Plate 11 Vergilius Romanus

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PLATE 11

Vergilius Romanus
fol. lr Eclogues

Whereas the illustrations of the Vergilius Vaticanus (Plates 1-4) and the Milan
Iliad (Plates 7-10) are still deeply steeped in a painterly classical tradition,
those of the Vergilius Romanus show the beginnings of a process of linear

abstraction in the design of the human body and the abandonment of natural
spatial relationships.

The very first miniature, heading the First Eclogue, still shows remnants of a
classical style: Tityrus the cowherd sits at the left under a wide-branched tree

and contentedly plays his flute, while three cows peep out from behind the tree;

Meliboeus the goatherd, in agreement with the text, leads one of the goats by
its horns. Other goats peep out from behind a tree at the right, showing the art-

ist's almost desperate attempt to save the appearance of a spatial setting. At the
same time, the unique lack of a frame still shows adherence to the tradition of

papyrus illustration.

On the one hand, this is a pretentious manuscript written in an artificial

uncial twice the normal size, and on the other, it is illustrated by artists who try

to balance weakness in the design of the human body by an unusually large


scale, giving to the miniatures a monumentality which is somewhat in contrast

to the intimacy of the subject.

The artist who begins the illustration maintains some adherence to natural
human proportions and freedom of motion and gesture. With the second minia-

ture, another artist, of a very different background and training, takes over.
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