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K3 Traffic Speed

The document discusses different types of vehicle speed, including: 1) Spot speed, which is the speed at a single point; running speed, which is the speed during movement; and journey speed, which is the average speed over the total distance and time. 2) Time mean speed and space mean speed, which are averages of vehicle speeds calculated differently over time or distance. 3) Various methods for measuring speed, such as radar guns, direct timing over short or long distances, elevated observers, and using moving observer cars to record journey times and traffic volumes.

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58 views19 pages

K3 Traffic Speed

The document discusses different types of vehicle speed, including: 1) Spot speed, which is the speed at a single point; running speed, which is the speed during movement; and journey speed, which is the average speed over the total distance and time. 2) Time mean speed and space mean speed, which are averages of vehicle speeds calculated differently over time or distance. 3) Various methods for measuring speed, such as radar guns, direct timing over short or long distances, elevated observers, and using moving observer cars to record journey times and traffic volumes.

Uploaded by

Programmer Xwx
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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KECEPATAN LALU

LINTAS
JENIS KECEPATAN ?
Jenis Kecepatan:
• Spot Speed
• Running Speed
• Journey Speed
• Spot Speed (Kecepatan seketika)
Kecepatan pada suatu titik di Jagorawi 120 km/j
• Running Speed (Kecepatan dari pergerakan saat
bergerak)
Kecepatan dari pergerakan saat bergerak, mis: dapat lintas
Bandung-Jakarta, saat di jalur puncak, saat di jalan toll
• Journey Speed (Total kecepatan rata-rata:
jarak/waktu total atau kecepatan perjalanan)
Contoh : bergerak Bandung-Jakarta sejauh 180 Km selama 4
jam perjalanan; journey speed: 180/4 = 45 km/jam.
Speed (u)
• Time mean speed ( ) ut
Arithmetic mean of the speeds of vehicles passing a
point on a highway during an interval of time (radar
gun or road tube study)

1 n
ut = ∑ ui
n i =1
Where;
n = # of vehicles
ui = speed (ft/sec or mi/hr)
Speed (u)

• Space mean speed ( ) us


Harmonic mean of the speeds of vehicles passing a point on a
highway during an interval of time (total distance traveled by 2
or more vehicles divided by time required to travel that
distance)
nL
us = n (ft/sec)
∑t i =1
i

Where;
n = # of vehicles
ti = time to cross section of highway (sec)
L=length (ft)
Space vs. Time Mean Speed Example

For a 100-foot section, the following were measured

Vehicle Measured Time to Travel 500 ft Measured Velocity (mph)


1 5.0 68
2 5.6 61
3 5.6 61
4 4.8 71
5 6.1 56
6 5.3 64
7 5.9 58
8 5.2 65
9 4.5 76
10 5.0 68
Space vs. Time Mean Speed Example

Calculate time mean speed and space mean speed.

1 n
ut = ∑ ui
n i =1
ut = 68 + 61 + 61 + 71 + 56 + 64 + 58 + 65 + 76 + 68 = 64.8 mph
10
Space vs. Time Mean Speed Example

Calculate space mean speed.

nL
us = n

∑t
i =1
i

us = ______________(500 ft) ( 10 ) _____________________ =


5.0 + 5.6 + 5.6 + 4.8 + 6.1 + 5.3 + 5.9 + 5.2 + 4. 5 + 5.0

us = 94.3 ft/sec = 64.3 mph < ut (always)


Jika diketahui time mean speed à Space mean speed ?

Jika diketahui space mean speed à time mean speed ?


48 Spot speed observations:

Determine:
• Space mean speed.
• Time mean Speed

Draw:
Histogram of Observed Speed
Cumulative percentage frequency diagram
Speed Measurement
I. Spot Speed Measurement:
a. Radar Meter (Membandingkan signal yang
dipancarkan dengan yang diterima)

ht= 3600 = 7 sec


500
Sering digunakan oleh polisi karena praktis.
Batas 500 Vph, karena semakin besar maka tidak
tahu kendaraan mana yang memancarkan
b. Direct Timing (jarak/waktu)
Terdiri dari short base dan long base.
a. Short base line ( 2 meter long; 10/9 meter) b. Long base line

b. Video
II. Mesurement of Journey and Running Speed
a. Registration Number Methode

q Orang pertama melihat waktu dan nomor plat


q Orang kedua melihat waktu dan nomor plat
q Berhenti tidak boleh bersamaan, orang 2 lebih lambat.

Kecepatan= jarak/waktu, running atau journey speed?


Dapat dilihat apakah kendaraan ada berhenti (misalnya makan);
dan bila ada kemacetan kecepatan adalah journey speed.
b. Elevated Observer
• Diamati dari daerah kontrol yang tinggi
• Sampling random
c. Moving car observer
• Potongan jalan homogen
• Kondisi LL standard (jam sibuk pagi, siang, sore, dll)
• Mengukur arus searah dan berlawanan arah
• Mobil sopir mengikuti arus disertai 3 orang:
v Journey observer : Mencatat waktu 1-2; 3-4.
v Opposing obs : Mencatat jlh kendaraan dalam arah berlawanan (x)
v Tally Counter : Menghitung berapa kendaraan menyiap dan disiap.
y = Jlh Kend menyiap – Jlh Kend disiap
• Dilakukan 12 putaran (tapi diperhatikan jangan terlalu lama agar waktu
sibuk tidak habis), maka sering dipakai 2 mobil

Rumus : w = with ; a = agains (untuk 2 kendaraan harus digabung)


Terima Kasih

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