1) Petitioner worked for respondent corporation in various roles for 6 years before being dismissed and filing a case claiming constructive dismissal.
2) The court found an employer-employee relationship existed based on respondent's control over petitioner's work and the economic realities of her long-term employment with the company.
3) In another case, temporary workers were repeatedly and continuously hired by Coca Cola to perform necessary work. The court also found an employer-employee relationship existed in this case based on the reasonable connection between the work and Coca Cola's regular business activities.
1) Petitioner worked for respondent corporation in various roles for 6 years before being dismissed and filing a case claiming constructive dismissal.
2) The court found an employer-employee relationship existed based on respondent's control over petitioner's work and the economic realities of her long-term employment with the company.
3) In another case, temporary workers were repeatedly and continuously hired by Coca Cola to perform necessary work. The court also found an employer-employee relationship existed in this case based on the reasonable connection between the work and Coca Cola's regular business activities.
1) Petitioner worked for respondent corporation in various roles for 6 years before being dismissed and filing a case claiming constructive dismissal.
2) The court found an employer-employee relationship existed based on respondent's control over petitioner's work and the economic realities of her long-term employment with the company.
3) In another case, temporary workers were repeatedly and continuously hired by Coca Cola to perform necessary work. The court also found an employer-employee relationship existed in this case based on the reasonable connection between the work and Coca Cola's regular business activities.
1) Petitioner worked for respondent corporation in various roles for 6 years before being dismissed and filing a case claiming constructive dismissal.
2) The court found an employer-employee relationship existed based on respondent's control over petitioner's work and the economic realities of her long-term employment with the company.
3) In another case, temporary workers were repeatedly and continuously hired by Coca Cola to perform necessary work. The court also found an employer-employee relationship existed in this case based on the reasonable connection between the work and Coca Cola's regular business activities.
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FRANCISCO V. NLRC (G.R. NO.
170087) receiving check vouchers indicating her
salaries/wages, benefits, 13th month pay, bonuses and allowances, as well as deductions and Social Facts: Security contributions. Petitioner’s membership in Petitioner Angelina Francisco was hired by the SSS as manifested by a copy of the SSS respondent Kasei Corporation during its specimen signature card which was signed by the incorporation stage as Accountant and Corporate President of Kasei Corporation and the inclusion of Secretary and later as Liaison Officer. her name in the on-line inquiry system of the SSS Subsequently she was also designated Acting evinces the existence of an employer-employee Manager until replaced, but was assured by the relationship between petitioner and respondent company that she was still connected as Technical corporation. It is therefore apparent that petitioner Consultant. Thereafter, Kasei Corporation reduced is economically dependent on respondent petitioner’s salary until it was later withheld despite corporation for her continued employment in the repeated follow-ups. Petitioner once again asked latter’s line of business. for her salary but was informed that she is no longer connected with the company. Petitioner thus filed an action for constructive dismissal before the Magsalin v. National Organization of Working Labor Arbiter. Respondent Kasei Corporation Men averred that petitioner is not their employee as she performed her work at her own discretion without Facts: 1. The private respondents worked as sales their control and supervision. Both the Labor Arbiter route helpers for the petitioner (Coca Cola) for 5 and NLRC tribunal found for petitioner. CA months and thereafter they were hired on a daily reversed the decision. basis. According to the petitioner, the respondents Issue: were merely hired as substitutes for regular helpers Whether or not there was employer-employee relationship between the parties. when the latter were unavailable or due to shortage Ruling: YES. of manpower/high volume of work. These workers In certain cases the control test is not sufficient to would then wait every morning outside the gates give a complete picture of the relationship between and if hired, they would be paid their wages at the the parties, owing to the complexity of such a end of the day. relationship where several positions have been held by the worker. The better approach would 2. The respondents asked the petitioner to make therefore be to adopt a two-tiered test involving: (1) them regular but the latter refused. Hence, 23 of the putative employer’s power to control the these temporary workers filed a case for illegal employee with respect to the means and methods by which the work is to be accomplished; and (2) dismissal. the underlying economic realities of the activity or Issue: W/N the respondents' work is deemed relationship. By applying the control test, there is no doubt that necessary and desirable in the usual business petitioner is an employee of Kasei Corporation or trade of the petitioner because she was under the direct control and supervision of Seiji Kamura, the corporation’s RULING: Yes. The repeated hiring of the Technical Consultant. She reported for work respondent workers and continuing need of their regularly and served in various capacities as daily services clearly attest to the necessity or Accountant, Liaison Officer, Technical Consultant, desirability of their services in the regular conduct Acting Manager and Corporate Secretary, with of the business/trade of petitioner. substantially the same job functions, that is, rendering accounting and tax services to the In determining whether employment is regular or company and performing functions necessary and not, the applicable test is the reasonable desirable for the proper operation of the corporation such as securing business permits and other connection between a particular activity performed licenses over an indefinite period of engagement. in relation to the usual business or trade of the Under the broader economic reality test, the employer. The nature of work must be viewed from petitioner can likewise be said to be an employee of the perspective of the business in its entirety and respondent corporation because she had served not confined scope. the company for six years before her dismissal,