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    Chemistry (MAke It Easy To Learn)

    Uploaded by

    Ashraf Shaharudin
    The document discusses the relationship between chapters on electrochemistry and oxidation-reduction from the chemistry curriculum. It explains that reduction occurs at the cathode and oxidation at the anode. Oxidation involves loss of electrons and an increase in oxidation number, while reduction involves gain of electrons and a decrease in oxidation number. The document provides examples of oxidation-reduction equations from voltaic and electrolytic cells to illustrate these concepts. It highlights the key differences between voltaic and electrolytic cells, and notes that the factors affecting ion discharge differ between the two. Finally, it distinguishes voltaic cell processes from redox reactions and rusting processes, and lists the main concepts and equations students need to memorize from these chapters

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    Chemistry (MAke It Easy To Learn)

    Uploaded by

    Ashraf Shaharudin
    429 views4 pages
    The document discusses the relationship between chapters on electrochemistry and oxidation-reduction from the chemistry curriculum. It explains that reduction occurs at the cathode and oxidation at the anode. Oxidation involves loss of electrons and an increase in oxidation number, while reduction involves gain of electrons and a decrease in oxidation number. The document provides examples of oxidation-reduction equations from voltaic and electrolytic cells to illustrate these concepts. It highlights the key differences between voltaic and electrolytic cells, and notes that the factors affecting ion discharge differ between the two. Finally, it distinguishes voltaic cell processes from redox reactions and rusting processes, and lists the main concepts and equations students need to memorize from these chapters

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    Chemistry(MAke It Easy To Learn)

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    The document discusses the relationship between chapters on electrochemistry and oxidation-reduction from the chemistry curriculum. It explains that reduction occurs at the cathode and oxidation at the anode. Oxidation involves loss of electrons and an increase in oxidation number, while reduction involves gain of electrons and a decrease in oxidation number. The document provides examples of oxidation-reduction equations from voltaic and electrolytic cells to illustrate these concepts. It highlights the key differences between voltaic and electrolytic cells, and notes that the factors affecting ion discharge differ between the two. Finally, it distinguishes voltaic cell processes from redox reactions and rusting processes, and lists the main concepts and equations students need to memorize from these chapters

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    429 views4 pages

    Chemistry (MAke It Easy To Learn)

    Uploaded by

    Ashraf Shaharudin
    The document discusses the relationship between chapters on electrochemistry and oxidation-reduction from the chemistry curriculum. It explains that reduction occurs at the cathode and oxidation at the anode. Oxidation involves loss of electrons and an increase in oxidation number, while reduction involves gain of electrons and a decrease in oxidation number. The document provides examples of oxidation-reduction equations from voltaic and electrolytic cells to illustrate these concepts. It highlights the key differences between voltaic and electrolytic cells, and notes that the factors affecting ion discharge differ between the two. Finally, it distinguishes voltaic cell processes from redox reactions and rusting processes, and lists the main concepts and equations students need to memorize from these chapters

    Copyright:

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    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    CHEMISTRY

    Make It Easy To Learns (MIATL PROJECT 1)

    What is the relationship between CHAPTER 6(Form4) : Electrochemistry and


    CHAPTER 3 (Form 5): Oxidation and Reduction?

    Let make it simple


    The formula related to this process is REDCAT and OXINODE.

    What it mean exactly?

    REDCAT - Reduction process occur at cathode


    OXINODE - Oxidation process occur at anode

    What is Oxidation process and Reduction process related both chapter ?

    Oxidation Process - Loss of electron


    - Increase of oxidation number
    Reduction Process - Gain of electron
    - Decrease of oxidation number

    Loss or Gain electron how we know?

    We have to method to know this:


    1. From the equation given or equation we make
    2. From the word discharge/release of electron

    This also helps us to check whether the equation we make Correct or Not.

    Example: voltaic cell - electrode used Mg and Ca

    Cathode (Reduction): Mg2+ + e  Mg


    Anode (Oxidation): Ca  Ca2+ + e

    Did you see now?

    Increase/decrease of oxidation number? I don’t understand this?

    Let look at the example given:

    Look at the charge

    Cathode (Reduction): Mg2+ + e  Mg 2+  0


    Anode (Oxidation): Ca  Ca2+ + e 0  2+

    This also mean at the Cathode liquid change to solid and at the anode is Vice Versa

    What is the deferent between Electrolytic and Voltaic cell?

    Electrolytic Cell Voltaic Cell


    Electrical Reaction to Chemical Chemical Reaction to Electrical
    Reaction Reaction
    Cation and Anion Cation only
    The ion discharge at cathode(Cation) The ion discharge at cathode and
    and Anode(Anion) anode is Cation only
    Cathode(Negative terminal) and Cathode(Positive terminal) and
    Anode(Positive terminal) Anode(Negative terminal)
    Required a source of electric current Does not required a source of electric
    current
    Electrode from same material Two different metals

    We have 2 state of electrolytic cell right? What it is?

    Molten compound and aqueous solution

    What is the different?

    MOLTEN COMPOUND AQEUOUS SOLUTION


    DO NOT HAVE ANY FACTOR AFFECT HAVE 3 THREE FACTOR DISCHARGE OF
    DISCHARGE OF ION ION
    DO NOT HAVE OH- AND H+ HAVE OH- AND H+

    In molten compound the ion discharge is own compound

    Example:
    Molten PbBr the ion discharge is Pb2+ and Br-

    In aqueous solution we have three factors affect the discharge of ion

    1. Position of ion in Electrochemical Series


    2. Concentration of ion in the electrolyte
    3. Types of electrode used

    Can you explain me the factor above? Sure.

    1. Position in Electrochemical series (ECS)

    Example:
    Cathode: Zn2+ and H+ the ion discharge is Zn2+.This because H+ has located lower than Zn2+
    in ECS.
    Zn2+ + 2e  Zn
    Anode: Br- and OH- the ion discharge is OH-. This because OH- has located lower than Br- in
    ECS.
    4OH-  H2O + 2O2 + 4e(memorise this)

    2. Concentration ion in electrolyte the ion discharge same with molten compound
    because the concentration of water(OH- and H+) is very low and do not choose to
    discharge

    3. Type of Electrode

    The electrode used must another from carbon and platinum because they are inert
    electrode

    Example:
    The electrode used is Cu.

    Cathode: Cu2+ + 2e  Cu
    Anode: Cu  Cu2+ + 2e
    This process used in:
    1. Extraction of metals
    2. Purification of metals
    3. Electroplating of metals
    Caution the solution used must be the same with electrode used.

    Example:
    Cu electrode used. The solution use CuSO4.

    Now I know about Electrolytic Cell but what about Voltaic Cell?

    Okay let me explain

    In Voltaic Cell we have only one factor affect the discharge of ion.
    The factor is Position in ECS.
    The ion occur in this Voltaic Cell is only a Cation.
    The cation selective to discharge(release electron) is the ion has located higher in ECS

    Example:
    Zn2+ and Mg2+ the ion selective to discharge is Mg2+.

    Anode: Mg  Mg2+ + 2e
    Cathode: Zn2+ + 2e  Zn

    Is that the Voltaic Cell Process same with Rusting Process?

    Almost

    Almost, what is the different actually?

    Voltaic Cell Process Rusting Process


    The discharge of ion at cathode is Cation The discharge of ion at cathode is water
    2O2 + H2O + 4e  4OH-
    At anode both are same factor affect the discharge of ion

    Can you explain about rusting process?

    Sure.
    To form a rusting,Fe(OH)2 at anode the ion have to discharge must be Fe2+. Thus we can
    prevent rusting by three methods:
    1. Alloying
    2. Sacrificial Protection
    Iron connected with more electropositive metal/higher place than metal in ECS.
    3. Protective Coating/Painting

    What about voltaic cell process and Redox reaction, is that same?

    No, now I explain to you.

    Voltaic Cell Redox reaction


    Cathode(positive terminal) and Anode(negative terminal)
    At Cathode and Anode, ion selective to At Cathode and Anode, ion discharge depend
    discharge depend in position in ECS on the solution given

    Example of Redox Reaction:

    What do I need to memorise in this 2 chapter?

    1. ECS

    2. Some equation in redox reaction

    3. The colour of solution or metal

    4. The indicator used to detect the present of some solution

    That only thing you have to know in this two chapter...


    So Make It Easy Learn...
    Thank you...
    Author:
    Muhd Ashraf bin Shaharudin
    Form5 (2010)

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