P¡ = 0.

0186 NOTE·-
fy = 1;]4f.4Pa IMPo :: U.Sps1
AsF 3770mm 1 IMN :: Z25i<tps
Ps = ao1sz
1mm = 0.0391.in
"'== ,3,MPo

D
0.0186 i).h= 309MPa
fy f~ = 25.JMPa
Asf< 3770mm¡
e = I09mm
Ps = 0.018]
t = o.0167/sec
~:~~J~
t = 0.0167/sec
!!Q!L-
• 001 002 O 03 STRAIN
1.6 ~ 1bJ l-IOOP STRESS-WN(,;TUOtN.AL 5TRAIN

= :;::.i;d/<er>l-Pork!Eqs1to'/

U,../ t
1
1 1sl hoop 1
-----,
1

¡---._ (PlomConc:r~tl rst hoop 1 ISt hoop !

¡__/acfure
frrxlure fracture
/
1 1

~ ~
'
'
'
1 1

1 1 1 1
1
J /si hoop 1 1 1

~~---r-~lure -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 o.O! _o.m ao1.

SrRAIN 0.06
! loJ lQAD-STPA!N Cl.RVES
'--=~~_r_~_i______.___. o~-~~~~~-~----
º·º' 0.02 O.OJSTRM-1 O 0.01 0.02
loJ L.040-SnwY QJR~S le J cORE CONCRETE 51'RESS-51'RAIN CURVE

Fig. 11 - Unit 3 Concentric loadíng at the high

strain rate - Measured from
test ol Unfl 5 300
1
\
- Measured from
test of und 5
- - - Co/cubfed from \ .--L ColcWafvd from
stress-stroin \ stress-stram

Pt = 0.0186
o.irve of Umt3
' cur~ af Unlf 3

ly = '34"'1Pa
AsF 3'170mmJ
1MPo = 11,Sps1
1MN : .l25 1<1ps
\
\ '''
''
-·- Moddied lfen!-Porkffq5 lfo ' '
'
--
~ = 0.0309 - UniflS ' , 1

f~
i
fyti=
= 24.BMPo
296MF'a

= 0.0167/sec
Unil 1
{Plain Concrete/
........ ....... ~
1

'ºº
'·
1

1
1
Total 1
1

r-·--- O.DI 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.03

i
1
1

f.2 AVERAGE STRA!N AVERAGE 5Tl?AIN

-._1 (cJ MOMENT-AVERAGE srRAIN CURVE
lbJ L(l40-AVER4GE srRAIN CURVE
1

¡ '·º i 1

j ,,,_: as ,'~
lsl noap
1

1 Fig. 14 - Unit 5 - Eccentric loading at the high straín

Cover • Sfeel fraclvre 1
fracfvre l
\.; 0.6 !_,i \ ""'-
·--1
1 rate
1
º·' 1

0.2 ''' ........ 1

1
1
'--===~--~'----~L--oL---_._::=~~-----"----
0.01 0.02 SrRAIN O.Of 0.03 STRAIN a.m o o.o;
(o) 111AD-STRAfN CURVES lb{ CDRE CONCl?ETE STFESS-ST'RAIN CURVE Roy and Sozen'' that confinement did not increase
compressive strength of rectangular sections.
Fig. 12 - Unit 15 Concentric loading at the high Fig. 9, 10, and 11 also show the measured hoop re-
straín rate
inforcement stress-longitudinal strain curves and indi-
cate when the hoops have yielded relative to the lon-
P¡ = ().0186 !iQIL
t,. = 434MPo lf-/Po dl.Sps1 gitudinal strain. The hoop stress plotted for each unit
Ast= 3'l'!Omm" 1MN = 225/<ips
Ps ' 0.018Z
Yn= 309"'1Po
1mm = ().0391.m is an average of all hoop stresses measured for the unit
f~ = l5.3MPo
e= 49mm
at that longitudinal strain.
t = 0.0000033/sec

Eccentrically loaded units

Fig. 13 and 14 illustrate results obtained from typical

l
1 1
--,
1
eccentrically loaded units wíth low and high strain
1--- 1St hOOp ls1 hoop
1 fnxture
1
1
fracture
1
l rates. The load-strain curve in each figure plots the
1 ,---~
1

1
1
1
1
1
load carried versus the longitudinal strains at opposite
1
1 1

'
1

1
extreme fibers at the outside of the core concrete and
-0.03 -0.02 -O.DI
STRAIN
0.01 0.02 0.03
0.06
0.05 an average of these longitudinal strains. Note that íni-
0.08
(a/ LDAD-SrRAIN CURVES tially both extreme fibers were in compression. How-
ever, as the test progressed the increase in curvature
of the unit resulted in an increase in the eccentrícity
- Measured from + Meosured from
test of Ufllt' test af Und' of applied load (P-A effect). This caused a change in
-- - Co/cu/aled from - - - ColclJ/oled trom
stress-strolfl curve ] stress stroin curve the strain gradient resulting in tension at one extreme
of Und2 ~
º' l..kld 2
~2ºº r-- . . . . . fiber, as may be also observed from the tension cracks

_'-\
~ l
in Fig. 8(e) and (f).

~¡- Also plotted in Fig. 13 and 14 is a comparison of

the measured and calculated load and moment at the
midheight section of the units plotted against the av-
ºo~--o.~,,--~ --U~OJ--- O 0.01 --ON~-~0.03L,------
IWERAGE STRAIN AVERAGE STRAIN erage longitudinal strain. The measured moment in-
fbl LOAD-AVERAGE STRAIN CURVE (e; 1 MOMENr-AVERlllJE STRA/N CURVE
cludes the P-A moment which was found from the
Fig. 13 - Unit 4 - Eccentric loading at the low strain measured lateral deflection of the units as the test pro-
rate gressed. The calculated values for load and moment,
20 ACI JOURNAL / January-February 1982