ANDROID WEATHER APP

Table of Contents

Project Approval sheet ……………………………………………………... I

Recommendation ……………………………………………………………..… II

Acknowledgements ……………………………………………………………. III

Abstract ………………………………………………………………………….IV

1. Introducton ………………………………………………………… Page no. 2

1.1 Rationale
1.2 Problem Definition and Proposed Solution
1.3 System Synthesis
1.4 Report Organization

2. Literature Survey ……………………………………………………Page no.6

3. Process Model Adopted ……………………………………………… Page no.8
3.1 Analysis
3.1.1 Requirement Analysis
3.1.2 Object Oriented Analysis
3.1.3 Architectural Specification
3.2 Design………………………………………………………….PAGE NO.16
3.2.1 Data Model

4. Concluding Remarks ………………………………………………… Page no.34

References and Bibliography……………………………… Page no. 35

1|Page
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Introduction

Rationale:
Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the
conditions of the atmosphere for a given location and time. Human beings have
attempted to predict the weather informally and formally since the 19th century.
Weather forecasts are made by collecting quantitative data about the current
state of the atmosphere at a given place and using meteorology to project how
the atmosphere will change. Once a human-only endeavor based mainly upon
changes in barometric pressure, current weather conditions, and sky condition,
weather forecasting now relies on computer based models that take many
atmospheric factors into account. Human input is still required to pick the best
possible forecast model to base the forecast upon, which involves pattern
recognition skills, teleconnections, knowledge of model performance, and
knowledge of model biases. The inaccuracy of forecasting is due to the chaotic
nature of the atmosphere, the massive computational power required to solve
the equations that describe the atmosphere, the error involved in measuring the
initial conditions, and an incomplete understanding of atmospheric processes.
Hence, forecasts become less accurate as the difference between current time
and the time for which the forecast is being made increases. The use of
ensembles and model consensus help narrow the error and pick the most likely
outcome.
There are a variety of end uses to weather forecasts. Weather warnings are
important forecasts because they are used to protect life and property. Forecasts
based on temperature and precipitation are important to agriculture, and
therefore to traders within commodity markets. Temperature forecasts are used
by utility companies to estimate demand over coming days. Under web based
weather report application, some exciting features has been added such as
managing and handling exception error directly by the system which will be not
visible by the user to make it bug free. Multiple choice provided to the user by

2|Page
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

which they can even select different weather channel as per their requirement
and interest in it. Its pattern recognition system will able to notify abut bad
weather condition previously before it begins with digital graphics is another
added advantage of this system. Once location selected by the user for its system
use, it will make it default location and remembered by the system so that users
do not have to change every time they use this system.

Problem Definition
There are a variety of weather mobile apps in Google Play. Those apps have great
features and functionalities to satisfy users. However, according to my research,
only a few of them have friendly user interface and human centered interactions,
which means that a lot of them might be difficult to be navigated even though
they provide enough functionalities. It is not convenient for new users.
Therefore, I would like to do improvements on weather mobile apps.
The objectives include:
The mobile app allows people to check out the weather in multiple cities
worldwide. The weather data is dynamic, which means that users can see the
weather anytime. The mobile app not only show the weather, temperature and
humidity, but it also uses various icons to represent the weather accordingly. It
will be easy to read and use.
Besides, the mobile app will have friendly user interfaces and human centered
interactions. Users can find the information they want in a short time and limited
clicks. It is easy to be navigated than other weather mobile apps in the market

Proposed Solution
Modern hand held devices such as smart phones and PDAs have become
increasingly powerful in recent years. Dramatic breakthroughs in processing
power along with the number of extra features included in these devices have
opened the doors to a wide range of commercial possibilities. In particular. most
cell phones regularly include cameras. processors comparable to PCs from only a
few years ago. and internet access. however. even with all these added abilities.
there are few applications that allow much passing of the environmental

3|Page
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

information and location based services. As mobile devices become more like PCs
they will come to replace objects we tend to carry around such as checkbooks.
credit cards. cameras. planners. mp3 players. etc. In short. we will be using them
to accomplish our daily tasks. One application that falls into this category is the
Restaurant Finder Application developed for the Google Android Phones. The
prime objective of “weather Application" is to create a full fledged Android
application which could locate the location of the user.

System Synthesis

1. Android Studio Android Studio is the official Integrated development

environment (IDE) for Android platform development It was announced on May
16, 2013 at the Google HO conference. Android Studio is freely available under
the Apache License 2. Android Studio was in early access preview stage starting
from version 0.1 in May 2013. then entered beta stage starting from version 0.8
which was released in June 2014. Android Tool 1: Eclipse Although Eclipse is not
the only Java development environment that can be used to develop Android
applications. it is by far the most popular. This is partially due to its cost (free l)
but mostly due the strong integration of the Android tools with Eclipse. This
integration is achieved with the Android Development Tools (ADT) plugin for
Eclipse which can be downloaded from the Android website.
Android Tool 2: The SDK and AVD Manager This tool serves a number of
important functions. It manages the different versions of the Android SDKs (build
targets) that you can develop for. as well as third-party add-ons, tools. devices
drivers, and documentation. It
second function is to manage the Android Virtual Device configurations (AVDs)
you use to configure emulator instances. Android Tool 3: Android Debug Bridge
The Android Debug Bridge (ADB) connects other tools with the emulator and
devices.

4|Page
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS:

Operating system Android 4.2, Android 4.4.2, or Android 4.4.4 or higher

Processor Intel Atom® Processor Z2520 1.2 GHz, or faster processor
RAM Minimum of 512 MB, 1 GB is recommended
 10 mb of available hard-disk space for installation; extra free
space is required during installation.
storage
You cannot install using a removable flash storage device.
 1280 x 800 pixels or higher on a 10-inch device
Video

Software • Android system webview

 This application is designed to work offline.
Browser/Internet
To download and launch Google Play* Store apps within the
application, a high-speed Internet connection is recommended.

5|Page
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Literature Survey

Introduction to Android
The Open Handset Alliance (OHA), a group of more than 30 technology and
mobile companies, was formed in 2007 to foster creativity and innovation in the
mobile arena. This group includes members like Sprint, T-Mobile, Intel, Broadcom,
Motorola, Samsung, Google, eBay, amongst others.
The main motive of this move was to facilitate openness in mobile software and
thus give customers a diversified software base which is not only less expensive
but also convenient and easy to use. The Android platform has emerged from
such a move. Android is an Operating System that is designed to be used with a
variety of handsets that will be launched in the second half of 2008.
Currently an SDK is hosted by Google, which is a leading player in the initiative.
This SDK allows creation of various Java based programs by using a special Eclipse
plug-in that interfaces with the kit. Android is not only an OS but also includes a
middleware and an array of applications for the users. Some of the supported
features are – a Dalvik Virtual Machine, built in browser and database support,
media, camera, GPS, map and other features.

Android
Android is a mobile operating system running on the Linux kernel. It was initially
developed by Android Inc., a firm later purchased by Google, and lately by
AITS Meet Me Here
Chirag M. Nagariya(095020693009) Page 87 87
the Open Handset Alliance. It allows developers to write managed code in the
Java language, controlling the device via Google-developed Java libraries. The
unveiling of the Android distribution on 5 November 2007 was announced with
the founding of the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of 47 hardware,

6|Page
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

software and telecom companies of a special pre-processor (called the Meta

Object Compiler or MOC) to enrich the language.
Features
o Application framework enabling reuse and replacement of components
o Dalvik virtual machine optimized for mobile devices
o Integrated browser based on the open source WebKit engine
o Optimized graphics powered by a custom 2D graphics library; 3D graphics
based on the OpenGL ES 1.0 specification (hardware acceleration optional)
o SQLite for structured data storage
o Media support for common audio, video, and still image formats (MPEG4,
H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, GIF)
o GSM Telephony (hardware dependent)
o Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G, and Wi-Fi (hardware dependent)
o Camera, GPS, compass, and accelerometer (hardware dependent)
o Rich development environment including a device emulator, tools for
debugging, memory and performance profiling, and a plug-in for the Eclipse
ID

7|Page
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Process Model Adopted

Requirement Analysis:

From the weather patterns, a number of methods are used to know the
future state of atmosphere, a job called Weather Forcasting.
A Weather Forecasting is simply a scientific estimate of future weather
condition.
Weather condition is the state of the atmosphere at a given time
expressed in terms of the most significant weather variables.
The significant weather variables being forecast differ from place to
place.
To make weather forecast in forecasting the weather , ameteorologist
must at least know something above the existing weather condition
over a large area before he can make a reliable forecast .
The accuracy of his forecast depends largely upon his knowledge of the
prevailing weather conditions over a very wide area.

Object Oriented Analysis

The forecast decision is based on various forecasting tools.

The basic tool of weather forecaster is the WEATHER MAP.

8|Page
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

 The WEATHER MAP depicts the distribution pattern of

atmospheric pressure, wind, temperature and humidity
at the different levels of the atmosphere.
 There are two types of the basic weather map namely:
the Surface Map and the Upper-air Maps.

Surface Map:
The Surface Map are made four times daily at twelve-
hourly interval.
The distribution patterns of precipitation and cloudiness
can also be delineated.

Upper-air Map:
There are Five standard levels/steps of the upper air
maps that are constructed twice daily at twelve –hourly
interval :

 Observation :
Sun, rain, snow, wind... we can't escape the weather, but
we can prepare for it if we know what is coming.
Observing the daily weather is part of a regular routine for
many of us, helping us decide what to wear and which
activities we will do each day. Similar observations of
atmospheric conditions are also required by
meteorologists to develop those weather forecasts with
which we are all familiar.

9|Page
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Observation methods
Temperature, humidity, precipitation, air pressure, wind speed,
and wind direction are key observations of the atmosphere that
help forecasters predict the weather. These same factors have
been used since the first weather observations were recorded.
However, the types and quality of weather instruments and the
methods of analyzing observations have changed significantly.
Basic weather observation instruments include thermometers, rain
gauges, barometers, and anemometers (wind speed meters).
Examples of more sophisticated equipment are wind profilers,
weather balloons (radiosondes) Doppler radar, and satellites. Even
with the highly technical equipment available, human
observationsoffsite link still provide important information about

10 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

sky conditions, clouds, and the type, size, and amount of

precipitation.

Collection and Transmission of Weather Data

Predicting the Weather

Weather is very difficult to predict. That’s because it’s very complex, and many factors are involved.
Slight changes in even one factor can cause a big change in the weather. Still, certain “rules of thumb”
generally apply. These “rules” help meteorologists forecast the weather. For example, low pressure is
likely to bring stormy weather. So if a center of low pressure is moving your way, you can expect a
storm.

People often complain when the weather forecast is wrong. Weather forecasts today, however, are
much more accurate than they were just 20 years ago. Scientists who study and forecast the weather
are called meteorologists. How do they predict the weather?

The first thing they need is data. Their data comes from various instruments.

Weather Instruments
Weather instruments measure weather conditions. One of the most important conditions is air
pressure, which is measured with a barometer (Figure below). There are also a number of
other commonly used weather instruments (Figure below):

A thermometer measures temperature.

An anemometer measures wind speed.

A rain gauge measures the amount of rain.

A hygrometer measures humidity.

A wind vane shows wind direction.

11 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

A snow gauge measures the amount of snow.

The greater the air pressure outside the tube, the higher the mercury rises inside the tube. Mercury can
rise in the tube, because there’s no air pressing down on it.

Some of the most commonly used weather instruments.

Collecting Data
Weather instruments collect data from all over the world at thousands of weather stations
(Figure below). Many are on land, but some float in the oceans on buoys. There’s probably at
least one weather station near you.
Other weather devices are needed to collect weather data in the atmosphere. They include
weather balloons, satellites, and radar (Figure below).

12 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Weather stations collect data on land and sea. Weather balloons,

satellites, and radar collect data in the atmosphere.

13 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Weather stations contain many instruments for measuring weather conditions.

The weather balloon (Figure above) will rise into the atmosphere until it bursts. As it
rises, it will gather weather data and send it to the surface. Many weather satellites orbit
Earth. They constantly collect and transmit weather data from high above the surface. A radar device
sends out radio waves in all directions. The waves bounce off water in the atmosphere and
then return to the sender. The radar data shows where precipitation is falling. It’s raining in the
orange-shaded area shown above.

Using Computers
What do meteorologists do with all that weather data? They use it in weather models. The models
analyze the data and predict the weather. The models require computers. That’s because so many
measurements and calculations are involved.

 Plotting and Analysis of weather Data

In this analyse the weather data by different-different weather tool and collect all data and plot in
weather forecasting system.

 Analysis of Weather Maps , Satellite and Radar Imageries and Other Data
/Prognosis or forecast
 Formulation of Forecast

4.1.1 Architectural Specification

14 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

The system is designed using the Object Oriented architectural style. It is also called Abstract Data Type
(ADT). This style includes encapsulating data representations and their associated operations in abstract
data type. The overall architecture is a client server using the J2EE framework. The system consists of
the Client component, Web component, Business component and Database component.

Components
The various components of the architecture are

a. Input Module – This module contains the html and JSP pages which take input the search
keywords and URL and descriptor pairs to be added to the database. The JSP pages also validate the
input search string. This module also takes Cleanup request from a html page for cleaning up URL,
descriptor pairs and the corresponding circularly shifted lines.

b. Add Kwic Index Module – This module is responsible for creating KWIC indices for adding the
descriptors of the URLs input. This module contains the following modules for creating sorted circularly
shifted lines for the descriptors input.

1. Line storage module – This module is responsible for storing the lines accepted into the
system. It has the interfaces to get the input lines stored. It also stores the URL for the
corresponding descriptor.
2. Circular Shift Module - This is the core module of the Add Kwic Index module which
actually produces the circularly shifted lines from the input line. This also eliminates the
lines generated which starts with a noise word.
3. Sorter Module – This module sorts the generated lines in alphabetic order. The module
then calls the DBHelper module’s method for inserting records into the database.

c. Search Module - This module is called when the user wishes to search for URLs using
keywords. The input keywords are parsed and SQL query is built according to the search string given
with AND, OR, NOT operators. It calls the DBHelper module’s methods for fetching the records.

d. CleanUp Module – This module handles the cleanup request given by the user. It creates SQL
query for getting URLs older than 3 minutes. And then creates SQLs for deleting the URL, descriptors
pairs and corresponding circularly shifted lines from the database. It calls the DBHelper module’s
methods for deleting the records.

e. DBHelper Module – This module acts as interface to the database. It has methods to query
the 2 tables – URLMaster and CSDescriptors for fetching records, inserting and deleting records.

f. Output Module – This module consists of the JSP pages which output the search results and
success messages on adding URL, Descriptors and cleaning DB.

15 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

DESIGN :-

LOOKS:-

16 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Use Case Diagram :-

17 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

What is use case?

The Use Case diagram models the users' expectation for using the system. The
people and systems that interact with the target system are called actors. The
features of the system that the actors use are called use cases. Some use cases
interact with other use cases, a relationship modeled using dependency arrows.
The goal of the Use Case diagram is to identify all the features that the clients
expect the system to support, but it does not reveal any details about the
implementation of these features. Use cases can be written several ways but the
most common is to represent a view of the system from outside the system.
Use Case diagrams are valuable because they :-
 Identify the clients' expectations for the system.
 Identify specific features of the system.
 Identify shared behavior among system features.
 Provide a simple and easily understood way for clients to view their
requirements.

 An interaction between a user and a system is described by use

case diagram. Use case diagrams describe what a system does
from the standpoint of an external observer. The emphasis is on
what a system does rather than how. Use case diagrams are
closely connected to scenarios. A scenario is an example of what
happens when someone interacts with the system. A use case
diagram is a collection of actors, use cases, and their
communications.

18 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Current weather forecast

Seven days weather forecast

Actor
Regional based rainforecast

Rain prediction

 Use case Diagram For initial development we can use this

use case. In this use case diagram we can see four use cases
and one actor. Use case are self explanatory and they
represent the main functions of Weather Forecasting App.
There are mainly five use cases first is user login which gives
authorize person login in system than provide dataset for
neural network following this use case next is train the
neural network. Input, out of neural network given to
decision tree algorithm for extracting rules and than
generate final output.

19 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

(A). UML Class Diagram:-

An overview of a system, its classes and
the relationships among them is gives by a Class diagram . Class
diagrams are static, they display what interacts but not what
happens when they do interact so it describes the structure of a
system by showing the system's classes, their attributes, and the
relationships between the classes. Since the class diagram is the
main building block in object oriented modeling, Class diagram is
used both for general conceptual modeling of the application and
for detailed modeling; translating the models into programming
code. The class diagram Fig shows the classes of the Weather
Forecasting System. New Weather Forecast is the main class of
the system. It coordinates with login class. Login class coordinates
with frm Neural.

New weather forecast Tree Node

Main() -Data
-decomposition Attribute
-Decomposition Value
- children
-parent

-Tree Node()
Login

Parse Tree
User id Frm Neural
Password
- attributes
num Epochs - Num _Attrs
num inputs - used Attributes
Check user()
Num hidden -root
Show u I ()
-Attribute Names
-Domains

Int weights()
Weight Changes IH()
Calc over all error()
Calc net() - Read Data()
- get symbol value() Data Point
-create Decision tree()
-get all values()
- Print Tree() -Attributes
-Get subset()

-Data points()

20 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Class frm Neural describes neural networks weight changes,

overall network error after each epoch and calculate the outputs
of the hidden neurons. Parse Tree class describe extracting
Decision Rules or Decision Trees from the trained network.

 The Class diagram is at the heart of the object modeling

process. It models the definitions of resources essential to
the proper operation of the system. All of the other
modeling diagrams discover information about these
resources (such as attribute values, state, and constraints on
behavior) that ultimately must make its way onto the Class
diagram. The Class diagram is the source for code
generation (converting a model to code) and the target for
reverse engineering (converting code to a model).

 The Class diagram models the resources used to build and

operate the system. Resources represent people, materials,
information, and behaviors. Class diagrams model each
resource in terms of its structure, relationships, and
behaviors.
 Class diagram models resources and relationships between
resources. It defines how many objects may participate in
the relationship and may even set rules defining which
objects can participate.

Class diagrams are valuable because they:-

 Define the essential resources of a system.

 Define relationships between resources.
21 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

 Generate code.
 Model code (reverse engineering).
 Provide a focus for all the other diagrams.

(B). Interaction Diagram:-

Interaction diagram is used to describe
some type of interactions among the different elements in the
model. So this interaction is a part of dynamic behavior of the
system. The purposes of interaction diagrams are to visualize the
interactive behavior of the system. Two types of Interaction
diagram are Sequence diagram and Collaboration diagram.

22 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Activity Diagram:-

 The Activity diagram models logic-any logic-from work flow to use

cases to methods. It borrows most of its notation from flowcharts,
but has added the concept of concurrency to support many
modern applications.
Activity diagrams are valuable because they:-
 Represent the logic required to implement system behaviors.
 Represent logic at any level the design needs, from system
workflow to individual method implementations.
 Are simple enough to learn quickly.
 Are relatively familiar to users since they are often used in
business training and procedures manuals.

Preparing the Weather Forecast :-

The preparation of a weather forecast covers a wide range activities –
observations, communications, analysis, prediction, and dissemination.
These are all essential components of a weather forecast service.
Observations Preparing the Weather Forecast:-
The preparation of a weather forecast covers a wide range activities –
observations, communications, analysis, prediction, and dissemination.
These are all essential components of a weather forecast service.
Observations:-
To prepare a weather forecast, a meteorologist must first obtain a
detailed picture of present weather conditions over a specific region.
This requires routine and accurate measurements of the lower and
upper atmosphere collected or observed at ground and upper air

23 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

stations and from remote sensing systems. Accurate observations of

the current weather are the basis of a good weather forecast.

To prepare a weather forecast, a meteorologist must first obtain a

detailed picture of present weather conditions over a specific region.
This requires routine and accurate measurements of the lower and
upper atmosphere collected or observed at ground and upper air
stations and from remote sensing systems. Accurate observations of
the current weather are the basis of a good weather forecast.

Meteorological observations on land, at sea and in the atmosphere are

made and exchanged internationally every day.

24 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

The natural forces that drive the weather do not recognise national
boundaries. Therefore meteorological observations spanning countries
and continents are required. International data exchange underpins
operational weather forecasting – MSS routinely exchange data with
other meteorological centres around the world through a dedicated
global telecommunications system.

Analyzing the data:-

The vast amount of meteorological observations over a large

region are plotted on a map, with different symbols representing
wind, temperature, cloud and other components that make up
the weather. The meteorologist can thus quickly identify all the
weather elements at a certain location, analyses the wind
patterns and locate significant weather systems such as storms.
Charts are prepared for the surface and different upper levels of
the atmosphere to give a three-dimensional picture of the
weather situation. Temperature profiles are also plotted from
upper air data so that the vertical stability of the atmosphere can
be assessed.

Meteorological observations on land, at sea and in the atmosphere are made and
exchanged internationally every day.

25 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Numerical Weather Prediction:-

Observation data is used as inputs
to numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. These computer
models incorporate complex mathematical equations
representing well-established physical laws to predict the
behaviour of the atmosphere.
In the model, the atmosphere is divided into many “blocks” of
finite size, 20 km across and a few hundred metres high for a
global weather forecast, and 2 km across for a local weather
forecast for a single country. The solution of the equations
proceeds in time-steps of a few minutes, until the required length
of forecast (the lead time) has been reached. This requires very
fast high-performance computers to carry out the enormous
number of calculations required. The final products are
predictions of wind, temperature, humidity, rainfall and other
meteorological elements.

26 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Forecast of surface wind is one of many types of meteorological elements

produced by a Numerical Weather Prediction model.

The NWP approach is not perfect as the equations used to

simulate the atmosphere are not precise. The initial state of the
atmosphere is also not completely known, as there are many
observations gaps especially over the oceans and remote areas.
Nonetheless, NWP is the best approach at forecasting day-to-day
weather changes. Forecasts from NWP models have shown
significant improvements over the years in terms of accuracy and
lead time. The models have high skills in the mid-latitudes where
the weather systems tend to be large scale; however they have
relatively low skills in predicting transient, small-scale systems
such as localised thunderstorms which are common in the tropical
regions.

Preparing the forecast:-

Using data analyses, NWP model products, radar and satellite
images, climatology of the area and personal experience, the
meteorologist prepares the forecast of how the weather would
change in the next few hours and days. Deadlines have to be
made for the media, airline flights and many other user sectors of
daily weather information.

27 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Local Weather Forecast Terminology

Weather Descriptor Definition

Steady water droplets that fall from stratiform or layer clouds.

a) Rain Tends to affect a wide area, and is more persistent than showers.

Brief precipitation from cumuliform clouds. Characterised by the

b) Showers sudden start and end of the precipitation. Sometimes occur in spells,
and usually localised over an area.

Precipitation from cumulonimbus clouds accompanied by thunder

and
c) Thundery showers lightning, and sometimes strong wind gusts at the ground. Under
suitable conditions can produce waterspoutsnd/or hail.

Generally sunny with few clouds in the sky. No occurrence of rain or

a) Fair showers.

Suspension of particulate matter (e.g. dust, smoke particles) in the

b) Hazy air, causing reduced visibility.

Between 3 eighths and 4 eighths of the sky is covered by clouds. It

c) Partly Cloudy has the same connotation as “partly sunny”, which is a mix
of sun and clouds.

d) Cloudy Between 5 eighths and 7 eighths of the sky is covered by clouds.

The whole sky is completely covered by cloud, giving dull, grey

e) Overcast conditions.

28 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Description
Intensity
Puddles are slow to form, and there is no or slow
• Light (or Slight) accumulation of
water
Puddles form rapidly,, and some spray visible over hard
• Moderate surfaces
Rain/showers falling in sheets with misty spray over hard
• Heavy surfaces.
Can cause flash floods.
Duration
Rain or showers occurring at irregular, infrequent
• Occasional intervals.

• Intermittent Rain occurring at irregular but frequent intervals

• Continuous Rain without any break or with very short breaks

Distribution

• One or two areas : Small, localised part of a Region of Singapore affected by

[1] rain/showers.

Large parts of more than two Regions of Singapore

• Many areas affected by rain/showers.

Almost all parts or whole of Singapore affected by

• Widespread: rain/showers.

29 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

a) Sequence Diagram:-
Sequence diagrams are used to demonstrate the behavior of
objects in a use case by describing the objects and the messages
they pass. The diagrams are read from left to right and
descending. Here first user interact with New Weather which
send message to login, n shows NN GUI. After that weight
initialize to frm Neural. Frm Neural send message to Parse Tree
which send message to Tree Node. and finally Parse Tree send
message to Data Point. At last Parse Tree generate output.
The sequence diagram is used primarily to show the interactions
between objects in the sequential order that those interactions
occur. Much like the class diagram, developers typically think
sequence diagrams were meant exclusively for them. However, an
organization's business staff can find sequence diagrams useful to
communicate how the business currently works by showing how
various business objects interact. Besides documenting an
organization's current affairs, a business level sequence diagram
can be used as a requirements document to communicate
requirements for a future system implementation. During the
requirements phase of a project, analysts can take use cases to
the next level by providing a more formal level of refinement.
When that occurs, use cases are often refined into one or more
sequence diagrams.
An organization's technical staff can find sequence diagrams
useful in documenting how a future system should behave. During
the design phase, architects and developers can use the diagram
to force out the system's object interactions, thus fleshing out
overall system design.

30 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

NewWethe... : Login : frmNeural : ParseTree : TreeNode : DataPoint

USER
1: main( )

2: CheckUser( ) 3: ShowNNGUI( )

4:initWeights( )

5: calcNet( )

6:
calcOverallError( )

7: 8:
readData( ) TreeNode( )

9: DataPoint( )

10:getAllValues( )

11: printTree( )

12: GenrateOutput( )

One of the primary uses of sequence diagrams is in the transition

from requirements expressed as use cases to the next and more
formal level of refinement. Use cases are often refined into one or
more sequence diagrams. In addition to their use in designing
new systems, sequence diagrams can be used to document how
objects in an existing system currently interact. This
documentation is very useful when transitioning a system to
another person or organization.

31 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

b) Collaboration Diagram-
The second interaction diagram is
collaboration diagram. It shows the object organization as shown
below. Collaboration diagram shows the relationship between
objects and the order of messages passed between object. The
objects are listed as icons and arrows indicate the messages being
passed between objects. The numbers next to the messages are
called sequence numbers. As the name suggests, they show the
sequence of the messages as they are passed between the
objects.

32 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Conclusion
This project was first experience for us in the software industries; hence it
possesses very much importance in our career. We learnt basics of software
development Life Cycle‟ during our stay at “shiats”. We cane across important
documents of projects and get idea about importance of documentation in
software industries.
As the group follows the proper way to the project, it was an experience of
systematically going through the project phases, planning the project and
implementing the same. Since the requirements of the project were clearly
fabricated, the first step was modularization of application.
weather is a type of Internet and Location Based Service application, which
gives facilities to retrieve weather locations.
From this project we came to know how to work with Surviving technologies
with in deadline and work with team structure. We came to know what to do and
what not to do to make project unbeaten. It also gives me benefits to understand
how real worlds Project carried out in IT Firm.
I worked with some of the Team Leaders who were having lots of experience in
the same field. I got idea about their responsibilities and their working attitude.
So overall it was greater learning experience for us.

33 | P a g e
 ANDROID WEATHER APP

Bibliography
o http://www.developer.android.com

o www.vogella.com

o http://www.stackoverflow.com

o https://www.github.com

o Android™ Wireless Application Development 2nd

Edition

o R1_Professional Android 2 Application

Development

34 | P a g e