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Capacitance and Dielectrics Handout

A capacitor is a device that stores electric charge between two conductors separated by an insulator. The capacitance of a capacitor depends on the area of the plates, the distance between them, and the dielectric material between the plates. A dielectric increases the capacitance by a factor of its dielectric constant. Capacitance is measured in Farads and represents the amount of charge stored per unit of potential difference between the plates.

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80 views1 page

Capacitance and Dielectrics Handout

A capacitor is a device that stores electric charge between two conductors separated by an insulator. The capacitance of a capacitor depends on the area of the plates, the distance between them, and the dielectric material between the plates. A dielectric increases the capacitance by a factor of its dielectric constant. Capacitance is measured in Farads and represents the amount of charge stored per unit of potential difference between the plates.

Uploaded by

Niala Almario
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CAPACITANCE and DIELECTRICS HANDOUT

CAPACITANCE d – distance bet. the plates in m

What is a capacitor? 𝜀0 = 8.85 x 10-12 F/m

It is a device that stores and releases electric *equation is only valid if the plates are
charge and electric potential energy. separated by free space. The equation is
modified if a material is placed bet. the plates.
It consist of 2 conductors separated by an
insulator. DIELECTRICS

Q = CV A dielectric is an insulating material.

“Stored charge Q is proportional to the potential It is placed bet. the conductors of a capacitor that
difference V between the plates. The capacitance increases its capacitance by a factor of k
C is the constant of proportionality, measured in (dielectric constant).
Farads.” 𝐸0
𝑘=
Capacitance is the ability of a body to store an 𝐸
electric charge. Any object that can be A parallel plate capacitor with dielectric:
electrically charged exhibits self capacitance.
𝐴
This equation expresses the two major factors 𝐶 = 𝑘𝜀0
𝑑
affecting the amount of charge stored.
Increasing Capacitance depends on:
Rearranging the equation….
- Insulator’s polarity
𝑄 - The effect of the dielectric on the
𝐶=
𝑉 electric field inside the capacitor
Capacitance is the amount of charge stored per
volt.

Farad (F) = Coulomb/Volt; named after


Michael Faraday, an English scientist. It is the
unit of capacitance.

There are 2 types of capacitors:

- Parallel-plate capacitor

References:

https://www.slideshare.net/christaines/lesson-2-
capacitors
𝐴
C = 𝜀0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitance
𝑑

A – area of one plate in m2 General Physics 2 textbook

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