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GATE SOLVED PAPER

Electrical Engineering
2007

Copyright © By NODIA & COMPANY

Information contained in this book has been obtained by authors, from sources believes to be reliable. However,
neither Nodia nor its authors guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any information herein, and Nodia nor its
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 GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE
2007

Q.1 - Q.20 carry one mark each

Q. 1 The common emitter forward current gain of the transistor shown is bF = 100 .

. i n
The transistor is operating in

c o
(A) Saturation region

a .
i
(B) Cutoff region

d
(C) Reverse active region
(D) Forward active region
o
.n
w
Sol. 1 If transistor is in normal active region, base current can be calculated as following,

w
By applying KVL for input loop,
10 - IC (1 # 103) - 0.7 - 270 # 103 IB = 0

w
bIB + 270 IB = 9.3 mA, ` IC = bIB

©
IB (b + 270) = 9.3 mA
IB = 9.3 mA = 0.025 mA
270 + 100
In saturation, base current is given by,
10 - IC (1) - VCE - IE (1) = 0
10 = I IC - IE
C (sat)
2
VCE - 0
IC (sat) = 5 mA

IC (sat)
IB(sat) =
b

= 5 = .050 mA
100
IB 1 IB(sat), so transistor is in forward active region.
Hence (D) is correct option.
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Q. 2 The three-terminal linear voltage regulator is connected to a 10 W load resistor as

shown in the figure. If Vin is 10 V, what is the power dissipated in the transistor ?

(A) 0.6 W
(B) 2.4 W
(C) 4.2 W

in
(D) 5.4 W

.
Sol. 2 In the circuit

. co
i a
o d
. n
We can analyze that the transistor is operating in active region.

w
VBE(ON) = 0.6 volt

w
VB - VE = 0.6

w 6.6 - VE = 0.6

©
VE = 6.6 - 0.6 = 6 volt
At emitter (by applying KCL),
IE = IB + IL

IE = 6 - 6.6 + 6 - 0.6 amp

1 kW 10 W
VCE = VC - VE = 10 - 6 = 4 volt
Power dissipated in transistor is given by.
PT = VCE # IC
= 4 # 0.6
` IC - IE = 0.6 amp
= 2.4 W
Hence (B) is correct option.
Q. 3 Consider the transformer connections in a part of a power system shown in the
figure. The nature of transformer connections and phase shifts are indicated for
all but one transformer
Which of the following connections, and the corresponding phase shift q, should
be used for the transformer between A and B ?
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

(A) Star-star (q = 0%) (B) Star-Delta (q =- 30%)

(C) Delta-star (q = 30%) (D) Star-Zigzag (q = 30%)
Sol. 3 a Equal Phase shift of point A & B with respect to source from both bus paths.
So the type of transformer Y-Y with angle 0c.
Hence (A) is correct option.

in
Q. 4 The incremental cost curves in Rs/MWhr for two generators supplying a common

.
load of 700 MW are shown in the figures. The maximum and minimum generation

co
limits are also indicated. The optimum generation schedule is :

a .
d i
o
.n
w
w
w
©
(A) Generator A : 400 MW, Generator B : 300 MW
(B) Generator A : 350 MW, Generator B : 350 MW
(C) Generator A : 450 MW, Generator B : 250 MW
(D) Generator A : 425 MW, Generator B : 275 MW
Sol. 4 Given incremental cost curve
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

PA + PB = 700 MW
For optimum generator PA = ? , PB = ?
a From curve, maximum incremental cost for generator A
= 600 at 450 MW
and maximum incremental cost for generator B
= 800 at 400 MW
minimum incremental cost for generator B
= 650 at 150 MW
a Maximim incremental cost of generation A is less than the minimum incremental
constant of generator B. So generator A operate at its maximum load = 450 MW
for optimum generation.
PA = 450 MW

in
PB = (700 - 450)

.
= 250 MW

co
Hence (C) is correct option.

.
Q. 5 Two regional systems, each having several synchronous generators and loads are

a
inter connected by an ac line and a HVDC link as shown in the figure. Which of

i
the following statements is true in the steady state :

o d
. n
w
w
w
©
(A) Both regions need not have the same frequency
(B) The total power flow between the regions (Pac + Pdc) can be changed by
controlled the HDVC converters alone
(C) The power sharing between the ac line and the HVDC link can be changed
by controlling the HDVC converters alone.
(D) The directions of power flow in the HVDC link (Pdc ) cannot be reversed
Sol. 5 Here power sharing between the AC line and HVDC link can be changed by
controlling the HVDC converter alone because before changing only grid angle we
can change the power sharing between the AC line and HVDC link.
Hence (C) is correct option.
Q. 6 Considered a bundled conductor of an overhead line consisting of three identical
sub-conductors placed at the corners of an equilateral triangle as shown in the
figure. If we neglect the charges on the other phase conductor and ground, and
assume that spacing between sub-conductors is much larger than their radius, the
maximum electric field intensity is experienced at
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

(A) Point X (B) Point Y

(C) Point Z (D) Point W
Sol. 6 We have to find out maximum electric field intensity at various points. Electric
field intensity is being given by as follows

. in
. co
i a
o d
.n
w
w
From figures it is cleared that at point Y there is minimum chances of cancelation.

w
So maximum electric field intensity is at point Y.
Hence (B) is correct option.
Q. 7
©
The circuit shown in the figure is

(A) a voltage source with voltage rV

R1 < R2
r < R2
(B) a voltage source with voltage V
R1
r < R2 V
(C) a current source with current c
R1 + R2 m r
(D) a current source with current c R2 mV
R1 + R2 r
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Sol. 7 This is a voltage-to-current converter circuit. Output current depends on input

voltage.

Since op-amp is ideal v+ = v- = v1

By writing node equation.
v1 - v + v1 - 0 = 0

in
R1 R2

.
+
v1 c 1 R2 m = V
R

co
R1 R2 R1
v1 = V c R2 m

.
R1 + R2

a
Since the op-amp is ideal therefore
iL = i1 = v1

d
r i
o
iL = c R2 m
V

n
r R1 + R2

.
Hence (D) is correct option.
Q. 8
w
The system shown in the figure is

w
w
©
(A) Stable
(B) Unstable
(C) Conditionally stable
(D) Stable for input u1 , but unstable for input u2
Sol. 8 For input u1 , the system is (u2 = 0)

System response is
(s - 1)
(s + 2) (s - 1)
H1 (s) = =
(s - 1) 1 (s + 3)
1+
(s + 2) (s - 1)
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Poles of the system is lying at s =- 3 (negative s -plane) so this is stable.

For input u2 the system is (u1 = 0)

System response is
1
(s - 1) (s + 2)
H2 (s) = =
1 (s - 1) (s - 1) (s + 3)
1+
(s - 1) (s + 2)
One pole of the system is lying in right half of s -plane, so the system is unstable.
Hence (D) is correct option.

in
Q. 9 Let a signal a1 sin (w1 t + f) be applied to a stable linear time variant system. Let

.
the corresponding steady state output be represented as a2 F (w2 t + f2). Then

co
which of the following statement is true?
(A) F is not necessarily a “Sine” or “Cosine” function but must be periodic

.
with w1 = w2

i a
(B) F must be a “Sine” or “Cosine” function with a1 = a2

d
(C) F must be a “Sine” function with w1 = w2 and f1 = f2

o
(D) F must be a “Sine” or “Cosine” function with w1 = w2

.n
Sol. 9 For an LTI system input and output have identical wave shape (i.e. frequency of

w
input-output is same) within a multiplicative constant (i.e. Amplitude response
is constant)

w
So F must be a sine or cosine wave with w1 = w2

w
Hence (D) is correct option.

©
Q. 10 The frequency spectrum of a signal is shown in the figure. If this is ideally sampled
at intervals of 1 ms, then the frequency spectrum of the sampled signal will be
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

. in
. co
i a
o d
. n
w
w
w
©
Sol. 10 The spectrum of sampled signal s (jw) contains replicas of U (jw) at frequencies
!nfs .
Where n = 0, 1, 2.......

fs = 1 = 1 = 1 kHz
Ts 1 m sec
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Hence (D) is correct Option

Q. 11 Divergence of the vector field

V (x, y, z) =- (x cos xy + y) it + (y cos xy) jt + (sin z2 + x2 + y2) kt is
(A) 2z cos z2 (B) sin xy + 2z cos z2
(C) x sin xy - cos z (D) None of these
Sol. 11 Divergence of a vector field is given as

in
Divergence = 4: V

.
In cartesian coordinates

co
4 = 2 it + 2 tj + 2 kt
2x 2y 2z

2x 6
.
- (x cos xy + y)@ + 2 6(y cos xy)@ +
So 4: V = 2

a
2y

2z 6
d i
2 (sin z2 + x2 + y2)
@

o
=- x (- sin xy) y + y (- sin xy) x + 2z cos z2

.n
= 2z cos z2

w
Hence (A) is correct option.
x = 8x1 x2 g xn B is an n-tuple nonzero vector. The n # n matrix

w
T
Q. 12

V = xxT

w
(A) has rank zero (B) has rank 1

©
(C) is orthogonal (D) has rank n
Sol. 12 Hence ( ) is correct option.
Q. 13 A single-phase fully controlled thyristor bridge ac-dc converter is operating at a
firing angle of 25c and an overlap angle of 10c with constant dc output current of
20 A. The fundamental power factor (displacement factor) at input ac mains is
(A) 0.78 (B) 0.827
(C) 0.866 (D) 0.9
Sol. 13 Hence (A) is correct option.
Firing angle a = 25c
Overlap angle m = 10c

so, I 0 = Vm [cos a - cos (a + m)]

wLs

` 20 = 230 2 [cos 25c - cos (25c + 10c)]

2p # 50Ls

` Ls = 0.0045 H
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

V0 = 2Vm cos a - wLsI 0

p p
-3
= 2 # 230 2 cos 25c - 2 # 3.14 # 50 # 4.5 # 10 # 20
3.14 3.14
= 187.73 - 9 = 178.74c
Displacement factor = V0 I 0
Vs Is
= 178.25 # 20 = 0.78
230 # 20
Q. 14 A three-phase, fully controlled thyristor bridge converter is used
as line commutated inverter to feed 50 kW power 420 V dc to a
three-phase, 415 V(line), 50 Hz ac mains. Consider dc link current to be constant.
The rms current of the thyristor is
(A) 119.05 A (B) 79.37 A

in
(C) 68.73 A (D) 39.68 A

.
co
Sol. 14 Given that
P = 50 # 1000 W

a .
Vd = 420

i
So P = Vd # Id

od
Id = 50 # 1000 = 119.05
420

.n
RMS value of thyristor current = 119.05 = 68.73

w
3
Hence (C) is correct option.

w
Q. 15 In a transformer, zero voltage regulation at full load is
(A) not possible

w
(B) possible at unity power factor load

©
(C) possible at leading power factor load
(D) possible at lagging power factor load
Sol. 15 In transformer zero voltage regulation at full load gives leading power factor.
Hence (C) is correct option.
Q. 16 The dc motor, which can provide zero speed regulation at full load without any
controller is
(A) series (B) shunt
(C) cumulative compound (D) differential compound
Sol. 16 Speed-armature current characteristic of a dc motor is shown as following

The shunt motor provides speed regulation at full load without any controller.
Hence (B) is correct option.
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Q. 17 The probes of a non-isolated, two channel oscillocope are clipped to points A,

B and C in the circuit of the adjacent figure. Vin is a square wave of a suitable
low frequency. The display on Ch1 and Ch2 are as shown on the right. Then the
“Signal” and “Ground” probes S1, G1 and S2, G2 of Ch1 and Ch2 respectively are
connected to points :

in
(A) A, B, C, A (B) A, B, C, B

.
(C) C, B, A, B (D) B, A, B, C

co
Sol. 17 Since both the waveform appeared across resistor and inductor are same so the

.
common point is B. Signal Probe S1 is connecte with A, S2 is connected with C

a
and both the grount probes G1 and G2 are connected with common point B.
Hence (B) is correct option.

d i
o
Q. 18 A single phase full-wave half-controlled bridge converter feeds an inductive load.

.n
The two SCRs in the converter are connected to a common DC bus. The converter
has to have a freewheeling diode.

w
(A) because the converter inherently does not provide for free-wheeling

w
(B) because the converter does not provide for free-wheeling for high values of
triggering angles

w
(C) or else the free-wheeling action of the converter will cause shorting of the
AC supply

©
(D) or else if a gate pulse to one of the SCRs is missed, it will subsequently
cause a high load current in the other SCR.
Sol. 18 Single phase full wave half controlled bridge converter feeds an Inductive load.
The two SCRs in the converter are connected to a common dc bus. The converter
has to have free wheeling diode because the converter does not provide for free
wheeling for high values of triggering angles.
Hence (B) is correct option.
Q. 19 The electromagnetic torque Te of a drive and its connected load torque TL are as
shown below. Out of the operating points A, B, C and D, the stable ones are
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

in
(A) A, C, D (B) B, C

.
(C) A, D (D) B, C, D

co
Sol. 19 From the given characteristics point A and D are stable

.
Hence (C) is correct option.

i a
Q. 20 “Six MOSFETs connected in a bridge configuration (having no other power

d
device) must be operated as a Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)”. This statement is

o
(A) True, because being majority carrier devices MOSFETs are voltage driven.

n
(B) True, because MOSFETs hav inherently anti-parallel diodes

.
(C) False, because it can be operated both as Current Source Inverter (CSI) or

w
a VSI

w
(D) False, because MOSFETs can be operated as excellent constant current
sources in the saturation region.
Sol. 20
w
If we connect the MOSFET with the VSI, but the six MOSFETs are connected in

©
bridge configuration, in that case they also operated as constant current sources
in the saturation region so this statement is false.
Hence (D) is correct option.

Q.21 to Q. 75 carry two marks each

Q. 21 The input signal Vin shown in the figure is a 1 kHz square wave voltage that
alternates between + 7 V and - 7 V with a 50% duty cycle. Both transistor
have the same current gain which is large. The circuit delivers power to the load
resistor RL . What is the efficiency of this circuit for the given input ? choose the
closest answer.
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

(A) 46% (B) 55%

(C) 63% (D) 92%
Sol. 21 This is a class-B amplifier whose efficiency is given as
h = p VP
4 VCC
where VP " peak value of input signal
VCC " supply voltage
here VP = 7 volt, VCC = 10 volt

so, h = p # 7 # 100 = 54.95% - 55%

4 10
Hence (B) is correct option
Q. 22 A, B, C and D are input, and Y is the output bit in the XOR gate circuit of the
figure below. Which of the following statements about the sum S of A, B, C, D
and Y is correct ?

. in
. co
(A) S is always with zero or odd
i a
o d
(B) S is always either zero or even
(C) S = 1 only if the sum of A, B, C and D is even

.n
(D) S = 1 only if the sum of A, B, C and D is odd
Sol. 22

w
In the circuit output Y is given as

w
Y = [A 5 B] 5 [C 5 D]

w
Output Y will be 1 if no. of 1’s in the input is odd.
Hence (D) is correct option.
Q. 23
©
The differential equation dx 1-x
dt = t is discretised using Euler’s numerical integration
method with a time step 3 T > 0 . What is the maximum permissible value of 3 T
to ensure stability of the solution of the corresponding discrete time equation ?
(A) 1 (B) t/2
(C) t (D) 2t
Sol. 23 Hence ( ) is correct option
Q. 24 The switch S in the circuit of the figure is initially closed, it is opened at time t = 0
. You may neglect the zener diode forward voltage drops. What is the behavior
of vout for t > 0 ?
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

(A) It makes a transition from - 5 V to + 5 V at t = 12.98 ms

(B) It makes a transition from - 5 V to + 5 V at t = 2.57 ms
(C) It makes a transition from + 5 V to - 5 V at t = 12.98 ms

in
(D) It makes a transition from + 5 V to - 5 V at t = 2.57 ms

.
In the circuit the capacitor starts charging from 0 V (as switch was initially
Sol. 24

co
closed) towards a steady state value of 20 V.

.
for t < 0 (initial) for t " 3 (steady state)

i a
o d
. n
w
w
So at any time t , voltage across capacitor (i.e. at inverting terminal of op-amp)

w
is given by
vc (t) = vc (3) + [vc (0) - vc (3)] e
-t

©
RC

-t

vc (t) = 20 (1 - e )
RC

Voltage at positive terminal of op-amp

v+ - vout v+ - 0
+ =0
10 100
v+ = 10 vout
11
Due to zener diodes, - 5 # vout # + 5
So, v+ = 10 (5) V
11
Transistor form - 5 V to + 5 V occurs when capacitor charges upto v+ .
So 20 (1 - e - t/RC ) = 10 # 5
11
1-e - t/RC
= 5
22
17 = e - t/RC
22
t = RC ln ` 22 j = 1 # 103 # .01 # 10 - 6 # 0.257
17
= 2.57 msec
Voltage waveforms in the circuit is shown below
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Hence (B) is correct option.

Q. 25 A solid sphere made of insulating material has a radius R and has a total charge
Q distributed uniformly in its volume. What is the magnitude of the electric field
intensity, E , at a distance r (0 < r < R) inside the sphere ?
Qr Qr
(A) 1 (B) 3
4pe0 R3 4pe0 R3

1 Q 1 QR

in
(C) (D)
4pe0 r2 4pe0 r3
Assume a Gaussian surface inside the sphere (x < R)
.
co
Sol. 25

a .
d i
o
.n
w
w
From gauss law

w
y = Q enclosed
y= # D : ds = Q enclosed

©
3
Q 4 pr3 = Qr
Q enclosed = #
3 pR
4 3 3 R 3

3
So, # D : ds = Qr3
R
Qr3 Qr
or D # 4p r 2 = 3 = 1
R 4pe0 R3
a D = e0 E
Hence (A) is correct option.
Q. 26 The figure below shows a three phase self-commutated voltage source converter
connected to a power system. The converter’s dc bus capacitor is marked as C
in the figure. The circuit in initially operating in steady state with d = 0 and the
capacitor dc voltage is equal to Vdc0 . You may neglect all losses and harmonics.
What action should be taken to increase the capacitor dc voltage slowly to a new
steady state value.
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

(A) Make d positive and maintain it at a positive value

(B) Make d positive and return it to its original value
(C) Make d negative and maintain it at a negative value
(D) Make d negative and return it to its original value
Sol. 26 To increase capacitive dc voltage slowly to a new steady state value first we have
to make d =- ve than we have to reach its original value.
Hence (D) is correct option.
Q. 27 The total reactance and total suspectance of a lossless overhead EHV line,
operating at 50 Hz, are given by 0.045 pu and 1.2 pu respectively. If the velocity

in
of wave propagation is 3 # 105 km/s, then the approximate length of the line is
(A) 122 km
.
(B) 172 km

co
(C) 222 km (D) 272 km

a.
Sol. 27 Given that

i
Reactance of line = 0.045 pu & L = .045
2p # 50

o d
Suspectance of Line = 1.2 pu & C = 1 1

n
2p # 50 # 1.2

.
Velocity of wave propagation = 3 # 105 Km/sec

w
Length of line l = ?

w
We know velocity of wave propagation

w
VX = l
LC

©
l = VX LC
l = 3 # 105 .45 1 1
2p # 50 # 2p # 50 # 1.2
l = 172 Km
Hence (B) is correct option.
Q. 28 Consider the protection system shown in the figure below. The circuit breakers
numbered from 1 to 7 are of identical type. A single line to ground fault with zero
fault impedance occurs at the midpoint of the line (at point F), but circuit breaker
4 fails to operate (‘‘Stuck breaker’’). If the relays are coordinated correctly, a
valid sequence of circuit breaker operation is
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

(A) 1, 2, 6, 7, 3, 5 (B) 1, 2, 5, 5, 7, 3
(C) 5, 6, 7, 3, 1, 2 (D) 5, 1, 2, 3, 6, 7
Sol. 28 Due to the fault ‘F’ at the mid point and the failure of
circuit-breaker ‘4’ the sequence of circuit-breaker operation will be
5, 6, 7, 3, 1, 2 (as given in options)
(due to the fault in the particular zone, relay of that particular zone must operate
first to break the circuit, then the back-up protection applied if any failure occurs.)
Hence (C) is correct option
Q. 29 A three phase balanced star connected voltage source with frequency w rad/s
is connected to a star connected balanced load which is purely inductive. The
instantaneous line currents and phase to neutral voltages are denoted by (ia, ib, ic)
and (Van, Vbn, Vcn) respectively, and their rms values are denoted by V and I .
R 1 V
S 0 - 1 WR V
S 3 3 W Sia W
If R = 8Van Vbn Vcn B -S 1 0 1 W Sib W , then the magnitude of
S 3 3 WS W

in
S 1 1 W Sic W
- 0

.
SS 3 3 WW T X
of R is

co
T X
(A) 3VI (B) VI

.
(C) 0.7VI (D) 0
Sol. 29

i R
a V

d
S 0 1 - 1 W
3 W RSiaVW

o
S 3
R = [Van Vbn Vcn] SS- 1 1 W Si W

.n
0 b
3 3 W SS WW
S 1 W i
- 1
c
0 WT X

w
S
S 3 3 W
T X

w
By solving we get
R = ;Van (ib - ic) + Vbn (ic - ia) + Vc (ia - ib)E

w
3 3 3
(ib - ic)
R = 3 (VI) , where = I and Van = V

©
3
Hence (A) is correct option.
Q. 30 Consider a synchronous generator connected to an infinite bus by two identical
parallel transmission line. The transient reactance ‘x’ of the generator is 0.1 pu
and the mechanical power input to it is constant at 1.0 pu. Due to some previous
disturbance, the rotor angle (d) is undergoing an undamped oscillation, with the
maximum value of d (t) equal to 130% .One of the parallel lines trip due to the
relay maloperation at an instant when d (t) = 130% as shown in the figure. The
maximum value of the per unit line reactance, x such that the system does not
lose synchronism subsequent to this tripping is
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

(A) 0.87 (B) 0.74

(C) 0.67 (D) 0.54
Sol. 30 Hence (C) is correct option

. in
. co
i a
o d
Here

. n
P1 " power before the tripping of one ckt

w
P2 " Power after tripping of one ckt

w
P = EV sin d
X
Since
w Pmax = EV
X

©
` P2 max = EX , here, [X2 = (0.1 + X) (pu)]
X2
To find maximum value of X for which system does not loose synchronism
P2 = Pm (shown in above figure)
` EV sin d2 = Pm
X2
as Pm = 1 pu, E = 1.0 pu,V = 1.0 pu
1.0 # 1.0 sin 130c =1
X2
& X2 = 0.77
& (0.1 + X) = 0.77
&X = 0.67
Q. 31 Suppose we define a sequence transformation between ‘‘a-b-c’’ and ‘‘p-n-o’’
variables as follows :
R V R VR V
Sfa W S 1 1 1W Sfp W 2p
Sfb W = k Sa2 a 1W Sfn W where a = e j 3 and k and is a constant
SSf WW SSa a2 1WW SSf WW R V R VR V R V R V
c o
T X T XT X SVp W S0.5 0 0 W Sip W SVa W Sia W
Now, if it is given that : SVn W = S 0 0.5 0 W Sin W and SVb W = Z Sib W then,
SSV WW SS 0 0 2.0 WW SSi WW SSV WW SSi WW
o 0 c c
T X T XT X T X T X
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

R V R V
S 1.0 0.5 0.75 W S1.0 0.5 0.5 W
(A) Z = S0.75 1.0 0.5 W (B) Z = S0.5 1.0 0.5 W
SS 0.5 0.75 1.0 WW SS0.5 0.5 1.0 WW
T R 1.0 0.75 0X.5 V T R 1.0 - 0X.5 - 0.5 V
S W 2S W
(C) Z = 3k2 S 0.5 1.0 0.75 W (D) Z = k S- 0.5 1.0 - 0.5 W
SS0.75 0.5 1.0 WW 3S
S- 0.5 - 0.5 1.0 WW
T X T X
Sol. 31 Given that
FP = KAFS ...(1)
Rf V Rf V
S aW S pW
where, Phase component FP = SfbW, sequence component FS = SfnW
SSf WW SSf WW
c o
R 1 1 1V T X T X
S W
and A = Sa2 a 1W
SS a a2 1WW
T X

in
VP = KAVS
3 ...(2)

.
`
IP = KAIS

co
and VS = Zl [IS ] ...(3)

.
R0.5 0 0 V

a
S W

i
where Zl = S 0 0.5 0 W

d
SS 0 0 2.0WW

o
T X
We have to find out Z if VP = ZIP ...(4)

.n
From equation (2) and (3)
VP = KAZl [IS ]

w
VP = KAZlb A l I p
-1

w
K
-1
VP = AZlA I p ...(5)

w R 1 1 1V
S W

©
` A = Sa2 a 1W
SS a a2 1WW
TAdj A X
` A- 1 =
A
R 2V
S1 a a W
Adj A = S1 a2 a W
S W
S1 1 1 W
A = T1 X
3
R 2V
S1 a a W
A- 1 = 1 S1 a2 a W
3S W
S1 1 1 W
T X
From equation (5)
R 1 1 1VR0.5 0 0VR1 a a2V
S WS WS W
Vp = 1 Sa2 a 1WS 0 0.5 0WS1 a2 a W I p
3S S W
S a a2 1WWSS 0 0 2WWS1 1 1 W
T XT XT X
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

R 1 0.5 0.5V
S W
Vp = S0.5 1 0.5W I p ...(6)
SS0.5 0.5 1 WW
T (5) and X(6)
By comparison of equation
R 1 0.5 0.5V
S W
Z = S0.5 1 0.5W
SS0.5 0.5 1 WW
T
Hence (B) is correct option. X

Q. 32 Consider the two power systems shown in figure A below, which are initially not
interconnected, and are operating in steady state at the same frequency. Separate
load flow solutions are computed individually of the two systems, corresponding
to this scenario. The bus voltage phasors so obtain are indicated on figure A.
These two isolated systems are now interconnected by a short transmission line

in
as shown in figure B, and it is found that P1 = P2 = Q1 = Q2 = 0 .

.
. co
i a
o d
. n
w
w
w
©

The bus voltage phase angular difference between generator bus X and generator
bus Y after interconnection is
(A) 10c (B) 25c
(C) - 30c (D) 30c
Sol. 32 Given that the first two power system are not connected and separately loaded.
Now these are connected by short transmission line.
as P1 = P2 = Q1 = Q2 = 0
So here no energy transfer. The bus bar voltage and phase angle of each system
should be same than angle difference is
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

q = 30c - 20c
= 10c
Hence (A) is correct option.
Q. 33 The Octal equivalent of HEX and number AB.CD is
(A) 253.314 (B) 253.632
(C) 526.314 (D) 526.632
Sol. 33 First convert the given number from hexadecimal to its binary equivalent, then
binary to octal.
Hexadecimal no. AB. CD
Binary equivalent S 1 0 10 S 1 0B0C S
1 0 1 1 $ 1A BB 11 0 1
A B C D
To convert in octal group three binary digits together as shown
S010 S 101 S0 1 1 $S
11 0 S 0 11 S 010
2 5 3 6 3 2
So, (AB.CD) H = (253.632) 8

in
Hence (B) is correct option.

.
co
Q. 34 If x = Re [G (jw)], and y = Im [G (jw)] then for w " 0+ , the Nyquist plot for
G (s) = 1/s (s + 1) (s + 2) is

.
(A) x = 0 (B) x =- 3/4
(C) x = y - 1/6

i a (D) x = y/ 3
Given function is.
d
Sol. 34

1
o
.n
G (s) =
s (s + 1) (s + 2)
1

w
G (jw) =
jw (1 + jw) (2 + jw)
By simplifying
w
w
- jw 1 - jw 2 - jw
G (jw) = c 1 # 1 1
jw - jw mc 1 + jw # 1 - jw mc 2 + jw # 2 - jw m

© = c-
jw 1 - j w 2 - j w
w2 mc 1 + w2 mc 4 + w2 m
- jw (2 - w2 - j3w)
= 2
w (1 + w2) (4 + w2)
- 3w2 jw (w2 - 2)
= +
w2 (1 + w2) (4 + w2) w2 (1 + w2) (4 + w2)
G (jw) = x + iy

x = Re [G (jw)] w " 0 = - 3 =- 3
+
1#4 4
Hence (B) is correct option.
Q. 35 The system 900/s (s + 1) (s + 9) is to be such that its gain-crossover frequency
becomes same as its uncompensated phase crossover frequency and provides a 45c
phase margin. To achieve this, one may use
(A) a lag compensator that provides an attenuation of 20 dB and a phase lag of
45c at the frequency of 3 3 rad/s
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

(B) a lead compensator that provides an amplification of 20 dB and a phase

lead of 45c at the frequency of 3 rad/s
(C) a lag-lead compensator that provides an amplification of 20 dB and a phase
lag of 45c at the frequency of 3 rad/s
(D) a lag-lead compensator that provides an attenuation of 20 dB and phase
lead of 45c at the frequency of 3 rad/s
Sol. 35 Let response of the un-compensated system is
H UC (s) = 900
s (s + 1) (s + 9)
Response of compensated system.
HC (s) = 900 G (s)
s (s + 1) (s + 9) C
Where GC (s) " Response of compensator

in
Given that gain-crossover frequency of compensated system is same as phase

.
crossover frequency of un-compensated system

co
So,
(wg) compensated = (wp) uncompensated
- 180c = +H UC (jwp)

a .
i
w
- 180c =- 90c - tan- 1 (wp) - tan- 1 a p k

d
9
w

o
Jw + p N
90c = tan- 1 KK 9 O
p

n
2 O

.
K1- p Ow
L 9 P

w
w2p
1- =0
9

w wp = 3 rad/sec.
So,
w
©
(wg) compensated = 3 rad/sec.
At this frequency phase margin of compensated system is
fPM = 180c + +HC (jwg)
45c = 180c - 90c - tan- 1 (wg) - tan- 1 (wg /9) + +GC (jwg)
45c = 180c - 90c - tan- 1 (3) - tan- 1 (1/3) + +GC (jwg)
R 1 V
S 3 +
45c = 90c - tan- 1 S 3 WW + +GC (jwg)
SS1 - 3 b 1 lWW
3
T X
45c = 90c - 90c + +GC (jwg)
+GC (jwg) = 45c
The gain cross over frequency of compensated system is lower than un-compensated
system, so we may use lag-lead compensator.
At gain cross over frequency gain of compensated system is unity so.
HC (jwg) = 1
900 GC (jwg)
=1
wg wg2 + 1 wg2 + 81
GC (jwg) = 3 9 + 1 9 + 81
900
= 3 # 30 = 1
900 10
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

in dB GC (wg) = 20 log b 1 l
10
=- 20 dB (attenuation)
Hence (D) is correct option.
Q. 36 Consider the discrete-time system shown in the figure where the impulse response
of G (z) is g (0) = 0, g (1) = g (2) = 1, g (3) = g (4) = g = 0

This system is stable for range of values of K

(A) [- 1, 12 ] (B) [- 1, 1]
(C) [- 2 , 1]
1
(D) [- 12 , 2]
Sol. 36 System response is given as

in
G (z)
H (z) =

.
1 - KG (z)

co
g [n] = d [n - 1] + d [n - 2]

G (z) = z - 1 + z - 2

a .
So H (z) =
i
(z - 1 + z - 2)

d
1 - K (z - 1 + z - 2)

o
.n
= z+1
z2 - Kz - K

w
For system to be stable poles should lie inside unit circle.

w
z #1
2
z = K ! K + 4K # 1

w
2

©
K ! K2 + 4K # 2

K 2 + 4K # 2 - K
K2 + 4K # 4 - 4K + K2
8K # 4
K # 1/2
Hence (A) is correct option.

Q. 37 A signal x (t) is given by

1, - T/4 < t # 3T/4
x (t) = *- 1, 3T/4 < t # 7T/4
- x (t + T)
Which among the following gives the fundamental fourier term of x (t) ?
(A) 4 cos ` pt - p j (B) p cos ` pt + p j
p T 4 4 2T 4
(C) 4 sin ` pt - p j (D) p sin ` pt + p j
p T 4 4 2T 4
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Sol. 37 Given signal has the following wave-form

. in
Function x(t) is periodic with period 2T and given that

co
x (t) =- x (t + T) (Half-wave symmetric)

.
So we can obtain the fourier series representation of given function.

i a
Hence (C) is correct option.

Q. 38

o d
If the loop gain K of a negative feed back system having a loop transfer function

. n
K (s + 3) / (s + 8) 2 is to be adjusted to induce a sustained oscillation then
(A) The frequency of this oscillation must be 4 3 rad/s

w
(B) The frequency of this oscillation must be 4 rad/s

w
(C) The frequency of this oscillation must be 4 or 4 3 rad/s

w
(D) Such a K does not exist

©
Sol. 38 Characteristic equation for the given system,
K (s + 3)
1+ =0
(s + 8) 2
(s + 8) 2 + K (s + 3) = 0
s2 + (16 + K) s + (64 + 3K) = 0

By applying Routh’s criteria.

s2 1 64 + 3K
s1 16 + K 0
s 0
64 + 3K

For system to be oscillatory

16 + K = 0 & K =- 16
Auxiliary equation A (s) = s2 + (64 + 3K) = 0
& s2 + 64 + 3 # (- 16) = 0
s2 + 64 - 48 = 0
s2 =- 16 & jw = 4j
w = 4 rad/sec
Hence (B) is correct option.
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Q. 39 The system shown in figure below

can be reduced to the form

. in
with

co
(A) X = c0 s + c1, Y = 1/ (s2 + a0 s + a1), Z = b0 s + b1
(B) X = 1, Y = (c0 s + c1) / (s2 + a0 s + a1), Z = b0 s + b1

.
(C) X = c1 s + c0, Y = (b1 s + b0) / (s2 + a1 s + a0), Z = 1

a
i
(D) X = c1 s + c0, Y = 1/ (s2 + a1 s + a), Z = b1 s + b0
Sol. 39

o d
From the given block diagram we can obtain signal flow graph of the system.

.n
Transfer function from the signal flow graph is written as
c 0 P + c1 P
s2 s

w
T.F =
a 1 a 0 Pb
1 + + 2 - 2 0 - Pb1

w
s s s s
(c 0 + c1 s) P

w
=
(s2 + a1 s + a 0) - P (b 0 + sb1)

©
(c 0 + c1 s) P
^s + a1 s + a 0h
2
=
P (b + sb1)
1- 2 0
s + a1 s + a 0
from the given reduced form transfer function is given by
T.F = XYP
1 - YPZ
by comparing above two we have
X = (c 0 + c1 s)
Y = 2 1
s + a1 s + a 0
Z = (b 0 + sb1)
Hence (D) is correct option.

Q. 40 The value of # (1 dz
+ z2)
where C is the contour z - i/2 = 1 is
C
(A) 2pi (B) p
-1
(C) tan z (D) pi tan - 1 z
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Sol. 40 Hence (A) is correct option.

Given # dz 2 = # (z + idz ) (z - i)
C
1+z C
Contour z- i =1
2
P(0, 1) lies inside the circle z - i = 1 and P (0, 1) does not lie.
2
So by Cauchy’s integral formula
# dz 2 = 2pi lim (z - i)
(z + i
1
) (z - i)
C
1+z z " i

= 2pi lim 1
z"i z + i

= 2pi # 1
2i
=p

in
Q. 41 A single-phase voltages source inverter is controlled in a single

.
pulse-width modulated mode with a pulse width of 150c in each half cycle. Total

co
harmonic distortion is defined as

.
2
THD = V rms - V 12
# 100

a
V1

i
where V1 is the rms value of the fundamental component of the output voltage.

d
The THD of output ac voltage waveform is

o
(A) 65.65% (B) 48.42%
(C) 31.83%

. n (D) 30.49%

w
Sol. 41 Given that, total harmonic distortion
2
THD = Vrms - V 1 # 100
w
2

V1

w
Pulse width is 150c
Here Vrms = b 150 l Vs = 0.91Vs
180

© V1 = Vrms(fundamental) = 0.4Vs sin 75c = 0.8696Vs

p# 2
(0.91Vs) 2 - (0.87Vs) 2
THD = = 31.9%
(0.87Vs) 2
Hence (C) is correct option
Q. 42 A voltage source inverter is used to control the speed of three-phase, 50 Hz, squirrel
cage induction motor. Its slip for rated torque is 4%. The flux is maintained at
rated value. If the stator resistance and rotational losses are neglected, then the
frequency of the impressed voltage to obtain twice the rated torque at starting
should be
(A) 10 Hz (B) 5 Hz
(C) 4 Hz (D) 2 Hz
Sol. 42 Hence ( ) is Correct Option
Q. 43 A three-phase, 440 V, 50 Hz ac mains fed thyristor bridge is feeding a 440 V dc,
15 kW, 1500 rpm separately excited dc motor with a ripple free continuos current
in the dc link under all operating conditions, Neglecting the losses, the power
factor of the ac mains at half the rated speed is
(A) 0.354 (B) 0.372
(C) 0.90 (D) 0.955
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Sol. 43 When losses are neglected,

3# 2 # 440 cos a = K 750 # 2p
p m#
60
Here back emf e with f is constant
e = V0 = Km wm
440 = Km # 1500 # 2p
60
Km = 2.8
cos a = 0.37
at this firing angle
Vt = 3 2 # 440 # (0.37) = 219.85 V
p
Ia = 1500 = 34.090
440
Isr = Ia 2/3 = 27.83

in
p.f. = Vt Is = 0.354

.
3 Vs Isr
Hence (A) is correct option

co
Q. 44 A single-phase, 230 V, 50 Hz ac mains fed step down transformer (4:1) is supplying

.
power to a half-wave uncontrolled ac-dc converter used for charging a battery(12

a
i
V dc) with the series current limiting resistor being 19.04 W. The charging current

d
is

o
(A) 2.43 A (B) 1.65 A

.n
(C) 1.22 A (D) 1.0 A
Hence (D) is correct option.

w
Sol. 44

Vs = 230 = 57.5

w
4
Here charging current = I

w Vm sin q = 12
q1 = 8.486 = 0.148 radian

© Vm = 81.317 V
e = 12 V
There is no power consumption in battery due to ac current, so average value of
charging current.
Iav(charging) = 1 [2Vm cos q1 - e (p - 2q1)]
2p # 19.04
= 1 [2 V cos q1 - 12 (p - 2q1)]
2p # 19.04 # m #
= 1.059 W/A
Q. 45 A three-phase synchronous motor connected to ac mains is running at full load
and unity power factor. If its shaft load is reduced by half, with field current held
constant, its new power factor will be
(A) unity (B) leading
(C) lagging (D) dependent on machine parameters
Sol. 45 When the 3-f synchronous motor running at full load and unity power factor
and shaft load is reduced half but field current is constant then it gives leading
power factor.
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Hence (B) is correct option.

Q. 46 A 100 kVA, 415 V(line), star-connected synchronous machine
generates rated open circuit voltage of 415 V at a field current
of 15 A. The short circuit armature current at a field current of
10 A is equal to the rated armature current. The per unit saturated synchronous
reactance is
(A) 1.731 (B) 1.5
(C) 0.666 (D) 0.577
Sol. 46 Given star connected synchronous machine, P = 100 kVA
Open circuit voltage V = 415 V and field current is 15 A, short circuit armature
current at a field current of 10 A is equal to rated armature current.
So,

in
Line synchronous impedance
open circuit line voltage
.
co
=
3 # short ckt phase current

.
= 415
100 # 1000

a
3 #c
3 # 415 m
= 1.722

d i
o
Hence (A) is correct option.

. n
Q. 47 A three-phase, three-stack, variable reluctance step motor has 20 poles on each
rotor and stator stack. The step angle of this step motor is
(A) 3c
w (B) 6c

w
(C) 9c (D) 18c

w
Sol. 47 Given 3-f, 3-stack
Variable reluctance step motor has 20-poles

© Step angle = 360 = 6c

3 # 20
Hence (B) is correct option.
Q. 48 A single-phase, 50 kVA, 250 V/500 V two winding transformer has an efficiency
of 95% at full load, unity power factor. If it is re-configured as a 500 V/750 V
auto-transformer, its efficiency at its new rated load at unity power factor will be
(A) 95.752% (B) 97.851%
(C) 98.276% (D) 99.241%
Sol. 48 Given 1-f transformer
P = 50 kVA , V = 250 V/500 V
Two winding transformer efficiency 95% at full load unity power factor.

Efficiency 95% = 50 # 1 # 1
50 # Wcu + Wi
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

So Wcu + Wi = 2.631
Reconfigured as a 500 V/750 V auto-transformer

auto-transformer efficiency
h= 150
150 + 2.631
= 98.276%
Hence (C) is corret option.
Q. 49 A 230 V (Phase), 50 Hz, three-phase, 4-wire, system has a phase sequence ABC.
A unity power-factor load of 4 kW is connected between phase A and neutral N.
It is desired to achieve zero neutral current through the use of a pure inductor

in
and a pure capacitor in the other two phases. The value of inductor and capacitor

.
is

co
(A) 72.95 mH in phase C and 139.02 mF in Phase B

.
(B) 72.95 mH in Phase B and 139.02 mF in Phase C

a
(C) 42.12 mH in Phase C and 240.79 mF in Phase B

i
(D) 42.12 mH in Phase B and 240.79 mF in Phase C

d
o
Sol. 49 Given that,

.n
230 V, 50 Hz, 3-f, 4-wire system
P = Load = 4 kw at unity Power factor

w
IN = 0 through the use of pure inductor and capacitor
L = ?, C = ?

w
Than
a IN = 0 = IA + IB + IC ...(1)

w
Network and its Phasor is being as

Here the inductor is in phase B and capacitor is in Phase C.

We know P = VI
3
So Ia = P = 4 # 10 = 17.39 Amp.
V 230
From equation (1)
IA =- (IB + IC ) a Ib - Ic

IA =-c IB # 3 +I 3
2 m
` C #
2

` IA = 3 IB = 3 IC
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

IB - IC = 17.39 - 10 Amp
3

Now XC = V = 230 - 23 W
IC 10
and XC = 1
2pfC
&C = 1 = 1
2pfXC 2p # 50 # 23
= 139.02 mF

XL = V = 230 - 23 W
IL 10
= 2pfL
&L = XL = 23 = 72.95 mH
2pf 2p # 100

in
So L = 72.95 mH in phase B
C = 139.02 mF in phase C
.
co
Hence (B) is correct option.
Q. 50

a .
The state equation for the current I1 in the network shown below in terms of the

i
voltage VX and the independent source V , is given by

o d
. n
w
w
(A) dI1 =- 1.4VX - 3.75I1 + 5 V (B) dI1 = 1.4VX - 3.75I1 - 5 V

w
dt 4 dt 4
(C) dI1 =- 1.4VX + 3.75I1 + 5 V (D) dI1 =- 1.4VX + 3.75I1 - 5 V

©
dt 4 dt 4
Sol. 50 By writing KVL for both the loops
V - 3 (I1 + I2) - Vx - 0.5 dI1 = 0
dt
V - 3I1 - 3I2 - Vx - 0.5 dI1 = 0
dt
...(1)
in second loop
- 5I2 + 0.2Vx + 0.5 dI1 = 0
dt
I2 = 0.04Vx + 0.1 dI1 ...(2)
dt
Put I2 from eq(2) into eq(2)
V - 3I1 - 3 :0.04Vx + 0.1 dI1 D - Vx - 0.5 dI1 = 0
dt dt
0.8 dI1 =- 1.12Vx - 3I1 + V
dt
dI1 =- 1.4V - 3.75I + 5 V
x 1
dt 4
Hence (A) is correct option
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Q. 51 If u (t), r (t) denote the unit step and unit ramp functions respectively and
u (t) * r (t) their convolution, then the function u (t + 1) * r (t - 2) is given by
(A) 12 (t - 1) u (t - 1) (B) 12 (t - 1) u (t - 2)
(C) 1
2 (t - 1) 2 u (t - 1) (D) None of the above
Sol. 51 Given Convolution is,
h (t) = u (t + 1) ) r (t - 2)
Taking Laplace transform on both sides,
H (s) = L [h (t)] = L [u (t + 1)] ) L [r (t - 2)]
We know that, L [u (t)] = 1/s
L [u (t + 1)] = es c 12 m
(Time-shifting property) s
and L [r (t)] = 1/s2
L [r (t - 2) = e - 2s c 12 m
(Time-shifting property) s

in
So H (s) = ;es ` 1 jE;e - 2s c 12 mE
s s

.
-s 1
H (s) = e c 3 m

co
s
Taking inverse Laplace transform

a .
h (t) = 1 (t - 1) 2 u (t - 1)

i
2
Hence (C) is correct option.

o d
.n
2p
Q. 52 The integral 1 #0 sin (t - t) cos tdt equals
2p

w
(A) sin t cos t (B) 0
(C) (1/2) cos t (D) (1/2) sin t
Sol. 52
w
Hence ( ) is correct Option
Q. 53
w
X (z) = 1 - 3z - 1, Y (z) = 1 + 2z - 2 are Z transforms of two signals x [n], y [n]

©
respectively. A linear time invariant system has the impulse response h [n] defined
by these two signals as h [n] = x [n - 1] * y [n] where * denotes discrete time
convolution. Then the output of the system for the input d [n - 1]
(A) has Z-transform z - 1 X (z) Y (z)
(B) equals d [n - 2] - 3d [n - 3] + 2d [n - 4] - 6d [n - 5]
(C) has Z-transform 1 - 3z - 1 + 2z - 2 - 6z - 3
(D) does not satisfy any of the above three
Sol. 53 Impulse response of given LTI system.
h [n] = x [n - 1] ) y [n]
Taking z -transform on both sides.
H (z) = z - 1 X (z) Y (z)
a x [n - 1] z - 1 x (z)
Z

We have X (z) = 1 - 3z - 1 and Y (z) = 1 + 2z - 2

So
H (z) = z - 1 (1 - 3z - 1) (1 + 2z - 2)
Output of the system for input u [n] = d [n - 1] is ,
y (z) = H (z) U (z)
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

U (z) = z - 1
Z
U [n]
So
Y (z) = z - 1 (1 - 3z - 1) (1 + 2z - 2) z - 1
= z - 2 (1 - 3z - 1 + 2z - 2 - 6z - 3)
= z - 2 - 3z - 3 + 2 z - 4 - 6z - 5
Taking inverse z-transform on both sides we have output.
y [n] = d [n - 2] - 3d [n - 3] + 2d [n - 4] - 6d [n - 5]
Hence (C) is correct option.
Q. 54 A loaded dice has following probability distribution of occurrences

Dice Value 1 2 3 4 5 6
Probability 1/4 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/4

in
If three identical dice as the above are thrown, the probability of occurrence of

.
values 1, 5 and 6 on the three dice is

co
(A) same as that of occurrence of 3, 4, 5
(B) same as that of occurrence of 1, 2, 5
(C) 1/128

a .
(D) 5/8

d i
o
Sol. 54 Probability of occurrence of values 1,5 and 6 on the three dice is

n
P (1, 5, 6) = P (1) P (5) P (6)

. = 1#1#1

w
4 8 4
= 1
w 128

w
In option (A)
P (3, 4, 5) = P (3) P (4) P (5)

© =1#1#1
8 8 8
= 1
512
In option (B)
P (1, 2, 5) = P (1) P (2) P (5)
= 1#1#1
4 8 8
= 1
256
Hence (C) is correct option.
Q. 55 Let x and y be two vectors in a 3 dimensional space and < x, y > denote their
dot product. Then the determinant
< x, x > < x, y >
det =< y, x > < y, y >G
(A) is zero when x and y are linearly independent
(B) is positive when x and y are linearly independent
(C) is non-zero for all non-zero x and y
(D) is zero only when either x or y is zero
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Sol. 55 Hence (D) is correct option.

x$x x$y
det >y $ x y $ yH = (x : x) (y : y) - (x : y) (y : x)

= 0 only when x or y is zero

Q. 56 The linear operation L (x) is defined by the cross product L (x) = b # x , where
b = 80 1 0B and x = 8x1 x2 x3 B are three dimensional vectors. The 3 # 3 matrix
T T

M of this operations satisfies

R V
Sx1 W
L (x) = M Sx2 W
SSx WW
3
Then the eigenvalues of TMX are
(A) 0, + 1, - 1 (B) 1, - 1, 1
(C) i, - i, 1 (D) i, - i, 0
Sol. 56 Hence ( ) is Correct Option
In the figure, transformer T1 has two secondaries, all three windings having the

in
Q. 57
same number of turns and with polarities as indicated. One secondary is shorted

.
by a 10 W resistor R, and the other by a 15 mF capacitor. The switch SW is opened

co
(t = 0) when the capacitor is charged to 5 V with the left plate as positive. At

.
t = 0 + the voltage VP and current IR are

i a
o d
.n
w
w
(A) - 25 V, 0.0 A

w
(B) very large voltage, very large
current

©
(C) 5.0 V, 0.5 A (D) - 5.0 V, - 0.5 A
Sol. 57 Hence ( ) is Correct Option
Q. 58 IC 555 in the adjacent figure is configured as an astable multi-vibrator. It is
enabled to to oscillate at t = 0 by applying a high input to pin 4. The pin
description is : 1 and 8-supply; 2-trigger; 4-reset; 6-threshold 7-discharge. The
waveform appearing across the capacitor starting from t = 0 , as observed on a
storage CRO is
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

in
In a 555 astable multi vibrator circuit, charging of capacitor occurs through

.
Sol. 58

resistor (RA + RB) and discharging through resistor RB only. Time for charging

co
and discharging is given as.

.
TC = 0.693 (RA + RB) C

TD = 0.693 RB C
i a
o d
But in the given circuit the diode will go in the forward bias during charging, so

n
the capacitor will charge through resistor RA only and discharge through RB only.
a
.
RA = RB

w
So TC = TD

w
Hence (B) is correct option.

w
Q. 59 In the circuit of adjacent figure the diode connects the ac source to a pure
inductance L.

©
The diode conducts for
(A) 90c (B) 180c
(C) 270c (D) 360c
Sol. 59 Conduction angle for diode is 270c as shown in fig.

Hence (C) is correct option.

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Q. 60 The circuit in the figure is a current commutated dc-dc chopper where, Th M is

the main SCR and Th AUX is the auxiliary SCR. The load current is constant at
10 A. Th M is ON. Th AUX is trigged at t = 0 . Th M is turned OFF between.

(A) 0 ms < t # 25 ms (B) 25 ms < t # 50 ms

(C) 50 ms < t # 75 ms (D) 75 ms < t # 100 ms
Sol. 60 Hence ( ) is correct option.
Q. 61 In the circuit shown in figure. Switch SW1 is initially closed and SW2 is open.

in
The inductor L carries a current of 10 A and the capacitor charged to 10 V with

.
polarities as indicated. SW2 is closed at t = 0 and SW1 is opened at t = 0 . The

co
current through C and the voltage across L at (t = 0+) is

a .
d i
o
(A) 55 A, 4.5 V
.n (B) 5.5 A, 45 V
(C) 45 A, 5.5 A
w (D) 4.5 A, 55 V
Sol. 61
w
At t = 0+ , when switch positions are changed inductor current and capacitor

w
voltage does not change simultaneously
So at t = 0+

© vc (0+) = vc (0-) = 10 V
iL (0+) = iL (0-) = 10 A
The equivalent circuit is

by applying KCL
vL (0+) vL (0+) - vc (0+)
+ = iL (0+) = 10
10 10
2vL (0+) - 10 = 100
Voltage across inductor at t = 0+
vL (0+) = 100 + 10 = 55 V
2
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

So, current in capacitor at t = 0+

vL (0+) - vc (0+)
iC (0+) =
10
= 55 - 10 = 4.5 A
10
Hence (D) is correct option.
Q. 62 The R-L-C series circuit shown in figure is supplied from a variable frequency
voltage source. The admittance - locus of the R-L-C network at terminals AB for
increasing frequency w is

. in
. co
i a
o d
. n
w
w
w
©
Sol. 62 Impedance of the given network is
Z = R + j b wL - 1 l
wC
Admittance
Y = 1= 1
Z R + j wL - 1
b wC l
R - j b wL - 1 l
1 wC
= #
R + j b wL - 1 R - j b wL - 1 l
wC l wC
R - j b wL - 1 l
wC
=
R + b wL - 1 l
2
2
wC

j b wL - 1 l
R wC
= 2 -
R + b wL - 1 R + b wL - 1 l
2

wC l
2 2
wC
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

= Re (Y) + Im (Y)
By varying frequency for Re (Y) and Im (Y) we can obtain the admittance-
locus.

Hence (A) is correct option.

Q. 63 In the figure given below all phasors are with reference to the potential at point
''O'' . The locus of voltage phasor VYX as R is varied from zero to infinity is shown

in
by

.
. co
i a
o d
.n
w
w
w
©

Sol. 63 In the circuit

VX = V+0c
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Vy - 2V+0c
+ (Vy) jwC = 0
R
Vy (1 + jwCR) = 2V+0c
Vy = 2V+0c
1 + jwCR
VYX = VX - VY
= V- 2V
1 + jwCR
R " 0, VYX = V - 2V =- V
R " 3, VYX = V - 0 = V
Hence (B) is correct option.
Q. 64 A 3 V DC supply with an internal resistance of 2 W supplies a passive non-linear
2
resistance characterized by the relation VNL = INL

in
. The power dissipated in the
non linear resistance is
(A) 1.0 W
.
(B) 1.5 W

co
(C) 2.5 W (D) 3.0 W
Sol. 64 The circuit is

a .
d i
n o
.
w
w
Applying KVL
2
3 - 2 # I NL = VNL

w
2 2
3 - 2I NL = I NL
2
3I NL = 3 & INL = 1 A

© VNL = (1) 2 = 1 V
So power dissipated in the non-linear resistance
P = VNL INL
= 1#1 = 1 W
Hence (A) is correct option.
Q. 65 Consider the feedback system shown below which is subjected to a unit step
input. The system is stable and has following parameters Kp = 4, Ki = 10, w = 500
and x = 0.7 .The steady state value of Z is

(A) 1 (B) 0.25

(C) 0.1 (D) 0
Sol. 65 For the given system Z is given by
Z = E (s) Ki
s
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Where E (s) " steady state error of the system

Here
sR (s)
E (s) = lim
s " 0 1 + G (s) H (s)

Input R (s) = 1 (Unit step)

s

G (s) = b Ki + K p le 2 w2
s s + 2xws + w2 o
H (s) = 1 (Unity feed back)
So,
R V
S sb 1 l W
s
Z = lim S Wb Ki l
s"0S K w2
W s
S1 + b s + K p l (s2 + 2xws + w2) W
i

T X
= lim Ki
>s + (Ki + K p s) 2 w H
in
s"0 2

.
(s + 2xws + w2)

co
= Ki = 1
Ki
Hence (A) is correct option.

a .
i
Q. 66 A three-phase squirrel cage induction motor has a starting torque of 150% and a

d
maximum torque of 300% with respect to rated torque at rated voltage and rated

o
frequency. Neglect the stator resistance and rotational losses. The value of slip

.n
for maximum torque is
(A) 13.48% (B) 16.42%
(C) 18.92%
w (D) 26.79%
Sol. 66

w
Given a 3-f squirrel cage induction motor starting torque is 150% and maximum

w
torque 300%
So

© TStart = 1.5TFL
Tmax = 3TFL
Then
TStart = 1 ...(1)
Tmax 2
TStart = 2S max ...(2)
Tmax S2max + 12
from equation (1) and (2)
2S max = 1
2
S max + 1 2
2
S max - 4S max + 1 = 0
So
S max = 26.786%
Hence (D) is correct option
Q. 67 The matrix A given below in the node incidence matrix of a network. The columns
correspond to branches of the network while the rows correspond to nodes. Let
V = [V1V2 .....V6]T denote the vector of branch voltages while I = [i1 i2 .....i6]T that
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

of branch currents. The vector E = [e1 e2 e3 e4]T denotes the vector of node voltages
relative to a common ground.
R1 1 1 0 0 0 V
S W
S 0 -1 0 -1 1 0 W
S- 1 0 0 0 - 1 - 1W
S W
S 0 0 -1 1 0 1 W
T X
Which of the following statement is true ?
(A) The equations V1 - V2 + V3 = 0,V3 + V4 - V5 = 0 are KVL equations for the
network for some loops
(B) The equations V1 - V3 - V6 = 0,V4 + V5 - V6 = 0 are KVL equations for the
network for some loops
(C) E = AV
(D) AV = 0 are KVI equations for the network

. in
Sol. 67 In node incidence matrix
b1 b 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 b 6

co
R V
n1 S 1 1 1 0 0 0 W

.
n2S 0 - 1 0 - 1 1 0 W

a
n 3SS- 1 0 0 0 - 1 - 1WW

d
n 4S 0 0 - 1 1 0 1 W
T i X
In option (C)

n o
.
E = AV
R V
S1 1 1 0 0 0W

w S 0 -1 0 -1 1 0 W
8e1 e2 e 3 e 4B = S- 1 0 0 0 - 1 - 1W8V1 V2 -- V6B

w
T T

S W

w
S 0 0 -1 1 0 1 W
T X
R V R V

©
e
S 1W S 1 V + V2 + V3 W
Se2W S- V2 - V4 + V5W
Se W = S- V - V - V W which is true.
S 3W S 1 5 6W
Se 4W S- V3 + V4 + V6W
T X T X
Hence (C) is correct option.
Q. 68 An isolated 50 Hz synchronous generator is rated at 15 MW which is also the
maximum continuous power limit of its prime mover. It is equipped with a speed
governor with 5% droop. Initially, the generator is feeding three loads of 4 MW
each at 50 Hz. One of these loads is programmed to trip permanently if the
frequency falls below 48 Hz .If an additional load of 3.5 MW is connected then
the frequency will settle down to
(A) 49.417 Hz (B) 49.917 Hz
(C) 50.083 Hz (D) 50.583 Hz
Sol. 68 Maximum continuous power limit of its prime mover with speed governor of 5%
droop.
Generator feeded to three loads of 4 MW each at 50 Hz.
Now one load Permanently tripped
` f = 48 Hz
If additional load of 3.5 MW is connected than f = ?
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

a Change in Frequency w.r.t to power is given as

drop out frequency
Df = # Change in power
rated power
= 5 # 3.5 = 1.16%
15
= 1.16 # 50 = 0.58 Hz
100
System frequency is = 50 - 0.58

= 49.42 Hz
Hence (A) is correct option.
Q. 69 Which one of the following statements regarding the INT (interrupt) and the
BRQ (but request) pins in a CPU is true?
(A) The BRQ pin is sampled after every instruction cycle, but the INT is
sampled after every machine cycle.
(B) Both INT and BRQ are samped after every machine cycle.

in
(C) The INT pin is sampled after every instruction cycle, but the BRQ is
sampled after every machine cycle.
.
co
(D) Both INT and BRQ are sampled after every instruction cycle.
Sol. 69 Hence ( ) is correct Option

a .
Q. 70

d i
A bridge circuit is shown in the figure below. Which one of the sequence given
below is most suitable for balancing the bridge ?

o
.n
w
w
w
©
(A) First adjust R4 , and then adjust R1
(B) First adjust R2 , and then adjust R3
(C) First adjust R2 , and then adjust R4
(D) First adjust R4 , and then adjust R2
Sol. 70 To balance the bridge
(R1 + jX1) (R 4 - jX 4) = R2 R 3
(R1 R 4 + X1 X 4) + j (X1 R 4 - R1 X 4) = R2 R 3
comparing real and imaginary parts on both sides of equations
R1 R 4 + X1 X 4 = R 2 R 3 ...(1)
X1 R 4 - R1 X 4 = 0 & X1 = R 1 ...(2)
X4 R4
from eq (1) and (2) it is clear that for balancing the bridge first balance R 4 and
then R1 .
Hence (A) is correct option
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Common Data Questions

Common Data for Questions 71, 72, 73:

A three phase squirrel cage induction motor has a starting current of seven times
the full load current and full load slip of 5%
Q. 71 If an auto transformer is used for reduced voltage starting to provide 1.5 per unit
starting torque, the auto transformer ratio(%) should be
(A) 57.77 % (B) 72.56 %
(C) 78.25 % (D) 81.33 %
Sol. 71 Given 3-f squirrel cage induction motor has a starting current of seven the full
load current and full load slip is 5%

in
ISt = 7I Fl

.
S Fl = 5%

co
TSt = ISt 2 x2 S
TFl bTFl l # # Fl

.
1.5 = (7) 2 # x2 # 0.05

a
x = 78.252%
Hence (C) is correct option.

d i
o
Q. 72 If a star-delta starter is used to start this induction motor, the per unit starting

n
torque will be

.
(A) 0.607 (B) 0.816

w
(C) 1.225 (D) 1.616

w
Sol. 72 Star delta starter is used to start this induction motor

w
So
TSt = 1 ISt 2 S
b I Fl l # Fl

©
TFl 3 #

= 1 # 72 # 0.05
3
TSt = 0.816
TFl
Hence (B) is correct option.
Q. 73 If a starting torque of 0.5 per unit is required then the per unit starting current
should be
(A) 4.65 (B) 3.75
(C) 3.16 (D) 2.13
Sol. 73 Given starting torque is 0.5 p.u.
So,
TSt = Isc 2 S
TFl b I Fl l # Fl

0.5 = b Isc l # 0.05

2

I Fl
Per unit starting current
Isc = 0.5 = 3.16 A
I Fl 0.05
Hence (C) is correct option.
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Common Data for Questions 74, 75:

A 1:1 Pulse Transformer (PT) is used to trigger the SCR in
the adjacent figure. The SCR is rated at 1.5 kV, 250 A with
IL = 250 mA, IH = 150 mA, and IG max = 150 mA, IG min = 100 mA. The SCR is
connected to an inductive load, where L = 150 mH in series with a small resistance
and the supply voltage is 200 V dc. The forward drops of all transistors/diodes
and gate-cathode junction during ON state are 1.0 V

. in
co
Q. 74 The resistance R should be
(A) 4.7 kW (B) 470 kW

.
(C) 47 W (D) 4.7 W
Sol. 74 Here, Vm
i a
= maximum pulse voltage that can be applied
so

o d
= 10 - 1 - 1 - 1 = 7 V
Here 1 V drop is in primary transistor side, so that we get 9V pulse on the

.n
secondary side. Again there are 1 V drop in diode and in gate cathode junction
each.

w
I g max = 150 mA

w R = Vm = 7

w
So = 46.67 W
Ig max 150 mA

©
Hence (C) is correct option.
Q. 75 The minimum approximate volt-second rating of pulse transformer suitable for
triggering the SCR should be : (volt-second rating is the maximum of product of
the voltage and the width of the pulse that may applied)
(A) 2000 mV-s (B) 200 mV-s
(C) 20 mV-s (D) 2 mV-s
Sol. 75 We know that the pulse width required is equal to the time taken by ia to rise
upto iL
so,
Vs = L di + Ri (VT . 0)
dt
ia = 200 [1 - e- t/0.15]
1
Here also t = T, ia = iL = 0.25
0.25 = 200 [1 - e- T/0.5]
T = 1.876 # 10- 4 = 187.6 ms
Width of pulse = 187.6 ms
Magnitude of voltage = 10 V
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Vsec rating of P.T. = 10 # 187.6 ms

= 1867 mV-s is approx to 2000 mV-s
Hence (A) is correct option.

Linked Answer Questions : Q-76 to Q-85 carry two marks each

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 76 and 77:

An inductor designed with 400 turns coil wound on an iron core of 16 cm2 cross
sectional area and with a cut of an air gap length of 1 mm. The coil is connected
to a 230 V, 50 Hz ac supply. Neglect coil resistance, core loss, iron reluctance and
leakage inductance, (m0 = 4p # 10 - 7 H/M)

in
Q. 76 The current in the inductor is

.
(A) 18.08 A (B) 9.04 A

co
(C) 4.56 A (D) 2.28 A

.
Sol. 76 Inductance is given as

i a
m N2 A
L = 0

d
l

o
4p # 10- 7 # (400) 2 # (16 # 10- 4)
=

n
(1 # 10- 3)

.
= 321.6 mH
V = IXL
w
w= 230 ` XL = 2pfL
2pfL

w = 230

©
2 # 3.14 # 50 # 321.6 # 10- 3
= 2.28 A
Hence (D) is correct option.
Q. 77 The average force on the core to reduce the air gap will be
(A) 832.29 N (B) 1666.22 N
(C) 3332.47 N (D) 6664.84 N
Sol. 77 Energy stored is inductor
E = 1 LI2
2
1
E = # 321.6 # 10- 3 # (2.28) 2
2
Force required to reduce the air gap of length 1 mm is
F = E = 0.835- 3
l 1 # 10
= 835 N
Hence (A) is correct option.

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 78 and 79

Cayley-Hamilton Theorem states that a square matrix satisfies its own
characteristic equation. Consider a matrix
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

-3 2
A ==
- 2 0G
Q. 78 A satisfies the relation
(A) A + 3I + 2A - 1 = 0 (B) A2 + 2A + 2I = 0
(C) (A + I) (A + 2I) (D) exp (A) = 0
Sol. 78 For characteristic equation
-3 - l 2
> - 1 0 - lH = 0

or (- 3 - l) (- l) + 2 = 0
(l + 1) (l + 2) = 0
According to Cayley-Hamiliton theorem
(A + I) (A + 2I) = 0
Hence (C) is correct option.
Q. 79 A9 equals

in
(A) 511A + 510I (B) 309A + 104I

.
(C) 154A + 155I (D) exp (9A)

co
Sol. 79 According to Cayley-Hamiliton theorem

.
(A + I) (A + 2I) = 0
or

i
A2 + 3A + 2I = 0
a
d
or A2 =- (3A + 2I)

o
or A 4 = (3A + 2I) 2 = (9A2 + 12A + 4I)

.n
= 9 (- 3A - 2I) + 12A + 4I
=- 15A - 14I

w
A = (- 15A - 14I) 2 = 225A2 + 420A + 196
8

w = 225 (- 3A - 2I) + 420A + 196I

w
=- 255A - 254I
A9 =- 255A2 - 254A

© =- 255 (- 3A - 2I) - 254A = 511A + 510I

Hence (A) is correct option.

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 80 and 81:

Consider the R-L-C circuit shown in figure

Q. 80 For a step-input ei , the overshoot in the output e0 will be

(A) 0, since the system is not under damped
(B) 5 %
(C) 16 %
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

(D) 48 %
Sol. 80 System response of the given circuit can be obtained as.
1
e 0 (s) bCs l
H (s) = =
ei (s) 1
bR + Ls + Cs l

H (s) = 1
LCs2 + RCs + 1
1
b LC l
H (s) =
s2 + R s + 1
L LC
Characteristic equation is given by,
s2 + R s + 1 = 0

in
L LC

.
Here natural frequency wn = 1

co
LC
2xwn = R

.
L
Damping ratio x = R LC
2L
i a
x =R C

o
2 Ld
Here
. n
w
x = 10 1 # 10- 3 = 0.5 (under damped)
2 10 # 10- 6

w
So peak overshoot is given by

w
- px
% peak overshoot = e 1 - x2 # 100

©
- p # 0.5
= e 1 - (0.5) # 100 = 16%
2

Hence (C) is correct option

Q. 81 If the above step response is to be observed on a non-storage CRO, then it would
be best have the ei as a
(A) Step function (B) Square wave of 50 Hz
(C) Square wave of 300 Hz (D) Square wave of 2.0 KHz
Sol. 81 Hence ( ) is Correct Option.

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 82 and 83:

The associated figure shows the two types of rotate right instructions R1, R2
available in a microprocessor where Reg is a 8-bit register adn C is the carry bit.
The rotate left instructions L1 and L2 are similar except that C now links the
most significant bit of Reg instead of the least significant one.
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Q. 82 Suppose Reg contains the 2’s complement number 11010110. If this number is
divided by 2 the answer should be
(A) 01101011 (B) 10010101
(C) 11101001 (D) 11101011
Sol. 82 Hence ( ) is Correct Option.
Q. 83 Such a division can be correctly performed by the following set of operatings
(A) L2, R2, R1 (B) L2, R1, R2
(C) R2, L1, R1 (D) R1, L2, R2
Sol. 83 Hence ( ) is Correct Option.

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 84 and 85:

Q. 84 A signal is processed by a causal filter with transfer function G (s)
For a distortion free output signal wave form, G (s) must

in
(A) provides zero phase shift for all frequency

.
(B) provides constant phase shift for all frequency

co
(C) provides linear phase shift that is proportional to frequency

.
(D) provides a phase shift that is inversely proportional to frequency
Sol. 84

i a
Output is said to be distortion less if the input and output have identical wave

d
shapes within a multiplicative constant. A delayed output that retains input

o
waveform is also considered distortion less.

.n
Thus for distortion less output, input-output relationship is given as
y (t) = Kg (t - td )

w
Taking Fourier transform.

w
Y (w) = KG (w) e - jwt d

w
Y (w) = G (w) H (w)
H (w) & transfer function of the system

©
So, H (w) = Ke - jwt d

Amplitude response H (w) = K

Phase response qn (w) =- wtd
For distortion less output, phase response should be proportional to frequency.
Hence (C) is correct option.
Q. 85 G (z) = az - 1 + bz - 3 is a low pass digital filter with a phase characteristics same as
that of the above question if
(A) a = b (B) a =- b
(C) a = b(1/3) (D) a = b(- 1/3)
Sol. 85 Hence (A) is correct option.
G (z) z = e jw
= ae- jw + be- 3jw

for linear phase characteristic a = b .

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE 2007

Answer Sheet
1. (D) 19. (C) 37. (C) 55. (D) 73. (C)
2. (B) 20. (D) 38. (B) 56. (*) 74. (C)
3. (A) 21. (B) 39. (D) 57. (*) 75. (A)
4. (C) 22. (D) 40. (A) 58. (B) 76. (D)
5. (C) 23. (*) 41. (C) 59. (C) 77. (A)
6. (B) 24. (B) 42. (*) 60. (*) 78. (C)
7. (D) 25. (A) 43. (A) 61. (D) 79. (A)
8. (D) 26. (D) 44. (D) 62. (A) 80. (C)
9. (D) 27. (B) 45. (B) 63. (B) 81. (*)

in
10. (D) 28. (C) 46. (A) 64. (A) 82. (*)

.
co
11. (A) 29. (A) 47. (B) 65. (A) 83. (*)
12. (*) 30. (C) 48. (C) 66. (D) 84. (C)

a.
13. (A) 31. (B) 49. (B) 67. (C) 85. (A)

i
14. (C) 32. (A) 50. (A) 68. (A)
15.
16.
(C)
(B)
33.
34.
(B)
(B)
51.

o
52. d (C)
(*)
69.
70.
(*)
(A)
17. (B) 35.
.
(D)
n53. (C) 71. (C)

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18. (B) 36. (A) 54. (C) 72. (B)

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