Mod Raoult
Mod Raoult
Modified
Raoult’s Law Henry’s Law K-Values
Raoult’s Law
Modified Raoult’s Law
Telah diketahui asumsi-asumsi dalam Hk. Raoult:
1). V phase is an ideal gas
2). L phase is an ideal solution
Bila asumsi 2) dr Hk. Raoult di atas diabaikan
dan digantikan dengan suatu koefisien yang
menyatakan deviasi dari keadaan ideal fase cair,
maka Hk. Raoult menjadi:
yi P xi i Pi sat
i 1,2,..., N
=adalah koefisien aktivitas (activity coefficient)
Koeffisien aktivitas adalah fungsi komposisi fase cair (x)
dan T.
Contoh sistem 2 komponen: ln i Axi '
2
A=f(T)
y x
Karena &
i i 1 i i 1
maka
P xi i Pi sat
For bubble point
i
1 For dew point
P
yi
i i Pi sat
EXAMPLE 10.3: For the system methanol(1)/methyl
acetate(2), the following equations provide a
reasonable correlation for the activity coefficients:
Where
ln 1 Ax 2
2 ln 2 Ax 2
1 A=2.771-0.00523 T.
Antoine equation:
P 1
sat
44.51kPa P 2
sat
65.64kPa
Activity coefficients are calculated from the given
equations;
Where
ln 1 Ax2 ln 2 Ax1 A=2.771-0.00523 T.
2 2
2
2
1 exp( Ax ) exp 1.1070.75 1.864
2
P (0.25)(1.864)(44.51) (0.75)(1.072)(65.64)
P 73.50kPa
x P sat
y1 1 1 1
0.282
P
y2 1 y1 0.718
Atau:
x P sat
y2 2 2 2
0.718
P
ALGORITMA PERHITUNGAN BUBL P
BUBL P CALCULATION
Find Pi sat
Find i
ln 1 Ax 2
2 ln 2 Ax
2
1
Maka DEW P dpt dilakukan dgn iterasi sbb:
1) mula2 asumsikan 1=2=1.0 (Ideal solution)
2) Hitung DEW P: P
1
i i i
y
i
P sat
Find Pi sat
Converge?
NO
YES
It is the P dew.
Find liquid phase mole fraction
y1 P
x1 & x2 1 x1
1 P1sat
c). T and yi?, for x1=0.85 and P=101.33kPa
(BUBL T calculation)
P xi i Pi sat
i
T Kelvin 33.424
2665.54
ln P2 kPa 14.25326
sat
T Kelvin 53.424
ln 1 Ax 2
2 ln 2 Ax 2
1
A=2.771-0.00523 T.
d) T and xi? (TUGAS DI RUMAH)
for y1=0.40 and P=101.33kPa
(DEW T calculation!) 1
P
i i i
y
i
P sat
2665.54
ln P2sat kPa 14.25326
T Kelvin 53.424
ln 1 Ax ln 2 Ax
2
2
2
1
A=2.771-0.00523 T.
2665.54
ln P2sat kPa 14.25326
T Kelvin 53.424
Find: a). P and yi, for x1=0.6 and T=330K (BULB P)
b). P and xi, for y1=0.3 and T=330K (DEW P)
c). T and yi, for x1=0.4 and P=90kPa (BUBLB T)
d). T and xi, for y1=0.40 and P=90kPa (DEW T)
Rumus-rumus:
P/T: i P/T:
i
yi i Pi sa t
PR2
Data-fata untuk sistem ethyl ethanoate (1) dan n-
heptane (2) pada 70 C adalah sbb: