INTERNATIONAL CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CHART

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www.stratigraphy.org International Commission on Stratigraphy v 2014/02

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GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP
GSSA
numerical numerical numerical Eonothem numerical
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Series / Epoch Stage / Age Series / Epoch Stage / Age Series / Epoch Stage / Age / Eon Erathem / Era System / Period
Er

Er

Er
age (Ma) age (Ma) age (Ma) age (Ma)
present ~ 145.0 358.9 ± 0.4 ~ 541.0 ±1.0
Quaternary

Holocene Tithonian Ediacaran

0.0117 ~ 635
Upper 152.1 ±0.9 Famennian
0.126 Upper Kimmeridgian Neo- Cryogenian
Middle 157.3 ±1.0 Upper proterozoic 850
Pleistocene 0.781 372.2 ±1.6
Calabrian Oxfordian Tonian
1.80 163.5 ±1.0 Frasnian 1000
Callovian

Devonian
Gelasian

Jurassic
166.1 ±1.2 382.7 ±1.6 Stenian
2.58 Bathonian 168.3 ±1.3
Piacenzian Middle Bajocian Givetian 1200
Pliocene 3.600 170.3 ±1.4
Middle 387.7 ±0.8 Meso-
Zanclean Aalenian proterozoic Ectasian

Proterozoic
5.333 174.1 ±1.0 Eifelian 1400
Messinian 393.3 ±1.2
Neogene

7.246 Toarcian Calymmian

Tortonian 182.7 ±0.7 1600
Emsian

Mesozoic
11.62 Pliensbachian
Lower Statherian
Serravallian 13.82 190.8 ±1.0 Lower 407.6 ±2.6
1800
Miocene Pragian

Precambrian
410.8 ±2.8
Cenozoic

Langhian 15.97
Sinemurian Orosirian
199.3 ±0.3 Lochkovian Paleo-
Burdigalian Hettangian 201.3 ±0.2 419.2 ±3.2 proterozoic 2050
20.44 Rhyacian
Aquitanian Rhaetian Pridoli
23.03 ~ 208.5 423.0 ±2.3 2300
Ludfordian 425.6 ±0.9
Chattian Ludlow Siderian

Silurian
28.1 Gorstian
Oligocene Upper Norian 427.4 ±0.5 2500
Homerian
Triassic

Rupelian Wenlock 430.5 ±0.7 Neo-

33.9 ~ 227 Sheinwoodian 433.4 ±0.8 archean
Priabonian Carnian Telychian 2800
Paleogene

38.0 ~ 237

Archean
Bartonian Llandovery 438.5 ±1.1 Meso-
41.3 Ladinian Aeronian 440.8 ±1.2 archean
Phanerozoic

Phanerozoic

Phanerozoic
Eocene Middle ~ 242 Rhuddanian
Lutetian

Paleozoic
Anisian 443.4 ±1.5 3200
47.8 247.2 Hirnantian 445.2 ±1.4 Paleo-
Lower Olenekian 251.2
Ypresian Induan Upper Katian archean
252.17 ±0.06
56.0 Changhsingian 453.0 ±0.7 3600
254.14 ±0.07

Ordovician
Thanetian 59.2 Lopingian Sandbian Eo-
Paleocene Selandian Wuchiapingian 458.4 ±0.9
61.6 259.8 ±0.4 archean
Danian Capitanian Darriwilian 4000
265.1 ±0.4 Middle
66.0 Guadalupian 467.3 ±1.1
Wordian Hadean
Permian

268.8 ±0.5 Dapingian 470.0 ±1.4

Maastrichtian
72.1 ±0.2 Roadian Floian ~ 4600
272.3 ±0.5
Campanian Kungurian Lower 477.7 ±1.4 Units of all ranks are in the process of being defined by Global
283.5 ±0.6 Tremadocian Boundary Stratotype Section and Points (GSSP) for their lower
83.6 ±0.2 boundaries, including those of the Archean and Proterozoic, long
Upper Santonian 86.3 ±0.5 Artinskian 485.4 ±1.9 defined by Global Standard Stratigraphic Ages (GSSA). Charts and
Cisuralian 290.1 ±0.26 Stage 10 detailed information on ratified GSSPs are available at the website
Coniacian ~ 489.5
Paleozoic

89.8 ±0.3 Sakmarian Furongian http://www.stratigraphy.org. The URL to this chart is found below.
295.0 ±0.18 Jiangshanian
Turonian ~ 494
Cretaceous

93.9 Asselian 298.9 ±0.15 Paibian Numerical ages are subject to revision and do not define units in
Mesozoic

~ 497 the Phanerozoic and the Ediacaran; only GSSPs do. For boundaries
Mississippian Pennsylvanian

Cenomanian Upper Gzhelian 303.7 ±0.1

Guzhangian in the Phanerozoic without ratified GSSPs or without constrained
100.5 Kasimovian ~ 500.5 numerical ages, an approximate numerical age (~) is provided.
307.0 ±0.1 Series 3 Drumian
Cambrian
Albian Middle Moscovian ~ 504.5
Carboniferous

Numerical ages for all systems except Lower Pleistocene,

~ 113.0 315.2 ±0.2 Stage 5 Permian,Triassic, Cretaceous and Precambrian are taken from
~ 509 ‘A Geologic Time Scale 2012’ by Gradstein et al. (2012);
Aptian Lower Bashkirian Stage 4
323.2 ±0.4 those for the Lower Pleistocene, Permian, Triassic and Cretaceous
~ 125.0 Series 2 ~ 514 were provided by the relevant ICS subcommissions.
Barremian Upper Serpukhovian Stage 3
330.9 ±0.2
Lower ~ 129.4 ~ 521 Coloring follows the Commission for the
Hauterivian Geological Map of the World (http://www.ccgm.org)
~ 132.9 Middle Visean Stage 2
Valanginian 346.7 ±0.4 ~ 529 Chart drafted by K.M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard
Terreneuvian (c) International Commission on Stratigraphy, February 2014
~ 139.8
Lower Tournaisian Fortunian
Berriasian To cite: Cohen, K.M., Finney, S.C., Gibbard, P.L. & Fan, J.-X. (2013; updated)
~ 145.0 358.9 ±0.4 541.0 ±1.0 The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart. Episodes 36: 199-204.

URL: http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2014-02.pdf