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42x 1  1024
42x.4  1024
42x  256
4 x  16
x+1 2x-1
5. If 3 =81, find 3
Answer: 243
1. Solve for x if 8x  2y  2 and 163x  y  4y
Answer: 2 Solution:
3 x 1  81
Solution:
3 x  3  81
8 x  2y  2  
3 x  27
163  y  4y 
From equation  : 3 x  33
23x  2y  2 x3
Thus,
3x  y  2 
32x 1  36 1
From equation :
42(3x  y )  4y 32x 1  243
6x  2y  y
6x  3y 2
6. Solve for x if In (x +x-2) = In 2x+In(x-1)
2x  y Answer: 2
Between equations  & :
3x  y  2 Solution:
3x  2x  2  
In x 2  x  2  In 2x  In  x  1
x2 In  x  2  x  1  In  2x  x  1
x  2  2x
If 8  3, find the value of 26x .
x
2.
x2
Answer: 9
x
Solution: 7. If log xy = 6 and log  2.
From: y
8x  3 Solve for x and y.
Answer: x = 10000,y = 100
23x  3
Solution:
Squaring both sides: log xy  6 Divide  by 
 
2
23x  32 xy 106
log10 xy  6  2
26x  9 x / y 10
xy  106   y 2  104
 x 1 log  x / y   2 y  100
3. Solve for x: 16 8
x
Answer: 1/4  102   x  100 100   10,000
y
Solution:
16 x 1  8 8. Find the value of x:
Log 6 + x log 4 = log 4 + log (32+4 x)
2 
 x 1
  2
4 3
Answer: 3
4  4x
2  23 Solution:
4  4x  3
1

log 6  x log 4  log 4  log 32  4 x 
x
4 log 6  log 4  log 4  log  32  4 
x x

2x+1 x log  6   4   log  4   32  4 

x x
4. If 4 =1024, find the value of 4 .
Answer: 16
 6  4 x  4  32   4  4 x
Solution: 2  4   4  32 
x

4 x  64
x3

9. Find the value of x if

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x = log ca  log ab  log bc logx 2 
1
Answer: 1 log2 x
1
Solution:  log2 x  2
log2 x
log a
logc a 
1   log2 x   2log2 x
2
log c

loga b 
log b log2 x 2  2log2 x  1  0
log a
2  4  4 1
logb c 
log c log2 x 
log b 2
log a log b log c log2 x  1
x . .
log c log a log b x2
x 1
14. Determine the k so that the equation 4x2+kx+1= 0 will have
just one real solution.
10. Solve for x if log x2 = (log x)2.
Answer: 4
Answer: 1,100
Solution:
Solution:
4x 2  kx  1  0
log x 2  log x 
2
A  4, B  k, C 1
2 log x  log x 
2
B  4AC  0  so that it willhave only one real value 
2

log x log x  2   0
k 2  4  4 1  0
Equate each factor to zero :
k4
log x  0 ; x  100  1
log x  2  0 ; 2
15. Find the value of k in the quadratic equation 3x -kx+x-7k=0
log x  2 x  102  100 if 3 is one of the roots.
Answer: 3

11. If log (9!) = 5.5598. What is the log of 10! Solution:

Answer: 6.5598
3x 2  kx  x  7k  0
Solution: 3  3   k  3   3  7k  0
2

k3
log10!  log 10.9!
log10!  log10  log9!
log10!  1  5.5598 16. Find the absolute value of x if 4+4x  12
log10!  6.5598 Answer: 2,-4

Solution:
12. If In x2 = (In x)2 solve for x: 4  4x  12 4  4x  12
Answer: e2 4x  8 4x  16
x2 x  4
Solution:
2,-4
In x 2  In x 
2

2 In x  In x In x
2  In x 17. Find the value of c from the given quadratic equation
2  loge x
x2 -4x+c=0 if the product of the roots is -5.
xe 2
Answer: -5

13. If log x2 + log2x = 2 solve for x: Solution:

Answer: 2
x 2  4x  C  0
Solution: A 1 B  4
C
x1  x 2 
A
C
 5  
1
C  5

18. Find the value of k from the given quadratic equation

2x2  kx  6  0 if the sum of the roots is equal to 4.
Answer: 8

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n  n  1n  2  ... n  r  2  xn r 1yr 1
Solution:
B r  1 !
x1  x 2  
12 1110  9  8  7  6  3 5 7
k
A
7  6  5  4  3  2 1
 x  1  25952256
4
2
k8 792 x15  25952256
x2
19. Find the value of h in the equation 2x  hx  4x  5h  0
2 2

so that the sum of the roots is 2. 24. Find the coefficient of (x+y)10 containing the term x7y3.
Answer: 4 Answer: 120

Solution: Solution:
B
r1  r2  kxn m ym  kx 7 y 3 ;n  10 ;m  3
A
n!
 2  h x 2  4x  5h  0 k
n  m  !m!
B
2 10!
A k
7!3!
4
2 10  9  8  7!
2h k
2  h  2 7!3  2 1
h4 k  120

x -x 8
20. Find the value of the constant h in the quadratic equation 25. What is the 5th term of the expansion of (e +e ) ?
3x2  hx  x  7h  0 if 3 is one of the roots. Answer: 70
Answer: 3
Solution:
Solution: r  5 ;m  r  1  5  1  4

3  3   h  3    3   7h  0
n!
  
2 4 4
 ex e x
 n  m  !m!
h3
8! o
 e  70
4! 4!
21. Find the value of the constant “h” in the quadratic equation
2h x2  3x2  4x  5h  0 if the product of the roots is -4.
26. Find the middle term of the expansion of (x2-5)8.
Answer: 4 Answer: 43750 x8
Solution:
Solution:
8!
 
4

r1 r2 
C middle term  x2  5 4
4! 4!
A
middle term  70 x 8  5 
4
5h
4 
2h  3 middle term  43750 x 8
8 h  12  5 h
h  4
 
12
27. Find the middle term of the expansion of x y .
3 3
Answer: 924 x y
22. Find the sum of the coefficients of the expansion of (x+2)4.
Answer: 65
Solution:

  y 
12! 1/ 2 6 6
Solution: Middle term  x 1/ 2
6!6!
substitute x  1 but subtract the value of  2  .
4
middle term  924 x 3 y 3
Sum of coefficient  1  2    2   65
4 4

28. Find the 6th term of the expansion of (2-x)14.

Answer: -1025024 x5
23. Find the value of x if the 8th term of the expansion of

x 
12
3
1 is equal to 25952256. Solution:
r6 ; m  r 1  5
Answer: 2
n!
 xn m ym
Solution: n  m  !m!
14!
  2 9   x 5
9!5!
 1025024 x 5

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n  n  1 3m  n  1
29. Find the value of “x” in the following series of number S
6
12,13,17,26, x.
Answer: 42  no. of spheres in the long side of 
m  6 
 rec tan gular base 
Solution:  no. of spheres in the short side of 
12 13 17 26 x n4 
 rectangular base 
1  2 3 
2 2 2
 4 2 4  4  1 3  6   4  1
S
12  1  13 x  26   4 
2 2
6
4  5 15 
13   2   17
2
x  42 S  50 spheres
6
17   3   36
2

34. Spheres of the same radius are piled in the form of a pyramid
with a square base until there is just one sphere at the top
30. Find the value of x of the given equation shown. layer. If there are 4 spheres on each side of the square, find
x + 2x +4x+8x+16x+…….256x=1022. the total number of spheres I the pile.
Answer: 2 Answer: 30 spheres

Solution: Solution:
Complete the sequence using common ratio = 2,
n  n  1 2n  1
x  2x  4x  8x  16x  32x  64x  128x  256x  1022 S
Solve for x: 6
511x  1022 4  4  1 8  1
S
x2 6
S  30 spheres

31. Find the value of x from the sequence number shown.

X+2x+3x+4x+….….8x=72. 35. Spheres of equal size are piled in the form of a complete
Answer: 2 pyramid with a rectangular base, find the total number of
spheres in the pile if the number of spheres in the long side
Solution: is 5 and that of the short side is 4 until the top layer consists
By inspection the sequence forms an arithmetic progression. of a single row of 2 spheres.
Complete the sequence and solve for x: Answer: 40

x  2x  3x  4x  5x  6x  7x  8x  72 Solution:
n  n  1 3m  n  1
S
Solving for x: 6
36 x  72  no. of spheres in the long side of 
m  5 
x2  rec tan gular base 
 no. of spheres in the short side of 
n4 
32. Find the value of x from the series of numbers shown.  rectangular base 
x + 3x + 9x + 27x…..729x=3279. 4  4  1 3  5   4  1
Answer: 3 S
6
Solution: 4  5 12 
S
By inspection, the sequence forms a geometric progression. 6
Complete the sequence and solve for x: S  40 Spheres

x  3x  9 x  27 x  81x  243x  729x  3279

1093x  3279 36. Find the reminder if we divide
x 3 4y3  18y2  8y  4 by  2y  3  .
Answer: 11
33. If equal spheres are piled in a form of a complete pyramid
with a rectangular base, find the total number of spheres in
Solution:
the pile if the number of spheres in the long side is 6 and
2y 2  6y  5
that of the short side is 4 until the top layer consist of a
single row of 3 spheres. 2y  3 4y  18y  8y  4
3 2

Answer: 50 4y 3  6y 2

Solution: 12y 2  8y
12y 2  8y
 10y  4
 10y  5
 11re min der 

37 If 8+11a+8a3+18a2 is divided by 4a2+1+3a, the reminder is:

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Answer: 5 Kxy 2
C
z
Solution:
K  2 1
2

2a  3 100 
4
4a2  3a  1 8a3  18a2  11a  8 K  200
8a3  6a2  2a
Kxy 2
C
 12a2  9a  8 z
 12a2  9a  3 200  3  2 
2
C
 5  remin der  5
C  480

38. If 1and -2 are rational roots of the equation 41. Twelve men can finish the job in 16 days. Five men were
working at the start and after 8 days 3 men were added.
x4  x3  4x2  6x  12  0. what is the second depressed
How many days will it take to finish the job?
equation?
Answer: 27 days
Answer: x2+6=0
Solution:
Solution:
1  1  4  6  12 1 12(16)=5(8)+(5+3)x
 1  2  6  12 X=19 days
1  2  6  12  0 Total number of days to finish the job
=19+8
x 3  2x 2  6x  12  0 1st depressed equation  = 27 days

1  2  6  12
42. The vibration frequency of string varies as the square root of
 2  0  12 -2 the tension and inversely as the product of the length and
1 0  6  0 diam. of the testing. If the testing is 3 feet long and 0.03 inch
diameter vibrates at 720times per second under 90 pounds
x 2  6  0  2nd depressed equation  tension, at what frequency will a 2 ft, 0.025 inch string
vibrate under 50 pounds tension.
39. The radius of a curvature of a given curve varies directly with Answer: 966
x and inversely with the square of y. When x =2, y=3, the
radius of curvature is 100. Find the radius of curvature when Solution:
x =4 and y=6.
K T
Answer: 50 w
LD
Solution: K 90
720 
ry
kx 3  0.03 
y2 K  6.8305
k  2
100  w
K T
 3 2 LD
k  450 6.8305 50
w
kx 2  0.025 
r
y2 w  966
450  4 
r 43. Eight men can excavate15 cu.m. of drainage open canal in 7
 6 2 hours. Three men can backfill 10 cu.m. in 4 hours. How long
r  50 will it take 10 men to excavate and backfill 20 cu.m. in the
same project?
40. The value of C varies directly with x and the square of y and Answer: 9.87 hrs.
conversely with z. When x=2, y=1 and z=4,C=100. Find the
value of C when x=3,y=2 and z=5. Solution:
Answer: 480 For excavation:
No. of man hours to excavate/cu.m. of drainage
Solution: 8 7
=  3.733
15
Total no. of man-hours required to excavate 20 cu.m.
=3.733(20)
=74.667
Total no. of hrs. to excavate 20 cu.m. with 10 men.
74.667
=  7.47 hrs.
10
For backfill:

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No. of man hours needed to backfill per cu.m. of No. of days ahead =20-18
3  4 =2 days
drainage =  1.2
10 51. A piece of wire of length 36π is cut into two unequal parts.
Total no. of man hours required to backfill 20 cu.m. Each part is then bent to form a circle. It is found that the
=1.2(20)=24 total area of the two circle is 80π. Find the diff. in radius of
Total no. of hours to backfill 20 cu.m. with 10 men two circles.
24 Answer: 6
=  2.4 hrs.
10
Total time = 7.47 + 2.4 Solution:
Total time = 9.87 hrs 2πr + 2πR=36 π
r+R=18
2 2
45. A statistical clerk submitted the following reports. The average πr + πR =180 π
2 2
rate of production of radios is 1.5 units for every 1.5 hrs. r +R =180
2 2
work by 1.5 workers. How many radios were produced in (18-R) +R =180
one month by 30 men working 200 hours during the month? R=12
Answer: 4000 r=18-12
r=6
Solution: Diff. in radius = 12-6
No. of man hours to produce x radios Diff. in radius = 6
 200  300   60000
52. 12 cubic yards of crushed stone for surfacing three private
No. of man hours to produce 1.5 radios
roads of different length is to be distributed in three piles so
 1.5 1.5   2.25 that the second pile has 20 cu.ft. less than the first and the
By proportion third pile has 8 cu.ft. more than twice as much as the first.
Determine the volume of the biggest pile in cu.ft.
6000 2.25 Answer: 176

x 1.5
x  4000 radios Solution:
st
X=1 pile
46. A and B working together can finish a piece of work in 20 nd
x-20=2 pile
days. After working for 4 days, A quits and B finishes the rd
2x+8=3 pile
work in 24 days more, Find the no. of days that B could 3
12 cu. yd. = 12 (3) =324 cu. ft.
finish the work alone.
Answer: 30 days x+x-20+2x+8=324
x=84 cu. ft.
Solution: 2x+8=84(2)+8
1 1 1 2x+8=176 cu. ft. (largest volume)
  
A B 20
 1 1  1 53. Three cities are connected by roads forming a triangle, all of
 A  B  4   B  24  1  
    diff. length. It is 30 km. around the circuit. One of the road is
Between  & : 10 km. long and the longest is 10 km. longer than the
 1   24  shortest. What are the lengths of the longest and the
 20   4   B  1 shortest of the three roads?
  Answer: 15 and 5
B  30 days
Solution:
49. 28 men can finished the job in 60 days. At the start of the 16 th 10+x+x+10=30
day 5 men were laid off and after the 45th day 10 more men 2x=10
were hired. How many days were they delayed in finishing x=5 shortest
the job? x +10=15 longest
Answer: 2.27 days
54. The sum of two numbers is 30. If the larger number is divided
Solution:
by the smaller number the quotient is equal to the smaller
28(60)=28(15) + (23)(30)+(33)x
number. Find the numbers.
X=17.27 days
Answer: 5 and 25
Total no. of days they finish the job
=15+30+17.27
=62.27 days Solution:
Therefore they were delayed by 2.27 days x  smaller no.
30-x=larger no.
50. 16 men has a contract to finish the job in 20 days. 20 men 30  x
x
were hired at the start and four quit the job after 8 days. x
Determine the number of days delayed or ahead of the
x 2  30  x
scheduled time when they were able to finish the job.
Answer: 2 days ahead x 2  x  30  0
 x  5  x  6   0
Solution:
x5
16(20) =20(8)+16x 30  x  25
x=10
Total no. of days to finish the job
=8+10 =18

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55. One proposal in the Agrarian Reform Program is to have a Arithmetic mean :
retention limit of 10 hectares. If a landowner was left with 8  10  12  14  15  18
10 hectares fewer than 40% of his land, after selling 6 x
hectares more than 70% of his land, what size of land did 6
he initially owned? x  12.833
Answer: 40 hectares Variance :

Solution: (8  12.833)2  (10  12.833)2  (12  12.833)2  (14  12.833) 2

x= original area he owns  (15  12.833)2  (18  12.833)2
x-(0.70x+6)=0.40x-10
6 1
0.30x-6=0.40x-10
0.10x=4 Variance  12.694
X=40 hectares

56. Twice the sum of two numbers is 28. The sum of the 60. A boat travels upstream in two rivers A and B. The velocity
squares of the two numbers is 100. The product of the of the current in river A is 3 kph while that of B is 1 kph.
two numbers is: It takes two times longer to travel 18 km in river A than
Answer: A. 48 it took to travel 10 km in river B. Calculate the
speed of the boat in still water.
Answer: 21 kph
Solution:
x=one no.
Solution:
y=other no.
2(x+y)=28 t A  time to travel 18 km in river A
2 2
X +y =100 tB  time to travel 10 km in B
X+y=14
2 2 t A  2tB
(14-y) +y =100
2 2 (18) 2(10)
196-28y+y +y =100 
2
2y -28y+96=0 x3 x 1
2
y -14y+48=0 18x  18  20x  60
(y-8)(y-6)=0 2x  42
y=8 y=6 x  21 kph
x=6 x=8
xy=8(6)
xy=48

61. It takes a boat 3 times to travel upstream against a river

59. An airplane could travel a distance of 1000 miles with the current that it takes the same boat to travel downstream. If
wind in the same time it could travel a distance of 800 the speed of the boat is 40 kph, what is the speed of the
miles against the wind. If the wind velocity is 40 mph, current?
what is the speed of the plane? Answer: 20 mph
Answer: 360 mph
Solution: Solution:
1000 800 Tup  3Tdown

x  40 x  40 D 3D
10x  400  8x  320 
40  x 40  x
2x  720 x  20mph
x  360mph
62. With a wind velocity of 40 kph, it takes an airplane as long
to travel 1,200 km with the wind as 900 km against it. How
60. Compute the standard deviation of the following sets of fast can the airplane travel in still air?
numbers 2,4,6,8,10,12. Answer: 280 kph
Answer: 3.742
Solution:
Solution: 900

1200
2  4  6  8  10  12 V  40 V  40
Arithmetic mean 
6 900V  36000  1200V  48000
Arithmetic mean  7 V  280kph
(2  7)  (4  7)  (8  7)  (10  7)  (12  7)
2 2 2 2 2
Variance 
6 1
63. Two racing cars A and B compete for a stretched of 10000
Variance  14 m. long. It took 40 min. for A to reach the finish line and B
S tan darddeviation  14 50 min. to reach the finish line. How far was the B
S tan darddeviation  3.742 behind when A reach the finish line?
Answer: 2000 m.

60. Compute the value of the variance of the following sets of Solution:
numbers 8,10,12,14,15,18.
Answer: 12.694

Solution:

Mathematics
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D X=40%
T
V
69. The second hand of a clock is 4 inches long. Find the
10000
 40 speed of the tip of the second hand.
V1 Answer: 0.42 in/sec.
V1  250 m / min. (vel.of A)
Solution:
10000
 50 S  r
V2
  
V2  200 m / min.  vel.of B  S  4  360     8
 180 
200(40 )  x  10000 Solving for V:
x  2000 m. S 8
V   0.42 in / sec
t 60
65 Two cars A and B run a 10 km straight stretched. It took A
40 min. to reach the finish line with B 2 km. behind A. 70. A is as old as the combined age of his two brothers B and
How long would it take B to reach the finish line? C. But C is two years older than B. The combined age of
Answer: 50 min. the three last year was 3/4 their combined ages at
present. How old is B now?
Solution: Answer: 2
V xT  D
V140 Solution:
 10 Combined ages at present :
60
V1  15 kph  x  2  x  2  x  x  4x  4
V2 40 Combined ages last year :
8  x  1  2  x  1  2  2x  1  4x  1
60
V2  12kph 3
4x  1  (4x  4)
D 4
t 16x  4  12x  12
V
10 4x  8
t hours 
12 x  2 years old age of B 
10(60)
t
12
t  50 min. 71. A chemist of a distillery experimented on two alcohol
solutions of different strengths, 35% alcohol and 50%
alcohol respectively. How many gallons containing 35%
alcohol must be used to produce a mixture of 60
66. Bianca is twice as old as Pio and Neggie is twice as old as
gallons that contains 40% alcohol?
Bianca. In ten years, their combined ages will be 58. How
Answer: 40
old is Bianca now?
Answer: 8
Solution:
x+y = 60
Solution: 0.35x+0.50y = 0.40 (60)
x  Pio ' s age 0.35x+0.50y = 24
2x  Bianca ' s age 0.35x+0.50y = 24
4x  Meggie ' s age 0.50x+0.50y = 30
-0.15x = -6
x  10  2x  10  4x  10  58 x = 40 gallons
x  4 age of Pio
2x  8 years old  age of Bianca  72. A chemical engineer mixed two chemical solutions of
different strengths 30% and 50% of the chemical solutions
respectively. How many millimeters of the 30% strength
67. The gasoline tank of a car contains 50 liters of gasoline and must be used to produce a mixture of 50 millimeters that
alcohol, the alcohol comprising 25%. How much of the contains 42% of the chemical
mixture must be drawn off and replaced by alcohol so that Answer: 20 ml
the tank contain a mixture of which 50% is alcohol?
Answer: 16.67 liters Solution:
x  y  50
Solution:
0.3x  0.50y  0.42(50)
0.25(50) - 0.25x+x = 0.50(50) 0.3x  0.50y  21 
0.75x = 12.5 0.50x  0.50y  0.50(50)
X=16.67 liters
0.50x  0.50y  25  
68. A chemical engineer mixed 40 millimeters of 35%
hydrochloric acid solution with 20 millimeters of 50% Between  & :
hydrochloric acid solution. What is the percentage of the
hydrochloric acid of the new solution? 0.50x  0.50y  25
Answer: 40% 0.30x  0.50y  21
Solution:
0.20x  4
35(40)+50(20)=x(60) x  20 ml

Mathematics
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a 1
73. If the value of the piece of property decreases by 10%
d 1
while the tax rate on the property increases by 10%, what
is the effect on the taxes? S  105
Answer: Taxes decrease by 1% n
S 2a  (n  1)(d)
2
Solution:
n
Let x = value of property 105   2(1)  (n  1)(1)
x-0.10x = 0.90x 2
= decreased value of property 210  2n  n2  n
y= orig. tax rate
y+10y=1.10y (increased tax rate) n2  n  210  0
Orig. tax = xy (n  15)(n  14)  0
New tax = (0.90x) (1.1y) = 0.99 xy
N  14 (layers)
Therefore, the tax is decreased by 1%

74. How many terms of the progression 3,5,7… must be in

order that their sum will be 2600? 77. Find the sum of all the odd integers between 100 and
Answer: 50 1000.
Answer: 247500
Solution:
a3 d  53  2 S  2600
Solution:
n
S 2a  (n  1)d 101,103...999
2
a  101 d  103  101  2 an  999
n
2600   2(3)  (n  1)(2) an  a  (n  1)d
2
999  101  (n  1)(2)
5200  6n  2n2  2n
2n  999  101  2
2n  4n  5200  0
2
n  450
n2  2n  2600  0
n
(n  52)(n  50)  0 S 2a  (n  1)d
2
n  50 450
S 2(101)  (449)(2)
2
S  247500
75. An Electronics engineering student got a score of 30% on
Test I of the five number test in Mathematics. On the
last number he got 90% in which constant
difference more on each number than he had on the 78. Find a positive value of x so that 4x, 5x+4 and 3x2-1 will be
immediately preceding one. What was his average in A.P.
score in Mathematics? Answer: 3
Answer: 60
Solution:
Solution:
a  30 2nd  1st  3rd  2nd
an  90 (5x  4)  (4x)  (3x 2  1)  (5x  4)
an  a  (n  1)d x  4  3x 2  5x  5
90  30  (5  1)d 3x 2  6x  9  0
d  15 x 2  2x  3  0
n
S   2a  (n  1)d (x  3)(x  1)  0
2
x3
5
S   2(30)  4(15)
2
S  300 th rd
79. If the 5 term in A.P. is 17 and the 3 term is 10, what is
300 the 8th term?
Average score  Answer: 27.5
5
Average  60
Solution:
76. In a pile of logs, each layer contains one more log than the
layer above and the top contains just one log. If there are
105 logs in the pile, how many layers are there?
Answer: 14

Solution:

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a  4d  17 on, until the last layer which has 10 bricks. Determine the
total number of bricks used up.
a  2d  10
Answer: 639
2d  7
7 Solution:
d
2
a  7d  8th term a  61 d  3 an  10
(7) an  a1  (n  1)d
a2  10
2 10  61  (n  1)d
a3 10  61  (n  1)( 3)
a  7d  3  7
(7) n  18
2 n
a  7d  27.5  8th term  S (a1  an )
2
18
S (61  10)
2
80. Find the sum of the first 40 even numbers. S  639
Answer: 1640

Solution: 84. Determine the sum of the progression if there are 7

arithmetic mean between 3 and 35.
2, 4,6.....n  40 Answer: 171
a1 a  d, a  2d...
a2 d2 n  40
Solution:
n
n S (a1  an )
S 2a  (n  1)(d) 2
2
9
40 S  (3  35)
S 2(2)  (39)(2) 2
2
S  171
S  1640

85. The sum of an A.P. is 196. If the 1st term is 52 and the last
81. Find the quotient of the sum of all odd integers between
term is 4, determine the number of arithmetic mean
100 and 1000 when it is divided by 9.
between 52 and 4.
Answer: 27500
Answer: 5
Solution:
Solution:
a1  101 d  2 an  999
a1  52 an  4 S  196
an  a  (n  1)d
n
999  101  (n  1)(2) S  (a1  an )
2
n  450 n
n 196  (52  4)
S  a  an  2
2 n7
450
S 101  999  247500 There are 5 arithmetic meanbetween 52 and 4.
2
247500
Quotient   27500
9
86. Find the positive value of x so that x, x2-5, 2x will be in
harmonic progression.
82. Find the sum of the numbers divisible by 6 which lie Answer: 3
between 75 and 190.
Answer: 2508 Solution:
1 1 1
Solution: , , in A.P.
X X 5
2
2X
a1  78 an  186
2nd  1st  3rd  2nd
78 186
 13 1 1 1 1
6 6  31   
a1  a1  (n  1)d
x 2  5 x 2x x 2  5
x  x 2  5 x 2  5  2x
186  78  (n  1)(6) 
x(x 2  5) 2x(x 2  5)
n  19
n 2x  22  10  x 2  5  2x
S (a1  an )
2 3x 2  4x  15  0
S
19
(78  186) (3x  5)(x  3)  0
2 x3
S  2508

83. A stack of bricks has 61 bricks at the bottom layer, 58

bricks in the 2nd layer, 55 bricks in the 3rd layer and so

Mathematics
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87. There are 4 geometric means between 3 and 729. Find the 15
fourth term of the geometric progression. r
5
Answer: 81
r3
Solution:
a1  3 an  729 n6
S

a rn  1 
an  a1r n 1
r 1
729  3 r 
5
1820 

5 3n  1 
r 3 3 1
a4  a1r 4 1
1820  2 
 3n  1
5
a4   3  3 
3

3  729
n

a4  81
3  3
n 6

88. The first and the last term of a G.P. is equal to 6 and 486 n6
respectively. If the sum of all terms is 726, find the number
of terms. 91. The arithmetic mean and geometric mean of two numbers
Answer: 5 are 10 and 8, respectively. Find their harmonic mean.
Solution: Answer: 6.4
a6 S  726 an  486
an r  a Solution:
S If the numbers are and y,
r 1 Then,
486r  6
726 
r 1 Arithmetic Mean:
726r  726  486r  6 xy
AM 
240r  720 2
r 3 Geometric Mean:
an  ar n 1 GM  xy
Harmonic Mean:
486  6  3 
n 1

2xy
3n 1  81 HM 
xy
3n 1   3 
4
x  y   2xy 
n 1  4  AMHM      xy
 2  x  y 
n5
 AMHM   GM
2

10 HM   8 
2

9. The Number 28,x+2, 112 form a G.P. What is the 10th

term? HM  6.4
Answer: 14336
2
Solution: 92. Expand (3cis108) .
x  2 112 Answer: 9cis216°

28 x2
Solution:
 x  2
2
 3136
rcis  r 2cis2  formula
2

x  54
 3cis108   32 cis 2(108)
2
x2
r
28  9cis216
a  28
an  ar n 1 93. Two numbers differs by 40 and their arithmetic mean
exceeds their geometric mean by 2. What are these
an  28  2 
9
numbers?
an  14336 Answer: 81 and 121

90. The sum of the terms in G.P. is 1820. How many terms are Solution:
there if the first term is 5, the second term is 15 and the
third term is 45?
Answer: 6

Solution:

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let x  one no.
100. A rubber ball is made to fall from a height of 50 ft. and is
x  40  other no.
observed to rebound 2/3 of the distance it falls. How far will
x  x  40 the ball travel before coming to rest if the ball continues to fall
 arithmetic mean
2 in this manner?
2x  40 Answer: 250
 x  20  A.M.
2
Solution:
x  x  40   geometric mean 2
a1   50  2 
A.M.  G.M.  2 3
a1  66.67
x  20  x  x  40   2
2
x  18  x  x  40  r
3
x 2  36x  324  x 2  40x a
S
4x  324 1 r
66.67
x  81 S
2
x  40  121 1
3
S  200
94. If the 3rd term of a G.P. is 20, and the 6th term is 160, what Total dis tan ce  200  50
is the first term? Total dis tan ce  250 ft.
Answer: 5
101. The motion of a particle through a certain medium is such
Solution: that it moves two thirds as far each second as in the
ar 2  3rd term preceding second. If it moves 6m of the first second, how
far will it move before coming to rest.
ar 5  6th term
Answer: 18
ar 5  160
ar 2  20 Solution:
r3  8 2
a6 r
r2 3
a
ar 2  20 S
1 r
a  2   20
2
6
S
a  5 first term 2
1
3
94. The number of bacteria in a certain culture doubles every S  18 cm.
3 hrs. If there are N bacteria to start with, find the number
in 24 hrs.
Answer: 256 N 102. A man who is on diet losses 24 lb. in 3 months, 16lb. in the
next 3 months and so on for a long time. What is the
Solution: maximum total weight loss?
a1  N Answer: 72
a2  2N
Solution:
a3  4N
a  24
2N 4N
r  16 2
N 2N r 
n 1
24 3
an  ar a
S
a9  N  2 
9 1
1 r
24
a9   2  N
8
S
2
a9  256N 1
3
S  72lb.

99. Rationalize: (4  3i) /(2  i) .

Answer: 1  2i 104 Express 3+4i in trigonometric form

Solution: Answer: 5(Cos 53.13° + I Sin 53.13°)

 4  3i   2  i  8  10i  3i
2

 2 i  2  i   4 i
Solution:
  
2

5  10i

5
 1  2i

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r  x2  y2 F  32  42  122  13
3   4
2 2
r
r 5 110. Given the three vectors:
4 A  i  3j  4k
tan   B  2i  7j  k
3
  53.13 C  i  4j  2k
3  4i  r  cos   iSin   Find the magnitude of the resultant vector, R.
Answer: 15
3  4i  5  Cos 53.13  iSin 53.13 
Solution:
105.Find the distance between two given complex numbers: Add the three vectors:
z1  3  4i A  i  3j  4k
z2  2  2i B  2i  7j  k
Answer: 5 C  i  4j  2k
R  2i  14j  5k
Then:
Solution:
R  22  142  52  15
 3  2   4  2
2 2
d  5

106. Evaluate ln  3  4i  . 111. What is the cross product A  B of the vectors:

A  i  4j  6k
Answer: 1.61 0.927i
B  2i  3j  5k
Solution: Answer: 2i+7j-5k
 x  iy   x  3; y  4
Solution:
y 4
tan    i j k i j k i j
x 3
1 4 6  1 4 6 1 4
  
  53.13    0.927 rad 2 3 5 2 3 5 2 3
 180 
r  32  42  5  magnitude  i(4)(5)  j(6)(2)  k(1)(3)  (2)(4)(k)  (3)(6)(i)  (5)(1)(j)
ln  x  iy   lnr  i  2i  7j  5k
ln  3  4i   ln 5  0.927i
 1.61  0.927i
112.Which of the following is a vector quantity?
A. kinetic energy
107. Simplify: i29  i21  i . B. electric field intensity
Answer: 3i C. entropy
D. work
Solution: Answer: Electric Field Intensity
Note : i4n 1  i
i  i21  i  i4(7) 1  i4(5) i  i
29 113. Which of the following is a scalar quantity?
A. temperature
 iii B. gravitational potential
 3i C. charge
D. All of the above
108. Find the value of sin , if e^(0.92730i). Answer: All of the Above
Answer: 0.80
114. Compute the number of 8 letter combination of all letters in
Solution: the alphabet.
i
e 0.92730i
e Answer: 1562275
0.92730 180 
 Solution:
 There are 26 letters in the alphabet:
  53.13 26!
nCr   1562275
Thus,
  8  !8!
26
sin   sin53.13
sin   0.80
115. Compute the number of 12 letter combination of all letters in
the alphabet.
109. Find the magnitude of the resultant force:
F  3i  4j  12k  Answer: 9657700
Answer: 13
Solution:
Solution:

Mathematics
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nCr 
26!
 9657700 P1  0.80.80.2  0.128
 26  12 !12! The probability of passing the three subjects is:
P2  0.8 (0.8)(0.8)  (0.8)3  0.512
116. How many different signals each consisting of 6 flags hung Thus, the probability of passing at least two subjects:
in a vertical line can be formed from 4 identical red flags and Pat least 2  0.128  0.512  0.64
2 identical blue flags?
Answer: 15
122. With 50 items on a test each of which has 4 given answers,
Solution: how many possible answer patterns are there?
n6
Answer: 1.27  10
30
red  4
blue  2 Solution:
No. of patterns  450  1.27  1030
n! 6!
P   15
p!q! 4!2! 123. Compute the lower bound of the real roots of the
polynomial equation x3+3x2-5x-6=0.
Answer: -5
117. Four couples are to eat at a round table with the men and
women alternating. If the hostess reserves a place for Solution:
herself, in how many ways can she assign seats to the
others? 1 +3 -5 -6 -5 5
Answer: 144 -5 +10 -25

1 -2 +5 -31
Solution:
P   4  1 ! 4!  144 Note: When the numbers in the third line are alternately
positive and negative, the trial number is a lower bound of
118. From the digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 , find the number of six the real roots, therefore -5 is the lower bound.
digit combination.
Answer: 210
124. The constant remainder when x30-2x+5 is divided by x+1.
Answer: 8
Solution:
nCr  10C6  210 Solution:

f(x)=x30-2x+5
119. The probability of getting at exactly 2 heads when a coin is x=-1
tossed four times. f(x)=(-1)30-2(-1)+5
Answer: 3/8 or 0.375 f(x)=8 (remainder)

Solution:
125. In a certain party each one of the group drinks coke or beer
P  nCr (p)r (q)n r or whisky or all. Also 400 drink coke, 500 drink beer and 300
n4 r2 drink whisky. 100 drink coke and beer and 200 drink beer
and whisky. One who drinks whisky does not drink coke.
Thus, How many are in the group?
2 2 Answer: 900
 1  1
P  4C2      0.375 Beer
2  2 Solution:
200
120. A bag contains 3 yellow and 5 black balls. If 2 balls are
drawn in succession without replacement, find the probability 200
100 100
that the balls drawn are one yellow and one black.
Answer: 15/28 or 0.536 300
Whisky Coke
Solution:
P  P1st yellow,sec ond red  P1st red,sec ond yellow
The number of persons in the group, N:
35 53 N  100  200  200  100  300
P     
87 87 N  900 persons

121. The probability that an examinee will pass in each subject in 126. Eleven (11) men can finish the job in 15 days. Five (5) men
the ECE Board exam is 0.80. What is the probability that an were working at the start and after 6 days four (4) men
examinee will pass at least 2 subjects? were added. How many days will it take to finish the job?
Answer: 0.64 Answer: 21 days

Solution: Solution:
There are three subjects in the ECE Board exam.

The probability of passing two subjects and failing in one is:

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1115   5  6   9  x 
Solution:
x  15 days x  wt. of gold
y  wt. of silver
Thus, total number of days is:
equation 1 x  y
 15  6
x y
 21 days equation 2   106  99
19 10
x y
127. A piece of wire of length 52 cm. is cut into two unequal   7
parts. Each part is then bent to form a square. It is found 19 10
that the total area of the two squares is 97 cm 2. Find the 10x  19y  1330
difference between the sides of each square. x  y  106
Answer: A. 5 19x  19y  2014
10x19y  1330
Solution:
by subtracting 1 & 2
4x  4y  52 we obtain : 9x  684
x  y  13 x  76 kilos
2 2
x  y  97
132. The arithmetic mean of 80 numbers is 55. If the two
x2  13  x   97
2 numbers namely 850 and 250 are removed, what is the
arithmetic mean of the remaining numbers?
x 9 Answer: 42.31
y  13  9
y 4 Solution:
Diff. in sides  9  4 S
 55
Diff. in sides  5 80
128. One proposal in the Agrarian Reform Program is to have a S  4400
retention limit of 10 hectares. If a landowner was left with
4400  250  850
10 hectares fewer than 40% of his land, after selling 6  A.M.
hectares more than 70% of his land, what size of land did 78
he initially owned? Arithmetic mean  A.M.  42.31
Answer: 40 hectares

Solution:
133. Find the determinant of an upper triangular matrix:
x  original area he owns
x  0.70x  6  0.40x  10 3 2 1
0.30x  6  0.40x  10 A 0 1 2
0.10x  4 0 0 4
x  40 hectares
Answer: -12
129. A professor gives the following scores to her students.
Compute the arithmetic mean. Solution:
Frequency: 1 3 6 11 13 10 2
Score: 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 The determinant of an upper triangular matrix is equal to
Answer: 70.2 the product of the diagonal.

Solution: Determinant = 3 (-1) (4)

Determinant = -12
x  arithmetic mean
1 35  3 45  6 55  11 65  13 75  10 85  2 95 134. Find the determinant of the given matrix:
x 
1  3  6  11  13  10  2
1 2 3 1
x  70.2 0 2 9 2
A
0 0 3 1
0 0 0 1
130. Round off 0.003086 to three significant figures.
Answer: 0.00309 Answer: 6

Solution:
131. If 19 kilos of gold losses 1 kilo, and 10 kilos of silver losses
1kilo when weighed in water, find the weight of gold in a A = (1) (2) (-3) (-1)
bar of gold and silver weighing 106 kilos in air and 99 kilos A=6
is water.
 A. 76 135. The value of (1+i)6 is equal to:
B. 30 Answer: -8i
C. 82
D. 58 Solution:

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Answer: 32
Usin g Eulers Equation
Solution:
x  iy  rei
A  3i  4j  0k
1  i  12  12 ei B  8i  0  0
1 45
tan    i j k i j
1 180 A xB= 3 4 0 3 4
  45   0.7854 8 0 0 8 0
1  i  2 e0.7854i

1  i6    e
0.7854  6 i
6 A x B = (0+0+0) - (32k+0+0)
2 A x B = -32k

1  i6  84.7124i A xB=  322

1  i6  r  CosØ  SinØ  A x B = 32

4.7124 180 
Ø= 140. Find the magnitude of the vector having initial point

A (2,4,5) and terminal point B (3,2,1).
Ø=270 Answer: 4.58
1  i6  8  Cos 270  Sin 270  Solution:
1  i6  8  0  i
r1  2i  4j  5k
1  i6  8i r2  3i  2j  k
137. What is the cross product AB of the vectors? AB  r2  r1
A= i+4j+6k
B= 2i+3j+5k AB   3i  2j  k    2i  4j  5k 
AB  i  2j  4k
Answer: 2i+7j-5k
AB  12   2 2   4 2
Solution: AB  4.58

i j k i j k i
1 4 6 1 4 6 1 141. Compute the value of “b” if A and B are perpendicular.
2 3 5 2 3 5 2 A=2i+bj+k
B=4i-2j-2k
Answer: 3
i  4  5   j  6  2   k 13   2  4  k  3 6 i  5 1 j 
Solution:
 2i  7j  5k So that A and B will be perpendicular
AB=0
A  B =2(4)+(b)(-2)+(1)(-2)=0
138. Assume the three force vectors intersect at a 8-2b-2=0
single point 2b=6
F sub1= i+3j+4k b=3
F sub2= 2i+7j-k
Fsub3= -i+4j+2k 142. How many 3 digit numbers can be formed from the
digits 2,4,6,8 and 9 if repetitions are allowed?
Answer: 125 ways
What is the magnitude of the resultant force vector, R?
Answer: 15
Solution:
Since repetitions are allowed each of the three
Solution:
digits can be filled in 5 ways. Since there are
Add ,  and 
three digit numbers.
 F sub1= i+3j+4k
 F sub2= 2i+7j-k P   5  5  5 
 Fsub3= -i+4j+2k P  125 ways
_____________
143. The permutation for two letters taken two at a time
R=2i+14j+5k say P and Q are PQ and QP. Four letters
Then, R=  2 2  14 2   5 2 MNOP
permutations say
taken four at a time gives four
MNOP, NOPM,
R  15 OPMN and PMNO. How many permutations are
there for 9 letters taken 9 at a time?
Answer: 9
139. Find the area of a parallelogram with two sides
identified by vectors from the origin to the points (3,4)
and (8,0). Solution:

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n! 9! 9! Solution :
P  
n  1!  9  1! 8!
Case11  H, 2  T, 3  T  P
1 1 1
. . 
1
9  8! 2 2 2 8
P
 8! Case 2 1  T, 2  H, 3  T 
1 1 1
P . . 
1
2 2 2 8
P  9 permutations
1 1 1 1
Case 3 1  T, 2  T, 3  H P . . 
144. How many different signals each consisting of 6 2 2 2 8
1
flags hung in a vertical line can be formed from 4 identical P 3
red flags and 2 identical blue flags? 8
Answer: 15 3
P
8
Solution:

n6 4 red and 2 blue 149. If a coin is tossed 5 times, find the probability of
n! getting 3 heads.
P Answer: 5/16
q!r!
6! Solution:
P
4!2! 1
Pr obability of getting a head 
P  15 2
1
Pr obability of getting a tail 
2
145. A semiconductor company will hire 7 men and 4
women. In how many ways can the company Pr obability of getting 3 heads
choose from 9 men and 6 women who n5
qualified for the position? r 3
Answer: 540 3 2
Solution: 5!  1  1
P
Number of ways of hiring men  5  3  !3!  2   2 
n! 9! 5
nCr  nCr  nC  36 ways P
 
n  r !r!  7 !7! r
9  16

Number of ways of hiring women :

n! 6! 150. Numbers 12 4 -6
nCr  
n  r !r!  6  4 ! 4! Probability 0.31 0.48 0.21

nCr  15 ways Find the mean value of the given numbers

n  15  36  shown:
Answer: 4.38
n  540 ways
Solution:
146. In a licensure examination, an examinee may Mean value = 12(0.31)+4(0.48)+(-6)(0.21)
select 7 problems from a set of 10 questions. Mean value = 4.38
In how many ways can he make his choice?
Answer: 120 ways
151. Compute the mean value of the numbers from the
Solution: tabulated values shown.
(Numbers) (Probability)
10! 4.5 0.32
C 10,7   1.2 0.51
7!3!
-2.3 0.17
C 10,7   120 ways Answer: 1.661

147. Find the probability of obtaining an even number in

one roll of a dice. Solution:
Answer: 0.5
Mean value= 4.5(0.32)+(1.2)(0.51)+(- 2.3)(0.17)
Solution: Mean value = 1.661
There are three possible even numbers
 2,4 and 6 
152. The mean value of the given set of numbers is 4.38.
3
Pr obability   0.5 Find the value of x:
6
Numbers 12 x -6
148. A coin is tossed 3 times. What is the probability of Probability 0.31 0.48 0.21
getting 1 head and 2 tails? Answer: 4
Answer: 3/8
Solution:

Mean value=12(0.31)+x(0.48)+(-6)(0.21)

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4.38=12(0.31)+0.48x-6(0.21) 158. A two sides of a parallelogram are 22m. and 12m.
x=4 respectively and one diagonal is 28m long. Find the
length of the other diagonal.
Answer: 21.73
154. The two sides of a triangle are 40 m. and 50 m. r
espectively which is inscribed in a circle having a Solution:
radius of 12 m. If the area of the triangle is 2500 m 2,
compute the third side.
Answer: 60 a2  b2  12 2   22 2
28  25.06
Solution:
abc Therefore 28 is a long diagonal
A
4r
40  50  x  Usin g cosine law :
2500 
4 12 
 22 2  12 2  25.06 long diagonal
x  60 m.
 28  2
  22   12   2  22 12  Cos
2 2

  10711'
155. The area of a triangle inscribe in a circle is 39.19 cm2 and
the radius of the circumscribe circle is 7.14 cm. If the two sides   180  10711'
of the inscribe triangle are 8 cm. and 10 cm respectively, find   7249 '
the third side.
x 2   22   12   2  22 12  Cos7249 '
2 2
Answer: 14
x  21.73 m. (shorter diaginal)
Solution:
abc
A
4r
8 10  c 159. Find the length of the side of a regular pentagon
39.19 
4  7.14  inscribed in a circle of radius 10 cm.
Answer: 11.76
c  14m.
Solution:
n  5 no. of sides of pentagon
2  n   360
156. The area of triangle circumscribing a circle is 216 sq.cm.
if the radius of the circle is 6 cm. and the two sides of the
triangle are 12 cm. and 16 cm., compute the third side of 2  5   360
the triangle.
2  72
Answer: .44
  36
Solution: x
Sin 
A  rS 2r
216  6S x  2rSin
S  36 x  2 10  Sin36
abc x  11.76 cm.
S
2
12  16  c
S
2 160. Given 1coin with 5 cm. diameter and a large
c  44 cm. supply of coins with 2 cm. dia. What is the max.
number of smaller coins that maybe arrange tangentially
157. The area and perimeter of a triangle is 2310 around the larger without any overlap?
sq.cm. and 220 cm. respectively. A circle is Answer: 10
escribed outside the triangle having a radius of 55 cm. is
tangent to one of the sides of the triangle. Compute the Solution:
length of this side.
Answer: 68cm. 1
sin  
Solution: 3.5
A  r S  a   16.6
abc 2  33.2
S
2 360
220 No. of smaller coins 
S 33.2
2 No. of smaller coins  10.84
S  110 say 10 coins to avoid overlap
A  r S  a
2310  55 110  a 
a  68m.

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