HTML Tutorial

Hi, my Name is Pradip Adhikari and I will be happy if you call me CoderPradip.
I have some knowledge

about Computer Programming as I am the student of Programming.
There are lots of HTML tags and Attributes. In this tutorial I have mentioned some tags
and attributes which are easier and helpful for a web developer.
If you found any mistakes in this tutorial feel free to comment and don’t be so selfish Please send me your
Problems I will try my best to reply you as soon as possible (if you send me message on my Facebook.
I hope you’ll love this Tutorial.
You can Catch me on Facebook, follow me on Twitter and Watch my Videos on YouTube.
Pradip Adhikari;CoderPradip 1
HTML is a computer language devised to allow website creation. These websites can then be viewed
by anyone else connected to the Internet. It is relatively easy to learn, with the basics being
accessible to most people in one sitting; and quite powerful in what it allows you to create. It is
constantly undergoing revision and evolution to meet the demands and requirements of the growing
Internet audience under the direction of the W3C, the organisation charged with designing and
maintaining the language.
The definition of HTML is HyperText Markup Language.

 HyperText is the method by which you move around on the web — by clicking on special
text called hyperlinks which bring you to the next page. The fact that it is hyper just means it
is not linear — i.e. you can go to any place on the Internet whenever you want by clicking on
links — there is no set order to do things in.
 Markup is what HTML tags do to the text inside them. They mark it as a certain type of text
(italicised text, for example).
 HTML is a Language, as it has code-words and syntax like any other language.
How does it work?
HTML consists of a series of short codes typed into a text-file by the site author — these are the
tags. The text is then saved as a html file, and viewed through a browser, like Internet Explorer or
Netscape Navigator. This browser reads the file and translates the text into a visible form, hopefully
rendering the page as the author had intended. Writing your own HTML entails using tags correctly
to create your vision. You can use anything from a rudimentary text-editor to a powerful graphical
editor to create HTML pages.
Where to write HTML?

you can write HTML in most of the text editors including Notepad.
But I recommend you to use Sublime text editor or Notepad ++.
The Basic Structure of HTML

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title of the document</title>
</head>
<body>
The content of the document......
</body>
</html>
After writing the code you must save the file as name.html for example:
index.html(the format must be html or htm).
The <!DOCTYPE> declaration must be the very first thing in your HTML document,
before the <html> tag.
The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not an HTML tag; it is an instruction to the web

browser about what version of HTML the page is written in.
<html> tells the browser that this is an html file.
<head> element is a container for all the head elements.
The <head> element can include a title for the document, scripts, styles, meta
information, and more.
The following elements can go inside the <head> element:
 <title>
 <style>
 <script>
 <meta>
 <Link> etc.
<title> defines the title of the document.
<body> defines the body of the document.
Body has some attributes.
Attribute name Values Description

alink color Colors a active link
bgcolor color Specifies background color
vlink color Specifies the color of visited link
Link Color Specifies the color of a link
Text Color Specifies the text color
Example:
<body bgcolor=”red”>
The background of the body is red.
</body>
Heading Tag
It has 6 heading <h1> to <h6>. The heading tag defines the heading of the document.
Example
<h1>Heading 1</h1>
<h2>Heading 2</h2>
<h3>Heading 3</h3>
<h4>Heading 4</h4>
<h5>Heading 5</h5>
<h6>Heading 6</h6>
Paragraph Tag
<p> tag defines a Paragraph
For example
<p>This is paragraph</p>
<p>This is another paragraph</p>
Line Break Tag
<br> tag breaks a line. <br> is a single tag so we don’t have to write a closing tag.
Example:
It breaks the line <br> and starts a new line.
Center Tag
<center> tag is used to center-align.
Example:
<center>
The center tag is used here.
</center>
Link Tag
<a> tag is used to link from one page to another.
There are two types of Hyperlink
1. Internal hyperlink
Internal hyperlink is used to link another id or division of a same page.
For example:
<A href=”#top” >go to top</a>
(I will mention later about internal hyperlink)
2. External hyperlink
Attributes name Values Description
href Link/path of url Specifies the link.
target _blank/_top/_self/_parent Specifies where to open linked
file.
download filename Allows the user to download file
when clicked.
Title Your text Specifies the title on mouse
hover.
Example:
<a href=https://facebook.com/coderpradip target=”_blank” > click here </a>
Image Tag
<img> tag defines a image in HTML page. <img> tag is an Single/empty tag so it doesn’t have
any closing tag.
Src Link or path of image Specifies the url or path of an
image.
Alt Your text Defines a alternative text for an
image.
align Left/right/top/bottom/middle Specifies the alignment of an
image.
Border Value in pixel Specifies the border around the
image.
Height/width Value in pixel Specifies height & width of
image.
Title Your text Specifies the title of an image.
Example:
<img src="coder.jpg" align="right" title="My Links" height="350px" width="400px">
Font tag
The <font> tag specifies the font face, font size, and color of text.

Color Color name/hex value Specifies the color of the text.
Face Font name Specifies the font of text.
Size Your value Specifies the size of font.
Example:
<font face="chiller" color="blue" size="20px" >This is font tag</font>
List tag
Type 1/a/I (order list) Specifies the type of list.
Circle/square/disc(unorder
list)
Start B/6/V (order list) Specifies from where to start
the list.
There are three types of list in HTML.
I. Order List
The <ol> tag defines an ordered list. An ordered list can be numerical or alphabetical.
Example:
<ol type="a" start="3">
<li>Programmer</li>
<li>Hacker</li>
</ol>
II. Unorder List
The <ul> tag defines an unordered (bulleted) list.
<ul type="circle">
<li>Hacker</li>
<li>Programmer</li>
</ul>
III. Definition List
<dl> tag defines a description list.
Example:
<dl>
<dt>Hacker</dt>
<dd>Hacker Hacks other's sites or accounts</dd>
<dt>Programmer</dt>
<dd>Programmer writes codes and designs</dd>
</d
Table Tag
<table> tag defines table in HTML.
Is has some other tags to include in:
<tr> defines Table row.
<th> defines Table head.
<td> defines Table data.

bgcolor Color name/hex value Specifies the background color in
table.
border Value Specifies the border in the table.
cellpadding Value in pixel Specifies the space between walls
and contents of a cell.
cellspacing Value in pixel Specifies the space between cells.
Example:
<table border="2" bgcolor="pink">
<tr>
<th>Hacker</th>
<th>Programmer</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hacks</td>
<td>Codes</td>
</tr>
</table>
Table Rowspan/Colspan
The Rowspan specifies the number of rows a header cell should span.
The Colspan specifies the number of columns a header cell should span.
Actually it’s not a tag it’s a attribute of <th> tag.
Example:
<table border="2" bgcolor="pink">
<tr>
<th rowspan="2">Name</th>
<th colspan="3">Marks</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>FM</th>
<th>PM</th>
<th>OM</th>
</tr>
<td>CoderPradip</td>
<td>100</td>
<td>32</td>
<td>50</td>
</tr>
</table>
Iframe Tag
<iframe> specifies an inline frame.

Src url/path Specifies the Path embedded
document.
Name Your text Specifies the name of Frame.
Height/width Value Specifies the height/width of
Frame.
Example:
<iframe src="mygame.html" name=”myframe” height="300" width="300">
Video and Audio Tag
Controls No-value or Controls Specifies the control box.
Autoplay No-value or autoplay It plays the video/audio when
page is loaded.
loop Times(1,2,3) or inifinite Specifies how many time the
video/audio should be played.
Muted No-value or muted Specifies that the video/audio
is muted.
Height/width value Specifies the height/width of
the video/audio.
Poster Path/url of the image Specifies an image to be
(Only for Video) shown while the video is
downloading, or until the
user hits the play button
<source> tag is used to specify multiple media resources for media
elements, such as <video> and <audio>.
Attributes of <Source>

Src Path/url Specifies the path or url of
video or audio.
Type Media type Specifies the types of media.
 Video Tag
The video tag specifies the video file.
Example:
<video controls poster="links.jpg" height="400px" width="400px">
<source src="IlovemyNEPAL.mp4" type="video/mp4">
</video>
 Audio Tag
the audio tag specifies the audio file.
Example:
<audio controls autoplay >
<source src="meronepal.mp3" type="audio/mp3">
</audio>
Embed Tag
The <embed> tag is used to include some other files in html (like PDf files).
Example:
<embed src=”iiht.pdf” height=”400px” width=”400px” >
Marquee Tag
<marquee> tag is specifies scrolling text or document.

Behavior Scroll/slide/alternative Specifies the behavior of
marquee.
Direction Left/right/up/down Specifies the direction of
marquee.
Scrollamount speed Specifies the speed of the
Marquee.
Bgcolor Color name/value Specifies the background color
of marquee.
Example:
<marquee behavior="scroll" direction="left" scrollamount="5" bgcolor="Red">CoderPradip is a
Programmer</marquee>
HTML Form
Input Tag
<input> specifies an input field where user can enter data.
Attributes name Values description
type Text Specifies the type <input>
Password element to display.
Email
Radio
checkbox
Button
submit
File
Hidden
Range
url
color
date
datetime-local
search
etc..
Value Your text Specifies the value of the input

field.
Placeholder Your text Specifies the value if the input
element is not focused.
Name Name Specifies the name of an
<input> element.
Readonly Readonly/ no value Specifies that the input field is
read only.
Required Required/no value Specifies that the input field
must be filled out.
Autofocus Autofocus/no value Specifies that the input field
must be focused
automatically.
Checked Checked/no value Specifies that the input
element should be pre-
selected(for ‘radio’ and
‘checkbox’ )
Example:
<input type="text" placeholder="Name" required> <br>
<input type="email" value="@" autofocus> <br>
<input type="password" placeholder="Password"> <br>
<input type="radio" name="gender">Male <input type="radio" name="gender"> female <br>
<input type="checkbox" name="ha">Hacker <br>
<input type="checkbox" name="pro">Programmer<br>
<input type="file"><br>
<input type="submit" value="submit">
Select Tag
<select> element is used to create a drop down list.
Multiple Multiple/no value Specifies that multiple option
can be selected.
Required Required/no value Must be filled out.
Disable Disable/no value Specifies that the drop down is
disabled.
Autofocus Autofocus/no value Specifies that the drop down
list should be focused
automatically.
Name name Defines a name.
Option Tag
There is <option> tag that is used with the <select> tag.
Disable Disable/no value Specifies that the option is

disabled.
Selected Selected/no value Specifies that the option is pre-
loaded.(choosen).
Value Your value Specifies the value.
Example:
<select>
<option value="hacker">Hacker</option>
<option value="coderpradip" selected>CoderPradip</option>
<option value="doctor" disabled>Doctor</option>
<option value="programmer">Programmer</option>
</select>
Text Formatting Tag
 <b>bold</b>
 <i>Italic</i>
 <u>Underlined</u>
 <strike> Strike</strike> or <s>Strike</s> or <del> Delete</del>
 <small> Small</small>
 <q>Quotation</q>
 <big>Big</big>
 This is <sub>Subscript</sub>
 This is <sup>SuperScript</sup>
 <code>code</code>
 <pre>Preformatted</pre>
 <var> Var</var>
Example of a Form(with no style from CSS)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>CoderPradip</title>
<link href="coder.jpg" rel="icon">
</head>
<body bgcolor="grey">
<h1>Sign up Form</h1>
<hr>
<form>
<fieldset>
<label> First Name : </label> <input type="Text" placeholder="example: Coder" required>
<label> Last Name : </label> <input type="Text" placeholder="example: Pradip" required> <br>
<label>Email : </label> <input type="email" value="@" size="50" required autofocus> <br>
<label>Password : </label> <input type="Password" Placeholder="New Password" required> <br>
<label>Confirm Password : </label> <input type="Password" Placeholder="Confirm Password"

required> <br>
<label>Gender : </label>
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="Male">Male
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="Female">Female <br>
<label>Skills : </label>
<input type="checkbox" value="programming" name="pro">Programming
<input type="checkbox" value="hacking" name="hack">Hacking <br>
<label>Choose Country : </label>
<select required>
<option>Nepal</option>
<option disabled>India</option>
<option>China</option>
<option>Pakistan</option>
</select> <br>
<label>Photo : </label> <input type="file"> <br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit Form"> <input type="reset">
</fieldset>
</form>
</center>
</body>
</html>
Looking for Complete Programming Tutorial?
Also want to learn CSS, JAVA SCRIPT AND PHP ?
I will be uploading tutorials on my Blog, Facebook, Twitter
and YouTube.
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Looking for an Institute to learn Programming?

Join IIHT NEPAL.
Bhadrapur Road Birtamode, Jhapa Nepal
Phone: 023-541507
iihtnepal.com
Thank you for Reading this…
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Hi, my Name is Pradip Adhikari and I will be happy if you call me CoderPradip.

I have some knowledge

I hope you’ll love this Tutorial.

The definition of HTML is HyperText Markup Language.

Where to write HTML?

But I recommend you to use Sublime text editor or Notepad ++.

The Basic Structure of HTML

The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not an HTML tag; it is an instruction to the web

<head> element is a container for all the head elements.

The following elements can go inside the <head> element:

<title> defines the title of the document.

<body> defines the body of the document.

Body has some attributes.

Attribute name Values Description

The background of the body is red.

<p>This is another paragraph</p>

It breaks the line <br> and starts a new line.

The center tag is used here.

There are two types of Hyperlink

Internal hyperlink is used to link another id or division of a same page.

<A href=”#top” >go to top</a>

(I will mention later about internal hyperlink)

<a href=https://facebook.com/coderpradip target=”_blank” > click here </a>

<img src="coder.jpg" align="right" title="My Links" height="350px" width="400px">

Attributes name Values Description

<font face="chiller" color="blue" size="20px" >This is font tag</font>

There are three types of list in HTML.

<ol type="a" start="3">

The <ul> tag defines an unordered (bulleted) list.

<dl> tag defines a description list.

Is has some other tags to include in:

<tr> defines Table row.

<th> defines Table head.

<td> defines Table data.

Attributes name Values Description

<table border="2" bgcolor="pink">

Actually it’s not a tag it’s a attribute of <th> tag.

<table border="2" bgcolor="pink">

Attributes name Values Description

<iframe src="mygame.html" name=”myframe” height="300" width="300">

<source> tag is used to specify multiple media resources for media

Attributes name Values Description

The video tag specifies the video file.

<video controls poster="links.jpg" height="400px" width="400px">

<source src="IlovemyNEPAL.mp4" type="video/mp4">

the audio tag specifies the audio file.

<audio controls autoplay >

<source src="meronepal.mp3" type="audio/mp3">

<embed src=”iiht.pdf” height=”400px” width=”400px” >

Attributes name Values Description

<marquee behavior="scroll" direction="left" scrollamount="5" bgcolor="Red">CoderPradip is a

Value Your text Specifies the value of the input

<input type="email" value="@" autofocus> <br>

<input type="password" placeholder="Password"> <br>

<input type="radio" name="gender">Male <input type="radio" name="gender"> female <br>

<input type="checkbox" name="ha">Hacker <br>

<input type="checkbox" name="pro">Programmer<br>

<input type="submit" value="submit">

Attributes name Values Description

<input type="submit" value="Submit Form"> <input type="reset">