FC-36  2

[Materials] [Materials]
Hardening and Hardness Test Methods Standard Material Sizes 1

 Heat Treatment for Steel Materials  General Steel Materials

Vickers Hardness Hardening Depth Type Material Code Shapes Unit Standard Dimensions
Name Strain Applicable Materials Typical Material Reference
(HV) (mm)
Flat Bar t 6,9,12,13,14,16,19,22,25,28,30,32,35,38,40,45,50,55,60,65,
SKS3 ·Operation of heating copper to an appropriate Rolled Steel for SS400 70,75,80,85,90,95,100,105
SKS21 General Structure
temperature over transformation point and quickly Square Bar _ 9,13,16,19,22,25,32,38,44,50,65,75,90,100
Varies according High Carbon Steel SUJ2
cooling it in an appropriate medium in order to
Through hardening 750 or Less Full Depth SKH51 t Width W
to materials. C>0.45% SKS93 increase hardness or improve strength.
SK4 ·Not applicable to long or precision parts, such as 2 6,8,10,12,16,20
S45C spindles, etc. 3 6,8,9,10,12,13,16,19,22,25,32,38,50
4 10,13,16,19,20,22,25,32
·Applicable to partial hardening 4.5 11,13,16,19,22,25,32,38,50
Standard 0.5 Low Carbon Steel SCM415
Carburization 500 or Less Moderate ·Hardening depth should be specified on drawings.
Up to 2 C<0.3% SNCM220
·Applicable to precision parts.
5 8,10,13,16,19,20,22,25,30,32,38,50
6 9,10,13,16,19,20,22,25,32,38,44,50,60,65,75,90,100,125
8 10,12,13,16,19,22,25,30,32,38
·A surface hardening method that uses high frequency
Medium induction current to quickly heat and cool the steel surface. Flat and 9 12,13,16,19,22,25,32,38,44,50,60,65,75,90,100,125
Square
Induction Hardening 750 or Less 1~2 High Carbon Steel S45C ·Applicable to partial hardening Steel Bar 10 13,15,16,20,22,25,30,32,38,40,50,60,65,100
C 0.3~0.5% ·Expensive in small-volume lots.
12 16,19,22,32,38,44,45,50,60,65,75,90,100,125
·High fatigue resistance.
Polished Steel Bar 16 19,22,25,32,38,44,50,60,65,75,90,100,125
·A surface hardening method that forms hardening (Cold-Drawn) SS400D
19 22,25,32,38,44,50,60,65,75,90,100,125
layer of hard nitride compounds on the steel surface
Nitriding 900~1000 0.1~0.2 Low Nitriding Steel SACM645 ·Obtains highest degree of hardness among all hardening techniques. 22 25,32,38,44,50,60,65,75,90,100,125
·Fit for mass production. 25 32,38,44,50,60,65,75,90,100,125
·Applicable to spindles for sliding bearing.
30 50,65,75,100,125
·Tufftride is one of the nitriding methods called 32 50,65,75,100,125
TUFFTRIDE is soft-nitriding (salt bath process).
S45C 38 50,65,75,100,125
the trademark of ·High fatigue resistance and abrasion resistance
Carbon Steel 500 SCM415
Durferrit GmbH‚ 0.01~0.02 Low Steel Material ·Same corrosion resistance as zinc plating. 2.5,3,4,4.5,5,5.5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,24,25,28,30,32,34,35,
Stainless Steel 1000 SK3 ·Not applicable to precision parts because of Square Bar _
Germany (salt 36,38,40,42,44,45,50,55,60,65,70,75,80,85,90,100,110,120,130
Stainless Steel incapability of polishing after heat treatment.
bath process).
·Applicable to oil free bearings. 3,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,17,19,21,22,23,24,26,27,29,30,32,35,36,
Hexagonal Bar Opposite side H 38,41,46,50,54,55,58,60,63,65,67,70,71,75,77,80,85,90,95,100,115
·Low temperature annealing.
Bluing − − − Wire Rod SWP-B
·Removes internal stress during forming to enhance elasticity.
2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,
Round Bar D 33,34,35,36,37,38,40,42,43,44,45,46,48,50,55,60,65,70,75,80,85,90,95,100,105,110,
115,120,130,140,150,160,170,180,190,200

Cold-Rolled SPCC Steel Plate t 0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,1,1.2,1.6,2,2.3,3.2

 Hardness Test Methods and Applicable Parts Steel Plate

Testing Method Principle Applicable Heat-Treated Parts Features Reference Hot-rolled

Steel Plate SPHC Steel Plate t (1.2),1.6,2.3,2.6,3.2,4.5
·A (steel or super hard alloy) ball ·Annealing ·Applicable to uneven materials
indenter is used to indent the test ·Normalized parts and forged products because 2,2.5,3,3.5,4,4.5,6,7,8,9,9.5,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,
S45C-D
Brinell Hardness surface. Hardness is given as a ·Anchored materials indent is large. JIS Z2243 (Polished) Round Bar D 21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,32,33,34,35,36,38,40,42,44,45,46,
quotient divided by the surface area of ·Not applicable to small or thin 48,50,55,60,65,70,75,80,85,90,95,100,105,110,115,120,125,130
Carbon Steel for
the dent, computed from the diameter. specimens. Machine Structural Use 6,9.5,12.7,13,16,19,22,25,27,32,38,45,50,55,65,75,85,95,
Flat Bar t 105,115,125,135,145,155,(165),(175),(185),(205)
S50C
·This standard or test load is ·Hardening tempered parts ·Hardness value obtained quickly. Square Bar _ 12.7,13,16,19,25,28,32,38,44,50,55,65,75,90,100,110,120,130,155
applied via a diamond or ball ·Carburized surfaces ·Applicable to intermediate testing
Rockwell Hardness indenter. ·Nitrided parts of actual products. JIS Z2245 SKS93 Flat Bar t 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,13,16,19,22,25,27,32,38,43,50,53,65,75,90,105,130,155
Hardness is read on a tester. ·Thin sheets such as copper, ·Caution is required as there are SKS93 Square Bar _ 10,13,16,19,22,25,28,32,38,45,50,55,65,75,90,105,130,(155),(210)
brass, bronze, etc. 30 types. Carbon Tool
Steel
2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,22,23,24,
SK4-DG8 Round Bar D
25,26,28,30,32,36,38,40,42,45,48,50,55,60,65,70,75,80
·The specimen is set on a table. ·Hardening tempered parts ·Extremely easy to operate and
A hammer is dropped from a ·Nitrided parts data can be obtained quickly. Flat Bar t 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,13,16,19,22,25,27,32,38,43,50,53,65,75,90,105,130,155,(160)
uniform height. Hardness is ·Large carburized parts, etc. ·Applicable to large parts.
Shore Hardness based on how height the hammer ·Indent is kept shallow, therefore JIS Z2246 Alloy Tool Steel SKS3 Square Bar _ 10,13,16,19,22,25,28,32,36,38,45,50,55,65,75,90,105,130,(155),(210)
bounces. is applicable to actual products. Round Bar D 13,16,19,22,25,28,32,38,42,46,50,55,60,65,70,80,85,90,100,110,120,130,150,160,180
·Portable, as being compact and light weight.
Hexagonal Bar Opposite side H 6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,17,19,21,22,23,24,26,27,30,32,35,36,38,41,46,50,54,55
Chrome SCM435
Molybdenum Steel Round Bar D 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,
·Uses a diamond 136˚square pyramid ·This hardening layers by ·Applicable to small and thin 25,26,27,28,30,32,34,35,36,38,40,42,45,46,48,50
indenter. Hardness value is obtained induction hardening, carburizing, specimens.
from the surface area of the dent, nitriding, electrolytic plating, ·Applicable to all materials Sulfuric and Sulfur
SUM24L Round Bar D 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,20,22,23,24,25,26,28,30,32,34,35,36,38,40
Vickers Hardness computed from the experimental load ceramic coating, etc. because of diamond indenter. JIS Z2244 Compound Free Cutting Steel
and the length of the diagonal lines ·Hardening layer depth
of the dent.(Automatically calculated) in carburized and nitrided parts. High Carbon SUJ2 Round Bar D 13,16,19,22,25,28,(30),32,(34),36,38,42,(44),46,(48),50,55,60,65,70,75,80,85,90,95,
Chrome Bearing Steel 100,110,120,130,140,150,(160),(170),(180),(190),(200),(210),(220),(230),(240),(250)

2863 2864

FC-36-1_E+.indd 2863-2864 08.4.27 10:46:27 AM