Right to Know

Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet

Common Name: NITROCELLULOSE
CAS Number: 9004-70-0
Synonyms: Collodion; Cellulose Nitrate Solution; Pyroxylin Solution
RTK Substance Number: 1366
Chemical Name: Cellulose, Nitrate
DOT Number: UN 2556 (solid)
Date: April 2001 Revision: February 2010
UN 2059 (solution)

Description and Use EMERGENCY RESPONDERS >>>> SEE LAST PAGE

Nitrocellulose is a white, granular chip or fibrous material, Hazard Summary
which is usually kept wet in water or an alcohol solution. It is Hazard Rating NJDOH NFPA
used for automobile lacquers, and in printing inks, explosives HEALTH - 2
and rocket propellants. 3 (Nitrocellulose)
FLAMMABILITY -
4 (Collodion)
3 (Nitrocellulose)
REACTIVITY -
0 (Collodion)
FLAMMABLE AND REACTIVE
Reasons for Citation EXPLOSIVE WHEN DRY
POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE
f Nitrocellulose is on the Right to Know Hazardous
CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE
Substance List because it is cited by DOT and NFPA.
f This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance
Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious;
List. 4=severe

f Nitrocellulose can affect you when inhaled.

f Contact can irritate the skin and eyes.
f Inhaling Nitrocellulose can irritate the nose and throat.
f Exposure can cause headache, dizziness, difficulty
SEE GLOSSARY ON PAGE 5. breathing and loss of consciousness.
f Nitrocellulose may affect the nervous system.
f Nitrocellulose is FLAMMABLE and REACTIVE and a
FIRST AID DANGEROUS FIRE and EXPLOSION HAZARD.
Eye Contact
f Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15
minutes, lifting upper and lower lids. Remove contact
lenses, if worn, while rinsing. Workplace Exposure Limits
No occupational exposure limits have been established for
Skin Contact
Nitrocellulose. However, it may pose a health risk. Always
f Remove contaminated clothing and wash contaminated skin
with soap and water. follow safe work practices.

Inhalation
f Remove the person from exposure.
f Begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if
breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped.
f Transfer promptly to a medical facility.

EMERGENCY NUMBERS

Poison Control: 1-800-222-1222

CHEMTREC: 1-800-424-9300
NJDEP Hotline: 1-877-927-6337
National Response Center: 1-800-424-8802
NITROCELLULOSE Page 2 of 6

Determining Your Exposure Other Effects

f Nitrocellulose may affect the nervous system.
f Read the product manufacturer’s Material Safety Data
Sheet (MSDS) and the label to determine product
ingredients and important safety and health information
Medical
about the product mixture.
Medical Testing
f For each individual hazardous ingredient, read the New
If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the
Jersey Department of Health Hazardous Substance Fact following is recommended:
Sheet, available on the RTK website
(www.nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb) or in your facility’s RTK f Exam of the nervous system
Central File or Hazard Communication Standard file.
Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and
f You have a right to this information under the New Jersey
present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for
Worker and Community Right to Know Act and the Public damage already done are not a substitute for controlling
Employees Occupational Safety and Health (PEOSH) Act exposure.
if you are a public worker in New Jersey, and under the
federal Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) if you Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right
are a private worker. to this information under the OSHA Access to Employee
Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR 1910.1020).
f The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most
employers to label chemicals in the workplace and
requires public employers to provide their employees with
information concerning chemical hazards and controls.
The federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29
CFR 1910.1200) and the PEOSH Hazard Communication
Standard (N.J.A.C. 12:100-7) require employers to provide
similar information and training to their employees.

This Fact Sheet is a summary of available information

regarding the health hazards that may result from exposure.
Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other
factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential
effects described below.

Health Hazard Information

Acute Health Effects
The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur
immediately or shortly after exposure to Nitrocellulose:

f Contact can irritate the skin and eyes.

f Inhaling Nitrocellulose can irritate the nose and throat.
f Exposure can cause headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness,
difficulty breathing and loss of consciousness.

Chronic Health Effects

The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at
some time after exposure to Nitrocellulose and can last for
months or years:

Cancer Hazard
f According to the information presently available to the New
Jersey Department of Health, Nitrocellulose has not been
tested for its ability to cause cancer in animals.

Reproductive Hazard
f According to the information presently available to the New
Jersey Department of Health, Nitrocellulose has not been
tested for its ability to affect reproduction.
NITROCELLULOSE Page 3 of 6

Workplace Controls and Practices f All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear)
should be clean, available each day, and put on before work.
Very toxic chemicals, or those that are reproductive hazards or
f Wear protective clothing made of material that does not
sensitizers, require expert advice on control measures if a less
generate static electricity.
toxic chemical cannot be substituted. Control measures
include: (1) enclosing chemical processes for severely
irritating and corrosive chemicals, (2) using local exhaust Eye Protection
ventilation for chemicals that may be harmful with a single f For solid Nitrocellulose wear eye protection with side
exposure, and (3) using general ventilation to control shields or goggles.
exposures to skin and eye irritants. For further information on f Wear indirect-vent, impact and splash resistant goggles
workplace controls, consult the NIOSH document on Control when working with liquids.
Banding at www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/ctrlbanding/.
Respiratory Protection
The following work practices are also recommended: Improper use of respirators is dangerous. Respirators
should only be used if the employer has implemented a written
f Label process containers. program that takes into account workplace conditions,
f Provide employees with hazard information and training.
requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing, and
f Monitor airborne chemical concentrations.
f Use engineering controls if concentrations exceed
medical exams, as described in the OSHA Respiratory
recommended exposure levels. Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134).
f Provide eye wash fountains and emergency showers.
f Wash or shower if skin comes in contact with a hazardous f For solid Nitrocellulose, use a NIOSH approved negative
material. pressure, air-purifying, particulate filter respirator with an N,
f Always wash at the end of the workshift. R or P95 filter. More protection is provided by a full
f Change into clean clothing if clothing becomes facepiece respirator than by a half-mask respirator, and even
contaminated. greater protection is provided by a powered-air purifying
f Do not take contaminated clothing home. respirator.
f Get special training to wash contaminated clothing. f Leave the area immediately if (1) while wearing a filter or
f Do not eat, smoke, or drink in areas where chemicals are cartridge respirator you can smell, taste, or otherwise detect
being handled, processed or stored. Nitrocellulose, (2) while wearing particulate filters abnormal
f Wash hands carefully before eating, smoking, drinking, resistance to breathing is experienced, or (3) eye irritation
applying cosmetics or using the toilet. occurs while wearing a full facepiece respirator. Check to
make sure the respirator-to-face seal is still good. If it is,
In addition, the following may be useful or required: replace the filter or cartridge. If the seal is no longer good,
you may need a new respirator.
f Consider all potential sources of exposure in your workplace.
f Before entering a confined space where Nitrocellulose may
You may need a combination of filters, prefilters or cartridges
be present, check to make sure that an explosive to protect against different forms of a chemical (such as
concentration does not exist. vapor and mist) or against a mixture of chemicals.
f Where possible, transfer Nitrocellulose from drums or other
f Where the potential for high exposure exists, use a NIOSH
containers to process containers in an enclosed system. approved supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece
operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure
mode. For increased protection use in combination with an
Personal Protective Equipment auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus or an
emergency escape air cylinder.
The OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standard (29 CFR
1910.132) requires employers to determine the appropriate
personal protective equipment for each hazard and to train
Fire Hazards
employees on how and when to use protective equipment.
If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained
and equipped as stated in the OSHA Fire Brigades Standard
The following recommendations are only guidelines and may (29 CFR 1910.156).
not apply to every situation.
f Nitrocellulose is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID, or an
Gloves and Clothing EXPLOSIVE when dry, and can be ignited or exploded with
f Avoid skin contact with Nitrocellulose. Wear personal HEAT, SPARKS, or FRICTION.
protective equipment made from material which can not be f For Nitrocellulose in solution, use dry chemical or CO2 as
permeated or degraded by this substance. Safety extinguishing agents.
equipment suppliers and manufacturers can provide f For dry Nitrocellulose, use water spray or fog.
recommendations on the most protective glove and clothing f POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, including
material for your operation. Nitrogen Oxides and Hydrogen Cyanides.
f Safety equipment manufacturers recommend Silver f CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE.
Shield®/4H® and Barrier® for gloves, and Tychem® f Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool.
Responder®, and Trellchem® VPS, or the equivalent, as
protective materials for clothing.
NITROCELLULOSE Page 4 of 6

Spills and Emergencies Occupational Health Information

If employees are required to clean-up spills, they must be
Resources
properly trained and equipped. The OSHA Hazardous Waste
Operations and Emergency Response Standard (29 CFR The New Jersey Department of Health offers multiple services
1910.120) may apply. in occupational health. These services include providing
informational resources, educational materials, public
If Nitrocellulose is spilled or leaked, take the following steps: presentations, and industrial hygiene and medical
investigations and evaluations.
f Evacuate personnel and secure and control entrance to the
area.
f Eliminate all ignition sources. For more information, please contact:
f Absorb liquids in dry sand, earth, or a similar material and
place into sealed containers for disposal.
f For dry Nitrocellulose, thoroughly wet with water, sweep- New Jersey Department of Health
up, and place into tightly closed, water tight containers. Right to Know
f Ventilate and wash area after clean-up is complete. PO Box 368
f Keep Nitrocellulose out of confined spaces, such as Trenton, NJ 08625-0368
sewers, because of the possibility of an explosion. Phone: 609-984-2202
f It may be necessary to contain and dispose of
Fax: 609-984-7407
Nitrocellulose as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your
state Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) or your E-mail: [email protected]
regional office of the federal Environmental Protection Web address: http://www.nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb
Agency (EPA) for specific recommendations.
The Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheets
are not intended to be copied and sold
Handling and Storage for commercial purposes.
Prior to working with Nitrocellulose you should be trained on
its proper handling and storage.

f Nitrocellulose, when dry, is shock sensitive and can ignite

spontaneously and explode when exposed to HEAT;
FLAMES; IGNITION SOURCES; AIR; SUNLIGHT or
OXIDIZING AGENTS (such as PERCHLORATES,
PEROXIDES, PERMANGANATES, CHLORATES,
NITRATES, CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE).
f Nitrocellulose is not compatible with ACETYL PEROXIDE;
BROMOAZIDE; STRONG ACIDS (such as
HYDROCHLORIC, SULFURIC and NITRIC); STRONG
BASES (such as SODIUM HYDROXIDE and POTASSIUM
HYDROXIDE); METALS; METAL SALTS; METAL OXIDES;
and AMINES.
f Nitrocellulose attacks some RUBBER, COATINGS and
PLASTICS.
f Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated
area away from COMBUSTIBLES, SUNLIGHT, HEAT and
any IGNITION SOURCE.
f Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are
prohibited where Nitrocellulose is used, handled, or stored.
f Metal containers involving the transfer of Nitrocellulose
should be grounded and bonded.
f Use explosion-proof electrical equipment and fittings
wherever Nitrocellulose is used, handled, manufactured, or
stored.
f Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially when
opening and closing containers of Nitrocellulose.
f Nitrocellulose may accumulate static electricity when being
filled into properly grounded containers.
NITROCELLULOSE Page 5 of 6

GLOSSARY

ACGIH is the American Conference of Governmental Industrial LEL or Lower Explosive Limit, is the lowest concentration of
Hygienists. They publish guidelines called Threshold Limit a combustible substance (gas or vapor) in the air capable of
Values (TLVs) for exposure to workplace chemicals. continuing an explosion.
mg/m3 means milligrams of a chemical in a cubic meter of air.
Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) are established
It is a measure of concentration (weight/volume).
by the EPA. They describe the risk to humans resulting from
once-in-a lifetime, or rare, exposure to airborne chemicals.
A mutagen is a substance that causes mutations. A mutation
is a change in the genetic material in a body cell. Mutations
Boiling point is the temperature at which a substance can
can lead to birth defects, miscarriages, or cancer.
change its physical state from a liquid to a gas.
NFPA is the National Fire Protection Association. It classifies
A carcinogen is a substance that causes cancer.
substances according to their fire and explosion hazard.
The CAS number is unique, identifying number, assigned by
NIOSH is the National Institute for Occupational Safety and
the Chemical Abstracts Service, to a specific chemical.
Health. It tests equipment, evaluates and approves
respirators, conducts studies of workplace hazards, and
CFR is the Code of Federal Regulations, which are the
proposes standards to OSHA.
regulations of the United States government.
NTP is the National Toxicology Program which tests chemicals
A combustible substance is a solid, liquid or gas that will burn.
and reviews evidence for cancer.
A corrosive substance is a gas, liquid or solid that causes
OSHA is the federal Occupational Safety and Health
destruction of human skin or severe corrosion of containers.
Administration, which adopts and enforces health and safety
standards.
The critical temperature is the temperature above which a
gas cannot be liquefied, regardless of the pressure applied.
PEOSHA is the New Jersey Public Employees Occupational
Safety and Health Act, which adopts and enforces health and
DEP is the New Jersey Department of Environmental
safety standards in public workplaces.
Protection.
Permeated is the movement of chemicals through protective
DOT is the Department of Transportation, the federal agency
materials.
that regulates the transportation of chemicals.
ppm means parts of a substance per million parts of air. It is a
EPA is the Environmental Protection Agency, the federal
measure of concentration by volume in air.
agency responsible for regulating environmental hazards.
Protective Action Criteria (PAC) are values established by
ERG is the Emergency Response Guidebook. It is a guide for
the Department of Energy and are based on AEGLs and
emergency responders for transportation emergencies
ERPGs. They are used for emergency planning of chemical
involving hazardous substances.
release events.
Emergency Response Planning Guideline (ERPG) values
A reactive substance is a solid, liquid or gas that releases
provide estimates of concentration ranges where one
energy under certain conditions.
reasonably might anticipate observing adverse effects.
STEL is a Short Term Exposure Limit which is usually a 15-
A fetus is an unborn human or animal.
minute exposure that should not be exceeded at any time
during a work day.
A flammable substance is a solid, liquid, vapor or gas that will
ignite easily and burn rapidly.
A teratogen is a substance that causes birth defects by
damaging the fetus.
The flash point is the temperature at which a liquid or solid
gives off vapor that can form a flammable mixture with air.
UEL or Upper Explosive Limit is the highest concentration in
air above which there is too much fuel (gas or vapor) to begin a
IARC is the International Agency for Research on Cancer, a
reaction or explosion.
scientific group.
Vapor Density is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of
Ionization Potential is the amount of energy needed to
one gas to the weight of another (usually Air), at the same
remove an electron from an atom or molecule. It is measured
temperature and pressure.
in electron volts.
The vapor pressure is a force exerted by the vapor in
IRIS is the Integrated Risk Information System database on
equilibrium with the solid or liquid phase of the same
human health effects that may result from exposure to various
substance. The higher the vapor pressure the higher
chemicals, maintained by federal EPA.
concentration of the substance in air.
 Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet

Common Name: NITROCELLULOSE

Synonyms: Collodion; Cellulose Nitrate Solution; Pyroxylin Solution
CAS No: 9004-70-0
Molecular Formula: Varies
RTK Substance No: 1366
Description: White, granular chip or fibrous material, which is usually in a water or alcohol solution
HAZARD DATA
Hazard Rating Firefighting Reactivity
Nitrocellulose is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID, or an Nitrocellulose, when dry, is shock sensitive and can ignite
2 - Health
EXPLOSIVE when dry, and can be ignited or spontaneously and explode when exposed to HEAT; FLAMES;
3 - Fire (Nitrocellulose) exploded with HEAT, SPARKS, or FRICTION. IGNITION SOURCES; AIR; SUNLIGHT or OXIDIZING AGENTS
4 - Fire (Collodion) For Nitrocellulose in solution, use dry chemical (such as PERCHLORATES, PEROXIDES, PERMANGANATES,
3 - Reactivity or CO2 as extinguishing agents. CHLORATES, NITRATES, CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE).
For dry Nitrocellulose, use water spray or fog. Nitrocellulose is not compatible with ACETYL PEROXIDE;
(Nitrocellulose)
POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, BROMOAZIDE; STRONG ACIDS (such as HYDROCHLORIC,
0 - Reactivity
including Nitrogen Oxides and Hydrogen SULFURIC and NITRIC); STRONG BASES (such as SODIUM
(Collodion) Cyanides. HYDROXIDE and POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE); METALS; METAL
DOT#: CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE. SALTS; METAL OXIDES; and AMINES.
UN 2556 (Solid) Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers Nitrocellulose attacks some RUBBER, COATINGS and PLASTICS.
UN 2059 (Solution) cool. Nitrocellulose may accumulate static electricity when being filled into
ERG Guide #: properly grounded containers.
113 (Solid)
127 (Solution)
Hazard Class:
4.1 (Flammable solid)
3 (Flammable liquid)

SPILL/LEAKS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Isolation Distance: Odor Threshold: Odorless to Ether or Alcohol-like
Small Spill: 100 meters (330 feet) Flash Point: 55oF (13oC) (Solid) <0oF (<-18oC) (Solution)
Large Spill: 500 meters (1/3 mile) LEL: 1.9% (Solution)
Fire: 800 meters (1/2 mile)
UEL: 48% (Solution)
Absorb liquids in dry sand, earth, or a similar material and
place into sealed containers for disposal. Auto Ignition Temp: 338oF (170oC) (Solution)
For dry Nitrocellulose, thoroughly wet with water, sweep-up, Vapor Density: 2.6 (Solution) air = 1
and place into tightly closed, water tight containers.
Specific Gravity: 1.66 (Solid) 0.8 (Solution) (water = 1)
Keep Nitrocellulose out of confined spaces, such as sewers,
because of the possibility of an explosion. Boiling Point: 95oF (35oC) (Solution)
Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially when Molecular Weight: 459 to 594
opening and closing containers of Nitrocellulose.

EXPOSURE LIMITS PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Gloves: SilverShield®/4H® and Barrier® (>8-hr breakthrough for Nitro
The Protective Action Criteria values are: compounds and Ethyl Ether)
3
PAC-1 = 60 mg/m Coveralls: Tychem® Responder and Trellchem VPS (>8-hr breakthrough
3
PAC-2 = 400 mg/m for Nitro compounds and Ethyl Ether)
PAC-3 = 500 mg/m3 (Use safety shoes with antistatic base and flash protection at
>10% of the LEL)
Respirator: SCBA

HEALTH EFFECTS FIRST AID AND DECONTAMINATION

Eyes: Irritation Remove the person from exposure.
Flush eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove
Skin: Irritation contact lenses if worn.
Inhalation: Nose and throat irritation Remove contaminated clothing and wash contaminated skin with soap
Headache, dizziness, difficulty and water.
breathing and loss of consciousness Begin artificial respiration if breathing has stopped and CPR if necessary.
Transfer promptly to a medical facility.

February 2010