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Normal Tangential Slide

1. A moving particle can be described using a normal-tangential (n-t) coordinate system, where the tangential axis t is tangent to the particle's curved path and positive in the direction of velocity, and the normal axis n is perpendicular to t and directed towards the center of curvature. 2. In the n-t coordinate system, the particle's velocity can be expressed as the product of the radius of curvature R and angular velocity ω, and its acceleration has tangential and normal components that are functions of R, ω, and angular acceleration α. 3. The total acceleration of the particle can be obtained by transforming the tangential and normal components to an x-y Cartesian coordinate system.

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Shaktivell Letchumanan
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106 views11 pages

Normal Tangential Slide

1. A moving particle can be described using a normal-tangential (n-t) coordinate system, where the tangential axis t is tangent to the particle's curved path and positive in the direction of velocity, and the normal axis n is perpendicular to t and directed towards the center of curvature. 2. In the n-t coordinate system, the particle's velocity can be expressed as the product of the radius of curvature R and angular velocity ω, and its acceleration has tangential and normal components that are functions of R, ω, and angular acceleration α. 3. The total acceleration of the particle can be obtained by transforming the tangential and normal components to an x-y Cartesian coordinate system.

Uploaded by

Shaktivell Letchumanan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Normal Tangential (n-t)

Coordinate System
DYNAMICS BDA20303
A moving particle P in a curved path can be described using Normal (n)
and tangential (t) coordinate system.
The tangential axis t is tangent to the curve at P and is positve in the
direction of v.
The normal axis n is the perpendicular to the t axis and is directed from
P towards the center of curvature.
At instant the radius of curvature for n-axis is assumed as constant.
Normal tangential (n-t) coordinates also called intrinsic coordinates.
The travel path motion from its initial position P 0 to a new position P1
equals to a line distance in the circle.
s  R

Where R is the curvature and θ the angular displacement.


If the angular motion   0, mathematical expresion is ds  Rd
In general, the line distance can be integrated along the motion
s 

 ds  R d
s0 0
Angular velocity is defined as   d
dt
ds d
And the speed of P is ---> R
dt dt

v  R
In terms of direction the velocity vector P in tangential direction

V  vet  R  et

If x-y coordinate system is used for a frame reference, then the


tangential velocity can be expressed in terms of xand y components
vx   R cos  
v  
 y   R sin  
v
It is already known that perimeter of a circle is s  2R which is
actually an integration of the line distance of the circle in a complete
cycle. s 2

 ds  R  d
0 0

s  R 2
Thus for any clculation of a line distance s under the range of β
s 

 ds  R  d
0 0

s  R
the angle β must be in radian
Acceleration in n-t coordinate system
   de 
dv  d  
a  R et   t 
dt  dt dt 
 
   

a  R   et   et 
 
and also det  det d
dt d dt
det
It is defined that, unit vector  en
d

Derivative of unit vector et


det  
 et   en
dt

Rearranging the acceleration equation by substituting et
 2
a  R  et  R  en
a  Ret  R 2 en
 2 2
where at  R   R and an  R  R2  v
R

Magnitude of acceleration(total accleleration)

a a 2
t  an2 
The acceleration of n-t coordinate can be seen using x-y cartesian
system. Figure 2.20 depicts the transformation.
Referring to x-y coordinate system, vectors a t and a n can be perform
to obtain the total acceleration
a  a n  at
 R  2 sin   R  cos  
a 
  R  2
cos   R  sin  

magnitude of acceleration

a  2
sin   R  cos    R  sin   R 
2 2
cos  
2

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