Design of cylindrical Tank

Capacity of tank = 250000 ltrs

Assuming height of tank floor above GL = 12 m
Safe bearing capacity of soil = 100 KN/m2
Wind Pressure as per IS:875 = 1200 N/m2

Assuming M20 concrete

σ cbc = bending compressive stress in concrete = 7 N/mm2

σ cc = direct compressive stress in concrete = 5 N/mm2
σ t = direct tensile stress in concrete = 1.2 N/mm2
σ ct = bending tensile stress in concrete = 1.7 N/mm2

Modular Ratio, m = 280/3σcbc = 13.34

For steel stress

Tensile stress in direct tension = 115 N/mm2

Tensile stress tension in bending on liquid face = 115 N/mm2 (For thickness < 225 mm)
Tensile stress tension in bending on liquid face = 125 N/mm2 (For thickness > 225 mm)

D, diameter of tank = 7.5 m

Design of roof dome:

### Nf cos f
f
R = 3.75m R
Nf
θ Nf sin f
r
r
ф

R2+(r-1.5)2 = r2
=> R2+r2-2 x r x 1.5+1.52 = r2
=> R2 = (2x r-1.5)1.5

r= 5.44 m
ф= cos-1 (5.44-1.5)/5.44
o
= 43.59

1
cos ф = 0.7243
sin ф = 0.6895

Let us consider thickness of dome = 100 mm

Unit weight of RCC = 25000 N/m3
Self weight of dome 100/1000x25000 2500 N/m2
Live Load = 1500 N/m2
Total DL+LL,W = 2500+1500 = 4000 N/m2

Hoop stress = Wr/t x (cos2θ+cos θ-1/1+cosθ)

Hoop tension = Wr x (cos2θ+cos θ-1/1+cosθ)
Maximum hoop stress occurs at θ = 0
cos 0 = 1

Hoop tension = 4000x5.44x((1^2+1-1)/(1+1)) = 10880 N/m

Meridional stress = Wr/t (1-cos θ/sin2θ)

Meridional tension = Wr (1-cos θ/sin2θ)
o
Maximum meridional stress shall be occurred at θ = ф = 43.59

Meridional tension Nf= (4000x5.44)x((1-0.7243)/0.6895^2) = 12619.07 N/m

Meridional stress = 12619.07/100/1000 = 126190.7 N/m2
= 0.127 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement = 0.3% of c/s area
= 300 mm2
Dia of bar = 8 mm
C/s area of one bar = 50.27 mm2
Spacing of bar reqd = 167.57 mm
Spacing of bar provided = 150 mm

Hence provide 8 f bar @ 150 mm c/c in both direction

Design of ring beam at top

Horizontal component of meridional stress Nф = Nf cosf

= 12619.07x0.7243
= 9140 N/m
Hoop tension in ring beam = 9140x7.5/2 34275 N

Steel required for hoop tension = 34275/115= 298.05 mm2

Provide 4 nos 12 f reinf. bar

Area of ring beam considering concrete only = 34275/1.2
= 28562.5 mm2

Consider depth of ring beam = 250 mm

Width of beam required = 114.25 mm2
2
Provide ring beam width = 200 mm

Provided area of beam = 50000 mm2 > 28562.5 N/sq mm

Provide 8 f stirrups @ 200 c/c

Shear stress along the edge = Nf sinf

= 12619.07 x 0.6895
= 8700.85 N/mm

Shear stress = 8700.85/(100x1000)

= 0.088 N/mm2 Hence OK

Design of cylindrical wall

Height of wall, H = 5m
Density of water γw = 10000 N/m3
Water force on wall = γw x H = 50000 N/m2
Diameter of tank,D = 7.5 m
Hoop tension = γw x H xD/2
= 50000 x 7.5/2
= 187500 N/m
Assuming thickness of wall = T = 0.23 m

H2/DT = 5^2/(7.5 x0.23)

= 14.5
Considering 16

Depth X Ring Tension,Pr Bending Moment

below Co- Pr = Co-eff x Co-efficient M = co-
water efficient γ x H x D/2 eff x γw x
surface w
H3

0.5 0 0 0 0
1 0.099 18562.5 0 0
1.5 0.199 37312.5 -0.0001 -125 (-) ve sign indicates tension on liquid face
2 0.304 57000 -0.0002 -250 (-) ve sign indicates tension on liquid face
2.5 0.412 77250 -0.0001 -125 (-) ve sign indicates tension on liquid face
3 0.531 99562.5 0.0004 500
3.5 0.641 120187.5 0.0013 1625
4 0.687 128812.5 0.0019 2375
4.5 0.582 109125 0.0001 125
5 0.265 49687.5 -0.0079 -9875 (-) ve sign indicates tension on liquid face

Maxm Hoop Tension = 128812.5 N/m occurs at 4.0 m below top surface
Maxm BM = 9875 N-m/m at bottom of wall

Ast reqd = 128812.5/115 = 1120.11 mm2

Dia of bar = 12 mm
3
Hoop reinforcement is provided in both the faces
Ast required in each face = 560.055 mm2
C/s area of one bar = 113.1 mm2
Spacing reqd = 113.1 x 1000/560.055
= 201.95 mm
Spacing provided = 175 mm

Provide 12 mm ring bar @ 175 mm C/C

Ast provided in each face = 646.29 mm2
total Ast provided = 1292.58 mm2

Tensile stress in concrete

σt=T/ bd + (m-1)Ast = 128812.5/(1000x230+(13.34-1)x1292.58)
= 0.53 N/mm2
Allowable stress in concrete in direct tension = 1.2 N/mm2 Hence OK

Design of wall for cantilever action:

Maxm moment at base , M= 9875 N-m/m

k= mσcbc/(mσcbc+σst)
k= 0.45
j= 1-k/3
j= 0.85

R= 1/2 x σcbc x j x k
= 1.34

M = Rbd2
d= √M/Rb
= 85.85 mm

For f = 12 mm
Clear cover = 25 mm
Total thickness required = 85.85+12+25
= 123 mm

Provided thickness = 230 mm Hence Ok

Effective depth,d = 199 mm
Reinforcement reqd = M/σst x j x d
Ast = 9875 x 1000/(115x0.85x199)
Ast = 507.66 mm2

Dia of bar = 12 mm
C/s area of one bar 113.1 mm2
Spacing reqd = 113.1x1000/507.66
= 222.79 mm2

Spacing provided = 200 mm

4
Provide 12 f vertically @ 200 mm C/C at both faces
r-r cosf
Height of dome,h = r-r cosf
= r(1-cosf) r
= 5.44x(1-0.7243) r r
= 1.5 m f

Load from Dome = 2xπxRxhxW

= 2 x pi() x 5.44x1.5 x 4000
= 205083.17 N

Weight of ring beam from top = πxDxbxdxγ

= pi() x (7.5+200/1000)x0.25x0.2x25000
= 30237.83 N

Weight from side wall = π x D x H x Thickness of wall x 25000

= pi()x(7.5+0.23)X5X0.23X25000
= 698179.6974 N

Total Load = 205083.17+30237.83+698179.697352162

= 933500.7 N

Compressive stress = 933500.7/(pi()x(7.5+0.23)x0.23x1000)

= 0.168 N/mm2
Allowable direct compressive stress = 5 N/mm2 Hence OK

Design of ring beam at bottom

Load coming from top, W = 933500.7 N
Assuming Self weight of ring beam 10% of W = 93350.07 N
Total Load = 1026851 N
Angle of inclination of conical part with Horizontal =45 o
Cos 45o = 0.707
Sin 45 o
= 0.707
tan 45 o
= 1 45o

Inclined thrust at top of conical portion = 1026850.77/pi() x (7.5+0.23) x sin45

= 59807.9 N/m

Horizontal component of thrust = 59807.9 x cos 45

= 42284.19 N/m

Hoop tension on ring beam = 42284.1853 xD/2

= 158565.7 N

Water pressure = γw x H = 50000 N/m2

Considering width of beam = 0.3 m
5
Hoop tension due to water pressure = 50000x7.5/2 x0.3
= 56250 N

Total hoop tension,T = 158565.7+56250 = 214815.7 N

Area of steel required, Ast = 214815.7/115 = 1867.97 mm2

Dia of bar provided = 20 mm

C/s area of one bar = 315 mm2
Nos of bar required = 5.94
Nos of bar provided = 6

Area of steel provided = 1890 mm2

T = Ac x σ ct+(m-1)Ast
Ac = T-(m-1)Ast/σct = 159577.59 mm2

Width of beam has been considered = 300 mm

Depth of beam required = 159577.59/300 = 531.93 mm

Depth of beam provided = 550 mm

Size of beam provided = 300 mm x 550 mm

Use 12 f reinf. @ 150 C/C as stirrups

Design of Conical slab Dome Conical dome is subjected to both meridional thrust as well as as hoop
tension.

CL of tank

3.75 m
B2

Ww
1.4
3.92
T

45 o
B3
D0 = 4.70 m

6
7
Volume of water,V = pi()/4(7.5^2-4.7^2)x5+pi()x1.4/12x(7.5^2+4.7^2+7.5x4.7)-pi()/4 x4.7^2x1.4
= 151.49 m3

Weight of water, Ww= 151.49 x 10000

= 1514900 N

Let the thickness of conical slab = 0.35 m

Self weight of conical slab = pi() x (7.5+4.7)/2 x3.92x0.35x25000
= 657316 N

Load at Bottom ring beam (junction point of vertical & conical slab) = 1026851 N

Total load on conical dome = 1026851+657316+1514900

= 3199067 N

Total load on conical dome per m length = 3199067/(pi()x4.7) = 216659 N/m

Meridional thrust T in the conical dome = 216659/cos45

= 306449 N/m

Therefore meridional stress = 306449/(350x1000)

= 0.88 N/mm2 which is < 1.2 N/mm2

Hoop Tension

Diameter of conical dome at height h' from base = D'

D' = 4.7+(7.5-4.7)/2 x h'
= 4.7+1.4h'

Intensity of water pressure , w = (5+1.4-h')x10000 = (6.4-h')x10000 N/m2

Selfweight of conical dome, q = 0.35x25000 = 8750 N/m2

Hence Hoop tension, Po' = (w/cos 45o+q tan 45o) x D/2

= ((6.4-h')x10000/0.707+8750x 1)x4.7+1.4h'/2

The value of Po' for h' = 0 and h'=1.4 are tabulated below

h' Po
0.00 m 233292.34 N
1.00 m 259643.65 N
1.40 m 264639.62 N