CBSE

Class 9 Science
Important Questions
Chapter 2
Is Matter Aroud Us Pure

3 Marks Questions

1. List the points of differences between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.

Ans.

2. Differentiate between homo generous and heterogeneous mixtures with examples.

Ans.

3. How are sol, solution and suspension different from each other?

Ans.

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4. To make a saturated solution,36 g of sodium chloride is dissolved in 100 g of water
at293 K. Find its concentration at this temperature.

Ans. Mass of sodium chloride (solute) = 36 g

Mass of water (solvent) = 100 g

Mass of solution = 36 + 100 = 136 g

Therefore, concentration percentage = mass of solute/mass of solution

= 26.47 %

5.Classify the following as chemical or physical changes:

• cutting of trees,
• melting of butter in a pan,
• rusting of almirah,
• boiling of water to form steam,
• passing of electric current, through water and the water breaking down into hydrogen
and oxygen gases,
• dissolving common salt in water,
• making a fruit salad with raw fruits, and

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• burning of paper and wood.

Ans. cutting of trees = chemical change

melting of butter in a pan = physical change

rusting of almirah = chemical change

boiling of water to form steam = physical change

passing of electric current, through water and the water breaking down into hydrogen and
oxygen gases = chemical change

dissolving common salt in water = physical change

making a fruit salad with raw fruits = physical change

burning of paper and wood = chemical change

6. Which separation techniques will you apply for the separation of the following?

(a) Sodium chloride from its solution in water.

(b) Ammonium chloride from a mixture containing sodium chloride and ammonium
chloride.
(c) Small pieces of metal in the engine oil of a car.
(d) Different pigments from an extract of flower petals.
(e) Butter from curd.
(f) Oil from water.
(g) Tea leaves from tea.
(h) Iron pins from sand.
(i) Wheat grains from husk.
(j) Fine mud particles suspended in water.

Ans. (a) Evaporation method

(b) Sublimation method

(c) by heating and then after filtration

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(d) by Chromatography

(e) by method of centrifugation

(f) by using separating funnel

(g) by filtration method using strainer

(h) with the help of a magnet

(i) by winnowing

(j) by centrifugation

7. Write the steps you would use for making tea. Use the words solution, solvent, solute,
dissolve, soluble, insoluble, filtrate and residue.

Ans. Take more amount of solvent (water) in a pan and after heating it add little amount of
solute (sugar) to the solvent. Solute will dissolve completely in the solvent forming true
solution, then add tea leaves that are insoluble along with another soluble liquid milk. After
boiling allow filtration with a sieve so the filtrate you obtain is tea while the residue has tea
leaves that are thrown away.

8. Pragya tested the solubility of three different substances at different temperatures

and collected the data as given below(results are given in the following table, as grams
of substance dissolved in 100 grams of water to form a saturated solution).

(a) What mass of potassium nitrate would be needed to produce a saturated solution of
potassium nitrate in50 grams of water at 313 K?

(b) Pragya makes a saturated solution of potassium chloride in water at 353 K and
leaves the solution to cool at room temperature. What would she observe as the

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solution cools? Explain.

(c) Find the solubility of each salt at 293 K. Which salt has the highest solubility at this
temperature?

(d) What is the effect of change of temperature on the solubility of a salt?

Ans. (a) At 313 K temperature the amount of potassium nitrate required was 62g in 100ml of
water so in 50g water we will need to dissolve potassium nitrate.

(b) At 373K saturated solution preparation needs 54g potassium nitrate and at room
temperature (293 K) saturation solution formation occurs with 35g potassium nitrate hence =
54 – 35 = 19g potassium nitrate will precipitate out as undissolved salt.

(c) Solubilities are (in 100 mg of water) 32,36,35,37 respectively for the mentioned salts and
the highest solubility is of ammonium chloride at this temperature.

(d) Solubility of salts is directly proportional to the temperature i.e. if temperature increases
then solubility will increase and if the temperature decreases solubility will also decrease.

9. Explain the following giving examples.

(a) saturated solution

(b) pure substance
(c) colloid
(d) suspension

Ans. (a) saturated solution: It is a solution in which no more solute particles can be dissolved
at a particular temperature.

(b) pure substance: Such substance that has a uniform composition i.e. has particles with
identical properties is called pure substance eg sugar, salt, water, nitrogen etc.

(c) colloid: It is a kind of heterogeneous mixture/solution in which particle size is between

1nm and 1000nm. Colloids have dispersion medium and dispersed phase.eg smoke, milk,
shaving cream, jelly, cheese etc.

(d) suspension: It is a kind of heterogeneous mixture in which insoluble solid particles

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remain suspended in the medium and dispersion particles are visible to the unaided eyes.eg
muddy river water, chalk powder in water, dust storm, sand in water etc.

10. Write a method to separate different gases from air.

Ans. Air is a homogeneous mixture of various gases.

It can be separated from its various components by fractional distillation.

(a) First compress and cool the air by increasing the pressure and decreasing the
temperature.

(b) We obtain the liquid air; now allow the liquid air to warm up slowly in fractional
distillation column.

(c) The various gases separate from each other according to their boiling points at various
heights of the fractionally column.

11. What is a colloid? What are its various properties?

Ans. Colloids are the heterogeneous mixture of substances in which the particle size is too
small and cannot be seen by naked eyes.

(1) It is a heterogeneous mixture, but appears homogenous.

(2) The size of particles is too small to be individually seen by naked eyes.

(3) They scatter beam of light passing through it and makes its path visible.

(4) The particles of colloid do not settle down when left undisturbed.

12. A solution contains 60g of NaCl in 400g of water. Calculate the concentration in term
of mass by mass percentage of the solution.

Ans. Mass of solute (NaCl) = 60g

Mass of solvent (water) = 400g

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Mass of solution = Mass of solute + Mass of solvent

= 60 + 400 = 460g

Mass percentage of solution =

= = = 13.4%

13. Differentiate between metals and non metal based upon the various properties that
they show.

Ans.

14. Differentiate between mixtures and compound by giving appropriate examples?

Ans.

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15. Write a method to separate a mixture of salt and ammonium chloride?

Ans. A mixture of salt and ammonium chloride can be separated by the process of
sublimation. Since ammonium chloride changes directly from solid into gaseous state on
heating and salt does not so this principle is used to the mixture of two.

(1) The mixture of NH4Cl (ammonium chloride) and salt is taken in a china dish inside an

inverted funnel.

(2) The mixture is heated and because NH4Cl sublimates thus changes into vapours directly.

(3) Salt which is non-sublimable substance settles into the inverted funnel.

Separation of NH4Cl salt by sublimation

16. What is crystallization? Where is it used? Why is this better than simple
evaporation technique?

Ans. Crystallization is a process that separates a pure solid in the form of crystals from its
solution. It is used to purify solids. For e.g. salt from sea water is purified using
crystallization. It is a better technique than simple evaporation because:

(a) Some solid may decompose or get charred on heating to dryness during evaporation.

(b) On evaporation, some of the impurities still remain dissolved in the solution.

17. What is chromatography? What are its various applications and underline the basic

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principle involved?

Ans. Chromatography is a technique used for separation of those components whose

solubility in the same solvent is different.

Its various applications are:

(a) It is used to separate different colours in dye.

(b) It is used to separate pigments from natural colours.

(c) It is used to separate drugs from blood.

The basic principle in chromatography is the different solutes have different solubility in the
same solvent. For e.g. if we take a spot of ink on a paper and dip it in water than that
coloured component which is more soluble in water rises faster and the other which is less
soluble remains at the bottom and hence the two component can be separated.

18. A solution of acid is labeled is 95%. What is the mass of this that must be

diluted with water to get 5L of solution containing 10 g of per litre?

Ans. 1L of the diluted solution must contain 10 g of .

Therefore, 5L of the diluted solution must contain 50 g of .

The concentration of the acid in the bottle is 95%.

This means that

95 g of is present in 100 g of the acid solution

50 g of will be present in

52.64 g of the solution

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