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Absolute Value Equations Absolute Value Inequalities

1. Absolute value equations and inequalities involve finding numbers that satisfy distances from zero. They can be solved using properties of absolute values. 2. Examples show solving absolute value equations by finding numbers that satisfy the absolute value statement, and solving inequalities by determining intervals. 3. Special cases like equations being always true or having no solution require different approaches.

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Fachni Rosyadi
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181 views16 pages

Absolute Value Equations Absolute Value Inequalities

1. Absolute value equations and inequalities involve finding numbers that satisfy distances from zero. They can be solved using properties of absolute values. 2. Examples show solving absolute value equations by finding numbers that satisfy the absolute value statement, and solving inequalities by determining intervals. 3. Special cases like equations being always true or having no solution require different approaches.

Uploaded by

Fachni Rosyadi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Absolute Value Equations and

1.8 Inequalities
Absolute Value Equations
Absolute Value Inequalities

1.8 - 1
Distance Distance
is 3. is 3.
Distance Distance
is greater Distance is Distance is is greater
than 3. less than 3. less than 3. than 3.

–3 0 3

By definition, the equation |x| = 3 can be


solved by finding real numbers at a distance
of three units from 0. Two numbers satisfy
this equation, 3 and – 3.

So the solution set is {−3,3}.


1.8 - 2
Properties of Absolute Value
1. For b > 0, a =
b if and only if a =
b or a =
−b.
2. a = b if and only if a = b or a = −b.
For any positive number b:
3. a < b if and only if − b < a < b.
4. a > b if and only if a < −b or a > b.

1.8 - 3
Example 1 SOLVING ABSOLUTE VALUE
EQUATIONS
Solve
a. 5 − 3 x =
12
Solution
For the given expression 5 – 3x to have
absolute value 12, it must represent either 12
or –12 . This requires applying Property 1,
with a = 5 – 3x and b = 12.

1.8 - 4
Example 1 SOLVING ABSOLUTE VALUE
EQUATIONS
Solve
a. 5 − 3 x =
12
Solution
5 − 3x =
12

5 − 3x =
12 or 5 − 3x =
−12 Property 1

−3 x =
7 or −3 x =
−17 Subtract 5.

7 17
x= − or x= Divide by
3 3 –3.

1.8 - 5
Example 1 SOLVING ABSOLUTE VALUE
EQUATIONS
Solve
a. 5 − 3 x =
12
Solution
7 17
x= − or x= Divide by –3.
3 3
Check the solutions by substituting them in
the original absolute value equation. The
solution set is
{ 7 17
− ,
3 3 }
.

1.8 - 6
Example 1 SOLVING ABSOLUTE VALUE
EQUATIONS
Solve
b. 4 x − 3 = x + 6
Solution 4x − 3 = x + 6

4 x − 3 = x + 6 or 4 x − 3 =−( x + 6) Property 2
3x = 9 or 4 x − 3 =− x − 6
x =3or 5 x = −3
3
{ }
The solutionset is − ,3 . x = −
5
3
5
1.8 - 7
Example 2 SOLVING ABSOLUTE VALUE
INEQUALITIES
Solve
a. 2 x + 1 < 7
Solution
Use Property 3, replacing a with 2x + 1 and b
with 7.
2x + 1 < 7
−7 < 2 x + 1 < 7 Property 3

−8 < 2 x < 6 Subtract 1 from each


part.
−4 < x < 3 Divide each part by 2.
1.8 - 8
Example 2 SOLVING ABSOLUTE VALUE
INEQUALITIES
Solve
a. 2 x + 1 < 7
Solution
−4 < x < 3 Divide each part by 2.

The final inequality gives the solution set (–4, 3).

1.8 - 9
Example 2 SOLVING ABSOLUTE VALUE
INEQUALITIES
Solve
b. 2 x + 1 > 7
Solution
2x + 1 > 7
2 x + 1 < −7 or 2x + 1 > 7 Property 4

2 x < − 8 or 2x > 6
Subtract 1 from
each side.

x < −4 or x >3 Divide each


part by 2.

1.8 - 10
Example 2 SOLVING ABSOLUTE VALUE
INEQUALITIES
Solve
b. 2 x + 1 > 7
Solution
x < −4 or x >3 Divide each
part by 2.

The solution set is ( − ∞, −4) ∪ (3, ∞ ).

1.8 - 11
SOLVING AN ABSOLUTE VALUE INEQUALITY
Example 3 REQUIRING A TRANSFORMATION

Solve 2 − 7 x − 1 > 4.

Solution
2 − 7x − 1 > 4
Add 1 to each
2 − 7x > 5 side.

2 − 7 x < −5 or 2 − 7x > 5 Property 4

−7 x < −7 or −7 x > 3 Subtract 2.


3 Divide by –7;
x >1 or x<− reverse the
7 direction of each
inequality. 1.8 - 12
SOLVING AN ABSOLUTE VALUE INEQUALITY
Example 3 REQUIRING A TRANSFORMATION

Solve 2 − 7 x − 1 > 4.

Solution
3 Divide by –7;
x >1 or x<− reverse the
7 direction of each
inequality.

 3
The solution set is  − ∞, −  ∪ (1, ∞ ) .
 7

1.8 - 13
Example 4 SOLVING SPECIAL CASES OF
ABSOLUTE VALUE EQUATIONS AND
INEQULAITIES
Solve
a. 2 − 5 x ≥ −4
Solution Since the absolute value of a
number is always nonnegative, the inequality
is always true. The solution set includes all
real numbers.

1.8 - 14
Example 4 SOLVING SPECIAL CASES OF
ABSOLUTE VALUE EQUATIONS AND
INEQULAITIES
Solve
b. 4 x − 7 < −3
Solution There is no number whose
absolute value is less than –3 (or less than
any negative number). The solution set is φ.

1.8 - 15
Example 4 SOLVING SPECIAL CASES OF
ABSOLUTE VALUE EQUATIONS AND
INEQULAITIES
Solve
c. 5 x + 15 =
0
Solution The absolute value of a number
will be 0 only if that number is 0. Therefore,

5 x + 15 =
0 is equivalent to 5 x + 15 =
0

which has solution set {–3}. Check by


substituting into the original equation.
1.8 - 16

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