Eclipse and Java for Total Beginners

Tutorial Companion Document

Eclipse And Java For Total Beginners

Companion Tutorial Document
By Mark Dexter

Table of Contents
Introduction.........................................................................................................................................2
Tutorial Target Audience.....................................................................................................................2
Tutorial Objectives..............................................................................................................................2
Why learn Java with Eclipse?.............................................................................................................3
Topics Covered...................................................................................................................................3
Tutorial Approach................................................................................................................................3
Getting The Most From This Tutorial..................................................................................................3
Sample Java Application – Personal Lending Library........................................................................4
Downloading and Installing Eclipse ...................................................................................................4
Playing the Lessons............................................................................................................................5
Re-Sizing the Video........................................................................................................................5
Closed Captions and Lesson Table of Contents............................................................................5
Lesson Outlines..................................................................................................................................6
Lesson 1 – Create Your First Java Class.......................................................................................6
Lesson 2 – Add Methods To Class.................................................................................................6
Lesson 3 – Use Eclipse Scrapbook................................................................................................6
Lesson 4 – JUnit Testing in Eclipse, Part 1....................................................................................6
Lesson 5 – JUnit Testing Continued...............................................................................................7
Lesson 6 – Using Test-First Development in Eclipse.....................................................................7
Lesson 7 – Create Book Class.......................................................................................................7
Lesson 8 – Add Person to Book Class...........................................................................................7
Lesson 9 – MyLibrary Class and ArrayList.....................................................................................7
Lesson 10 – Start on MyLibrary Class...........................................................................................7
Lesson 11 – Create first methods in MyLibrary class.....................................................................8
Lesson 12 – Create checkOut, checkIn Methods..........................................................................8
Lesson 13 – Continue checkOut Method.......................................................................................8
Lesson 14 – Finish checkOut Method............................................................................................8
Lesson 15 – Finish MyLibrary Methods..........................................................................................8
Lesson 16 – Create main Method and JAR File.............................................................................9
Alphabetical Index by Lesson.............................................................................................................9
Glossary of Terms.............................................................................................................................12

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Additional Resources........................................................................................................................14
Eclipse Websites..........................................................................................................................15
Java Websites...............................................................................................................................15
Java Books...................................................................................................................................15
Code Snapshots...............................................................................................................................15
Lesson 1 – Person class (fields and constructor)........................................................................15
Lesson 2 – Person class (with get and set methods)...................................................................16
Lesson 3 (scrapbook snapshots)..................................................................................................17
Lesson 5 – PersonTest class........................................................................................................17
Lesson 6 – Added toString() Method to Person class..................................................................18
Lesson 7 – TestBook and Book Classes......................................................................................20
Lesson 8 – Add Person to Book Class.........................................................................................21
Lesson 9 – MyLibrary Class and ArrayList...................................................................................23
Lesson 10 – Start on MyLibrary Class.........................................................................................23
Lesson 11 – Create first methods in MyLibrary class...................................................................24
Lesson 12 – Create checkOut, checkIn Methods........................................................................27
Lesson 13 – Continue checkOut Method.....................................................................................31
Lesson 14 – Finish checkOut Method..........................................................................................33
Lesson 15 – Finish MyLibrary Methods........................................................................................35
Lesson 16 – Create main Method and JAR File..........................................................................41

Introduction
This document is designed to accompany the “Eclipse And Java For Total Beginners” video tutorial,
which is available at http://eclipsetutorial.sourceforge.net/.

Tutorial Target Audience

This tutorial is targeted for people who are new to Eclipse and to Java. It is designed to work either
for those with prior programming experience in other languages or for those without prior experience.

Tutorial Objectives
The objectives of this tutorial are as follows:
 Demonstrate the basics of using Eclipse for writing Java programs
 Demonstrate how to use Eclipse for agile software development
 Demonstrate how to use existing Java learning resources (tutorials, examples, books) within
Eclipse
 Create a foundation for continuing to learn Java and Eclipse
Note that Java and Eclipse are both large subject areas that cannot possibly be mastered in a short
period of time. This tutorial will help get you started and give you some of the skills needed to learn
on your own.

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Why learn Java with Eclipse?

There are many ways to learn how to program in Java. The author believes that there are
advantages to learning Java using the Eclipse integrated development environment (IDE). Some of
these are listed below:
 Eclipse provides a number of aids that make writing Java code much quicker and easier than
using a text editor. This means that you can spend more time learning Java, and less time
typing and looking up documentation.
 The Eclipse debugger and scrapbook allow you to look inside the execution of the Java code.
This allows you to “see” objects and to understand how Java is working behind the scenes
 Eclipse provides full support for agile software development practices such as test-driven
development and refactoring. This allows you to learn these practices as you learn Java.
 If you plan to do software development in Java, you’ll need to learn Eclipse or some other IDE.
So learning Eclipse from the start will save you time and effort.
The chief concern with learning Java with an IDE is that learning the IDE itself will be difficult and will
distract you from learning Java. It is hoped that this tutorial will make learning the basics of Eclipse
relatively painless so you can focus on learning Java.

Topics Covered
This tutorial will cover the following topics:
 Basics of Eclipse for Java development
 Basics of Java and object-oriented programming (OOP)
 Test-driven development (TDD) and unit testing in Eclipse

Tutorial Approach
The tutorial is organized around the following activities.
 Write a small sample Java application to track your personal lending library.
 Use the “test-first” approach to develop most methods.
 Write a “test drive” program and create an executable JAR file, and run the JAR file from the
system console.
Concepts are introduced as needed during the development of the sample applications.

Getting The Most From This Tutorial

This tutorial can be used as an in-depth demonstration of Java development in Eclipse. However, if
you want to actually learn how to write Java programs in Eclipse, the following approach is
recommended:

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 Have Eclipse installed and ready to go.

 Work side-by-side with the lessons, pausing and rewinding as needed.
 Use this guide as needed.
 Consult other resources as needed to understand the topics covered in greater depth.
 Keep a positive attitude!

Sample Java Application – Personal Lending Library

We will develop a small sample application to track our personal library of books. It will also include a
list of people to whom we loan our books. The application will have three Java classes:
1. Person will have fields for the person's name and a number which will be the maximum
number of books this person can borrow at one time.
2. Book will have fields for title, author, and the person who is currently borrowing the book.
3. MyLibrary will contain a list of all of our books and a list of all of the people who might borrow
them.

Downloading and Installing Eclipse

Before Installing Eclipse, you need to have either the Java JDK (Java development kit) or Java JRE
(Java runtime engine) installed on your computer. These are available at
http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp.
Installing the JDK or JRE is reasonably simple. Detailed, step-by-step instructions, if needed, are
available in the PDF Eclipse Tutorial at the
https://www.arctechsoftware.com/tutorial/welcomePage.do. (Follow the link to “Beginning Eclipse”.)
For Java development, the JDK is recommended because it allows you to see documentation and
source code for the standard Java classes. However, either the JDK or JRE will work for this tutorial.
This tutorial is based on Eclipse 3.3, although you could use 3.2 and probably later versions as well.
Here are the steps to install Eclipse 3.3 from www.eclipse.org:
 Navigate to www.eclipse.org/downloads
 Select “Eclipse IDE for Java Developers”. If your platform is Linux or MacOSX, be sure to
select the link to the right. Note that you can use “Eclipse IDE for Java EE Developers”,
“Eclipse for RCP/Plug-in Developers”, or “Eclipse Classic” as well. All of these include the Java
development portions of Eclipse used in this tutorial.
 On the www.eclipse.org/downloads page, follow the link “Find out more”. Scroll your browser
to display the far right-hand side of the screen to the column “Tutorials and Help”. The first
tutorial is a Screencam tutorial that steps you through downloading and installing Eclipse on
Windows.
The Eclipse installation is very straightforward. There is no installation program. Instead, you just
create the top-level folder and the unzip the file inside this folder. In Windows XP, for example, just

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copy the zip file to your root directory (e.g., “C:\”) and then unzip the downloaded zip file. This will
create a folder called “C:\eclipse”. The Eclipse programs will be created in several subfolders
(configuration, features, plugins, readme). The procedure for Linux is similar, except your unzip the
.tar.gz file.

Playing the Lessons

To play the lessons, follow these steps.
1. Download the 16 lesson zip files (totalbeginnerlessonxx.zip).
2. Unzip each lesson's zip file into a directory on your system.
3. Find the file called “lessonxx.html”, where xx is the lesson number 01-16.
4. Open this file with your browser (e.g., Internet Explorer or Firefox) and press the large play
button on the video thumbnail. The lesson should play inside the browser. Note that you need
to have the Adobe Flash player installed on your system. This can be downloaded from Adobe
at http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/.
5. Controls for the video are below the video. A Pause/Play button is in the lower left corner. A
slide control allows you to fast-forward or rewind the video to any point in time. Controls for
Volume, Table of Contents, and Closed Captions are in the lower right corner.

Re-Sizing the Video

Alternatively, you can open the file “lessonxx.swf” with your browser. In Windows Internet Explorer
you might get a security warning and need to click and select “Allow blocked content”. If you open the
lessonxx.swf file directly (as opposed to lessonxx.html), you can resize the video to any desired size,
making it larger or smaller. Note that playing the video from the lessonxx.html file will provide the
clearest rendition of the video but does not allow resizing.

Closed Captions and Lesson Table of Contents

The audio track of each lesson can be accompanied by closed captions (subtitles), which display in
the lower portion of the video. Press the “CC” button in the lower right corner to toggle them on and
off. Each lesson also contains a table of contents that allows you to jump to a specified point inside
the video. To access the table of contents, click on the Table of Contents icon in the lower right corner
of the video. Next to the Table of Contents control is the Volume control. The controls are shown
above.

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Lesson Outlines
Lesson 1 – Create Your First Java Class
 Create Java project in Eclipse
 Create Java package
 Discuss the Lending Library Application
 Introduce classes and objects, naming conventions
 Write a simple Java class (Person)

Lesson 2 – Add Methods To Class

 Introduce Eclipse Views and Perspectives
 Introduce Eclipse user interface – drag / drop, context menus, help
 Add get and set methods to Person class

Lesson 3 – Use Eclipse Scrapbook

 Introduce Eclipse Scrapbook
 Introduce Java expressions, statements
 Discuss Java packages
 Create Person object in Scrapbook

Lesson 4 – JUnit Testing in Eclipse, Part 1

 Create test source folder
 Create PersonTest class
 Run first JUnit test

Lesson 5 – JUnit Testing Continued

 Test Person class – part 2
 Create test methods for constructor, getName, and getMaximumBooks
 Static methods

Lesson 6 – Using Test-First Development in Eclipse

 Use test-first approach to write the Person toString() method
 Method overriding

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 Field Hiding

Lesson 7 – Create Book Class

 Create BookTest before creating Book class
 Test Book constructor
 Create get and set methods

Lesson 8 – Add Person to Book Class

 Create a relationship between the Book class and the Person Class
 Test getPerson method
 Create JUnit Test Suite

Lesson 9 – MyLibrary Class and ArrayList

 How can we hold books, etc. in a collection?
 MyLibrary object to hold Person & Entry objects
 Introduce ArrayList in scrapbook
 Introduce Java Generics
 Method chaining

Lesson 10 – Start on MyLibrary Class

 Create MyLibraryTest JUnit test
 Create testMyLibrary to test MyLibrary constructor
 Create MyLibrary constructor
 Introduce instanceof operator
 Introduce assertTrue method

Lesson 11 – Create first methods in MyLibrary class

 Create test method for addBook, removeBook methods
 Create addBook, removeBook methods and test
 Create addPerson, removePerson methods
 Introduce Eclipse refactoring – move local variable to field

Lesson 12 – Create checkOut, checkIn Methods

 Create test for checkOut, checkIn methods

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 Write checkout method

 Introduce if / then / else syntax
 Introduce boolean method
 Write checkIn method

Lesson 13 – Continue checkOut Method

 Test checkOut, checkIn methods
 Fix compiler error – misplaced {}
 Add test for maximum books
 Create test for getBooksForPerson() method
 Refactoring – extract method

Lesson 14 – Finish checkOut Method

 Write getBooksForPerson method
 Introduce “for each” loop
 Introduce logical and operator “&&”
 NullPointerException errors
 Complete checkOut Method

Lesson 15 – Finish MyLibrary Methods

 Create test for getAvailableBooks
 Create getAvailableBooks
 Create getUnavailableBooks

Lesson 16 – Create main Method and JAR File

 Introduce main method
 Write a main method
 Run MyLibrary as Java application
 Export to JAR file and run from Windows

Alphabetical Index by Lesson

Topic Lesson
addBook() method.....................................................................................................................11

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addPerson() method..................................................................................................................11
agile software development........................................................................................................4
ArrayList<> class.........................................................................................................................9
assertEquals() method ...............................................................................................................5
assertTrue() method..................................................................................................................10
Book class...................................................................................................................................7
boolean type..............................................................................................................................10
build path.....................................................................................................................................4
capitalization in Java...................................................................................................................1
checkOut() method....................................................................................................................12
class (Java).................................................................................................................................1
code assist (CTRL+Space).........................................................................................................2
code assist template...................................................................................................................2
comments: in-line (//)...................................................................................................................1
constructor (Java).......................................................................................................................1
Convert Local Variable to Field, Eclipse Wizard.......................................................................11
CTRL+/, toggle in-line comments................................................................................................8
CTRL+Shift+P – find matching curly brace...............................................................................13
CTRL+Space – code assist........................................................................................................2
curly brace, highlighting in Eclipse............................................................................................13
Eclipse code assist (CTRL+Space)............................................................................................2
Eclipse Explorer class view.........................................................................................................2
Eclipse scrapbook.......................................................................................................................3
Eclipse user interface..................................................................................................................2
equals method for Strings (vs. == operator).............................................................................14
executable JAR file...................................................................................................................16
execute button, Eclipse scrapbook.............................................................................................3
Export to Java Archive (JAR) file, Eclipse wizard.....................................................................16
expressions.................................................................................................................................3
extends keyword.........................................................................................................................4
extreme programming.................................................................................................................4
fields (class)................................................................................................................................1
for each loop..............................................................................................................................14
Generate Getters and Setters Wizard.........................................................................................2
Generics feature, Java..........................................................................................................9, 10
get() method, ArrayList................................................................................................................9
getAvailableBooks() method ....................................................................................................15
getBooksForPerson() method...................................................................................................14
getter methods............................................................................................................................2
getUnavailableBooks() method.................................................................................................15
if then statement .......................................................................................................................12
indexOf() method, ArrayList........................................................................................................9
inspect button, Eclipse scrapbook..............................................................................................3
instanceof operator...................................................................................................................10
JAR archive file.........................................................................................................................16
java -jar command.....................................................................................................................16

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JUnit test class, create new........................................................................................................4

JUnit test library..........................................................................................................................4
JUnit test, running.......................................................................................................................5
JUnit View...................................................................................................................................5
JUnit, compare actual with expected..........................................................................................5
lending library application............................................................................................................1
main() method...........................................................................................................................16
methods (class)...........................................................................................................................2
MyLibrary class.........................................................................................................................10
mylibrary.jar file.........................................................................................................................16
new keyword...............................................................................................................................3
NullPointerException.................................................................................................................14
Object class, Java.......................................................................................................................3
object dependency......................................................................................................................8
object equality, in Java ...............................................................................................................8
override, method ........................................................................................................................6
package-protected access modifier..........................................................................................10
package, creating........................................................................................................................1
packages, Java...........................................................................................................................3
Person class................................................................................................................................1
perspective (Eclipse)...................................................................................................................2
printStatus() method..................................................................................................................16
private access modifier...............................................................................................................8
project, creating...........................................................................................................................1
public access modifier.................................................................................................................8
Quick fix (CTRL+1)......................................................................................................................4
Quick fix (CTRL+1), in test-first development.............................................................................7
Refactor Menu, Eclipse.............................................................................................................11
removeBook() method...............................................................................................................11
removePerson() method............................................................................................................11
scrapbook, Eclipse......................................................................................................................3
scrapbook, set imports button.....................................................................................................3
setter methods.............................................................................................................................2
setup() method, JUnit test class................................................................................................11
Source folder, create new...........................................................................................................4
statements...................................................................................................................................2
static methods.............................................................................................................................5
subclass .....................................................................................................................................4
superclass...................................................................................................................................4
System.out.println() command....................................................................................................3
Task view, TODO comments.......................................................................................................7
test method as specification .......................................................................................................6
test method, create ....................................................................................................................5
test suite, JUnit............................................................................................................................8
test-driven development (TDD)...................................................................................................6
test-first development..................................................................................................................6

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testBook() method ......................................................................................................................7

testCheckOut() method ............................................................................................................12
testGetAvailableBooks() method..............................................................................................15
testGetBooksForPerson() method ...........................................................................................13
testGetUnavailableBooks() method..........................................................................................15
this keyword............................................................................................................................2, 6
TODO comment, task list............................................................................................................7
toString() method .......................................................................................................................6
unit test........................................................................................................................................4
view (Eclipse)..............................................................................................................................2
welcome screen (Eclipse)...........................................................................................................1
workbench (Eclipse)....................................................................................................................2
workbench regions......................................................................................................................2
workspace (Eclipse)....................................................................................................................1
; semicolon, in Java.....................................................................................................................2
!= operator (not equal to)..........................................................................................................12
( ) parentheses, in Java...............................................................................................................2
{ } curly braces, in Java...............................................................................................................2
/* */ comments.............................................................................................................................2
&& operator (and operator).......................................................................................................14
== operator (equals)..................................................................................................................12

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Glossary of Terms

Term Quick Definition

Access Modifier Reserved words “public”, “private”, “protected” in Java. Control whether
classes and members may be accessed from any class, only this class,
subclasses. Default is access from any class in the package.

Agile (or Extreme) Methodology for developing software that emphasizes, among other
Development things, unit testing as part of development process.

API (Application The way one program uses another program. In Java, the API can be
Programming Interface) thought of as the collection of public methods for a class or package.

Class Main building block in Java. Contains members, including fields and
methods. Classes are the “blueprint” for creating objects.

Constructor Special block of code used to create an instance of a class (or, if you
prefer, an object whose type is the class). Used with the “new” keyword
(e.g., Person p = new Person() calls the Person() constructor).

Field Member in a class that holds data (e.g., name, age, etc.). Usually marked
private so that other programs cannot directly access.

IDE (Integrated Program, like Eclipse, that provides the different tools required to develop
Development a software package.
Environment)

JVM (Java Virtual The program that runs Java programs on a specific platform. Java source
Machine) (also known as code is compiled into .class files. These contain the instructions used by
Java Runtime Engine or the JVM to actually run the programs on a Windows PC, a Linux computer,
JRE) a Mac computer, etc. The JVM is written for each platform supported by
Java.

JUnit Test A Java class used to test individual methods in a class. Used to build test
cases, e.g., when using agile development methodology.

Method Member in a class that does some processing (e.g., like a subroutine or
function in other languages).

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Term Quick Definition

Method Argument, Method Parameters refers to the list of variables in a method declaration.
Parameter Arguments are the actual values that are passed in when the method is
invoked. When you invoke a method, the arguments used must match the
declaration's parameters in type and order. For example, in the method

public setName(String name) {…}

“name” is the parameter for this method. If this method is used as follows:

myObject.setName(“Fred”);

“Fred” is the argument of the method and it must match the type of the
method’s parameter.

Method Signature A method’s name plus it’s parameter list. For example, a method defined
as “setName (String name)” has a method signature of “setName(String)”.
Method signatures are important because they allow methods to be
overloaded (i.e., have the same name but different signatures). For
example, the method “setName(String firstName, String lastName) could
be an overload of “setName(String name)” because it as a different
signature (“setName(String, String)”).

Object An instance of a class. For example, Cookie could be a class, and a

cookie (e.g. “thisCookie”) would be an object created using the class. In
other words, “thisCookie” is an object of type Cookie or an instance of
Cookie.

Overload (Method) To provide multiple methods with the same name but different parameters
(i.e., same name but different signatures).

Override (Method) When a subclass implements a method inherited from the super class, this
method is said to be overridden.

Package Packages are imported into a source file to save typing the full name of
the class (e.g., can say “Person” instead of
“org.eclipsetraining.librarytutorial.Person” and to avoid the possibility of
two classes having identical names.

Project In Eclipse, a way to organize your work. An Eclipse workspace can

contain multiple projects. Each project can contain multiple packages.
Each package can contain multiple classes.

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Term Quick Definition

Refactor To improve a program without changing the way it works (i.e., its API).
Example include renaming fields or variables, streamlining code, etc. Very
important in agile development because of emphasis on self-documenting
code.

Reference Variable In Java, variable that holds an object reference (e.g., p = new Person();).
Points to an area on the “heap” where the object resides. Contrast with
value variable.

Scrapbook Page Area in Eclipse where you can execute Java code “snippets” and see how
they work. Great for experimenting with Java statements.

Static Method A method that belongs to the entire class instead of one instance of the
class. Invoked with <Class>.<Method> (e.g., Person.getTotalCount()).
Used for methods that don’t rely on any one instance of a class.

Swing A set of standard Java packages that implement a graphical user interface
without using any “native” code.

SWT (Standard Widget Set of Java classes and native programs developed by Eclipse to allow
Toolkit) Java programs to have the look and feel of native programs on each
platform. Used to create the Eclipse IDE.

Type In Java, an attribute of a variable to indicate either a primitive type (int,

boolean, etc.) or class membership. For objects, the type is the class to
which it belongs. Types also include interfaces and enumerations.

Value Variable In Java, variable that holds the value of a Java primitive (e.g., integer,
character, etc.). Held in the memory stack. Contrast with reference
variable.

Workspace Top-level container for Eclipse work. Holds multiple projects. In a single
Eclipse session, only one workspace can be active.

Additional Resources
There are many resources available for learning more about Eclipse and Java. These are just a few
that I’ve found helpful.

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Eclipse Websites
 www.eclipse.org/resources. This lists a number of articles, books, presentations,
demonstrations and other resources on a variety of topics related to Eclipse.
 eclipse.newcomer newsgroup. This is a friendly, active newsgroup where newcomers to
Eclipse can ask questions. The search feature of this and other newsgroups can be especially
valuable, since there is a good chance that your question has already been asked and
answered.
 Beginning Eclipse Tutorial on ArcTech Software LLC website. Written tutorial to get you started
with Eclipse and Java. Login required to download. It has a very good section on downloading
and installing the Java JDK. Link to tutorial is
https://www.arctechsoftware.com/tutorial/tutorial.do?subcatId=1. Link to home page is
https://www.arctechsoftware.com/tutorial/welcomePage.do.

Java Websites
 The Java Tutorials from Sun (http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/java/index.html). The gold
standard for learning Java, and it’s free.
 JavaRanch Big Moose Saloon web site (http://saloon.javaranch.com/cgi-
bin/ubb/ultimatebb.cgi?category=1). This has a variety of forums, including Java in General
(beginner), Java in General (intermediate), and many other Java topics. Very active and
friendly, with knowledgeable moderators.
 The Java Developers Almanac 1.4 (http://www.exampledepot.com/). Contains Java code
samples for many topics.

Java Books
 Head First Java, by Kathy Sierra & Bert Bates. Excellent, fun, creative book for Java and OOP
beginners.
 Thinking In Java, by Bruce Eckel. Excellent, thorough reference for Java. For all levels of
programmer.
 Effective Java, by Joshua Bloch. Concise book documents specific recommendations for Java
best practices. For intermediate to advanced programmers.

Code Snapshots
The following pages contain code snapshots as of the end of each lesson. These can be used to
compare your code to or to help you fix any problems you might have. If needed, you can copy and
past this code into your Eclipse Java source files. Also, if you want to start the tutorial in the middle,
these can help you catch up to the correct point.

Lesson 1 – Person class (fields and constructor)

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package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

public class Person {

// fields
private String name; // name of the person
private int maximumBooks; // most books the person can check out

// constructors
public Person() {
name = "unknown name";
maximumBooks = 3;
}
}

Lesson 2 – Person class (with get and set methods)

Note: Highlighted code added in this lesson.

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

public class Person {

// fields
private String name; // name of the person
private int maximumBooks; // most books the person can check out

// constructors
public Person() {
name = "unknown name";
maximumBooks = 3;
}

//methods
public String getName() {
return name;
}

public void setName(String anyName) {

name = anyName;
}

public int getMaximumBooks() {

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return maximumBooks;
}

public void setMaximumBooks(int maximumBooks) {

this.maximumBooks = maximumBooks;
}

Lesson 3 (scrapbook snapshots)

Expressions:

2 + 2

int a = 5;
a = a * 10;
a

(after import of org.totalbeginner.tutorial.*)

Person p = new Person();

p.setName(“Fred”);
P

Lesson 5 – PersonTest class

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class PersonTest extends TestCase {

public void testPerson() {

Person p1 = new Person();
assertEquals("unknown name", p1.getName());

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assertEquals(3, p1.getMaximumBooks());
}

public void testSetName() {

Person p2 = new Person();
p2.setName("Fred");
assertEquals("Fred", p2.getName());
}

public void testSetMaximumBooks() {

Person p3 = new Person();
p3.setMaximumBooks(10);
assertEquals(10, p3.getMaximumBooks());
}

Lesson 6 – Added toString() Method to Person class

Note: Person and PersonTest classes are complete at this point.

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

public class Person {

// fields
private String name; // name of the person
private int maximumBooks; // most books the person can check out

// constructors
public Person() {
name = "unknown name";
maximumBooks = 3;
}

//methods
public String getName() {
return name;
}

public void setName(String anyName) {

name = anyName;
}

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public int getMaximumBooks() {

return maximumBooks;
}

public void setMaximumBooks(int maximumBooks) {

this.maximumBooks = maximumBooks;
}

public String toString() {

return this.getName() + " (" + this.getMaximumBooks() +
" books)";
}

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class PersonTest extends TestCase {

public void testPerson() {

Person p1 = new Person();
assertEquals("unknown name", p1.getName());
assertEquals(3, p1.getMaximumBooks());
}

public void testSetName() {

Person p2 = new Person();
p2.setName("Fred");
assertEquals("Fred", p2.getName());
}

public void testSetMaximumBooks() {

Person p3 = new Person();
p3.setMaximumBooks(10);
assertEquals(10, p3.getMaximumBooks());
}

public void testToString() {

Person p4 = new Person();
p4.setName("Fred Flintstone");

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p4.setMaximumBooks(7);
String testString = "Fred Flintstone (7 books)";
assertEquals(testString, p4.toString());
}

Lesson 7 – TestBook and Book Classes

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class BookTest extends TestCase {

public void testBook() {

Book b1 = new Book("Great Expectations");
assertEquals("Great Expectations", b1.title);
assertEquals("unknown author", b1.author);
}

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

public class Book {

String title;
String author;

public Book(String string) {

this.title = string;
this.author = "unknown author";
}

public String getAuthor() {

return author;
}

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public void setAuthor(String author) {

this.author = author;
}

public String getTitle() {

return title;
}

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import junit.framework.Test;
import junit.framework.TestSuite;

public class AllTests {

public static Test suite() {

TestSuite suite = new TestSuite("Test for org.totalbeginner.tutorial");
//$JUnit-BEGIN$
suite.addTestSuite(BookTest.class);
suite.addTestSuite(PersonTest.class);
//$JUnit-END$
return suite;
}

Lesson 8 – Add Person to Book Class

Note: BookTest and Book classes are complete at this point.

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

public class Book {

String title;
String author;
Person person;

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public Book(String string) {

this.title = string;
this.author = "unknown author";
}

public String getAuthor() {

return author;
}

public void setAuthor(String author) {

this.author = author;
}

public String getTitle() {

return title;
}

public void setPerson(Person p2) {

this.person = p2;
}

public Person getPerson() {

return this.person;
}

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class BookTest extends TestCase {

public void testBook() {

Book b1 = new Book("Great Expectations");
assertEquals("Great Expectations", b1.title);
assertEquals("unknown author", b1.author);
}

public void testGetPerson() {

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Book b2 = new Book("War And Peace");

Person p2 = new Person();
p2.setName("Elvis");

// method to say book is loaned to this person

b2.setPerson(p2);

// get the name of the person who has the book

// Person testPerson = b2.getPerson();
// String testName = testPerson.getName();

String testName = b2.getPerson().getName();

assertEquals("Elvis", testName);

Lesson 9 – MyLibrary Class and ArrayList

Scrapbook Example

ArrayList<Book> list = new ArrayList<Book>();

Book b1 = new Book("Great Expectations");

Book b2 = new Book("War and Peace");
list.add(b1);
list.add(b2);

Person p1 = new Person();

p1.setName("Fred");
b1.setPerson(p1);

list.remove(b1);
list

Lesson 10 – Start on MyLibrary Class

Note: From this point on, if needed use the Person and PersonTest classes from Lesson 6 and the
Book and BookTest classes from Lesson 8.

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

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import java.util.ArrayList;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class MyLibraryTest extends TestCase {

// test constructor
public void testMyLibrary() {
MyLibrary ml = new MyLibrary("Test");

assertEquals("Test", ml.name);

assertTrue(ml.books instanceof ArrayList);

assertTrue(ml.people instanceof ArrayList);

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MyLibrary {

String name;
ArrayList<Book> books;
ArrayList<Person> people;

public MyLibrary(String name) {

this.name = name;
books = new ArrayList<Book>();
people = new ArrayList<Person>();
}

Lesson 11 – Create first methods in MyLibrary class

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package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class MyLibraryTest extends TestCase {

private Book b1;

private Book b2;
private Person p1;
private Person p2;
private MyLibrary ml;

// test constructor
public void testMyLibrary() {
MyLibrary ml = new MyLibrary("Test");

assertEquals("Test", ml.name);

assertTrue(ml.books instanceof ArrayList);

assertTrue(ml.people instanceof ArrayList);

public void setup() {

b1 = new Book("Book1");
b2 = new Book("Book2");
p1 = new Person();
p2 = new Person();
p1.setName("Fred");
p2.setName("Sue");

ml = new MyLibrary("Test");

public void testAddBook() {

//create test objects
setup();

//test initial size is 0

assertEquals(0, ml.getBooks().size());

ml.addBook(b1);

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ml.addBook(b2);

assertEquals(2, ml.getBooks().size());
assertEquals(0, ml.getBooks().indexOf(b1));
assertEquals(1, ml.getBooks().indexOf(b2));

ml.removeBook(b1);
assertEquals(1, ml.getBooks().size());
assertEquals(0, ml.getBooks().indexOf(b2));

ml.removeBook(b2);
assertEquals(0, ml.getBooks().size());
}
}

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MyLibrary {

String name;
ArrayList<Book> books;
ArrayList<Person> people;

public MyLibrary(String name) {

this.name = name;
books = new ArrayList<Book>();
people = new ArrayList<Person>();
}

public String getName() {

return name;
}

public ArrayList<Book> getBooks() {

return books;
}

public ArrayList<Person> getPeople() {

return people;
}

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public void addBook(Book b1) {

this.books.add(b1);

public void removeBook(Book b1) {

this.books.remove(b1);

public void addPerson(Person p1) {

this.people.add(p1);
}

public void removePerson(Person p1) {

this.people.remove(p1);
}

Lesson 12 – Create checkOut, checkIn Methods

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class MyLibraryTest extends TestCase {

private Book b1;

private Book b2;
private Person p1;
private Person p2;
private MyLibrary ml;

// test constructor
public void testMyLibrary() {
MyLibrary ml = new MyLibrary("Test");

assertEquals("Test", ml.name);

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assertTrue(ml.books instanceof ArrayList);

assertTrue(ml.people instanceof ArrayList);

public void setup() {

b1 = new Book("Book1");
b2 = new Book("Book2");
p1 = new Person();
p2 = new Person();
p1.setName("Fred");
p2.setName("Sue");

ml = new MyLibrary("Test");

public void testAddBook() {

//create test objects
setup();

//test initial size is 0

assertEquals(0, ml.getBooks().size());

ml.addBook(b1);
ml.addBook(b2);

assertEquals(2, ml.getBooks().size());
assertEquals(0, ml.getBooks().indexOf(b1));
assertEquals(1, ml.getBooks().indexOf(b2));

ml.removeBook(b1);
assertEquals(1, ml.getBooks().size());
assertEquals(0, ml.getBooks().indexOf(b2));

ml.removeBook(b2);
assertEquals(0, ml.getBooks().size());

private void addItems() {

ml.addBook(b1);
ml.addBook(b2);
ml.addPerson(p1);

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ml.addPerson(p2);
}

public void testCheckOut() {

// set up objects
setup();
addItems();

assertTrue("Book did not check out correctly",

ml.checkOut(b1,p1));

assertEquals("Fred", b1.getPerson().getName());

assertFalse("Book was already checked out",

ml.checkOut(b1,p2));

assertTrue("Book check in failed", ml.checkIn(b1));

assertFalse("Book was already checked in", ml.checkIn(b1));

assertFalse("Book was never checked out", ml.checkIn(b2));

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MyLibrary {

String name;
ArrayList<Book> books;
ArrayList<Person> people;

public MyLibrary(String name) {

this.name = name;
books = new ArrayList<Book>();

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people = new ArrayList<Person>();

}

public String getName() {

return name;
}

public ArrayList<Book> getBooks() {

return books;
}

public ArrayList<Person> getPeople() {

return people;
}

public void addBook(Book b1) {

this.books.add(b1);

public void removeBook(Book b1) {

this.books.remove(b1);

public void addPerson(Person p1) {

this.people.add(p1);
}

public void removePerson(Person p1) {

this.people.remove(p1);
}

public boolean checkOut(Book b1, Person p1) {

if ((b1.getPerson() == null) ){
b1.setPerson(p1);
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}

public boolean checkIn(Book b1) {

if (b1.getPerson() != null) {

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b1.setPerson(null);
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}

Lesson 13 – Continue checkOut Method

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MyLibrary {

String name;
ArrayList<Book> books;
ArrayList<Person> people;

public MyLibrary(String name) {

this.name = name;
books = new ArrayList<Book>();
people = new ArrayList<Person>();
}

public String getName() {

return name;
}

public ArrayList<Book> getBooks() {

return books;
}

public ArrayList<Person> getPeople() {

return people;
}

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public void addBook(Book b1) {

this.books.add(b1);

public void removeBook(Book b1) {

this.books.remove(b1);

public void addPerson(Person p1) {

this.people.add(p1);
}

public void removePerson(Person p1) {

this.people.remove(p1);
}

public boolean checkOut(Book b1, Person p1) {

if ((b1.getPerson() == null) ){
b1.setPerson(p1);
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}

public boolean checkIn(Book b1) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return false;
}

public ArrayList<Book> getBooksForPerson(Person p1) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}

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Lesson 14 – Finish checkOut Method

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MyLibrary {

String name;
ArrayList<Book> books;
ArrayList<Person> people;

public MyLibrary(String name) {

this.name = name;
books = new ArrayList<Book>();
people = new ArrayList<Person>();
}

public String getName() {

return name;
}

public ArrayList<Book> getBooks() {

return books;
}

public ArrayList<Person> getPeople() {

return people;
}

public void addBook(Book b1) {

this.books.add(b1);

public void removeBook(Book b1) {

this.books.remove(b1);

public void addPerson(Person p1) {

this.people.add(p1);
}

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public void removePerson(Person p1) {

this.people.remove(p1);
}

public boolean checkOut(Book b1, Person p1) {

int booksOut = this.getBooksForPerson(p1).size();
if ((b1.getPerson() == null) &&
booksOut < p1.getMaximumBooks()){
b1.setPerson(p1);
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}

public boolean checkIn(Book b1) {

if (b1.getPerson() != null) {
b1.setPerson(null);
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}

public ArrayList<Book> getBooksForPerson(Person p1) {

ArrayList<Book> result = new ArrayList<Book>();
for (Book aBook : this.getBooks()) {
if ((aBook.getPerson() != null) &&
(aBook.getPerson().getName()
.equals(p1.getName())))

{
result.add(aBook);
}
}
return result;
}

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Lesson 15 – Finish MyLibrary Methods

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class MyLibraryTest extends TestCase {

private Book b1;

private Book b2;
private Person p1;
private Person p2;
private MyLibrary ml;

// test constructor
public void testMyLibrary() {
MyLibrary ml = new MyLibrary("Test");

assertEquals("Test", ml.name);

assertTrue(ml.books instanceof ArrayList);

assertTrue(ml.people instanceof ArrayList);

public void setup() {

b1 = new Book("Book1");
b2 = new Book("Book2");
p1 = new Person();
p2 = new Person();
p1.setName("Fred");
p2.setName("Sue");

ml = new MyLibrary("Test");

public void testAddBook() {

//create test objects
setup();

//test initial size is 0

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assertEquals(0, ml.getBooks().size());

ml.addBook(b1);
ml.addBook(b2);

assertEquals(2, ml.getBooks().size());
assertEquals(0, ml.getBooks().indexOf(b1));
assertEquals(1, ml.getBooks().indexOf(b2));

ml.removeBook(b1);
assertEquals(1, ml.getBooks().size());
assertEquals(0, ml.getBooks().indexOf(b2));

ml.removeBook(b2);
assertEquals(0, ml.getBooks().size());

public void testCheckOut() {

// set up objects
setup();

addItems();

assertTrue("Book did not check out correctly",

ml.checkOut(b1,p1));

assertEquals("Fred", b1.getPerson().getName());

assertFalse("Book was already checked out",

ml.checkOut(b1,p2));

assertTrue("Book check in failed", ml.checkIn(b1));

assertFalse("Book was already checked in", ml.checkIn(b1));

assertFalse("Book was never checked out", ml.checkIn(b2));

// additional test for maximumBooks

setup();
p1.setMaximumBooks(1);
addItems();

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assertTrue("First book did not check out",

ml.checkOut(b2, p1));
assertFalse("Second book should not have checked out",
ml.checkOut(b1, p1));

private void addItems() {

ml.addBook(b1);
ml.addBook(b2);
ml.addPerson(p1);
ml.addPerson(p2);
}

public void testGetBooksForPerson() {

setup();
addItems();
assertEquals(0, ml.getBooksForPerson(p1).size());

ml.checkOut(b1, p1);

ArrayList<Book> testBooks = ml.getBooksForPerson(p1);

assertEquals(1, testBooks.size());
assertEquals(0, testBooks.indexOf(b1));

ml.checkOut(b2, p1);
testBooks = ml.getBooksForPerson(p1);
assertEquals(2, testBooks.size());
assertEquals(1, testBooks.indexOf(b2));

public void testGetAvailableBooks() {

setup();
addItems();
ArrayList<Book> testBooks = ml.getAvailableBooks();
assertEquals(2, testBooks.size());
assertEquals(1, testBooks.indexOf(b2));

ml.checkOut(b1, p1);
testBooks = ml.getAvailableBooks();
assertEquals(1, testBooks.size());
assertEquals(0, testBooks.indexOf(b2));

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ml.checkOut(b2, p1);
testBooks = ml.getAvailableBooks();
assertEquals(0, testBooks.size());

public void testGetUnavailableBooks() {

setup();
addItems();
assertEquals(0, ml.getUnavailableBooks().size());

ml.checkOut(b1, p1);

ArrayList<Book> testBooks = ml.getUnavailableBooks();

assertEquals(1, testBooks.size());
assertEquals(0, testBooks.indexOf(b1));

ml.checkOut(b2, p2);
testBooks = ml.getUnavailableBooks();
assertEquals(2, testBooks.size());
assertEquals(1, testBooks.indexOf(b2));

public void testToString() {

setup();
addItems();
assertEquals("Test: 2 books; 2 people.",
ml.toString());
}

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MyLibrary {

String name;

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ArrayList<Book> books;
ArrayList<Person> people;

public MyLibrary(String name) {

this.name = name;
books = new ArrayList<Book>();
people = new ArrayList<Person>();
}

public String getName() {

return name;
}

public ArrayList<Book> getBooks() {

return books;
}

public ArrayList<Person> getPeople() {

return people;
}

public void addBook(Book b1) {

this.books.add(b1);

public void removeBook(Book b1) {

this.books.remove(b1);

public void addPerson(Person p1) {

this.people.add(p1);
}

public void removePerson(Person p1) {

this.people.remove(p1);
}

public boolean checkOut(Book b1, Person p1) {

int booksOut = this.getBooksForPerson(p1).size();
if ((b1.getPerson() == null) &&
booksOut < p1.getMaximumBooks()){
b1.setPerson(p1);
return true;

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}
else {
return false;
}
}

public boolean checkIn(Book b1) {

if (b1.getPerson() != null) {
b1.setPerson(null);
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}

public ArrayList<Book> getBooksForPerson(Person p1) {

ArrayList<Book> result = new ArrayList<Book>();
for (Book aBook : this.getBooks()) {
if ((aBook.getPerson() != null) &&
(aBook.getPerson().getName()
.equals(p1.getName())))

{
result.add(aBook);
}
}
return result;
}

public ArrayList<Book> getAvailableBooks() {

ArrayList<Book> result = new ArrayList<Book>();
for (Book aBook : this.getBooks()) {
if (aBook.getPerson() == null) {
result.add(aBook);
}

}
return result;
}

public ArrayList<Book> getUnavailableBooks() {

ArrayList<Book> result = new ArrayList<Book>();
for (Book aBook : this.getBooks()) {
if (aBook.getPerson() != null) {

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result.add(aBook);
}

}
return result;
}

public String toString() {

return this.getName() + ": " +
this.getBooks().size() + " books; " +
this.getPeople().size() + " people.";
}

Lesson 16 – Create main Method and JAR File

package org.totalbeginner.tutorial;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MyLibrary {

String name;
ArrayList<Book> books;
ArrayList<Person> people;

public MyLibrary(String name) {

this.name = name;
books = new ArrayList<Book>();
people = new ArrayList<Person>();
}

public String getName() {

return name;
}

public ArrayList<Book> getBooks() {

return books;
}

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public ArrayList<Person> getPeople() {

return people;
}

public void addBook(Book b1) {

this.books.add(b1);

public void removeBook(Book b1) {

this.books.remove(b1);

public void addPerson(Person p1) {

this.people.add(p1);
}

public void removePerson(Person p1) {

this.people.remove(p1);
}

public boolean checkOut(Book b1, Person p1) {

int booksOut = this.getBooksForPerson(p1).size();
if ((b1.getPerson() == null) &&
booksOut < p1.getMaximumBooks()){
b1.setPerson(p1);
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}

public boolean checkIn(Book b1) {

if (b1.getPerson() != null) {
b1.setPerson(null);
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}

public ArrayList<Book> getBooksForPerson(Person p1) {

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ArrayList<Book> result = new ArrayList<Book>();

for (Book aBook : this.getBooks()) {
if ((aBook.getPerson() != null) &&
(aBook.getPerson().getName()
.equals(p1.getName())))

{
result.add(aBook);
}
}
return result;
}

public ArrayList<Book> getAvailableBooks() {

ArrayList<Book> result = new ArrayList<Book>();
for (Book aBook : this.getBooks()) {
if (aBook.getPerson() == null) {
result.add(aBook);
}

}
return result;
}

public ArrayList<Book> getUnavailableBooks() {

ArrayList<Book> result = new ArrayList<Book>();
for (Book aBook : this.getBooks()) {
if (aBook.getPerson() != null) {
result.add(aBook);
}

}
return result;
}

public String toString() {

return this.getName() + ": " +
this.getBooks().size() + " books; " +
this.getPeople().size() + " people.";
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// create a new MyLibrary
MyLibrary testLibrary = new MyLibrary("Test Drive Library");
Book b1 = new Book("War And Peace");

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Book b2 = new Book("Great Expectations");

b1.setAuthor("Tolstoy");
b2.setAuthor("Dickens");
Person jim = new Person();
Person sue = new Person();
jim.setName("Jim");
sue.setName("Sue");

testLibrary.addBook(b1);
testLibrary.addBook(b2);
testLibrary.addPerson(jim);
testLibrary.addPerson(sue);

System.out.println("Just created new library");

testLibrary.printStatus();

System.out.println("Check out War And Peace to Sue");

testLibrary.checkOut(b1, sue);
testLibrary.printStatus();

System.out.println("Do some more stuff");

testLibrary.checkIn(b1);
testLibrary.checkOut(b2, jim);
testLibrary.printStatus();

private void printStatus() {

System.out
.println("Status Report of MyLibrary \n" +
this.toString());
for (Book thisBook : this.getBooks()) {
System.out.println(thisBook);
}

for (Person p : this.getPeople()) {

int count = this.getBooksForPerson(p).size();
System.out.println(p + " (has " + count
+ " of my books)");
}
System.out.println("Books Available: "
+ this.getAvailableBooks().size());
System.out.println("--- End of Status Report ---");

Copyright © 2007 Mark Dexter. Licensed under the Educational Community License version 1.0. Page 44 of 45
 Eclipse and Java for Total Beginners
Tutorial Companion Document

}
}

Copyright © 2007 Mark Dexter. Licensed under the Educational Community License version 1.0. Page 45 of 45