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Introduction To Statistical Quality Control, 6 Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 1

The document discusses the DMAIC structure for problem solving which consists of define, measure, analyze, improve, and control steps. It describes each step in detail and notes they are usually associated with six sigma but can be used for any process improvement. Tollgates are checkpoints between each step.

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1K views21 pages

Introduction To Statistical Quality Control, 6 Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 1

The document discusses the DMAIC structure for problem solving which consists of define, measure, analyze, improve, and control steps. It describes each step in detail and notes they are usually associated with six sigma but can be used for any process improvement. Tollgates are checkpoints between each step.

Uploaded by

Fadir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery.

1
Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 2
Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Learning Objectives

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 3


Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
DMAIC
• DMAIC is a structure problem
problem-solving
solving technique
consisting of the following steps:
– Define
– Measure
– Analyze
– Improve
– Control
• DMAIC is i usually
ll associated
i d withi h six
i sigma,
i but
b iti
can be used with any business or process
improvement effort
Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 4
Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 5
Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 6
Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Projects
• Essential part of DMAIC
• Breakthrough opportunity
• Financial
i i l systems integration
i i
• Value opportunity of a project must be clear
• Project selection
• Project management

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 7


Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
If the improvement goal is 50%, then x = 11 years, and if it’s
75% then x = 5 years.
Must focus on projects that have high impact

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 8


Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2.2 The Define Step

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 9


Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A process map or value stream map may also be
prepared. These should be completed by at least
the end of the Measure step.

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 10


Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Define Tollgate

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 11


Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2 3 The Measure Step
2.3
• Purpose is to evaluate and determine the present process
state
• Identify key process input variables (KPIV) and key
process output variables (KPOV)
• Data – from historical records, from sampling, from
observational studies
• Histograms,
Hi box
b plots,
l Pareto
P charts,
h scatter diagrams,
di
stem-and-leaf diagrams may all be useful
• In some businesses, the measurement system must be
developed
• Measurement systems capability may be important

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 12


Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Measure Tollgate

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 13


Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2 4 The Analyze Step
2.4
• Determine cause-and-effect relationships
• Sources of variability – common cause versus
assignable cause
• Tools – control charts, hypothesis testing,
confidence
fid intervals,
i l regression
i models,
d l failure
f il
modes and effects analysis
• Discrete event simulation

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 14


Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Analyze Tollgate

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 15


Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2 5 The Improve Step
2.5
• Process redesign to reduce bottlenecks
• Mistake-proofing
• Statistical
S i i l tools l – particularly
i l l designed
d i d
experiments
• DOX can be applied to either the physical
process or a computer model of the process
• Pilot test the solution to confirm that it will
solve the pproblem
Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 16
Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Improve Tollgate

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 17


Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2 6 The Control Step
2.6
• Complete all remaining work on project
• Provide the process owner with a process
control plan
• Training documents (if appropriate) should be
provided
id d
• Methods and metrics for future audits
• Transition plan to the new process might
include a validation step
p
Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 18
Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Control Tollgate

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 19


Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter Case Studies
• Litigation documents
• Improving on-time delivery
• Improving
i service
i quality
li in
i a bank
b k

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 20


Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Learning Objectives

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 21


Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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