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Volume Fraction

The volume fraction is defined as the volume of a constituent divided by the total volume of all constituents in a mixture prior to mixing. It is a dimensionless quantity expressed as a number between 0 and 1. A volume fraction of 0.4 refers to a mixture where 40% of the total volume is one constituent. The sum of all volume fractions in a mixture is equal to 1. Volume fraction is the same as volume percent except the latter uses a denominator of 100.

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606 views2 pages

Volume Fraction

The volume fraction is defined as the volume of a constituent divided by the total volume of all constituents in a mixture prior to mixing. It is a dimensionless quantity expressed as a number between 0 and 1. A volume fraction of 0.4 refers to a mixture where 40% of the total volume is one constituent. The sum of all volume fractions in a mixture is equal to 1. Volume fraction is the same as volume percent except the latter uses a denominator of 100.

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Volume fraction

In chemistry, the volume fraction φi is defined as the and solute is arbitrary. The volume of such a mixture is
volume of a constituent Vi divided by the volume of all slightly less than the sum of the volumes of the compo-
constituents of the mixture V prior to mixing:[1] nents. Thus, by the above definition, the term “40% alco-
hol by volume” refers to a mixture of 40 volume units of
ethanol with enough water to make a final volume of 100
Vi units, rather than a mixture of 40 units of ethanol with 60
ϕi = ∑
j Vj units of water.
Being dimensionless, its unit is 1; it is expressed as a
number, e.g., 0.18. It is the same concept as volume
percent (vol%) except that the latter is expressed with a 2 See also
denominator of 100, e.g., 18%.
The volume fraction coincides with the volume concen- • Alcohol by volume
tration in ideal solutions where the volumes of the con- • For non-ideal mixtures, see Partial molar volume
stituents are additive (the volume of the solution is equal and Excess molar quantity
to the sum of the volumes of its ingredients).
• Alcohol proof
The sum of all volume fractions of a mixture is equal to
1: • Alcohol meter

• Apparent molar property


∑
N ∑
N
Vi = V ; ϕi = 1 • Percentage
i=1 i=1

The volume fraction (percentage by volume, vol%) is


one way of expressing the composition of a mixture with 3 References
a dimensionless quantity; mass fraction (percentage by
weight, wt%) and mole fraction (percentage by moles, [1] IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed.
mol%) are others. (the “Gold Book”) (1997). Online corrected version:
(2006–) "volume fraction".

[2] Volume-volume percentage, Chembuddy website


1 Volume percent
Volume percent is a common expression of a solution's
concentration. It is the volume fraction expressed with a
denominator of 100, and thus is defined as:

solute of volume
percent volume = × 100
solution of volume
Volume percent is usually used when the solution is made
by mixing two fluids, such as liquids or gases. However,
percentages are only additive for ideal gases.[2]
The percentage by volume (vol%) is one way of
expressing the composition of a mixture with a
dimensionless quantity; mass fraction (percentage by
weight, wt%) and mole fraction (percentage by moles,
mol%) are others.
In the case of a mixture of ethanol and water, which
are miscible in all proportions, the designation of solvent

1
2 4 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

4 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses


4.1 Text
• Volume fraction Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume_fraction?oldid=751987146 Contributors: Bgwhite, Pegship, SmackBot,
David Shear, DinosaursLoveExistence, Jbergquist, DMacks, Christian75, TAB, Thijs!bot, RolfSander, R'n'B, Mikael Häggström, Nwbee-
son, VolkovBot, LokiClock, Facts707, Addbot, Fgnievinski, Quercus solaris, Luckas-bot, Yobot, GrouchoBot, ‫قلی زادگان‬, Erik9bot,
ZéroBot, Toddwz, ChuispastonBot, ClueBot NG, Miszatomic, Waynejayes and Anonymous: 12

4.2 Images
• File:Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg License: CC BY-
SA 4.0 Contributors: Own work Original artist: Dan Polansky based on work currently attributed to Wikimedia Foundation but originally
created by Smurrayinchester

4.3 Content license


• Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0

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