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Compressor Symbol Centrifugal Compressor

1. A typical centrifugal compressor system includes a compressor, knock out drum, and aftercooler. 2. The diagram should show nozzles, lines connecting the equipment with sizes and materials specified, and isolation valves, spectacle blinds, and spaces for maintenance. 3. Pressure and temperature instruments are included to monitor and control the compressor system.

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Priscilla Vidya
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127 views3 pages

Compressor Symbol Centrifugal Compressor

1. A typical centrifugal compressor system includes a compressor, knock out drum, and aftercooler. 2. The diagram should show nozzles, lines connecting the equipment with sizes and materials specified, and isolation valves, spectacle blinds, and spaces for maintenance. 3. Pressure and temperature instruments are included to monitor and control the compressor system.

Uploaded by

Priscilla Vidya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Figure 1 - Typical centrifugal compressor P&ID

1. Proper centrifugal compressor symbol should be selected first, as


shown in figure-1. Normally, a centrifugal compressor is accompanied
by a Knock Out Drum (KOD) at the compressor suction and an
aftercooler at the compressor discharge, as per a typical compressor
PFD.Symbols for these equipments should also be placed on the P&ID
before proceeding ahead. All the equipment symbols should be
selected from the legend sheets of a particular project.{adinserter 1}
2. All the nozzles on the compressor, suction drums and aftercooler
should then be correctly represented with size and flanges. This
includes inlet and outlet nozzles and equipment drains / vents as
shown in the typical P&ID in figure-1.
3. Centrifugal compressor suction KOD is intended for removing the
entrained liquids before sending gas to the compressor. Demister,
mesh pad etc. are used in the knock out drum to efficiently remove the
liquid droplets.
4. Compressor aftercoolers are generally air coolers and the related fan,
motor etc. should be clearly indicated on the P&ID. If cooling water is
used, proper symbol for a heat exchanger should be used.
5. Inlet, outlet lines for each equipment, anti-surge line, drain/vent lines,
line to the relief valve etc. are the next to be drawn up. Line number,
material class, size etc. is to be correctly assigned to each of the lines.
6. Isolation valves, spectacle blinds, spacers etc. to be used for
maintenance should be drawn up next on various lines between the
equipments. Requirement for isolation valves, spectacle blind, spaces
etc. depend on the project standards, which should be followed while
indicating these on the P&ID. Sometimes, to minimize the number of
isolation valves between the equipment, they can be placed only at the
suction KOD inlet which is inlet of the centrifugal compressor system
and discharge of the aftercooler which turns out to be the outlet of the
centrifugal compressor system. Spectacle blinds or spacers can be used
for isolation between individual equipments for quick maintenance.
This is simply a guideline and project standards need to be followed
when indicating the isolation requirements.{adinserter 2}
7. A check valve should be normally provided on the compressor
discharge to avoid reverse flow when the pump is not in operation.
8. Pressure relief valves can be provided on the compressor discharge
line, downstream to the check valve, to protect the equipments
downstream of compressor.
9. Pressure gauges should be provided on suction and discharge of the
compressor. Level gauges need to be located on the compressor
suction knock out drum and temperature gauges on inlet, outlet lines
for the aftercooler.
10. Pressure transmitters should be provided on compressor suction and
discharge line. A flow transmitter should be provided on compressor
suction line. Signals from these transmitters are sent to an ‘Anti-Surge
Controller’. Based on the gas flow and differential pressure head
developed by the compressor, the anti-surge controller operates the
anti-surge valves to prevent compressor surge condition.
11. An anti-surge line from the aftercooler discharge to the suction KOD
inlet should be provided for anti-surge control. When the compressor
approaches surge condition (low flow, high differential head), the anti-
surge valves open up to lower the pressure differential and circulate
higher gas flow.
12. Sometimes, a performance controller can be included in the centrifugal
compressor system to control the rotating speed (RPM) of the
compressor based on inlet pressure, flow etc. in order to achieve
optimum performance. Performance controller will typically adjust the
motor/turbine speed.
13. Level transmitters provided on the suction knock out drum are
responsible for liquid level control in the drum. Alarms are usually
provided for high and high high liquid level conditions.
14. Temperature transmitter can be provided on aftercooler for
temperature control by sending a signal to adjust the fan speed of the
aircooler.{adinserter 1}
15. Emergency Shutdown (ESD) valves can be provided on inlet / outlet
lines of the compressors system to isolate whole system in case of a
shutdown. The inlet line of the suction KOD corresponds to inlet of
the compressor system. Aftercooler discharge and liquid outlet of
suction knock out drum correspond to the outlet lines of the
compressor system. Shutdown valves can be located on these lines as
shown in figure-1.
16. Drains and vents to be provided on the suction / discharge lines,
compressor casing, suction Knock Out Drum, air cooler body etc. for
completely draining/venting compressor and associated piping, for
maintenance.
17. For purging the compressor system, a nitrogen connection can be
provided right after the first isolation valve on the suction KOD inlet
line.
18. All the guidelines given here are very general and may be modified as
per specific requirements of any particular project.

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