1. What is Automation Testing?

Automation testing is the process of testing the software using an automation tool to find the defects. In this
process, executing the test scripts and generating the results are performed automatically by automation
tools. Some most popular tools to do automation testing are HP QTP/UFT, Selenium WebDriver, etc.,

2. What are the benefits of Automation Testing?

 Saves time and money. Automation testing is faster in execution.
 Reusability of code. Create one time and execute multiple times with less or no maintenance.

 Easy reporting. It generates automatic reports after test execution.

 Easy for compatibility testing. It enables parallel execution in the combination of different OS and
browser environments.
 Low-cost maintenance. It is cheaper compared to manual testing in a long run.
 Automated testing is more reliable.
 Automated testing is more powerful and versatile.
 It is mostly used for regression testing. Supports execution of repeated test cases.
 Minimal manual intervention. Test scripts can be run unattended.
 Maximum coverage. It helps to increase the test coverage.

3. What type of tests have you automated?

Our main focus is to automate test cases to do Regression testing, Smoke testing, and Sanity testing.
Sometimes based on the project and the test time estimation, we do focus on End to End testing.

4. How many test cases you have automated per day?

It depends on Test case scenario complexity and length. I did automate 2-5 test scenarios per day when the
complexity is limited. Sometimes just 1 or fewer test scenarios in a day when the complexity is high.

5. What is a Framework?
A framework defines a set of rules or best practices which we can follow in a systematic way to achieve the
desired results. There are different types of automation frameworks and the most common ones are:
• Data Driven Testing Framework
• Keyword Driven Testing Framework
• Hybrid Testing Framework

6. Have you created any Framework?

If you are a beginner: No, I didn’t get a chance to create a framework. I have used the framework which is
already available.
If you are an experienced tester: Yes, I have created a framework. Or I have involved in the creation of the
framework.

7. Can you explain the Framework which you have used in your Selenium Project?
Here we have clearly explained each component of Framework.

8. Why do you prefer Selenium Automation Tool?

 Free and open source

 Have large user base and helping communities
 Cross browser compatibility
 Platform compatibility
 Multiple programming languages support

9. What is Selenium?
Selenium is an open source (free) automated testing suite to test web applications. It supports different
platforms and browsers. It has gained a lot of popularity in terms of web-based automated testing and giving a
great competition to the famous commercial tool HP QTP (Quick Test Professional) AKA HP UFT (Unified
Functional Testing).
Selenium is a set of different software tools. Each tool has a different approach in supporting web based
automation testing.
It has four components namely,
i Selenium IDE (Integrated Development Environment)
ii Selenium RC (Remote Control) – selenium 1
iii Selenium WebDriver – selenium 2 & 3
iv Selenium Grid

10. What is Selenium IDE?

Selenium IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is a Firefox plugin. It is the simplest framework in the
Selenium Suite. It allows us to record and playback the scripts. Even though we can create scripts using
Selenium IDE, we need to use Selenium RC or Selenium WebDriver to write more advanced and robust test
cases.

11. What is Selenese?

Selenese is the language which is used to write test scripts in Selenium IDE.

12. Which is the only browser that supports Selenium IDE to be used?
Firefox

13. What is Selenium RC?

Selenium RC AKA Selenium 1. Selenium RC was the main Selenium project for a long time before the
WebDriver merge brought up Selenium 2. Selenium 1 is still actively supported (in maintenance mode). It
relies on JavaScript for automation. It supports Java, Javascript, Ruby, PHP, Python, Perl and C#. It supports
almost every browser out there.

14. What is Selenium WebDriver?

Selenium WebDriver AKA Selenium 2 is a browser automation framework that accepts commands and sends
them to a browser. It is implemented through a browser-specific driver. It controls the browser by directly
communicating with it. Selenium WebDriver supports Java, C#, PHP, Python, Perl, Ruby.

15. What is Selenium Grid?

Selenium Grid is a tool used together with Selenium RC to run tests on different machines against different
browsers in parallel. That is, running multiple tests at the same time against different machines running
different browsers and operating systems.

In simple words, it is used to distribute your test execution on multiple platforms and environments
concurrently.

16. When do you use Selenium Grid?

Selenium Grid can be used to execute same or different test scripts on multiple platforms and browsers
concurrently so as to achieve distributed test execution

17. What are the advantages of Selenium Grid?

It allows running test cases in parallel thereby saving test execution time.
It allows multi-browser testing
It allows us to execute test cases on multi-platform

18. What is a hub in Selenium Grid?

A hub is a server or a central point that controls the test executions on different machines.

19. What is a node in Selenium Grid?

Node is the machine which is attached to the hub. There can be multiple nodes in Selenium Grid.

20. What are the types of WebDriver APIs available in Selenium?

• Firefox Driver
• Gecko Driver
• InternetExplorer Driver
• Chrome Driver
• HTMLUNIT Driver
• Opera Driver
• Safari Driver
• Android Driver
• iPhone Driver
• EventFiringWebDriver

21. Which WebDriver implementation claims to be the fastest?

The fastest implementation of WebDriver is the HTMLUnitDriver. It is because the HTMLUnitDriver does not
execute tests in the browser.

22. What are the Programming Languages supported by Selenium WebDiver?

• Java
• C#
• Python
• Ruby
• Perl
• PHP

23. What are the Operating Systems supported by Selenium WebDriver?

• Windows
• Linux
• Apple

24. What are the Open-source Frameworks supported by Selenium WebDriver?

• JUnit
• TestNG
• CUCUMBER
• JBHEAVE

25. What are the Locators available in Selenium?

Different types of locators are:
1 ID –
2 ClassName –
3 Name –
4 TagName –
5 LinkText –
6 PartialLinkText –
7 XPath –
8 CSS Selector –

26. What is a XPath?

XPath is used to locate the elements. Using XPath, we could navigate through elements and attributes in an
XML document to locate web elements such as textbox, button, checkbox, Image etc., in a web page.

27. What is the difference between “/” and “//”

Single Slash “/” – Single slash is used to create XPath with absolute path i.e. the XPath would be created to
start selection from the document node/start node.
Double Slash “//” – Double slash is used to create XPath with relative path i.e. the XPath would be created to
start selection from anywhere within the document.

28. What is the difference between Absolute Path and Relative Path?
Absolute XPath starts from the root node and ends with desired descendant element’s node. It starts with top
HTML node and ends with input node. It starts with a single forward slash(/) as shown below.
/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/form/table/tbody/tr[1]/td/input
 Relative XPath starts from any node in between the HTML page to the current element’s node(last node of the
element). It starts with a single forward slash(//) as shown below.
//input[@id='email']

29. What is the difference between Assert and Verify in Selenium?

Assert: In simple words, if the assert condition is true then the program control will execute the next test step
but if the condition is false, the execution will stop and further test step will not be executed.
Verify: In simple words, there won’t be any halt in the test execution even though the verify condition is true
or false.
For detailed post check the below link.

30. What are Soft Assert and Hard Assert in Selenium?

Soft Assert: Soft Assert collects errors during @Test Soft Assert does not throw an exception when an assert
fails and would continue with the next step after the assert statement

Hard Assert: Hard Assert throws an AssertException immediately when an assert statement fails and test suite
continues with next @Test

31. What are the verification points available in Selenium?

In Selenium IDE, we use Selenese Verify and Assert Commands as Verification points
In Selenium WebDriver, there is no built-in features for verification points. It totally depends on our coding
style. some of the Verification points are
To check for page title
To check for certain text
To check for certain element (text box, button, drop down, etc.)

32. How to launch a browser using Selenium WebDriver?

WebDriver is an Interface. We create Object of a WebDriver Interface.

<2.53 – no geckodriver
3.x – geckodriver for FF
To launch Firefox Driver:
 WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
To launch Chrome Driver:
 WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
To launch Internet Explorer Driver:
 WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();

33. Is the FirefoxDriver a Class or an Interface?

FirefoxDriver is a Java class, and it implements the WebDriver interface.

34. What is the super interface of WebDriver?

SearchContext.

35. Explain the line of code Webdriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); ?

‘WebDriver‘ is an interface and we are creating an object reference of type WebDriver instantiating an object
of FirefoxDriver class.
36. We do create a reference variable ‘driver’ of type WebDriver
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
instead of creating

FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

1 WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
2
3 instead of creating
4
5 FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
What is the purpose of doing this way?
f we create a reference variable driver of type WebDriver then we could use the same driver variable to work
with any browser of our choice such as IEDriver, SafariDriver etc.,

//FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get(“http://www.google.com”);

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

37. What are the different exceptions you have faced in Selenium WebDriver?
• WebDriverException
• TimeoutException
• NoAlertPresentException
• NoSuchWindowException
• NoSuchElementException
• StaleElementReferenceException
• IllegalStateException

38. How To Login Into Any Site If It Is Showing Any Authentication Pop-Up For Username And Password?
To do this we pass username and password with the URL
http://username:password@url
e.g. http://admin:[email protected]

39. What are the types of waits available in Selenium WebDriver?

In Selenium we could see three types of waits such as Implicit Waits, Explicit Waits and Fluent Waits.
• Implicit Waits –
• Explicit Waits –
• Fluent Waits –
• PageLoadTimeOut
• Thread.sleep() – static wait

40. What is Implicit Wait In Selenium WebDriver?

Implicit waits tell to the WebDriver to wait for a certain amount of time before it throws an exception. Once
we set the time, WebDriver will wait for the element based on the time we set before it throws an exception.
The default setting is 0 (zero). We need to set some wait time to make WebDriver to wait for the required
time.

41. What is WebDriver Wait In Selenium WebDriver?

WebDriverWait is applied on a certain element with defined expected condition and time. This wait is only
applied to the specified element. This wait can also throw an exception when an element is not found.

42. What is Fluent Wait In Selenium WebDriver?

FluentWait can define the maximum amount of time to wait for a specific condition and frequency with which
to check the condition before throwing an “ElementNotVisibleException” exception.

43. How to input text in the text box using Selenium WebDriver?
By using sendKeys() method
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://www.gmail.com");
driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath")).sendKeys("test");

44. How to input text in the text box without calling the sendKeys()?
// To initialize js object
JavascriptExecutor JS = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
// To enter username
JS.executeScript("document.getElementById(‘User').value=test.com'");
 45. How to clear the text in the text box using Selenium WebDriver?
By using clear() method
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://www.gmail.com");
driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath_of_element1")).sendKeys("Software Testing Material Website");
driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath_of_element1")).clear();

46. How to get a text of a web element?

By using getText() method

47. How to get an attribute value using Selenium WebDriver?

By using getAttribute(value);
48. How to click on a hyperlink using Selenium WebDriver?
We use click() method in Selenium to click on the hyperlink
driver.findElement(By.linkText(“Software Testing Material Website”)).click();
1 driver.findElement(By.linkText(“Software Testing Material Website”)).click();

49. How to submit a form using Selenium WebDriver?

We use “submit” method on element to submit a form
driver.findElement(By.id("form_1")).submit();
1
Alternatively, you can use click method on the element which does form submission

50. How to press ENTER key on text box In Selenium WebDriver?

To press ENTER key using Selenium WebDriver, We need to use Selenium Enum Keys with its constant ENTER.
driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath")).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);

51. How to pause a test execution for 5 seconds at a specific point?

By using java.lang.Thread.sleep(long milliseconds) method we could pause the execution for a specific time. To
pause 5 seconds, we need to pass parameter as 5000 (5 seconds)
Thread.sleep(5000)

52. Is Selenium Server needed to run Selenium WebDriver Scripts?

When we are distributing our Selenium WebDriver scripts to execute using Selenium Grid, we need to use
Selenium Server.

53. What happens if I run this command. driver.get(“www.softwaretestingmaterial.com”) ;

An exception is thrown. We need to pass HTTP protocol within driver.get() method.
driver.get("http://www.softwaretestingmaterial.com");
1 driver.get("http://www.softwaretestingmaterial.com");

54. What is the alternative to driver.get() method to open an URL using Selenium WebDriver?
Alternative method to driver.get(“url”) method is driver.navigate.to(“url”)

55. What is the difference between driver.get() and driver.navigate.to(“url”)?

driver.get(): To open an URL and it will wait till the whole page gets loaded
driver.navigate.get(): To navigate to an URL and It will not wait till the whole page gets loaded

56. Can I navigate back and forth in a browser in Selenium WebDriver?

We use Navigate interface to do navigate back and forth in a browser. It has methods to move back, forward
as well as to refresh a page.

driver.navigate().forward(); – to navigate to the next web page with reference to the browser’s history
driver.navigate().back(); – takes back to the previous webpage with reference to the browser’s history
driver.navigate().refresh(); – to refresh the current web page thereby reloading all the web elements
driver.navigate().to(“url”); – to launch a new web browser window and navigate to the specified URL
 57. What are the different types of navigation commands?
Refer above question (Can I navigate back and forth in a browser)

58. How to fetch the current page URL in Selenium?

To fetch the current page URL, we use getCurrentURL()
driver.getCurrentUrl();

59. How can we maximize browser window in Selenium?

To maximize browser window in selenium we use maximize() method. This method maximizes the current
window if it is not already maximized
driver.manage().window().maximize();

60. How to delete cookies in Selenium?

To delete cookies we use deleteAllCookies() method
driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();

61. What are the ways to refresh a browser using Selenium WebDriver?
There are multiple ways to refresh a page in selenium
• Using driver.navigate().refresh() command as mentioned in the question 45
• Using driver.get(“URL”) on the current URL or using driver.getCurrentUrl()
• Using driver.navigate().to(“URL”) on the current URL or driver.navigate().to(driver.getCurrentUrl());
• Using sendKeys(Keys.F5) on any textbox on the webpage

62. What is the difference between driver.getWindowHandle() and driver.getWindowHandles() in Selenium

WebDriver?
driver.getWindowHandle() – It returns a handle of the current page (a unique identifier)
driver.getWindowHandles() – It returns a set of handles of the all the pages available.

63. What is the difference between driver.close() and driver.quit() methods?

Purpose of these two methods (driver.close and driver.quit) is almost same. Both allow us to close a browser
but still, there is a difference.
driver.close(): To close current WebDriver instance
driver.quit(): To close all the opened WebDriver instances

64. What is the difference between driver.findElement() and driver.findElements() commands?

The difference between driver.findElement() and driver.findElements() commands is-
• findElement() returns a single WebElement (found first) based on the locator passed as parameter.
Whereas findElements() returns a list of WebElements, all satisfying the locator value passed.
• Syntax of findElement()-
• WebElement textbox = driver.findElement(By.id(“textBoxLocator”));
• Syntax of findElements()-
• List <WebElement> elements = element.findElements(By.id(“value”));
• Another difference between the two is- if no element is found then findElement() throws
NoSuchElementException whereas findElements() returns a list of 0 elements.

List<WebElement> list = driver.findElements(By.tagName(“a”));

Sop(list.size()); ==40

65. How to find whether an element is displayed on the web page?

WebDriver facilitates the user with the following methods to check the visibility of the web elements. These
web elements can be buttons, drop boxes, checkboxes, radio buttons, labels etc.
1 isDisplayed()
2 boolean elePresent = driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath")).isDisplayed();
3 1 4 boolean elePresent = driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath")).isDisplayed();



 1 isSelected()
2 boolean eleSelected= driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath")).isSelected();
3 1 4 boolean eleSelected= driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath")).isSelected();



1 isEnabled()
2 boolean eleEnabled= driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath")).isEnabled();
3 1 4 boolean eleEnabled= driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath")).isEnabled();




66. How to select a value in a dropdown?

By using Select class
WebElement mySelectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("dropdown"));
Select dropdown = new Select(mySelectElement);
dropdown.selectByVisibleText(Text);
dropdown.selectByIndex(Index);
dropdown.selectByValue(Value);

67. How to capture Screenshot in Selenium WebDriver?

By using TakesScreenshot Interface

In Selenium 3, we may face few issues while capturing Screenshots. To overcome we use aShot utility. Click on
below links to see posts related to the normal way of capturing a screenshot and capturing a screenshot using
aShot utility.

68. How to mouse hover on a web element using WebDriver?

By using Actions class
WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath"));
//Create object 'action' of an Actions class
Actions action = new Actions(driver);
//Mouseover on an element
action.moveToElement(ele).build().perform();

69. How can we handle web based pop-up?

To handle alerts popups we need to do switch to the alert window and call Selenium WebDriver Alert API
methods.

70. How can we handle windows based pop up?

Selenium doesn’t support windows based applications. It is an automation testing tool which supports only
web application testing. We could handle windows based popups in Selenium using some third party
tools such as AutoIT, SIKULI, Robot class etc.

71. How to handle hidden elements in Selenium WebDriver?

It is one of the most important selenium interview questions.
We can handle hidden elements by using javaScript executor
(JavascriptExecutor(driver)).executeScript("document.getElementsByClassName(ElementLocator).click();");

72. How can you find Broken Links in a page using Selenium WebDriver?

73. How to find more than one web element in the list?
// To store the list
List <WebElement> eleList = driver.findElements(By.xpath("xpath"));
// To fetch the size of the list
int listSize = eleList.size();
//for loop
for (int i=0; i<listSize; i++)
{
// Clicking on each link
links.get(i).click();
// Navigating back to the previous page that stores the links
driver.navigate().back();
}

74. How to read a JavaScript variable in Selenium WebDriver?

By using JavascriptExecutor
// To initialize the JS object.
JavascriptExecutor JS = (JavascriptExecutor) webdriver;

// To get the site title.

String title = (String)JS.executeScript("return document.title");
System.out.println("Title of the webpage : " + title);

75. How do you read test data from excels?

Test data can efficiently be read from excel using JXL or POI API. POI API has many advantages than JXL.

76. Is it possible to automate the captcha using Selenium?

No, It’s not possible to automate captcha and bar code reader.

77. List some scenarios which we cannot automate using Selenium WebDriver?
1. Bitmap comparison Is not possible using Selenium WebDriver
2. Automating Captcha is not possible using Selenium WebDriver
3. We can not read bar code using Selenium WebDriver
4. windows OS based pop ups
5. third party calendars/element
6. Image
7. Word/PDF

78. What is Object Repository in Selenium WebDriver?

Object Repository is used to store element locator values in a centralized location instead of hard coding them
within the scripts. We do create a property file (.properties) to store all the element locators and these
property files act as an object repository in Selenium WebDriver.

79. How can you use the Recovery Scenario in Selenium WebDriver?
By using “Try Catch Block” within Selenium WebDriver Java tests.
try {
driver.get("www.xyz.com");
}catch(Exception e){
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}

80. How to Upload a file in Selenium WebDriver?

There are two cases which are majorly used to upload a file in Selenium WebDriver such as using
SendKeys Method and using AutoIT Script.
Browser Button – type =“file”SendKeys (c:\\test\\naveen.jpg);

81. How to Download a file in Selenium WebDriver?

By using AutoIT script, we could download a file in Selenium WebDriver.

82. How to run Selenium WebDriver Test from the command line?
Class A{

}
cd c
c: javac A.java
c: java A.java

java org.testng.TestNG C:\Users \Desktop\ \workspace\testing\testng.xml

83. How to switch between frames in Selenium?

By using the following code, we could switch between frames.
driver.switchTo().frame();

84. How to connect a Database in selenium?

As we all know Selenium WebDriver is a tool to automate User Interface. We could only interact with Browser
using Selenium WebDriver.
We use JDBC Driver to connect the Database in Selenium (While using Java Programming Language).

85. How To Resize Browser Window Using Selenium WebDriver?

To resize the browser window to particular dimensions, we use ‘Dimension’ class to resize the browser
window.
//Create object of Dimensions class
Dimension d = new Dimension(480,620);
//Resize the current window to the given dimension
driver.manage().window().setSize(d);
86. How To Scroll Web Page Down Or UP Using Selenium WebDriver?
JavaScript scrollBy() method scrolls the document by the specified number of pixels.

87. How To Perform Right Click Action (Context Click) In Selenium WebDriver?
We use Actions class in Selenium WebDriver to do Right-Click (Context Click) action.
action.contextClick(driver.findElement(By.xpsjht()).build().perform();

88. How To Perform Double Click Action In Selenium WebDriver?

We use Actions class to do Double click action in selenium.

89. How To Perform Drag And Drop Action in Selenium WebDriver?

We use Actions class to do Drag And Drop Action

90. How To Highlight Element Using Selenium WebDriver?

By using JavascriptExecutor interface, we could highlight the specified element

Other Selenium Interview Questions:

Interview Questions:
//Selenium basic question
1. Explain the Selenium Architecture
2. Difference between Selenium-IDE & Selenium RC , WebDriver
3. Difference between
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver()
FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver()
4. Difference between get(), navigate().to()
5. What is API , where it is being used
6. Difference between quit() & close()
7. How to maximixe & minimize the browser
8. What is WEbdriver “interface” or Class
9. What is Super interface for WebDriver
10. What is WebElement & explain all the Mtds available in WebElement
11. How many locator is available in Webdriver , & which locator is preferred
12. How to check whether object is available in GUI
13. How to check the text from the UI
14. How to capture color , height , width , font –size of the Element
15. How to get the Location of the Webelement
16. How to check whether object is selected or not ?
17. How to check whether object is enabled in GUI
18. How to delete All Cookies
19. Do we use any constructor in webdriver
20. How to compare Image
21. How to get the webelemnt height & width
Question on WebDriver wait statement
22. What is Synchronization
23. How to handle Synchronization wait available in Webdriver
24. Which wait statement will be used to wait till page load
25. How to handle dynamic object
26. Difference between thread wait , implicitly wait , explicitly wait
27. What is fluent wait
Question DropDown & keyboard & mouse operation
28. How to handle dropdown
29. List out all mtds available in Select class
30. How to capture all the value from the dropdown
31. How to capture only Selected value from the dropdown
32. How to capture only non-selected value from the dropdown
33. How to how with multiSelect value from the dropdown
34. How to select all the similar value from the dropdown
EG we have multiSelect dropdown, like automation testing , manual testing , sql testing , java ,
we should all the option which contains “testing” word
35. How to work with custom select dropdown/ auto suggest dropDown
36. How to take mouse over operation on the element
37. How to perform keyboard operation
38. How to perform “control+c”
39. Difference between build() & perform()
40. How to perform drogAndDrop Operation
41. How to perform rightClick operation
Question on Window Handling
42. How to work with new Tab, new Browse-window
43. How to work with new Tab, new Browse-window with our GetWindowHAnles() mtd
44. How to handle Alert popup
45. How to work Calender POP-up
46. How to work with advitiseMent popup
47. How to work with SSL pop-up
48. How to File Download PopUP
49. How to handle File Upload Pop-up using AutoIT
50. How to Handle File Uplaod Pop-up usinh ROBOT class
51. How to Handle Browser Scrool-bar
52. How to execute java-script
Question Frame Handle
53. How to work with frame-Window
54. How to Work with nested Frame
55. How to work with multiple frame
56. How many ways to work with frame
57. How to work frame , when frame does not have id & @name attribute
Question on Multiple Browser
58. What is IllegalState Exception
59. How to work with IE , Chrome browser
60. How to write xpath in IE & chrome browser
Block- 1 : Framework interview Question
61. What is framework , Explain types of framework
62. Which framework you have used& WHY?
63. Explain framework, with components
TestNG interview Questions
64. What is TestNG , why it is required
Ans : Unit testing framework Tool , used for parallel , grouping , parallel execution , Assertion ,
HTML mREport
65. With OUT TESTNG , what all the challenges you faced

66. Why TestNG , Why not JUNIT

1. Additional annotation
2. HTMl reporting
3. Grouping
4. Parameterziation
5. Support both java , .net
6. Parallel execution
67. What is Annotation, explain all the annotation with real time EG:
@beforeClass // global config like Launch browser
@AfterClass // close browser
@beforeMethod //login
@AfterMEthod //logout
@test //actual test script
68. What is the use @beforeTest , @afterTest in testing
@BeforTest will be executed , Before executing all the <Classes> available with Test-Runner
RealTime useage : in case of cross browser parallel execution , we do use before test annotation
to set the browser

69. What is the use @beforeSuite , @afterSuite in testing

70. Explain the hierarchy of testNG annotation
@beforeSuite
@beforeTest
@beforeClass
@beforeMethod
@test
71. What is batch execution,& how to achieve batch execution
Collection multiple test is called batch , execute multiple through testing.xml
72. Write Syntax of Xml
<suite>
<test>
<classes>
<class>
73. What is grouping execution,& how to achieve group execution
74. What is parallel execution, & how to achieve parallel execution
75. How to achieve CROSS browser testing using Selenium
@parameter
76. How to disable the testing test scripts
@test(enabled=false)
77. How to execute same test with multiple times
@test(invocation count= 10)
78. What is ASSERTION, & how many assertion you used in real-time selenium testscripts ,
explain with real time EG
Assert.assertEquals(“actcomNAme”, “expComNAme”)
Assert.assertTrute(logoStatus)
79. What is @parameter annotation in testNG , how to send parameter to testNG test
80. How to execute same test with multiple data
@dataprrovider
81. What is the @Listner annotation in TestNG
82. Difference between testNG-Listner & webdriver Listner
testNG Lis : ITestListner
WebDriver List : EventFiringWebDriver
52 How to execute only failed test only , when batch execution is Done
After the batch execution “refresh the folder” than automatically we get testing-falied.xml (inside
test-output), just the that xml file
83. How to execute dependent test-Scripts
2 ways
Priority
dependencies
84. How to execute failed test multiple times
ITestREtry
85. When ever we get build which test-scripts , you will execute first
Using grouping concept , we will execute smokeTest first
Block -2 : SVN interview Question
86. What is SVN or GitHub.
87. What is the Role of SVN /Github in Automation
88. What store & get File from SVN
89. What is the advantages of SVN
Block- 3 : Maven Interview Question
90. What is Maven/ ANT
91. What is Role of Maven FrameWork
92. What is dependencies , how to handle dependencies in framework
93. What of Project Object Model [POM .xml]
94. Explain the maven Plugin you used in your framework
95. How to Execute TEstNG.xml in Maven POM.xml
Block- 4 : Jenkins Interview Question
96. What is Jenkins
97. What is the Role of Jenkins in Framework
98. What is the Advantages of Jenkins
99. How to configure Jenkines
Selenium miscellaneous inetview question
100. Difference between xpath & css-selector
101. Where we have used contractor in selenium
102. How to execute Java-scripts in Selenium , or how to work with browser scroll bar
103. How to handle SSL popup in IE
104. What is use Selenium-Grid
105. What is the Use DEsiredCapabalites in SELENUM
106. Non automatable test case in your Project
Selenium Normal interview question
FRAMEWORK
Framework is a collection of reusable components that make the overall test execution &
development is easy and efficient
Framework is a custom Tool which is designed By framework Developers , that Makes
Automation test Engineer Life Easy
FrameWork is well Organized Structure of Components, one Driver file will take care entire Batch
Execution without any manual interaction
Majorly, it comprises of 8 components.
1 Generic Lib :
2 Page Object Repository:
3 Test Data
4 Test Scripts
5 Batch-Runner
6 Resource
7 Screenshot
8 Report
1. Generics :
“Generics” is a library of classes and interfaces which contains re-usable methods which can be
used for any test.
A UI framework generic library can comprise of the following basic classes
: by changing browser variable Value , we can run the Test in Any BROWSER
Excel() :
All the methods related to reading/writing test data from an external source are stored here
BaseClass : contains common Annotation , which is required in all the Test like
@BeforeSuite : used to Customize the Extend Report
@beforeClass : used to Launch the Browser
@BeforeMethod : used to login to Application
@AfterMethod : used to logout from the Appliaction
@AfterClass : used to close the Browser
@AfterSuite : close the extendReport connection & get the Report backup
WebDriverMethods() :
In this interface, we store any operational methods related to webdriver, like intelligent wait
mechanism, type, click, select, etc.,
We can have any number of generic classes/interfaces declared in generics library in
accordance to the test requirement.
2. Page Object Repository :
Page Object Repository helps us to store all xpaths & locators , instead of hard-coding them,
which is against automation rule.
It makes modification and maintenance of objects/xpaths easy, when a HTML page layout
changes.
In order to develop a page object repository, we use java design patterns, namely
• POM
• Page Factory
Page Object Model is a well organized design pattern, where we can store all the web elements
at a PAGE level.
There are 3 main rules which must be followed while working with POM :
• Identify list of elements available in a single UI page and store all of them in dedicated JAVA
class.
• All the elements will be identified using @findBy and @findBys annotations
• Identify reusable business actions/libraries in a UI page and develop the libraries (methods to
be used on them) and store them in dedicated JAVA class.
Page factory is an extended design pattern of POM which is used to execute and initialize
elements available in page class.
Syntax: PageClassName ObjName = PageFactory.initelements(driver, PageClassName.class)
3. Test Data :
As per the automation rule, test data should never be hard-coded.
Hence we maintain test Data that is required to run a test case on an external resource and feed
it to our automation test at run time.
2 types of Data
1 Common Data
Which can reused in all test scripts
URL : by changing URL variable Value , we can run the Test in Any SERVER
UserNAme/Password : By changing credential , we can the Test in Any Environment
Browser: run the test in different browser
2. test scripts Specific DATA
All test scripts data will be here
There are 3 types of external resources where test data can be stored:
• Testdata.properties file
• Testdata.xls file
• Jdbc.jar
This makes the reusability, modification and maintenance of test related data easy.
To read data from an .xls, we use 3rd party tools like APACHE POI which supports all Microsoft
documents.
4. Test Scripts
Test Scripts are collection of actions to be performed on a system under test.
As manual intervention should not happen in automation, we store test cases as test scripts
either as java classes or TestNG classes for repetitive execution.
All the test scripts related to a module should be stored in a single package and the package
name should be <domainname>.<companyname>.<modulename>.<test>
All the Test are Automated using Generic Lib & Page Object Libraries
With the help of plug-ins like TestNG, we can execute all the test scripts together.
5. Batch-Runner
TestNG is a unit testing tool used to execute multiple test cases at a single time.
Ideally with JVC, batch execution is not possible as there can be only one main method running
at a time. Hence, we use TestNG classes to replace main method with the help of “@Test”
annotation for batch execution. In one TestNG class we can have multiple tests.
TestNG comprises of annotations (written in core java) which provide information to TestNG
compiler at run time, the order of execution.
Batch execution can be achieved in TestNG using testng.xml file where we can specify groups,
suites, test cases, modules, exclusions etc.
6. Resources.jar :
This component contains all the third party and plug-ins which are required to run the tests.
This may include third party tools like
• AUTOIT which is used to work on file uploading to UI.
• Gecko driver which is required for working with latest version of firefox.
• IEDriverServer and ChromeDriverServer which enable us to work with multiple browsers.
7. Screenshots
In case of test case/ batch execution failure, we go for this mechanism to report where exactly,
the test case failed.
We can find out which page/step the execution is failed/stopped by viewing the screenshot.
We also take the help of @Listener annotation of TestNG to monitor entire execution and
generate failure events in the form of screenshots.
8. Reports
Test reporting not only makes us aware of the status of the success or failure, but also helps in
finding out the potential bugs.
Soon after the test execution, TestNG generates two HTML reports which state the test
execution results.
It also generates a summary report, with the name “emailable-report.html” which is much user
friendly and sharable brief version of index.html report.
In TestNG, additional reports can also be generated either using Extend Report