
them because he had been irritated by the remarks about Luther and Amsdorf
in Ep. 2970. The present letter answers a letter, not extant, in which Erasmus
had conveyed these suspicions to Melanchthon. On receipt of Melanchthon's
letter 'There is nothing for it', Erasmus writes, 'but to ask pardon for my
suspicions' (Ep. 3127. 5).]
S.D. Etsi in proximis hteris mecum expostulas, tamen hoc gratum
fuit, quod suspicionem mihi tuam ipse significasti, idque interpretor
indicium esse singularis beneuolentiae, praesertim cum extent in
ipsis Hteris etiam quaedam non obscurae notae optimae erga me
5 voluntatis tuae. Quanquam autem satisfacere tibi cupio, tamen non
vtar longa purgatione ; nam pro tua excellenti prudentia in his hteris
facile perspicies animum meum, et humanitatem tuam esse tantam
statuo vt non difficulter sinas.
satisfieri tibi
Primum igitur ad te ipsum prouoco, qui, cum acutissime iudices,
10 facile potes existimare, quos in illo scripto Locorum saepius repre-
hendam. ov yap TJSofxaL ouSe arepyo) d/cy/JoAoyia^i^? Kal (ffopTiKcorepoi^
3120. 7. perspicies scripsimtts: prospicies ME.
hope of legitimate offspring was dis- 1536 an agreement was reached be-
appointed; and shortly before his tween the Pope and Charles' ministers,
deatli in 1538 he resigned his duchy to simimon the Covmcil to meet at
to William of Cleves the j^ounger (for Mantua on 23 May 1537 (see Pastor
whom see Ep. 2189 introd.). xi. 77 sq., 255-6).
3119. 34. Mantuae] On 24 April
—
3120] FROM PHILIP MELANCHTHON 323
nouis subinde rixis excitatis, iUi, vt ahud nihil dicam, longe ahter
affecti sunt quam ego sum aut quam postulat ecclesiae vtihtas. Quod
vero scepticos nomino, vides ipse quid dicam. In articuhs fidei, in 25
promissionibus et comminationibus requiro certam assensionem in ;
sistory ('in collegio Cardijiahum'), but that it was agreed to wait for his re-
in the sala paramentorum. Imme- tum 'ad v'igesimam istius rnensis' —
diately after the Speech ('ocyssime'), which, in the context, must mean
the Pope sent an envoy (apparently imtil 20 May. Up to 13 May, it would
thecardinalof Lorraine)totheFrench seem, the envoy had not retumed.
3121] FROM MARTIN SLAP 325
missus est ocyssime. Sed cum hec tantum subito quantum Gallorum
saeuissimus furor in Sabaudia iam inualescebat confici non poterant,
nec Imperatori voces miserorum hominum subsidium indies magis
ac magis inplorantium <non> obaudire licuit, id muneris itaque 20
Pontifici Cardinafibusque delegando, non expectato ab aduersario
responso, Mediolanum versus cum potentissimo exercitu Hyspanorum
decima octaua Aprifis discessit. Post dies tandem septem CardinaHs
Lothoringiae aduolauerat qui Regem nulhs condicionibus ad con-
:
32. Bononiam] This project is at- in Ep. 31 15. There had been a pre-
tested from other sources ; see Pastor vious gift of the same kind in Feb.
xi. 257. (see Ep. 3102. 18-22).
35. Moscos] See Epp. 3014. 72-4, 7. tricis litium] See Ep. 3068. 28n.
3020. 17-18, 3049. i79n.
326 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1536
and come back saying that Cognatus lias been too busy to write, but hopes to
visit Erasmus at Easter (Ep. 3095, cf. Ep. 31 15). On the day on which Erasmus
wrote this letter of remonstrance, 12 Feb., he performed another significant
—
act he made a new will, his last will, in which the name of Cognatus does not
appear. Fifteen days later he received a letter (not extant) from Cognatus,
written on 18 Feb., answering, not Erasmus' letter of 12 Feb., but, apparently,
the letter of 27 Jan. (see Ep. 3104). This letter he answered on 11 March, by
a letter in which, expressing the wish that Cognatus should return to his
service, he hints that, under those changed circiunstances, he will remember
Cognatus in his will (Ep. 3104. 25-33). Oj^ ^4 Feb. Cognatus wrote to Boniface
Amerbach for adv-ice: he has, he says, 'not j'et accepted the bridle' (i.e. not
yet bound himself to Nozeroy) (Basle MS. Ki. Ar. i8a. 139). The letter was
written before the receipt of Ep. 3104, which was not delivered until 5 April
(see Ep. 31 15. 6). On 7 May he wrote to Erasmus, sending Annotations on
the Adagia, Ep. 31 18. This letter concludes with the sentence 'Vale, et me ad
Calendas Octobreis expecta'. The question of his return to Basle seems, in
fact, settled. It was settled, we must suppose, not by correspondence (there
are no other letters, except the present letter), but by interview. From the
present letter we learn that Cognatus had, in fact, at a date which must lie
between 11 March (Ep. 3104) and 7 May (Ep. 31 18), visited Erasmus in Basle.
Ep. 3115 suggests that the visit took place at Easter (Easter Day in this year
fell on 16 April). On 17 May Erasmus wrote to Bonvalot, soliciting his good
offices in the matter of Cognatus' retm-n to Basle. It seems likely that by the
same post he transmitted the letter which our present letter answers. Even so,
all difiiculties about returning to Basle were not solved. Despite the postscript
to his letter of 7 May (Ep. 3118), Cognatus was still irresolute. 'What may I
not hope for here in Nozeroy ?' he asks. 'And how much there is to fear in
Basle! 'I cannot deny', he adds, 'that I feel a strong affection for my native
'
country to his native coimtry a man owes his first duty' (11. 51—7). The last
;
paragraphs of his letter express concern for Erasmus' health, and do not
entirely conceal Cognatus' interest in the terms of Erasmus' will (11. 97-100).]
natus uses the variant name tttcoxotv- le Clerq as dean later he became
;
pavvoi for them in writing to Richardot official of Besangon, and died 2 Aug.
(Cog. E. i. 300). 1547 (Cog. E. i. 332).
20. Comici] Terence, And. 69 ; see
328 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1536
facundia.
50 De rebus meis quid praeterea scribam, non liquet. In triuio, vt
ingenue fatear, sum consiHi. Quid hic non sperandum, quid istic non
metuendum ? Quid porro vtrobique est sani ?
IHacos intra muros peccatur, et extra.
Equidem, vt quid faciendum censeam nihil dum mecum statui, ita
55 ad patriam me bene animatum esse negare non possum, vt cui primae
debentur: si modo Platoni credimus, non nos solum nobis, sed et
patriae natos docenti.
Quid audio ? Scahger et Curtius furiis agitati, rm-sus nescio quid
suppurati in te animi euomuere ? Horum nugas tuae prudentiae erit,
60 vti facis, contemnere nec hos Hermodoros immortaUtati trades qui,
:
leyt begraven Heer Adolf van der Noot, Riddere, Doctoor in beyde de Rechten,
eerst Cancellier, ende naermaels Stadthouder der Leenen in Brabant, die sterft
op den lesten dagh van Meert 1543, naer Paesschen.'
Ep. 31 II, printed in this volume for the first tune, was, no doubt, unknown
to Merula whose suggestion that the present letter was addressed to Valdes
;
'
—
may be disregarded Alfonso Vakles had died in 1532 and there is nothing to ;
Oottlichen Wortes auffdes Jahr 17 ig. Leipzig, J. F. Braun. S. Hess who printed
the letter in Erasmus v. Rotterdam ii. 606, Zurich, 1790, gives it as 'ex autogr.'
which P. S. AUen took to Lndicate that Hess' source was the Vnschuldige
Nachrichten. The letter was also printed (together with Ep. 3112), ante 1725,
in Das Geldhrte Preusse?i, iv. 50—1 it was from this source that Miaskowski
:
printed it in the Paderborn Jb. f. Philosophie xv, 1901, p. 354. Das Geldhrte
Pre2issen has the following introductory note: 'Quod vero ad Erasmura, Hcet
quomodo et in qua causa contra Pontificiormn obtrectationes Tidemannus eiun
defenderit, perspectum mihi non sit, reperi tamen in splendida Beati Caroh
Ernesti Baueri PraeCons. quondam vrbis Gedanensis meritissimi bibhotheca
Epistolam Tidemarmi M[CjS. vna cmn responsione Erasmi iamiam mori-
bundi, ex qua, quantas inuicem araicitias coluerint, coniicere facile est.' The
note does not make it clear whether the mss. spoken of were autographs or
—
copies only of Ep. 3112 has the original survived.]
5 sine quibus mihi vita foret iniucunda, etiamsi recte valerem. Quare,
vir humanissime, si nullam accipis excusationem, saltem veniam
dabis morienti.
Vale. Basileae sexto die lunii anno mdxxxvi.
Erasmus Rot. tuus aegra manu.
[o Ornatissimo viro D. Tidemanno Gisio, in Prussia.
veram a. 36. j8: isthic excussuma. 37. inscio /3 nescio a. 37—8. est :
55 Haec effudi in sinum tuum, quem scio non discingi temere. Eberardum
generosae indohs iuuenem vidi hbenter.
Vale. Basilea. 6. die lunii anno 1536.
Erasmus Rot.
Viro pio iuxta ac docto Phihppo Melanchthoni.
42. nominis a: hominis j8. 43. Ex a: et jS. 44. j8: est ausus a.
/3:habenta. 45. jS: Cuchiimi denostro vicarioruma. 45-6- feriantur
scripsimus feriimtura: fruuntur /3.
: 46. CataTmus scripsimus Chatere- :
mus a: Catheronus j3: Catherinus y. Lutetiae ^: om. a. 47. /3: sed latet
in me vicium virulente a. 50. e ^: ex a. 51. hauserint a: hauserit j3.
53. )3: lapidarentur a. 54. j3: praecipit a. 55. j8: distringi a.
j3: Eberhardum a. 57. anno j3: om. a. 58. j3: Tuus Erasmus
Roterodamus a.
anchora et e buona persona' (Sette it almost certain that the book was
—
Libri di Cataloghi, p. 450 the book that called by Erasmus and by Cog-
appeared in 1552). Another of natus Bellum Ciuile inter Ciceronianos
Merula's teachers was Dominicus et Erasmicos (see Ep. 3019. 46^). That
Maccaneus from whom he, no doubt,
; the book ever reached print seems
derived his special interest in archaeo- xmhkely. See, in addition to Cotta's
logy and topography. He taught at book, Argelati, Bibliotheca Scriptorum
Milan, Vigevano, and Abbiategrasso ;
Mediolanensium, II. 2132-4; Tira-
among his Milanese pupils was Fran- boschi, VII. iii. 1290-1.
cis, later Cardinal, Alciati. Andrew 46. Catarinus] Lancellotto de'
Alciati, Erasmus' correspondent, and Politi, who adopted the name Ambro-
a relative of the Cardinal, spoke of sius Catarinus; see Ep. 1275. ^Sn.
him as 'summus antiquarius'. The 52. vocem] 2 Sam. 16. 11-12.
work on which his fame rested, the 55. Eberardum] See Ep. 31 12.
De Oallorum Cisalpinorum antiquitate introd., aogn.
:
3128] 335
by Beatus Rhenanus, who in his dedicatory letter copied the titles here given
to the archbishop word for word see vol. i, p. 53.]
;
bene mereri, quanto magis tibi viuo vel seni debeam gratificarier ?
Tuus sum, quantus quantus sum, et tuus ero, quoad vixero.
Feliciter vale. Ex Augusta xxv die lunii Anno mdxxxvi. 15
Tuus ex animo loannes Paungartnerus a Paungarten.
<Theologorum> Omnium facile Principi, ac Bona<rum Litterarum
In>stauratori, Domino D. <Erasmo Rot.> Domino suo Honorandis-
simo.
3132] 339
iS^a (vol. iii, p. xxix); 447 rntrod. mar seems to require quae com- . . .
3133] 341
biirg, Munich, Vienna. In one of the Gotha copies (e), the name of the writer
is given as Henry Stromer, senior that of the person addressed as Spalatinus
;
(for Stromer, and for other letters addressed by him to Spalatinus, see Ep. 578
introd.). The other Gotha copy, and the Hambm-g copy, agree with e in giving
the name of the person addressed as Spalatinus, but the Hambiu-g copy does
not indicate the name of the writer nor does the Vienna copy. In the earUer
;
Gotha copy (S) the writer is said to be 'Doctor Amerbachius senior' but this ;
—
attribution may be confidently dismissed Amerbach carmot be supposed to
have seen Erasmus' hbrary twice only, nor did he need Froben to tell him of
the agreement with Lasky about the books in it (see 11. 12-14). Nor, yet again,
would he have written the third sentence of our letter. The letter may be
regarded as in the nattu^e of a circular, carrying the news of Erasmus' death to
Cochlaeus, Spalatinus, and other friends. That it was composed by Stromer
seems likely P. S. Allen noted that in the Library of Zwickau there is preserved
;
a nnnour of Erasmus' death, but does not know whether to credit it he has ;
bis facta est, legauit praesuli cuidam amplissimo cui id ante aliquot
annos, vt mihi dixit Frobenius, promiserat. Reliquit aureorum et
argenteorum poculorum fere regium apparatum, ad haec numis- 15
matum aureorum, quorum aliqua viginti, aliqua decem, aHqua tres
ducatos valent, non minimum aceruum.
Totus erat, omnium vir doctissimus, in restituendo Graeco Origine
cui sic erat, iam iam morbi vi quam maxime vrgente, addictus, vt ab
illo non citius discesserit quam mors ipsa e manibus scribentis 20
calamum extorserit. Vltima verba, quibus iterum atque iterum
repetitis ac magnis suspiriis ( vt animum vere Christianum agnosceres)
aeditis, terram reliquit lesu, fili Dei, miserere mei, misericordias
:
13. bis facta est a: hic est facta y. cuidam y: cuipiam ajSe. ante
aliquod a: aliquot ante y. 14. dicit e: dixit, Frobenius /3. I4-I5-
argenteorimi et aureorima y. 16. aliqua e: aliqui a. aliqui tres] tres a:
aliqua centum e: om. |3y (aliqua ante tres nos suppleuimus). 17. minimum
a;Sy: vulgarem e. acerutma reliquit y. 18. omniima (omniam ? a) ae: iam^y
(erat iam y). 19. iam iam a/3y: etiam e. morbi vi a: vi morbi ^e: morbi
violentia y. quam ajSy: iam quam e.virgente a. 22. agnosceres /3e:
cognosceres ay. 23. reliquentem y. pos< reliquit /ia6en< haec fuerxmt jSye.
lesu a|3y: lesu Christe e. 24. et aj8y: ac e. 25. magnifica et honorifica y.
26. ritum y. 29. virtutum y. 30-1. Posi gratificati simt /ia6ef Dat8ie
BasQeae a° salutis inclytae m.d.xxxvi j3: Vale y: Ex Basilea xi lulii. Anno
Christianonma m.d.xxxvi. Stromerus sen e. 32. D. loanni Cochleo
Theologo Canonico Mysnensi a: Georgio Spalatino e: Doctor Amerbachius
senior Domino Georgio Spalatino de morte Erasmi Roterodami 8: Epistola
Basilea missa[m] in mortem D. Erasmi Roterodami ^: Epistola a Basilea
. . .
13. praesuli] John Lasky. For the arbitror te quae scire cupiuisti ex
contract with Lasky, see Ep. 2780. ^n. <fratre tuo> cognouisse. Ex diuturno
18. Origine] The book was pub- autem morbo nunc mehuscule valet,
hshed in September, in two foKo neque tamen eum quicquam com-
volumes: Origenis Adamantii opera, mentari audio. Sed H. Frobenius
D. Erasmipartim
latine, studio et labore scribit eum tottun esse in Origene, qui
versa,partim recognita (Basle, Froben proximis nundinis emendatus exibit.'
& Episcopius). In Gabbema, p. 533, See also Amerbach's letter to Paun»
Ep. 211 is aletter of VigHus to Auso- gartner in Catalogi Duo, 1537 (Ep.
nius Hoxvirius, in which Viglius 3141- 191-2): 'nec vUus morienti
speaks much as Stromer here of superfuit ingenii foetus posthumus
Erasmus' preoccupation with Origen quam Origenis recognitio, cui im-
during his last days: 'De Erasmo mortuus est.'
344 LETTERS OF ERASMUS [1536
August 1536. I
[An original letter, from the N6ve coUection, written and signed by the
secretary who wrote also Ep. 3128. It was printed by P. F. X. de Ram in
Bulletin de VAcademie royale des sciences et belles-lettres de Bruxelles ix. i, 1842,
pp. 472-3 ; see Appendix xvii.]
S. D. P.
3136. 10. Literas] Ep. 3128. 18. aitmt] See Adag. iioi.
. 346 LETTERS OF ERASMTJS [1536
parte actum sit, eum ignorare puto. Sed res sic se habet. lustus, quum
nuper in quodam praedio suo, quod circiter septem dierum iter a
nobis situm est, animi causa degeret, ac illinc ad pagum proximum,
visendae aereae secturae gratia, processisset, a quodam declarato
35 Regni Poloniae hoste, qui tum temporis ahquot praedonum manu
stipatus ilJi insidias struxerat, captus est. Sed lusto, vt nos iam
certo inteUeximus, ex hoc casu nihil pericuh damniue amphus im-
minet. Nam
hostis ipse illum haud grauate suis est restituturus,
dummodo ipsi damna a ditionis Polonicae hominibus illata resarcita
40 vtcunque fuerint. Et haec quidem de lusto tibi significare volui, vel
ob eam rem in primis, ne quis postea ad te scribens rem vltra veri-
tatem exaggerando te ob amici calamitatem plus iusto commotum
redderet. Quicquid vero deinceps eueniet, id tibi suo tempore ordine
describam nunc saltem hoc praecatus, vt me, prout cepisti, in
;
fuero.
Vale, optime Erasme, Londini xxiu Septembris m.d.xxxvi.
Tuus ex animo quicquid est 20
Eustachius Chapuysius.
Honestissimo ac integerrime fidei viro Erasmo <S>cheto. Anduer-
piae.
Interea non defuerunt qui tam raris viri dotibus plurimum deferen- 50
dum censuerunt, iique non plebeii ordinis homines, sed orbis monar-
chae, non vulgariter eruditi, sed rei hterariae nostra aetate principes.
Quippe Inuictiss. Carolo Aug. a consihis fuit Sereniss. Caes. Ferdi-
;
his duobus Elenchis adnotatos inuenies quorum non aha fuit denuo 140
;
volo, ne calumniatorum malitia vel apud pios male audire pergat »le
pietate optime meritus, vel aliud viuens aliud moriens docuisse
videatur, a quo fuit alienissimus. Nec vero me latet rumorem vanum 185
APPENDIX XXIV
THE SPURIOUS LETTER TO PETER CURSIUS
MS. Gud. Lat. 4317 (45) : P. Burmann, Marquardi Freiburg.
Gudii . Epistolae 1697, P- 148 («)•
. . 6 January 1535.
Vita Erasmi p. 124 (O^).
O^. p. 266: Lond. XXX. 68: LB. 1276.
[The letter was first printed by Merula (O^) and from Merula derive all later
;
texts with the exception of that of Burmann. Burmann's text is taken from
a Ms. copy preserved in the Ducal Library at Wolfenbuttel, Gud. Lat. 4317
(see Handschriften der Herzogl. Bibliothek zu WolfenhiXttel, Abth. 4, p. 83 the ;
cient, without the evidence of the Responsio, to show that the letter was merely
a skit. Li the Responsio (Ep. 3032 575-86), Erasmus gives this detailed accoimt
.
of the letter
'Addidertmt aliud lusus genus. Finxerunt prolixam epistolam velut a me
scriptam ad Petrvun Cursium, plenam scm-rilibus ineptiis, eamque multis
exemplaribus per vrbem sparserimt, affingentes id ita me fieri iussisse imitati:
sunt manum meam, atque etiam phrasim. In ea facitmt Erasmiun hoc suppli-
citer agentem cvun Ciu-sio, vt premat suam apologiam, me proxima aeditione
castigaturum ea quibus offenditur. Sensit Cursius fucum, sed in hoc errat, quod
existimat eam Epistolam a Caluo quodam amico confictam in rem meam, quum
ipsa res loquatm- ab inimicis confictam, et (ni fallor) ab iisdem qui Cursiima
ad hoc argvunentum excitarunt. Festiuus vero lusus effingere manum alienam,
et alieno nomine quicquid libet in vulgus spargere!'
—
That the letter circulated in Rome that there were 'multa exemplaria' of
—
it there is no reason to doubt that the script of it, as delivered to Ctusius,
;
tuam manum male est imitatus et literas, quas abs te ad me dari finxit, vanas
barbaras ac sibi repugnantes dedit quibus homo caUidus cum callidis qui-
;
'
'
; —
compotores its alternative uses for quenching honest thirst or as a 'pharma-
cum aduersus calcukmi the printers' errors the comphments to Sepulveda
' : ;
—
and Eugubinus all these make admirable fooling. Erasmus supposes, indeed,
that the people in Rome who read this parody took it as a genuine letter
there were people who took Reynolds' Peter Bell for a genuine poem of
Wordsworth. But to suppose this true of many persons would mean that the
joke missed fire. Nobody in Rome who was not very duU supposed Erasmus
likely to send compliments to Sepulveda and Eugubinus with both of them —
(they were in Rome at the time) his relations were imderstood to be the least
frieiidly conceivable. Merula, however, who included the letter in his collection,
must have supposed it to have been written by Erasmus he must have over- ;
looked, not only the Defensio, but what Erasmus himself says in the Responsio.']
Romanus a. T T O: H a.
2. 6. Christiana concordia a.
7. quendam a: quaerendam O Lond. LB. 15. nos a: 07n. Lond. LB.
iS. quod O: quam a. 20. vsquam 0- a: vsque O^. 21. modestiae a:
molestiae cett. libri.
Sed vnum tamen hoc praeterire non possum, quod aureum poculum
artificiosissime caelatum,quod tum congerronibus suis forte ostenta-
bat, transmitti ad me, veluti ixi^/jioavvov animi erga me sui, voluerit,
vt declararet gratam sibi fuisse sollicitudinem meam. Quo ego pro- 25
fecto ita fui ob Phidiacum plane artificium delectatus vt professus
sim inter doctissimos et scitissimos compotores meos qui tum aderant
(inter quos fuit B. Rhenanus, et Henricus Glareanus hic Poeticae, ;
quae bibax esse solet, ille Historiae deditus), me non aUo poculo vel
pharmacum aduersus calculum vel ad extinguendam sitim Hquorem 30
sumpturum esse. Nam operculum, quod paulo infra crepidinem
Aesculapium tornatilem habebat medicinae propinandae fabre-
factum data opera videbatur cyathus ipse non mediocris capacitatis
:
mente illa vsam eam semper fuisse quae talem foeminam deceret.
Vnde scelestus ille animaduertens sibi vindictae occasionem oblatam
esse, ex mente illa mentula fecit itaque vohimina mille fuere im-
;
APPENDIX XXV
ERASMUS' LAST WILL.
Basle MS. AN. III. 15. 96. Basle.
Q. p. 121. 12 February 1536.
[An original document, autograph throughout: reproduced in facsimile by
U
Mareo Besso, Encomium Morias di Erasmo di Rotterdam, Rome, 1918, Docu-
menti vi, and, again, by Daniel van Damme, lEphemeride illustree de la Vie
d^lSrasme, Anderlecht, 1936, p. 61. There is a copy by a secretary in the
CopenhagenMS. G. K. S. 95 Fol., f. 253. The willwasprintedinQ,andhasbeen
several times reprinted, e.g. by J. B. Kan (Erasmiana, 1881) and by E. Major
(Eras?niis von Rotterdam, 1927).
Erasmus began to think of making his will in 1518 (Ep. 860. 9-10). But his
first will was in fact executed in 1527: see Appendix xix. On 26 Nov. 1533 he
made and signed in his home at Freiburg a second will. This has not sm-vived
but it was attested by the Freiburg notary, Mathias Rasch Lsninus, whose attes-
tation is preserved in Basle MS. Erasmuslade 10. For Erasmus' preoccupation
with the subject of his will, at various dates, see Ep. 2754. jn, which shoiild,
however, be corrected from the evidence of the Basle MS.
Between the provisions of this last wUl and those of 1527 the most notable
differences are the following:
(i) The will of 1527 provided elaborately for the publication of the Opera
Omnia in the present will this project is dropped. See Appendix xix. 43^.
(2) Of the 1527 will Erasmus appointed three executors —-Basil Amerbach,
;
Jerome Froben, and Beatus Rhenanus. Basil Amerbach had died in 1535 and ;
of the present will Erasmus was content to appoint only two executors, retain-
ing Froben, but substituting for Beatus Rhenanus Froben's partner Episcopius.
(3) The names of two legatees of the 1527 will are not found in that of 1536
Botzheim and Glareanus. Botzheun had died. But Glareanus was still living
in Freiburg; and his exclusion from the will of 1536 is significant. (Amerbach
compensated him for his disappointment by presenting him with a sUver cup
see Schreiber, H. L. Glareanus, p. 80.) Nine persons not named in the will of
1527 receive bequests imder that of 1536: Viterius, Montanus, Lambert
Coomans, John Brisgoicus (Erasmus' confessor), Paul Volz, Jolm Erasmius
Froben, Jerome Froben's wife, Episcopius and his wife. Quittanees from
various legatees (Goelenius, John Brisgoicus, Paul Volz, Lambert Coomans,
Beatus Rhenanus, Gelenius) are preserved in Basle MS. C. VI^. 71, pp. 74, 75,
78, 89, 93, 94. The bequest to Ber is acknowledged in a letter of 15 Aug. 1536
preserved in Basle MS. Ki. Ar. 18*. 47.
(4) In the will of 1527 there are only two monetary bequests (to Glareanus
and Quirinus). In the 1536 will Viterius, Montanus, Coomans, Gelenius (all
poor men), and Volz, receive bequests of money and to Boniface is left
;
in Gedenkschrift zum 400. Todestage des Erasmus von Rotter am, Basle, 1936,
p. 283). Erasmus' total monies, accordingly, amounted at his death to some
;
8,000 florins. To this sum must be added the value, not easily assessed, of the
many cups, rings, &c. ('poculorum aut anulorum aut rerum similium'), and
medals and coins in his possession.
This must be accounted wealth. The love of wealth was made a reproach to
Erasmus by a good many of his contemporaries. He essayed a formal answer
to the reproach in 1523, when he addressed to Botzheim the Catalogus Omnium
Erasmi Lucubrationum (vol. i, pp. 1-46). There he puts his 'annui reditus
stati' at rather more than 400 gold florms; an income which he considers
—
inadequate at any rate, it is less than he spends. He is writing from Basle.
The move to Basle had cost him the pension which he received from the
Emperor. Five years earher he had spoken of himself as enjoying an income
of more than 300 ducats (i.q. 600 florins), not reckoning what he received from
the munificence of his patrons, and from the sale of his books ('quae ex Moece-
natum hberahtate meisque laboribus accedunt', Ep. 800. 30 sqq.). In the same
year, 1518, he wrote that, if he could get another 100 marks, which the King
of England offers, he would be well content ('non ambirem amphus': Ep. 886.
49—50). The sum desiderated would have brought his total income to well
over 900 florins (literary earnings and gifts from patrons not included). Cer-
tainly, he never learned to live cheaply. In 1516 he provided against the cold
of winter by spending, on clothes alone, above 400 florins
' '
—more than the
total of his fixed income in 1523 facing light-heartedly the danger, as he tells
:
plures ambiimt' (Ep. 836. 8). The Dole professorship of law was a little less
well paid, 300 francs, equivalent to about 1 20 florins, though, to secure Boniface
Amerbach, the vmiversity was prepared to double the stipend (Ep. 2631. 5on).
Sucquet, teaching in Turin, got 100 crowns, about 120 florins (Ep. 2631. 61).
Viglius was offered, in France, iio crowns (VZE. p. 103). Some of these posts
were flUed, of course, by yomig and untried men. But at Ingolstadt Reuchlin's
salary was 200 florins (Ep. 1129. 4). Bombasius, in Rome, acting as secretary
to Cardinal Pucci, made 400 florins a year as a professor he could not, he tells
;
was devoted to the assistance of poor persons. For the history of these trusts
see the paper of Carl Roth mentioned above from which it would appear that
;
the University of Basle still has 'Erasmus Scholarships'. The monies left by
Erasmus in Brabant were, it is believed, ultimately distributed to the poor
(see Appendix xxiii, p. 408 where, however, Opmeer's ducats must be florins).]
:
20 summam numeraro,
aureos, nisi ego viuus ei hanc
D. loanni Brisgoo lagenam argenteam,
D. Paulo Volzio florenos aureos centum,
Sigis. Gelenio ducatos centum et quinquaginta,
loamii Erasmio Frobenio duos anulos, quorum alter non habet
25 gemmam, alter gemmam subuiridem GaUis dictam turcois.
Hieronymo Frobenio lego omnes vestes meas omnemque supeUe-
ctilem laneam, hneam et Ugneam praeterea poculum quod habet
;
6. haeredem] The meaning of the the contract but suggests that Lasky,
;
39. syngrapham] See Ep. 2855 florins (see Carl Roth, Das Legatum
introd. Of the sum assigned to him Erasmianum, op. cit., p. 283).
(the third part of 1,600 florins) Amer- 44. Goclenium] See Appendix xxiii.
bach refused to aceept more than 200
1 );
APPENDIX XXVI
LETTER TO PETER PALUDANUS.
Breuissima Maximeque Compendiaria conficiendarum epistolarum
formula, per Erasmmn Roterodamum, Antwerp, M. Hillen, 152
(a).
Des. Eras. Rot. aliquot epistolae, studiosis iuuenibus admodum
vtiles, Paris, Colinaeus, 1531 (^).
Vives, De Conscrib. epistolis Libellus vere aureus, Basle, Platter &
Lasius, 1536 (y).
Breuissima maximeque compendiaria Conficiendarum Epistolarum
formula, Cracow, Matthias Scharffenberger, 1537 (8).
[In 1521 J. Siberch printed at Cambridge an unauthorized version of the
De Conscribendis Epistolis, with a prefatory letter (Ep. 71) addressed by
Erasmus to Robert Fisher. In the same year Erasmus, in the Preface to the
Progymnasmata (Ep. 1193), complains of the pubhcation of an unauthorized
version of a different work, the Breuissima maximeque compendiaria con-
ficiendarum Epistolarum formula (to which he gives, cafelessly, the title De
ratione conscribendi epistolas). To this pirated Formula the printer ( nescioquis '
'
had prefixed the Letter to Peter Paludanus here reproduced. Three editions
of the Formula appeared in 1520. Of none of these have we been able to see
a copy. But the treatise was printed in July 1521 by M. Hillen at Antwerp;
and Hillen's booklet fumishes the earhest text available to us of the Letter to
Paludanus. With it we have collated the text of two later editions of the
Formula, the Basle edition of 1536 (appended to Vives' De Conscribendis
Epistolis) and the Cracow edition of 1537. Outside the editions of the Formula,
the Letter to Paludanus is foimd in the volume Des. Eras. Rot. breuiores aliquot
epistolae, studiosis iuuenibus admodum vtiles, Paris, S. Colinaeus, 1524, 1531
we have seen only the 1531 edition, and have recorded here its variants. The
Letter to Paludanus is no more, in fact, than a free rewriting of the letter to
Robert Fisher (Ep. 71). Its last two sentences are an independent addition,
and the sentence preceding these abbreviates and mutilates two sentences of
the Fisher letter; otherwise, the two letters differ in httle else than the name
of the person addressed. In Ep. 3100 Erasmus speaks of the Paludanus letter
as of something which he has seen only recently, in an edition printed at Lj^ons.
No Lyons edition of the Formula is recorded. At Lyons, however, Gryphius
pubhshed during Erasmus' lifetime at least four editions of the De Conscribendis
Epistolis —
one of them in 1536. We have not been able to examine any of these
except that of 1531 (not recorded in BEr.^) but it is conceivable that one or
;
other of them may, hke the Strasbourg edition of 1534 (BEr.^ p. 54), have
contained both the De Conscribendis Epistolis and the Formula (with the
Paludanus letter). It is interesting to note that in Ep. 3100 Erasmus speaks of
the Formula imder the title De Componendis Epistolis we have noted the same
;
Phil. Mont. S.D.'. The new heading suggests two things: (i) that Episcopius
was aware that the P. M. of the letter as printed in 1535 was Phihp Montanus
(for whom see Ep. 2065 introd.) (2) that he had reason to suppose that GUbertus
;
Cognatus was in some way concemed with the Froben edition of 1535 (LB.,
reprinting the 1563 version, has Gnlielmus Cognatus for G. Cognatus, by what
would seem to be a mere oversight of the press). It is hkely that Cognatus,
perhaps imder Erasmus' direction, prepared the Basle edition of 1535 in the ;
earher portion of the letter some of the details not found in the scheda apud
Parisios iactata (see 11. 2i2-i3)mayhavebeen suppUedby him; nor is it difficult
to believe that he had a hand in the composition of the concluding portion
—
of the letter the style is not unlike his, and some of the reflections are a degree
banal. Leclerc, while doubting the ascription to Erasmus, yet included it
among his Epistolae, and gave as his reason for doing so: 'quicimque vero
auctor sit, elegans sane est et lege meretiu", duorum Angliae celeberrimonma
virormn obitus enarrans'. Of the original author, we know certainly no more
than that he bore the initials P. M., that he wrote from Paris, that he had been
in Englaiid with Campegio, and that he was personally acquainted with More.
He may perhaps have been Montanus. Of the friend whom he addresses, Caspar
Agrip<pinus), we know no more than can be inferred from the penultimate
sentence of the letter in which P. M. asks for some accotmt of the activities of
;
John of Leiden ('Rex Sion'): the request suggests that Agrip<pinus> belonged
to, and was stationed in, some region of Germany not remote from Munster.
The letter falls into three parts:
(i) An accoimt of the trial and death of More, 11. 29-211. Tliis account is
derived, confessedly (11. i i-i 3 and 212-13), from the Paris News Letter (printed by
Miss E. V. Hitchcock in her edition of Harpsfield's Life of More, pp. 258-66 cf. ;
Brewer viii. 1096). Miss Hitchcock supposes the Latin to be (except for 11. 1-29,
which are introductory and independent, and for one or two small additions
and omissions made by the translator) a direct translation from the French.
But the error Killim, for Guilty (1. 130), suggests connexion with the German
—
translation in which the same error appears. (The error is fotmd in none of the
French versions, though one of them has Gilley.) The translator professes
ignorance of the authorship of the News Letter.
(For a different Latin translation of the News Letter, with a different title,
see MHL. iv. 489-90.)
(2) An account of the death of Fisher and the Carthusians, 11. 212-86. The
writer tells us that this part of his narrative is derived partim ex amicorum
'
must bring to Erasmus he deprecates the stubborn attitude of More and Fisher,
;
and makes faint apologies for Henry viii. The poor quaUty of this part of the
letter makes it surprising that it should at any time have been attributed, as it
was early (e.g. Bl. E. 646), and has been in recent times, to Erasmus himself.]
THE EXPOSITIO FIDELIS 369
P. M. CASPABI AGRIP. S. D.
pro ista vestra amica erga me voluntate: tantum illud oro Deum
omnipotentem, confirmare dignetur me in hac qua nunc sum senten-
tia, vt in ea perseuerem vsque ad mortem. Caeterum quum reputo
quam prohxi quamque graues articuH sint, quibus oneror, vereor ne 45
mihi nec ingenium suppetat, nec memoria, nec oratio, quae sufiiciat
ad respondendum omnibus, praesertim quum in carcere tam diu
TIT. a: G. COVBINVS NVCERINVS PHIL. MONT. S. D. /3: GVXIELMVS COVRINVS
NVCERiNVS PHiLiPPO MONTANO s. D. LB. 45. sunt <x: correximtcs.
4R2.n Bb
370 APPEXDIX XXVII
fuerim detentus, in quo graui aegrotatione contraxi corporis debili-
tatem, quae me nunc etiam habet.
50 Tum iussu ludicum allata est sella, in qua sederet. Vbi consedisset,
prosequutus est institutum sermonem hunc in modum. Quod ad
primum attinet articulum, qui conatur ostendere meam in Regem
maleuolentiam in negotio posterioris matrimonii, confiteor ingenue,
me semper restitisse Ulius serenissimae Maiestati. Nec est animus
55 super hoc negotio quicquam aliud dicere, quam quod hactenus
semper dixi, ad hoc vrgente me conscientia: per quam vt non de-
bebam, ita nec volebam Principem meum caelare veritatem. Nec
hic est vUa proditio quae intenditur; quin potius, ni id fecissem,
praesertim in re tanti momenti, vnde pendebat mea sententia, et
60 Principis honos, et regni tranc{uillitas, tum vere fuissem, quod nunc
obiicitur, maleuolus, perfidus ac proditor. Ob hoc delictum (si modo
dehctum appellandum est) grauissimas dedi poenas, exutus onmibus
facultatibus meis, ac perpetuo addictus carceri, in quo menses iam
quindecim totos fui detentus. Sed his omissis tantum ad ea respon-
65 debo, quae sunt huius negotii praecipua. Quod obucitm", me incur-
risse in poenam violatae constitutionis, quae proximo consiHo prodita
est, me iam in carcere agente quasi mahtioso animo, perfidiose, ac
;
edictum, quahs est gladius vtrinque incidens, quo pacto posset quis
euitare, quin in alterum incideret pericuhmi ? Haec mea fuit oratio.
Quomodo responderit Episcopus, nescio: si iUius oratio cum mea
congruebat, id nequaquam accidit ex conspiratione, sed potius ex
ingenionmi ac doctrinae simihtudine. Breuiter illud pro certo habe- 120
:
res, seu fama, quum vulgo increbuisset, sublatum est atque abditum.
280 Populus enim credulus saepe leui quapiam occasione turbas ingentes
excitat. At veriti ne idem eueniret in capite Mori, priusquam ex-
poneretur, aqua feruenti decoctum est, quo plus haberet horroris.
Haec aHaque multa his similia perscribuntur e Flandria Britannis
viciniore: penes aHos sit fides. Vtinam huc peruenissent acta
285 RoflFensis, quemadmodum acta Mori peruenerunt.
Ex Mori responsis facile Hquet lUum destinasse mori citius quam
suae sententiae canere paHnodiam. Quo animo videntur omnes fuisse
qui ante Morum extincti sunt. Morum ac Roffensem et illud mouit,
opinor, quod qui bene natos, laute educatos, in honore habitos, in
290 carcere detinet, non dat vitam, sed longiorem et acerbiorem mortem.
Ego si Regi fuissem in consiHo, pro mea stultitia conatus fuissem Uli
persuadere, vt pro sua soHta clementia caeterisque virtutibus, per
quas nomen ipsius hactenus erat apud omnes nationes gratiosum et
amabile, ab ilHs Britanniae luminibus totique orbi notis abstineret,
295 aut certe poena mitiore contentus esset. Rursus, si qui perierunt, me
adhibuissent in consiHum, suasissem, ne se irruenti proceUae palam
opponerent. Violenta res ira Regum, cui si incommode resistas,
268. aj8: trahaue LB. 291. illi aj3: om. LB.
THE EXPOSITIO FIDELIS 375
355 Thomas, in concione nihil aHud dixerant, nisi Deum orandum esse
vt regi inspiraret bonum consihum. Quae apud populum dicuntur,
ad seditionem spectant: et hi dehquerant aduersus regis edictum.
Rex tamen nihil ahud quam vertere solum iussit, nec quicquam
ademit facultatum at idem negotio quod agebat confecto reuocabat
:
360 eos. Hac moderatione rex iUe et suo consuluit instituto et grauem
inuidiam euitauit, quod vterque esset theologus, vterque sanctitatis
opinione commendatus. At Thomae Mori mortem deplorant et ii
quorum instituto pro viribus aduersabatur. Tantus erat hominis in
omnes candor, tanta comitas, tantaque benignitas. Quem ille vel
365 mediocriter eruditum ab se dimisit indonatum ? Aut quis fuit tam
ahenus, de quo non studuerit bene mereri? Multi non fauent nisi
suis, Galh GaUis, Germani Germanis, Scoti Scotis at iUe in Hybernos,
;
The
survival of a collection of books made by a contemporary of
Erasmus is sufficiently uncommon to be worthy of record. There
are in the Hbrary of New College, Oxford, eighteen volumes, contain-
ing twenty-five printed works, which once belonged to Christopher de
LongueQ (Longohus).
In the Benefactors' Book of New College Library, which was begun
in the second half of the seventeenth century, Longolius is credited
under the year 1550 witli having presented eight volumes to the
college.' This entry is clearly erroneous, as LongoHus died in 1522.
A subsequent entry under the year 1557 credits LongoHus' friend
and patron, Cardinal Pole, with a gift of manuscripts and books.^
There are no grounds for beheving that such manuscripts and
books from the CardinaFs Hbrary as the CoUege possesses were
presented by the Cardinal himself. Both entries are completely
misleading. The first compiler of the Benefactors' Book endeavoured
to draw up a record of the gifts of manuscripts and printed books
made to the Hbrary of the College since its foundation, and for this
purpose searched for evidence of former ownership in the volumes
already possessed by the Hbrary. In this search he went astray.
The actual provenance of the collection of LongoHus' books now
in New College Library is sufficiently evident. In Cardinal Pole's
edition of his friend's letters there is printed one from LongoHus to
Pole, dated 20 Aug. 1522, in which LongoHus, writmg from Pole'8
lodgings in Padua, teUs Pole, who had gone to Venice to meet
Richard Pace on his arrival from England as ambassador, that he
had faUen seriously iU and felt sure that he had not long to Hve.
He expressed satisfaction that, on the eve of Pole setting out for
Venice, he had shown him his coUection of books and had asked
him to accept them as a token of their friendship, if any fataHty
should overtake him. Pole returned in haste to Padua and remained
with LongoHus untU his death three weeks later.^
Having passed into Pole's possession Longolius' books were
brought to England and during the CardinaUs life-time remained
incorporated in his Hbrary. Under his wiU made at Lambeth on
4 Oct. 1558, during his last Ulness, he entrusted the disposal of his
property to Alvise PriuH, Bishop-designate of Brescia, a Venetian
patrician, whom he appointed sole executor of his wiU.'^ PriuH, whom
Pole in his wiU describes as meum intimum amicum et famiHarem ',
'
had been his constant companion for more than twenty years.^ Pole
' New Coll. Libr., Oxford, Benefactors' Bk., f. 34.
^ Ih. f. 35-
3 Gasquet, Cardinal Pole and his Ea7'ly Friends, pp. 28—32.
Epistolarum Reg. Poli Collectio (Brixiae, 1744-57), v. 181-7.
s Cal. State Papers (Venetian), 1557-58, pp. 1480-1 1558-80, pp. 238-9.
;
380 APPENDIX XXVIII
made no detailed dispositions, but simply expressed the wish that
*ea bona quae habeo in pias causas et inter personas de me bene
meritas distribui'.^
In selecting New CoUege, and not Magdalen, Pole's oa\ti college,
as a repository for his collection of manuscripts and printed books,
Priuh would seem to have been influenced by the known sympathies
of members of the two Wykehamist foundations with the old reUgion.
Dr. Thomas White, appointed Warden of New College in 1553,
contrived not to be displaced at Ehzabeth's accession. 'The Manner
of the comeing by the Cardinalls books w^ the colledg had' is re-
corded in the College Register of Leases, 1544-62, under the year
1559.^ It appears probable from this record that Priuh would have
conveyed the Cardinars Hbrary to the Oxford convent of Black
Eriarsif it had still existed.
The books comprising Longolius' collection are easily identifiable,
as each contains his name wTitten in a deUcate Renaissance hand,
followed by an elaborate device. There is also entered a note of the
price paid for the book —
a matter of no little import to LongoHus
who was haunted by poverty. The survival of this coUection of his
books in New CoHege is made the more interestmg by the evidences
of close study that they contain in the form of marginal notes.
Among contemporary scholars LongoHus was highly esteemed as
a devoted student of Cicero and as an accompHshed imitator of his
epistolary style. Particularly noteworthy, therefore, is his copy of
Cicero's works, the pages of which he has HberaUy annotated, as
though he had the intention of preparing an edition of the writings
of his favourite author.
The books in New CoUege Library that belonged to LongoUus
are as foUows:^
^opos AojyyoAtoj.'
' Having scrupulously carried out his responsibilities in the disposal of the
Cardinars property, Priuh died in 1560, very shortly after his retum to Italy.
Cal. State Papers (Venetian), 1 557-58, -p-p. 1549-60, 1565-7; 2555^0,^^.98, 141.
^ New Coll. Req. Dim. ad Firmam, iv. (1544-62), f. 88. I am indebted to
xxxvi 5.'
Contains some imderlinings of the text and one note in his hand-
writing.
17. Marcus TuUius Cicero. Orationes, Paris, Jehan Petit, 22 Nov. 151 1.
Fo. CoU. Oxf., Q. 15. New 3.
Annotations in the margins by Longohus, but not completed.
Bound up with (16).
19. P. CorneUus Tacitus. Libri Quinque nouiter inuenti atque cuiyi reUquis
eitis operibus editi, Rome, S. GuiUeretus, i March 1515. F°.
New CoU. Oxf., Q. 26. 6.
On the title-pageChristophorus longoUus. Emi duodecim denariis.'
:
'
Aemilius. A.,2154, 2165; VIII. 142. L., 1463, 1763, 2016, 2062, 2082,
R. 1.315- 2197, 2258, 2483, 2817; V. 487.
Affenstein, 1774; VI. 446. Amoenus, G., I. 442.
Afinius, 542, 638, 753, 799 II. 492. : Amorbach, Ba., 1207; II. 66.
Agathius, J., 2020, 2041; VII. 433. Bo., 408, 862. 1020, 1084, 1201,
Agge, A., 511 ; I. 5^7 and II. 428. 1293, 1914, 1933, 1937, 1950,
Agricola, G., 2529, 2782, 2918; 2036, 2151, 2152, 2155, 2160,
VI. 142. 2179, 2180, 2183. 2187, 2194,
J.,2803 X. 213.; 2199, 2218, 2219, 2220, 2221,
Agrippa, C, 2544, 2589, 2626, 2692, 2223, 2224, 2231, 2235, 2236,
2737, 2739, 2748, 2790. 2796 2248, 2256, 2259, 2267, 2271,
IX. 350. 2279, 2280, 2281, 2289, 2294,
R., I. 106. 2312, 2319, 2320, 2323, 2324,
Alamire, III. 141. 2368, 2372, 2378, 2400, 2420,
Alard, 433, 485, 676; II. 269. 2426, 2429, 2462, 2464, 2467,
Alardet, L., 1852, 1892; VII. 114. 2474, 2478, 2489, 2490, 2506,
Alber, E., V. 494. 2507, 2509, 2519, 2531, 2532,
Albert of Brandenburg. 661, 745, 2536, 2538, 2541, 2542, 2543,
968, 9S8, 1009, 1033, 1101, 1152, 2546, 2547, 2551, 2556, 2560,
1365 : III. 84. 2561, 2564, 2574, 2575, 2580,
Alciati,1250, 1261, 1278, 1288, 2587, 2598, 2605, 2612, 2630,
1706, 2051, 2276, 2329, 2394, 2631, 2642, 2649, 2650, 2652,
2468; IV. 611. 2653, 2678, 2684, 2686, 2688,
Alcyonius, II. 315. 2694, 2696. 2697, 2703, 2706,
AldVidge, 1656, 1766, 1797, 1858; 2709, 2710, 2730, 2740, 2742,
VI. 243. 2744, 2747, 2749, 2752, 2754,
Aldus, 207, 209, 212, 213 ; I. 437. 2755, 2756, 2764, 2765, 2768,
Aleander, 256, 1482, 2638, 2639, 2769, 2770, 2775, 2788, 2805,
2679, 2680; I. 502. 2818, 2827, 2850, 2855, 2858,
Alemannus, J., 1554 VI. 36. ; 2859, 2865. 2872. 2875, 2883,
Alfeld, IV. 409. 2887. 2901, 2902, 2903, 2907,
Algoet, 1091 IV. 235. ; 2908, 2920, 2927, 2928, 2930,
Allen, J., I. 489. 2931, 2940, 2943, 2946, 2952,
Alva, V. 8. 2967, 2972, 2978, 2980, 2991,
Alvar, 506. 2996, 3012, 3013, 3051, 3097,
Amandus, IV. 126. 3098, 3141 li. 237.;
Amelius, 2096; VIII. 50. Br., 331, 420, 439, 464, 557, 595,
Amerotius, IV. 589. 632, 705, 802 ; II. 66.
Amicus, P., IX. 184. J., II. 29.
Ammonius, A.. 218, 219. 220. 221, Andreas, A., of Naples, VI. 474.
226, 228. 232, 233, 234, 236, B., I. 487.
238, 239, 240, 243, 245, 246, 247, Andreas, E., 1533.
INDEX OF CORRESPONDENTS 385
Andrelinus, F., 84, 96, 97, 98, 99, Bathodius, 161 7 ; III. 420.
100, 103, 127, 134; I. 220. Batmanson, IV. 258.
Andronicus, 991; III. 621. Batt, C, 573, 839.
Angelus, J., 1407; V. 375. 42, 80, 90, 91, 95, 101, 102,
J., 35,
Angleberme, P. d', 1 32 (?), 140 1. 329. ; 119, 120, 123, 124, 128, 129, 130,
J. P. d', 725 ; I. 329. 133, 135, 138, 139, 146, 151, 163 ;
Anshelm. 397 ; II. 221. Beatus Rhenanus, 318, 327, 328, 330,
Anthonisz, J., 153, 173 ;
I. 358. 460, 556, 575, 581, 594, 628, 732,
Antimachus, III. 27. 796 867, 1014, 1063, 1206,
Antoninus, J., 1602, 1660, 1698, 1937, 3135 ;
II- 60.
1810, 1825, 1916, 2176, 3137; Bebel, H., 321 ; II. 45.
VI. 153. J., V. 567.
Apocellus, 1630 VI. 195, ; Becar, J., of Borsselen, 291, 320, 370,
Aretino, F., VIII. 292. 932, 952, 1321, 1787, 1851, 1860,
Arnold, Edward, I. 286. 1898, 1984; l. 557.
Arnoldi, J., IV. 449. Bechinius, Peter, 3027; XI. 143.
Arnoldus, B., II. 224. Becichem, VI. 141.
Artolbius, 2012 II. 280. ; Beda, 1571, 1579, 1581, 1596. 1609,
Aesendelft, G. of, 2734; X. 19. 1610, 1620, 1642, 1679, 1685,
H. of, IV. 126. 1906; VL65.
Asulanus, Andr., 589; I. 448. Bedill,387, 426, 782, 823, 892, 1176,
Fed., VI. 134. 3058 ; II. 192.
Fran., 770, 1349, 1592, 1628, 1746, Behem, IV. 31.
1989 ; I. 448. Bembo, 2106, 2144, 2290, 2681,
Ateca, G. of, III, 547. 2708, 2925, 2958, 2975, 3026;
Aucuparius, II. 8. VIIL64.
Aventinus, John Turmair, XI. 148. Bemyng, 873; III. 410.
Aychler, S., 2545, 2718 IX. 352. ; Benedicti, J., 2601 IX. 420. ;
Brenta, A., VII. 31. Caesarius, 374, 428, 610, 615, 622,
Brenz, II. 523. 680, 701, 771, 808, 1291, 1528,
Breytenbach, IV. 308. 3006 ; II. 172.
Briard, 670, 946 (?) III. 93.
; Calepino, VI. 367.
Bri^onnet, W., V. 380. Callergi, V. 245.
Bricotus, E., IV. 526. Calvus, F.,Vn. 31.
Brielis, 422. Calvus, F. J. (Minutius), 1604; II.
Cornutus, P., VIII. 94. Dilft, 1663, 1972, 2348, 2904 ; VI.
Coronel, L., 1274; V. 44. 256.
Coronius, D., V. 137. Divonne, V. 388.
Cortehoevius, T., 2265. Dobergast. M., VII. 31.
Corver, III. 83. Dokkum, John of, XI. 23.
Corvinus. Antonius, XI. 69. Dolet, E., XL 108.
Cotta, V. 245. Domitius Calderinus, VI. 123.
Courtebourne, Peter of, 169. Donatus, V. 246.
Cox, L., 1803, 1824; VII. 2. Dorp, 304, 337, 347, 438, 496, 509,
Cranevelt, 1145, 1173, 1317, 1545, 536, 696, 852, 1044; IL li.
1546, 1655, 1724, 1850; IV. 349- Draco, 871. 942 ; III. 406.
Cratander, V. 306. Driedo of Turnhout, IV. 390.
Crema. Fran. of, I. 204. Dringenberg, L., VIII. 19.
Cricius, 1629, 1652, 1753, 1822, Duchesne, IV. 447.
2030, 2174, 2201, 2375, 3089 ;
Dunghersheym, H., 554; II. 506.
VI. 193- Dunkirk, Secretary of, 792 (?;.
Crocus, C.,2S54; VIII. 494. Duprat, VII. 469.
Croke, 827 I. 467. ;
Diirer, V. 307.
Cromwell, Thomas, 3107; XI. 299.
Cronberg, H. of. V. 160. Eck, J., 769, 844, 2387; III. 208.
Croy, C, VI. 320. L.,3030, 3035; II. 191.
E., VI. 233. Edingus, 2060, 2485; VII. 511,
P., 2822; X. 247. 514.
W., 945, 957, 958, 959 III. 68. ; Edmund, 165, 168.
Crucius, J., 1932; VII. 292. Egli, 405 ; 11. 234.
Curio, V., V. 578. p]gmondanus, see Baechem.
Cursius, P., XI. 113. Egmont, Charles of, II. 577.
Curtius, P., 1537 V. 250. ;
Flor. of, 1018; I. 395.
Max. of, IV. 75.
Dalban, A., 2410, 2472 ; IX. 88. Egnatius, J. Bapt., 588, 1623, 1707,
Damian, see Goes. 2105, 2249, 2302, 2448, 2871,
Dambrowka, see Slap a. 2964; L 523.
Damus, Bertram, 2661 X. ; 36. Egranus, J. S., 1377; III. 409-
Dancaster, 1027; IV. 89. Eicholtz, 866, 2071, 2691; III. 390.
Danes, 2044; VII. 474. Eleutherius (? S. Franck), 2441.
Danielis, J., 2935 ; X. 385. Elizabeth, 2.
Dantiscus, 2343; VIII. 173.
J., EUenbog, 395, 402; II. 209.
D'Armagnac, 2569 IX. 3S0.
G., ;
Emser, 527, 553, 15 51, 1566, 1683,
Davidts, 1254, 1258 (?j, 1280, 2571 ; 1773, 1923; II. 504.
IL 476. Engelbrecht, A., IV. 266.
Decimarius, P., 1986, 2050. P., 1105 II. 123. ;
Decius, J. L., 1393, 1958, 2031, Eobanus, 874, 982, 1498, 2446,
2175, 2874, 2960, 2961 V. 343. ; 2495; IIL 411-
Deiotarus, Zach., 1491, 1990, 2237, Ephorinus. A„ 2539, 2554, 2559, 2606,
2496 IV. 496.
; 3038 IX. 345. ;
Everard, N., 1092. 1186, 1188, 1238, Freiburg Town Council, 2317.
1469, 1653; IV. 237. Freisleben, C, 2475 IX. 246. ;
John, 386, 953, 976, 1397, 1428, J., 419, 602, 629, 635, 795, 801,
1690, 1715, 1739, 1771, 2000, 885; II. 250.
2006, 2097, 2374, 2503, 2750, J. E., 1262, 1476, 2229 ; III. 57.
3017; II. 189. Frowik, III. 63.
John, of Augsburg, IV. 357. Fuchs, L., VIII. 196.
Stapulensis, 315, 659, 724, 814, Fugger, A., 2145, 2192. 2273, 2307,
1795 ; II. 37. 2330, 2476, 2525 ; VIII. 132.
Fabricius, U., VII. 324. Fundulus, VI. 376.
Falcon, 87. Furster, 1798 ; VI. 481.
Falk, II. 316.
Farel, V. 378. Gacy, J., 1891 VII. 204. ;
Fattlin, M., V. 362. Gaguin, 43, 44, 45, 46, 67, 68, 121,
Fawne, II. 329. 122; I. 146.
Feld, R., VIII. 386. Gallinarius, 1307 II. 22. ;
Foi, R., 187, 973, 1099 I. 416. ; Ghinucci, Jerome, Xi. 241.
Francis i, 533, 1375, 1400, 1403, Ghisbert, 1. 233.
1722; also VII. 234. Giberti, 1443% 1481, 1506, 1509,
Francis, J., 1532, 1759; V. 613. 1589^ 1650^,1716; V. 448.
; ;
702, 708, 712, 715, 736, 754, 788, Gryphius. S., VIII. 115.
818, 846, 849, 1696, 1726, 1740, Gualterius, P. P., 3024; XI. 141.
2089, 2260; I. 413. Guerard, V. 616.
Gillis, M., V. 420. Guibe, 253 I. 499. ;
707, 721, 766, 903, 3045, 3054, Guillard, 1212; II. 150.
81, 83, 84, 92, 142, 172, 178 ; I. Johannis, G., III. 25.
128. John, 38.
Hermann, George, 3088. John, 164, 698.
H.. see Phrysius, H. John de Boysonne, see Boysonne.
J. G., 3074, 3117; X. loi. John de Metzenhausen, 2968 XI. 42. ;
11.451;
Hollonius, 904 III. 445.
;
Kidderminster, IV. 162.
Hondt, J. de, 751, 913, 1094, 1433, Kirher, 355, 361; II. 144.
1471, 1548, 1695, 1862; III. Kleberg, 2731; VII.
J., 367.
187. Klopriss, John, XI. 65.
Hoogstraeten, Andrew of, 299, 381, Kloster, G. of, 1116 II. 422. ;
Leopolitanus, J., VII. 271. Malaise, Nic. of, 894 ; III. 432.
Lerma, R, VII. 84. Maldonatus, 1742, 1805, 1908, 1971,
Lethmatius, H., 1320, 1345, 1350, 2250; VI. 393.
1359: V. 138. Mallarius, N., 2424, 2466 ; IX. iii.
Le Vasseur, J., I. 303. Manardus, VI. 123.
Liber, Ant., I. 106. Manius, 1147.
Lily, II. 119. Mann, II. 16.
Limperger, T., VII. 189. Manrique, A., 1846, 1864, 1877,
Linacre, 194, 415, 1230 ; I. 274. 1879, 1888, 1967, 1980, 2301;
Linsted, IV. 163. VII. 105.
Lister, 495, 500, 504, 660, 697, 838 Manuel, J., VIL 358.
II 407. Manutius, Paul, II. 591.
Lizet, VI. 430. Maquet, V. 206.
Loaysa. 6., VII. 242. Marcaeus, 842, 1475 III. 310. ;
Longlond. 1535, 1570^ 1704, 1790, Marlianus, 1114, 1195, 1198, 1199;
2017, 2037, 2227, 3108 ?j VI. i. l ; II. 241.
Longolius, 914, 935; III. 472. Marsus, P., I. 356.
Lonicerus, J., Vll. 300. Martens, Th., I. 514.
Loret, S. (?), 2807; X. 220. Martin, 76.
Lorraine, John of, 1559, 1841, 1911, Martinius, 2049; VII. 496.
2009, 2217 IV. 8. ; Maruffo, II. 192.
Lotzer, 2116, 2306; VIII. 77. MaruIIus, II. 187.
Louis, 167, 790. Mary of Hungary, 2100, 2350,
Louvain, John of, 749. 2583, 2812, 2820, 3034.
Louvain Theologians, 1217, 1301, Marzio, G., II. 557.
1582, 1589, 1784=*. Massaeus, VI. 165.
Lovell, IV. 333. Massemius, VIII. 239.
Loxanus, George, 2986 XI. 59. ; MaubLirn, 52, 73; I. 166.
Lubecensis, 82. Mauch, 1633; VI. 198.
Lucas, 914; III. 473. Mauritsz, J., 176, 190, 202 ; I. 389.
Luceus, Antonius, XI. 314. Mazolini, 1412; III. 409.
Luciiiges, 141^; V. 387. Medici. L. de', III. 234.
Luneburg, Dukes of, VIII. 459. Medmann, 2304; VIII. 413.
Lupset, 431, 664, 690, 1026, 1053, Meghen, P., I. 471.
INDEX OF CORRESPONDENTS '
393
Mercklin, 2123, 2166, 2284 V. 323. ; Mutianus, 870, 1425, 1432=^ ; II. 416.
Merliberch. 1130. Myconius, 861 III. 382. ;
Paludanus, J., 180, 197, 497 ; I. 398. Piso, 216, 1297, 1662, 1754; I. 452.
Pannonius, J., III. 536. Pistophilus, B., VI. 30.
Papinius, 975, 984 III. 600. ;
Pistor, M., 1739^.
Paracelsus, 1S08, 1809; VII. 26. Pistorius, C, 1881.
Parcius, 773. S., 1521,1693., 1744, 1943, 1951,
Parentibus, L. a, 1818. 2122, 233 s, 2344, 2450; IV. 308.
Paris Parliament, 1721, 1905. Pius, A., 1634, 2080 VI. 200. ;
2184, 2185, 2186, 2471, 2666, Pons, Antoine de, XI. 314.
2667, 2668, 2669, 2670, 2671, Poppenruyter, VT. 42.
2672, 2673, 2674, 2675, 2676, Portius, III. 71.
2677, 2721, 2722, 2723, 2724, Potkyn, III. 234.
2725. 2832, 2833, 2834, 2835, Pottelsberghe, L. of, III. 187.
2836, 28S7, 2S38, 2839, 3840, Praepositus, 1054.
2966; VIII. iSi. Pratensis, F., 3115 II. 324. ;
Pflug, J., 2395, 2451, 2492, 2522, L., 1000; III. 379.
2702, 2751, 2S06, 2852, 3016; Pulleo, VI. 238.
IX. 65. Pynson, IV. 253.
Phedrus, V. 246.
Quignon, VIII. 90.
Philip of Hesse, VIII. 126.
Quinonus. 2380.
Philippi, J., IV. 428.
Philips, IV. 334.
Quiutin, 2444; IX. 168.
Reisch, 308. 309; II. 27. 2074, 2272, 2315, 23S5, 2443,
Rem. Giles, XI. 67. 2611, 2648, 2656, 2816, 2971, 2973,
Liicas, XI. 60. 2982; V. 572.
W., VIII. 355. P., 2864 X. 297. ;
P., llbO ;
II. 500. II. 240.
Rimaclus, 411 II. 241. ; Sbrulius, 1159 ; IV. 377.
Rina, VIII. 472. Scaliger, J. C, IX. 368.
Rinck, 2285, 2355, 2534, 2618, Scarpinellus, 1169, 1478 ; IV. 413.
3004; VIII. 382. Scepperus, 2327, 2336, 2567 VI. 409. ;
Spiegel, 863, 2572, 2590; II. 48. Tomiczki, 1919, 1953, 2035, 2091,
Spierinck, VI. 244. 2173, 2377, 2521, 2600, 2713,
Spinula, Louis of, 3008; XI. 115. 2776, 2861, 3000, 3014, 3049,
Stab, II. 239. 3066; VII. 274.
Stabe, John, XI. 349. Tones, 1492 IV. 333. ;
Trebizond, Geo. of, I. 135. Vergil, P., 1175, 1366, 1494, 1606,
Trechsel, J. and M., Vltl. 11. 1666, 1702, 1734, 1796, 2019,
Trivulzio, A., 2423, 2482 IX. 79. ; 2662 IV. 426.
;
Trophinus, F., 1575; VI. 75. Vergy, Ant. of, VI. 168.
Truchses, C, 1625, 1649; VI. 188. Verinus, Gabriel, 2660.
T., II. 145. Vers, iiOuis de, 2889, 3062 X. 331. ;
Trzecieski, A., 1895 ; VII. 218. Vesuvius, 1784, 1894, 2053, 2075.
Tschudi, P. and V., II. 384. Viandalus, 1427 IV. 590. ;
Valdes, J., 1961, 2127, 2251; VII. Volz, 36S, 372, 858, 1075, 1518,
340. 1525, 1529, 1607, 3069, 3114;
Vander Kammen, 2244. II. 158.
Vander Noot. Adolphus, 3124 (?). Vulcanius, P., 2460, 2794 ;
IX. 198.
Jerome, 1300 ; V. 88. Vullinck, VI. 265.
Jod., 1057.
Vander VVick, III. 32. Waele, W. de, II. 6.
Vannes, 656, 774, 822 III. 76. ; Wain, G., 1884, 1903, 2027; VII.
Varius, N., 1756, 1806», 1856, 1973 ; 189.
V. 527. Wakfeld, R., V. 123.
Varnbiiler, III. 394. Waldby, Marmaduke of, VI. 282.
Vaugris, V. 346. Walteri, L., 470. II.
Vazquez, D., VII. 46. Walther, VIIL 315.
Veere, Adolphus of, 93, 94, 266 Wanner, J., V. 194.
I. 229. Warham, 188, 208, 214, 240* (III.
Venatorius, T., 2537 IX. 342. ; xxxi), 261, 285, 286, 293, 396,
Vergara,F., 1876, 1885, 2125, 2254 425, 465, 558, 596 (?), 781, 893,
VII. 168. 1205, 1228, 1451, 1453, 1465,
J., 1277, 1312, 1684, 1814, 1875 1488, 1504, 1828, 1831, 1861,
2004, 2133, 2253, 2563, 2879; V.5 1 1965; L417.
398 INDEX OF CORRESPONDENTS
Watson, 450, 512, 576; I. 533. Wonnecker, V. 397.
Wattenwyl, Nic. of, 1264 V. 28. ; Wychman, 1231, 1351 ; IV. 571.
Wattinschnee, V. 567.
Wechel, VIII. 424. Ximenes, II. 488.
Welles, IV. 431.
Welser, B., 2153; VIII. 141.
Wentford, 196, 241, 277, 772, Yonge, 268; I. 520.
833 ;
I. 428.
Wemer, G., VII. 270 and X[. 346. Zamboczki, VII. 270.
N.,48, 50,74, 77,171; I. 158. Zasius, 303, 306, 307, 310, 313, 317,
Werter, 875; III. 412. 319, 344, 345, 357, 358, 366, 367,
Wertern, T. de, II. 431. 376, 379, 380, 390, 406, 857, 859,
Whitford, 89, 191 I. 225. ;
1121, 1252, 1266, 1353, 2401,
Widmanstetter, J. A,, 2614 IX. 443. ;
2418, 2602, 2857, 2954; II. 9.
Wied, H. of, 1976, 1995 III. 295. ;
John Ulrich, XI. 336.
Wiele, 2408 V. 256.
;
Zebrzydowski, 1826, 2078 ; VII. 77,.
m A;i^^«(>iJ»,