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Homework 1 - Materials Selection

The document outlines 7 homework problems involving selecting materials using a materials database and deriving material indices to optimize different mechanical properties for various applications like beams, springs, and scissors. Students are asked to identify selection stages, constraints, objectives, and optimal materials for problems involving beams, springs exposed to water, and scissors and electric windings. Additional problems involve deriving the appropriate material index to minimize deflection, weight, or maximize stored energy for different beam loading cases.

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523 views1 page

Homework 1 - Materials Selection

The document outlines 7 homework problems involving selecting materials using a materials database and deriving material indices to optimize different mechanical properties for various applications like beams, springs, and scissors. Students are asked to identify selection stages, constraints, objectives, and optimal materials for problems involving beams, springs exposed to water, and scissors and electric windings. Additional problems involve deriving the appropriate material index to minimize deflection, weight, or maximize stored energy for different beam loading cases.

Uploaded by

Adam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Homework-1

Due February 1, 2018

Problems 1 and 2 are exercises using CES-EduPack


For the exercises below use Level-2 databases. List the stages that you used, and the number of materials
that satisfy the criteria at each stage of selection. Include any graphs that you create using the software.

1) The material index for selecting light strong materials was shown in class to be 𝑀 = 𝜎𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 ⁄𝜌,
where 𝜎𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 is the yield strength and 𝜌 is the density of the material.
a) Make a Chart stage graph with these two properties as axes
b) Impose a selection line (slope 1) to find materials with the highest values of 𝑀.
c) Add a Limit stage to impose the additional constraint: Elongation > 10%
d) Examine what happens when you move the selection line on the graph
e) Identify no more than four materials for this application

2) A material is required for a spring that may be exposed to shock loading, and must operate in fresh
and salt water. The constraints for this problem are
 Fracture toughness 𝐾𝐼𝑐 > 15 𝑀𝑃𝑎√𝑚
 Very good durability in fresh and salt water
The objective for this problem is to maximize stored elastic energy
a) Show that the best materials for springs are those with the greatest value of the index 𝑀 =
2
𝜎𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 ⁄𝐸
b) Find the three best materials for this application

Problems 3 and 4 involve translating design requirements.


For the problems below, the best material for minimizing cost is to be selected. Translate the design
requirements into the four steps – function, constraints, objectives and free variables. Assign numerical
values for the requirements where possible. No material selection is required
3) A material is required to manufacture office scissors. Paper is an abrasive material, and scissors
sometimes encounter hard obstacles like staples.
4) A material is required for the windings of an electric air-furnace capable of temperatures up to
1000ºC. Think out what attributes a material must have if it is to be made into windings and
function properly in a furnace.

Problems 5, 6, 7 involve the derivation of material indices:


The problems below deal with cantilever beams with a square cross-section and fixed length. Derive the
material index M for case. No material selection is required
5) A cantilever beam of given length 𝐿 and fixed square cross-section (of side 𝑡) is loaded at its end by
a load 𝐹. In order to minimize deflection, show that the material index to be maximized is 𝑀 = 𝐸
where 𝐸 is the elastic modulus. (neglect self-weight)
6) A cantilever beam of given length 𝐿 and fixed square cross-section (of side 𝑡) deflects under its own
weight (𝑤 per unit length). In order to minimize deflection, show that the material index to be
maximized is 𝑀 = 𝐸 ⁄𝜌.
7) A cantilever beam of given length 𝐿 and square cross-section (i.e. size is not given) deflects under
its own weight (𝑤 per unit length). Show that for the lightest beam that does not deflect more than a
given value 𝛿, the material index to be maximized is 𝑀 = 𝐸 ⁄𝜌2 .

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