577 API Exercises

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Exercises
RP 577 Welding Inspection and Metallurgy
2nd Edition December 2013
Welding Inspection
TASKS PRIOR TO WELDING

1 Drawings, Codes and Standards
1. Which of the following should be assessed as part of the welding quality

control?
A. Welder performance in a qualified laboratory.

B. Welding equipment manufacturer is recognized by the Code of construction.
C. Welding symbols and weld sizes.
2. Before welding starts the inspector should review______________________.
A. AWS D1.1
B. Codes and Standards
C. Welder’s work histories
3. List the four potential inspector actions associated with tasks prior to welding.
A._________________________________________________
B._________________________________________________
C._________________________________________________
D._________________________________________________
Weldment Requirements
4. As part of a welding review the inspector must determine the competency of

the welding organization and the competency of the
__________________________.
A. design engineer
B. welding foreman
C. inspection organization
NDE Information
5. Name three items that the inspector must assure are in order before
accepting NDE procedures.
A.___________________________________________________________
B.___________________________________________________________
C.___________________________________________________________
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Exercises
6. As regards storage ovens for welding consumables the inspector should

confirm that the ovens have ______________________________.
A. current calibration stickers

B. a window for viewing the contents of the oven.
C. automatic heat controls
7. List the four issues that must be addressed when reviewing proposed heat
treatment and pressure tests.
A. _____________________________________________________________
B. _____________________________________________________________
C. _____________________________________________________________
D. _____________________________________________________________
8. All filler metals, base materials, and backing rings materials should be properly
marked and identified. What additional step might be required to insure proper
materials?
Ans. ____________________________________________________________
9. Preheat is often applied prior to welding; sometimes it may also be needed

for_____________.
A. bending pipe
B. thermal cutting
C. popping off scale in single vee welds
10. One item often forgotten during the review of welding consumables is looking
for the _______________.
A. name of the manufacturer of the consumable on the Welding Procedure

B. type of water cooling used for a GTAW torch
C. gas composition and purity requirements
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Exercises
11. Normally quality assurance and quality control measures include such things
as welder responsibility, welder qualification, and the welder understanding the
requirements of the WPS and inspection hold points. What else might be
required to help the welder perform the weld?
Ans. ____________________________________________________________
12 During the inspection of a weldment, tack welds, weld root penetration,

cleaning between passes, in-process rework, in process ferrite measurement if
required and final weld sizes will be required. What else might be necessary?
Ans. ________________________________________________________
13. Which of the following items should be assessed after completion of a

weldment?
A. All welding equipment is verified as in current calibration.

B. Welder’s stamps have been applied to each weld in the weld increment.
C. All inspection steps have been verified by the welding foreman or contractor’s
representative.
14. If performing NDE on a weldment that will receive PWHT the order of
operation is________________.
A. After final PWHT

B. Before and after final PWHT
C. Either before or after PWHT

Exercises
15. The inspector should inspect the following after PWHT.
A. Temporary attachments have been removed.

B. Equipment supported to prevent distortion.
C. Temperature monitoring system was calibrated.
16. The hazards associated with welding that the inspector must be aware of
are_______________________________.
A. _____________________________________________________________
B. _____________________________________________________________
C. _____________________________________________________________
D. _____________________________________________________________
SHEILDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW)
17. Which of the following is a true statement about SMAW?
A. It often uses pressure in combination with the welding arc to complete fusion
and assure complete penetration of the base material.
B. Only DC current can be used with the SMAW process.
C. A gas for shielding of the molten metal is generated by the decomposition of
the electrode covering.
Electrode Covering
18. The covering for and SMAW electrode provides a way to add alloys to
change the mechanical properties of the weld metal.
A. True
B. False

Exercises
Advantages of SMAW
19. List the 4 advantages of the SMAW process.
A. ______________________________________________________________
B. ______________________________________________________________
C. ______________________________________________________________
D. ______________________________________________________________
Limitations of SMAW
20. Name the two major limitations when using the SMAW process.
A. ______________________________________________________________
B. ______________________________________________________________
GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING (GTAW)
21. When using GTAW in DC current mode typically it will be set to DCEN
polarity. DCEN stands for________ and provides ____________________.
A. Direct Current Electrode Neutral and deeper penetration

B. Differential Current Electrode Negative and deeper penetration
C. Direct Current Electrode Negative and deeper penetration.
Advantages of GTAW
22. Which of the following is not an advantage of GTAW?
A. Allows excellent control for root pass weld penetration

B. Only minor post-weld cleaning may be required
C. Has a low tolerance for contamination on base material or filler metals
GAS METAL ARC WELDING (GMAW)
23. GMAW uses a ___________ power supply.
A. Continuous voltage
B. Constant voltage
C. Consistent voltage

Exercises
Short Circuiting Transfer (GMAW-S)
24. The danger in using the short circuiting mode of arc transfer is
______________________?
A. It will cause excessive distortion in thin materials

B. It can lead to lack of fusion in thin materials
C. It can lead to lack of fusion in thicker materials
Globular Transfer
25. This arc transfer mode is suitable for _____________________________?
A. All position welding

B. Flat position welds
C. Vertical and horizontal welds
Spray Transfer
26. The following is true about this arc transfer mode.
A. Spatter is minor
B. Spatter is a major concern.
C. It cannot be used in any mode for thin sheet material.
Advantages of GMAW
27. GMAW process has the advantage of ___________________________.
A. being highly portable

B. high deposition rates
C. not being subject loss of shielding gas due to air drafts
FLUX CORED ARC WELDING (FCAW)
28. FCAW is normally a _________________________________.
A. fully automated welding process

B. semi-automatic welding process
C. process used with a DC constant-current power supply.

Exercises
Advantages of FCAW
29. The slag generated by the FCAW process has the advantage of _________.
A. supporting and shaping the weld bead

B. being only a minor issue for removal between passes
C. allowing the weld metal to be exposed to the atmosphere
SUMERGED ARC WELDING (SAW)
30. Major use of SAW is found in_______________________________.
A. Field welding of large bore piping

B. Field welding of large vessel components
C. Shop fabrication of vessels and manufacturing of piping
Advantages of SAW
31. List the two advantages that SAW has over other processes.
A. ______________________________________________________________
B. ______________________________________________________________
Limitations of SAW
32. Which of following is not a limitation of the SAW welding process?
A. Low deposition rates

B. The weld is not visible during the welding process
C. Welding is limited to the flat position only
STUD ARC WELDING (SW)
33. _____ current is normally used with SW and its positions allowed are______.
A. ACEN - flat only

B. DCEN - all positions
C. ACEN or DCEN - horizontal and overhead

Exercises
Limitations of SW
34. This process is limited to use with_______________________________.
A. Carbon and Stainless Steels only

B. Carbon steels only
C. Carbon and low alloy steels only
5 Welding Processes
Equipment Identification
Identify the following equipment by the welding process.
35. The process

Exercises
36. The process
37. The process

Exercises
38. The process
39. The process

Exercises
40. The process

Exercises
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATIONS
DISCONTINUITES
41. The _________________ should choose the NDE method based on the
type of discontinuity and weld joint.
A. NDE Examiner
B. Welding foreman
C. Inspector
Table 2 - Common Types of Discontinuities
42. Piping is a type of ________ normally found in the ____________________.
A. crack - base metal

B. lack of fusion - heat affected zone
C. porosity - weld metal
43. Convexity is found in the _____________.
A. weld face of groove welds

B. weld face of a fillet weld
C. weld faces of groove and fillet welds
Table 4 - Capability of the Applicable Inspection Method for Weld Type

Joints
44. Which method of the following NDE methods is applicable to all weld type
joints?
A. RT
B. UT
C. PT
45. The abbreviation LT applies to __________________.
A. Leak Testing
B. Longitudinal ACFM
C. Laser Testing

Exercises
Table 5 - Capability of the Applicable Inspection Method vs. Discontinuity
46. RT has a marginal capability for detecting cracks in welds.
A. True
B. False
Table - 6 Discontinuities Commonly Encountered with Welding Processes
47. Which of the following welding processes does not promote hydrogen
cracking in carbon steel welds?
A. SMAW
B. FCAW
C. SAW
D. GTAW
48. If a weld is found to have excessive undercut at the toe the best way to
detect it is by ______ or _______, and the best way to correct undercut is to
_________ during welding.
A. RT - VT - Increase travel speed

B. UT - VT - decrease travel speed
C. VT - ACFM - decrease travel speed
49. Which welding processes are subject to “Arc Strike”?
A. SMAW and GMAW

B. GTAW and SAW
C. All welding processes
50. The GMAW -S (short circuiting mode) is subject to the discontinuity “Lack of
Sidewall Fusion”. Which of the following might help with this problem?
A. Slow down travel speed.

B. Increase travel speed.
C. Vertical downhill welding
D. Vertical uphill welding.

Exercises
Use Table 2 from RP577 and answer the following questions.
51. The discontinuity labeled number 10 is________________________.

52. Number 12d is ___________________________________________.
53. Number 7 represents______________________________________.
54. 1d depicts ______________________________________________.
55. Number 3 is known as _____________________________________.
MATERIALS IDENTIFICATION
56. Who is responsible for establishing a written material verification program?
A. The inspector
B. The product manufacturer
C. The owner/user

Exercises
VISUAL EXAMINATION (VT)
57. Visual examination personnel are required to pass a vision test _________
and it shall be of the __________________ eye vision test.
A. biannually - J - 2 Jaeger - type

B. triennially - J - 1 Joiner - type
C. annually - J - 1 Jaeger - type
D. semi- annually - J - 1 Jaeger - type
Weld Examination Devices
58. A bridge cam gauge cannot measure ___________________________.
A. weld preparation angle

B. depth of undercut
C. excess reinforcement on a butt weld
D. Internal misalignment of pipe welds
Magnetic Particle Examination (MT)
Magnetic Flux Direction indicator
59. On of the most common and popular flux direction indicator for MT is known
as the ________.
A. Cake gauge
B. Pie gauge
C. Donut gauge
Demagnetization
60. If residual magnetism is not eliminated after MT examination it may

cause___________________.
A. deflection of the welding arc during the welding of subsequent passes

B. false readings when performing the next phase of MT
C. reduction of sensitivity by follow up ACFM testing

Exercises
ALTERNATING CURRENT FIELD MEASUREMENT (ACFM)
61. The maximum temperature that the ACFM method can be used at is
_________.
A. 900 oF
B. 600 oF
C. 482 oF
62. ACFM does not require the use of a calibration piece with artificial flaws.
A. True
B. False
EDDY CURRENT INSPECTION (ET)
63. List below the uses for eddy current testing in welding inspection.
A. ____________________________________________________
B. ____________________________________________________
C. ____________________________________________________
D. ____________________________________________________
RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION (RT)
Radiographic Film
64. The acceptable class of radiographic films are______________________.
A. Class I, II and III

B. Class I and II
C. Class II and III
65. The minimum coverage area of radiographic film for a weld is

______________________.
A. 3/4” on consecutive circumferential exposures and 1” on either side of the

weld.
B. 1” on consecutive circumferential exposures and 3/4” on either side of the
weld.

Exercises
Radioactive Source Selection
66. Which weld thickness below is best suited for use with Iridium 192 source?
A. 0.500
B. 3.5”
Film Processing
67. As regards film processing, the normal development time is listed as 5 to 8

minutes at ________.
A. 82 oF
B. 70 oF
C. 68 oF
Radiographic Techniques
68. A reliable radiographic technique is one where the radiation

passes_________________________.
A. at right angles to the part being examined

B. at an angle of 30 degrees or less
C. through a single thickness
D. through a double thickness
Single-wall Viewing
69. Describe the Single-wall viewing method.
Ans.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Exercises
Single-wall Viewing
70. The minimum number of radiographic exposures when using the single-wall
viewing on circumferential welds is ______.
A. 2
B. 3
C. 1
Double-wall Technique
71. The double-wall technique is suitable for pipe outside diameters up to 6”.
A. True
B. False
Evaluations of Radiographs
72. Rounded indications on a radiograph will be more apparent

than__________________.
A. cracks
B. cracks, lack of fusion
C. cracks, lack of fusion or overlap
Facilities for Viewing Radiographs
73. Magnification is allowed for viewing and interpreting radiographs,

however______________________________________________.
A. too high a magnification will distort the size of an indication and may cause
undue rejection
B. too high a magnification will enhance the graininess of the film
Radiographic Density
74. Clear film has a density of 0, a film that allows 10% of the incident light pass
through has a density of 1.0. A film that allows 1% pass through has a density of
___________.
A. 3.0
B. 2.0

Exercises
75. The radiograph above indicates that this weld has____________________.
A. LOP
B. centerline cracking
76. This radiograph exhibits ______________ porosity.
A. random

Exercises
B. cluster
77. This radiograph indicates burn through. According to Table 6 of RP 577 this
was probably not welded using the _______________process.
A. SMAW
B. GMAW
C. GTAW
D. FCAW
9.9 ULTRASONIC INSPECTION (UT)
78. Of the ultrasonic display types the________ is the most common.
A. B-scan
B. C-scan
C. A-scan
D. D-scan
79. The B-scan display shows a ______________ view of the object.
A. cross-sectional
B. planner
C. half thickness

Exercises
80. Ultrasonic display screen above represents the _____________ method.
A. C-scan
B. B-scan
C. A-scan
9.9 ULTRASONIC INSPECTION (UT)
81. ____________ or ___________ are used for detecting discontinuities in

welds.
A. skip beam - angle beam

B. angle beam - back-wall
C. shear wave - angle beam
Ultrasonic Inspection System Calibration
82. Some requirements are placed on the condition of a calibration block for use
with UT. List those requirements below.
A. ______________________________________________________________
B. ______________________________________________________________
C. ______________________________________________________________
D. ______________________________________________________________
E. ______________________________________________________________

Exercises
Ultrasonic Inspection System Calibration
83. Calibration checks should be performed _____________________________.
A. before the examination

B. after the examination
C. before and after the examination
84. Match the following descriptions with the method it applies to.
1. Very effective for sizing flaws which are open to the inside or outside diameter
surface and are shallow to mid-wall. ____
2. Uses the effects of multiple sound modes, such as longitudinal waves and
shear waves to qualitatively size flaws. ____
3. A dual element tandem probe with the transducers crystals located one in front
of the other. ____
4. Wave method that is very effective for very deep flaws. _____
A. The ID Creeping Wave Method

B. The Tip Diffraction Method
C. The High Angle Longitudinal Method
D. Bimodal Method
Hardness Testing
85. Hardness tests on welds are meant to verify that acceptable “softness” has
been maintained after welding and often is applied after any required heat
treatment. The places where the hardness tests are performed are
______________________.
A. Base metal, HAZ and weld metal

B. HAZ and weld metal
C. HAZ only

Exercises
Metallurgy
THE STRUCTURE OF METALS AND ALLOYS
86. Welding can be considered to be like making a ___________.
A. solid sheet of metal

B. casting
The Structure of Castings
87. _______________ largely responsible for the physical and mechanical

properties of metal.
A. Smaller grains are

B. Larger grains are
C. Microstructure is
The Structure of Wrought Materials
88. Wrought materials are those which have been worked by

______________________________.
A. rolling
B. forging
C. extrusion
D. All of the above
Welding Metallurgy
89. Weld metal does not have the same uniform makeup as the base metal,
because ________________________________________.
A. it is normally not the same type of metal as the base metal

B. of the flux used during welding
C. of the mixing of filler metal with melted base metal
90. The heat affected zone (HAZ) of a weldment is an area that has not been
melted but has been affected by the pre-heat and heat of welding. For carbon
steels this occurs at temperatures _____________________.
A. greater than 1350 oF

B. less than 1350 oF

Exercises

Exercises
Physical Properties
Melting Temperature
91. A pure metal has a fixed melting temperature that is just above its
solidification temperature. However, complete melting of _________occurs over
a range of temperatures.
A. non-ferrous metals
B. alloyed materials
C. ferrous metals
92. Which property below affects the heat input required to weld a metal?
A. Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

B. Density
C. Thermal Conductivity
93. Steel requires less heat input to weld than aluminum. What property
determines this?
A. Thermal Conductivity
B. Electrical Conductivity
C. Density
94. Some metals are more subject to distortion than others during welding. This
is because of a physical property know as _______________________
A. Electrical Conductivity
B. Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
C. Thermal Conductivity
95. Casting and welds are usually _______dense than wrought materials.
A. more
B. less
96. _____________ is an important factor in RT.
A. Thermal Conductivity
B. Density
C. Melting Temperature

Exercises
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
97. The mechanical property of a metal that defines its amount of deformation
and elongation is referred to as _____.
A. ultimate strength
B. tensile strength
C. strain
98. Knowing how ductile a metal is helps to determine _______________.
A. tensile strength
B. the extent to which a metal can be worked without fracture during fabrication
operations
C. how often a metal can be stressed before failure
99. Which of the following is hardness test for metals?
A. Vickery C
B. Knoop
C. Donnell Scale
100. Which hardness test uses a minor and major load to determine hardness?
A. Rockwell
B. Vickers
C. Brinell
101. The ability for a metal to absorb energy and deform plastically before
fracture is known as its ___________________.
A. Ductility
B. Yield
C. Toughness
102. Toughness is required a lower metal temperatures to resist_____________.
A. spider cracking
B. planer breaking flaws
C. brittle fracture

Exercises
PREHEATING
103. Which of the following is the primary reason for pre-heating when welding
carbon and low alloy steels?
A. Reduce shrinkage stresses

B. Reduce hydrogen induced delayed cracking
C. Eliminate moisture from the weld area
POST-WELD HEAT TREATMENT
104. Post-weld heat treatment is mostly done to bring about_____________.
A. a reduction of locked in stresses due to the welding process

B. a softening of the metal to prevent environmental cracking
C. a change in the chemistry of the weld metal and heat affected zone
HARDENING
105. Which of the following is a typical test for the hardenability of metals?
A. Johnson Freeman Plate Test

B. Jominy Bar Test
C. Everson and Ives Flattening Bar Test
MATERIAL TEST REPORTS
106. Which of the following is not a true statement about the MTR?
A. The chemical analysis given in the test report can be used to calculate the
carbon equivalent for that material.
B. The inspector should review the material test report.
C. The material test report is automatically provided by the manufacturer even if
not requested.

Exercises
WELDABILITY OF STEELS
107. List below 5 factors related to the weldability of a metal.
A. ______________________________________________________________
B. ______________________________________________________________
C. ______________________________________________________________
D.______________________________________________________________
E. ______________________________________________________________
Metallurgy and Weldability
108. The addition of carbon to a metal generally makes it________________.
A. easier to weld
B. more difficult to weld
109. Which of the following is considered a tramp element in carbon steel?
A. sulfur
B. phosphorus
C. arsenic
D. all of the above
110. The equation below is referred to as the ______________equation.
A. Schaffer
B. Dilution
C. Carbon Equivalent

Exercises
Weldability Testing
111. The restraint tests that determine possibility of weld metal cracking for the
following locations and types are ____________________.
Solidification cracks
Root & Toe
Micro cracks
A. Lehigh and RRC

B. Lehigh and Circular Weld
C. Tekken and Slot
Austenitic Stainless Steel
112. List the most important considerations when welding Stainless Steels.
A. _______________________________
B. _______________________________
C. _______________________________
D. _______________________________
113. Austenitic stainless steels are iron-based alloys that typically contain low
carbon, chromium between ________ and nickel between _________.
A. 10 % - 22% and 5% - 27%

B. 19 % - 42% and 5% - 27%
C. 15% - 32% and 8% - 37%
114. Stainless Steels which are subject to hot cracking may be evaluated for this
problem by using the __________________________.
A. Carbon Equivalent of the base metal

B. ferrite number of the weld metal
C. Slot test

Exercises
Austenitic Stainless Steel
115. Austenitic Stainless Steels distort more easily than carbon steels due to
their lower __________ and higher_____________.
A. solubility - coefficient of heat transfer

B. thermal conductivity - thermal expansion
C. thermal expansion - thermal conductivity
Nickel Alloys
116. Nickel alloys weld in a sluggish manner, meaning the weld metal does not
move easily during the welding process and this tends to create a lack of sidewall
fusion as a result. A proper technique is to use a weave or oscillation during
welding. One indication that proper weave/oscillation has not occurred is
______________________.
A. the weld contour will be concave or flat

B. the weld contour will have a convex profile
C. the weld contour will have a high convex profile
117. Nickel alloys are subject to ___________________.
A. short cracks
B. hot cracking
C. cold cracking
Refinery and Petrochemical Plant Welding Issues
HOT TAPPING AND IN-SERVICE WELDING
118. The two primary concerns when welding on in-service piping and equipment
are ____________ and __________.
A. burn through - cracking

B. rupture - cracking
C. burn through - rupture

Exercises
Electrode Considerations
119. Hot tap and in-service welding should be carried out only with low -
hydrogen consumables, the reasoning for this when welding carbon steel is to
prevent___________.
A. hydrogen centerline cracks (HCC)

B. hydrogen cracks (HC)
C. hydrogen assisted cracks (HAC)
Flow Rates
120. The flow rate of liquids in a piping system may affect the possibility of a
failure during in-service welding. A low flow rate may cause____________.
A. hard zones and cracks

B. burn through
C. lack of fusion
Other Considerations
121. When hot tapping a piping system that contains Wet Hydrogen Sulfide the
possibility of __________________ is a concern.
A. explosion
B. pyrophoric scale
C. metal burning

Exercises
Inspection
122. Briefly list the duties of the inspector associated with hot tapping or welding
on in-service equipment.
A. ______________________________________________________________
B. ______________________________________________________________
C. ______________________________________________________________
D. ______________________________________________________________
E. ______________________________________________________________
F. ______________________________________________________________
G. ______________________________________________________________
H. ______________________________________________________________
APPENDIX A
A.1 Weld Joint Types
123. In the Edge Joint depicted above which of the following types of welds
unacceptable?
A. Bevel Groove
B. U - Groove
C. Plug

Exercises
Figure A-2 Symbols for Various Weld Joints
124. The weld symbol shown above is for a _______________________.
A. Double Bevel Weld

B. V Weld
C. Compression Weld
125. The symbol above is for the use of a _________________________.

Exercises
Figure A-4 Standard Weld Symbols
126. Using Figure A-4 label the element of the drawing above.
127. Fill in the name of weld joint parts above.

Exercises
AWS
Filler Metal Classifications
128. The T in the designation above stands for _______________________.
A. Tubular
B. Position
C. Trailing gas required.
APPENDIX B - ACTIONS TO ADDRESS IMPROPERLY MADE WELDS
129. What action is missing in the chart above? ____________________

Exercises
APPENDIX D—GUIDE TO COMMON FILLER METAL SELECTION
130.. A good choice of filler metal for the SMAW welding of carbon steel to
carbon molybdenum steel might be _______ and ________.
A. Classification E7018 and Classification E7018-A1

B. E7018-B2L or E8018-B2, low hydrogen
131. List below the common welding consumables to weld 304L Stainless Steel
to Carbon Steel.
A. __________
B. __________
132. A common filler metal in the past for welding 1Cr -1/2 Molybdenum was
E8018-B2L, that AWS classification has been changed to _________________.

Exercises
1. C
2. B
3. A. Identify and clarify missing details and information.
B. Identify and clarify missing weld sizes, dimensions, tests, and any additional
requirements.
C. Identify and clarify inconsistencies with standards, codes and specification
requirements.
D. Highlight potential weld problems not addressed in the design.
4. C
5. A. NDE examiners are properly certified for the NDE technique (see 4.6)
B. NDE procedures are current and accurate.
C. Calibration of NDE equipment is current.
6. C
7. A. Heat treatment procedure is available and appropriate (see 10.6).
B. Pressure testing procedures are available and detail test requirements.
C. PWHT equipment calibration is current.
D. Pressure testing equipment and gauges calibrated and meet appropriate test
requirements.
8. Ans. If required, perform PMI to verify the material composition

9. B
10. C
11. Ans. Special training and mock-up weldments performed if required.
12. Ans. - Additional NDE performed between weld passes and on back-gouged
surfaces.
13. B
14. A
15. A
16. A. Arc radiation
B. Air contamination
C. Airborne debris
D. Heat
17. C
18. A
19. A. Equipment is relatively simple, inexpensive, and portable.
B. Process can be used in areas of limited access.
C. Process is less sensitive to wind and draft than other welding processes.
D. Process is suitable for most of the commonly used metals and alloys
20. A. Deposition rates are lower than for other processes such as GMAW.
B. Slag usually must be removed at stops and starts, and before depositing a weld
bead adjacent to or onto a previously deposited weld bead.

Exercises
21. C
22. C
23. B
24. C
25. B
26. A
27. B
28. B
29. A
30. C
31. A. Provides very high metal deposition rates.
B. Produces repeatable high quality welds for large weldments and repetitive short
welds.
32. A
33. B
34. C
35. SMAW
36. GTAW
37. GMAW
38. FCAW
39. FCAW self-shielding
40. SAW
41. C
42. C
43. B
44. C
45. A
46. A
47. D
48. C
49. C
50. D
51. Seam or Lap
52. Throat Crack
53. Overlap
54. Aligned Porosity
55. Incomplete Fusion
56. C
57. C
58. D
59. B
60. A
61. A

Exercises
62. A
63. A. Eddy current can be used as a quick test to ensure that the components being
joined during welding have the same material properties.
B. As a quick check for defects of the weld joint faces.
C. Measure the thickness of protective, nonconductive surface coatings.
D. Measure cladding thickness.
64. B
65. B
66. A
67. C
68. C
69. Ans. For materials, and for welds in components, a technique may be used in
which the radiation passes through two walls and only the weld (material) on the
film sidewall is viewed for acceptance. An adequate number of exposures should
be made to demonstrate that the required coverage is met for circumferential welds
(materials). A minimum of three exposures taken at 120° to each other should be
made.
70. B
71. B
72. C
73. B
74. B
75. A
76. B
77. C
78. C
79. A
80. A
81. C
82. A. (calibration block) should be of the same nominal diameter
B. Same thickness.
C. Same composition.
D. Same heat treatment condition as the product that is being examined.
E. It should also have the same surface condition as the part being examined.
83. C
84. 1. B
2. A
3. D
4. C
85. B
86. B
87. C

Exercises
88. D
89. C
90. A
91. B
92. C
93. B
94. B
95. B
96. B
97. C
98. B
99. B
100. A
101. C
102. C
103. B
104. A
105. B
106. C
107. A. The metallurgical compatibility of the metal or alloy being welded, which is
related to the chemical composition and microstructure of the metal or alloy, and
the weld filler metal used.
B. The specific welding processes being used to join the metal.
C. The mechanical properties of the metal, such as strength, ductility and
toughness.
D. The ability of the metal to be welded such that the completed weld has sound
mechanical properties.
E. Weld joint design.
108. B
109. D
110. C
111. A
112. The most important considerations to welding austenitic stainless steels are;
A. solidification cracking
B. hot cracking
C. distortion
D. maintaining corrosion resistance
113. C
114. B
115. B
116. C
117. B

Exercises
118. A
119. C
120. B
121. B
122. Inspection tasks typically associated with hot tapping or welding on in-service
equipment should include:
A. Verifying adequate wall thickness along the lengths of the proposed welds
typically using UT or RT.
B. Verifying the welding procedure. Often, plants have welding procedures
qualified specifically for hot taps and in-service welding.
C. Verifying flow conditions.
D. Specifying the sequence of welding full encirclement sleeves and fittings
(circumferential and longitudinal welds).
E. Verifying fit-up of the hot tap fitting.
F. Auditing welding to assure the welding procedure is being followed.
G. Perform NDE of completed welds. Typically this includes VT, UT shear wave
using special procedures for the joint configuration, MT or PT as applicable for
material and temperature.
H. Witness leak testing of fitting, if specified.
123. C
124. B
125. Answer Consumable Insert - Square
126. See Figure A-4
127. See Figure A-5
128. B
129. Answer: Test Welder to Qualify Appendix B Fig. B-1
130. A Appendix D Table D-1
131. Table D-2 E309-XX or EniCrFe -2 or -3
132. Table D-4 E7018-B2L

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TASKS PRIOR TO WELDING

1. Which of the following should be assessed as part of the welding quality

A. Welder performance in a qualified laboratory.

2. Before welding starts the inspector should review______________________.

4. As part of a welding review the inspector must determine the competency of

Rev.4 - 2015 atlasapitraining.com© 1

6. As regards storage ovens for welding consumables the inspector should

A. current calibration stickers

9. Preheat is often applied prior to welding; sometimes it may also be needed

A. name of the manufacturer of the consumable on the Welding Procedure

2 Rev.4 - 2015 atlasapitraining.com©

12 During the inspection of a weldment, tack welds, weld root penetration,

13. Which of the following items should be assessed after completion of a

A. All welding equipment is verified as in current calibration.

A. After final PWHT

Rev.4 - 2015 atlasapitraining.com© 3

15. The inspector should inspect the following after PWHT.

A. Temporary attachments have been removed.

SHEILDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW)

17. Which of the following is a true statement about SMAW?

4 Rev.4 - 2015 atlasapitraining.com©

19. List the 4 advantages of the SMAW process.

GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING (GTAW)

A. Direct Current Electrode Neutral and deeper penetration

22. Which of the following is not an advantage of GTAW?

A. Allows excellent control for root pass weld penetration

GAS METAL ARC WELDING (GMAW)

23. GMAW uses a ___________ power supply.

Rev.4 - 2015 atlasapitraining.com© 5

Short Circuiting Transfer (GMAW-S)

A. It will cause excessive distortion in thin materials

25. This arc transfer mode is suitable for _____________________________?

A. All position welding

26. The following is true about this arc transfer mode.

27. GMAW process has the advantage of ___________________________.

A. being highly portable

FLUX CORED ARC WELDING (FCAW)

28. FCAW is normally a _________________________________.

A. fully automated welding process

6 Rev.4 - 2015 atlasapitraining.com©

A. supporting and shaping the weld bead

SUMERGED ARC WELDING (SAW)

30. Major use of SAW is found in_______________________________.

A. Field welding of large bore piping

32. Which of following is not a limitation of the SAW welding process?

A. Low deposition rates

STUD ARC WELDING (SW)

A. ACEN - flat only

Rev.4 - 2015 atlasapitraining.com© 7

34. This process is limited to use with_______________________________.

A. Carbon and Stainless Steels only

Identify the following equipment by the welding process.

35. The process

8 Rev.4 - 2015 atlasapitraining.com©

36. The process

37. The process

Rev.4 - 2015 atlasapitraining.com© 9

38. The process

42. Piping is a type of normally found in the ____________.

81. __ or _ are used for detecting discontinuities in