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Shortcut Formula For No - of Triangles With Integral Sides and A Given Perimeter Number of Triangles With Integer Sides For A Given Perimeter

This document contains information about: 1. A formula for calculating the number of triangles with integer sides for a given perimeter, depending on whether the perimeter is even or odd. 2. A formula for calculating the number of scalene triangles with integer sides for a given perimeter, depending on whether the perimeter is even or odd. 3. Properties and applications of the digit sum of numbers, including using digit sums to check calculations and determine if a number is a perfect square.

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60 views3 pages

Shortcut Formula For No - of Triangles With Integral Sides and A Given Perimeter Number of Triangles With Integer Sides For A Given Perimeter

This document contains information about: 1. A formula for calculating the number of triangles with integer sides for a given perimeter, depending on whether the perimeter is even or odd. 2. A formula for calculating the number of scalene triangles with integer sides for a given perimeter, depending on whether the perimeter is even or odd. 3. Properties and applications of the digit sum of numbers, including using digit sums to check calculations and determine if a number is a perfect square.

Uploaded by

avdv
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SHORTCUT FORMULA FOR NO.

OF TRIANGLES WITH INTEGRAL SIDES AND A


GIVEN PERIMETER

 Number of Triangles with Integer sides for a given perimeter.


If the perimeter p is even then, total triangles are [p2/48].
If the perimeter p is odd then, total triangles is [(p+3)2/48].
Where [x] represents nearest integer function.

 Number of scalene Triangles with Integer sides for a given perimeter.


If the perimeter p is even then, total triangles is [(p - 6)2/48].
If the perimeter p is odd then, total triangles is [(p - 3)2/48].
Where [x] represents nearest integer function.
Main point to remember is that an equilateral triangle is considered isosceles
 For proof of the given formula, refer
http://web.maths.unsw.edu.au/~mikeh/webpapers/paper98.pdf

IMPORTANT POINTS REGARDING THE SUM OF THE DIGITS

 Digit-Sum Rule of Multiplication: The digit-sum of the product of two numbers is equal to the
digit sum of the product of the digit sums of the two numbers!

Example: The product of 129 and 35 is 4515.

Digit sum of 129 = 3 and digit sum 35 = 8

Product of the digit sums = 3 × 8 = 24 --> Digit-sum = 6.

Digit-sum of 4515 is = 4 + 5 + 1 + 5 = 15 = 1 + 5 = 6.

Digit-sum of the product of the digit sums = digit sum of 24 = 6

--> Digit sum of the product (4515) = Digit-sum of the product of the digit sums (24) = 6

 Applications of Digit-Sum

1. Rapid checking of calculations while multiplying numbers

Suppose a student is trying to find the product 316 × 234 × 356, and he obtains the number 26525064.

A quick check will show that the digit-sum of the product is 3. The digit-sums of the individual
numbers (316, 234 and 356) are 1, 9, and 5. The digit-sum of the product of the digit sum is 1 × 9 × 5 =
45 = 4 + 5 = 9.

--> the digit-sum of the product of the digit-sums (9) is NOT equal to digit-sum of the 26525064 (3)

Hence, the answer obtained by multiplication is not correct.

Note: Although the answer of multiplication will not be correct if the digit-sum of the product of the
digit-sums is not equal to digit-sum of the product, but the reverse is not true i.e. the answer of
multiplication may or may not be correct if the digit-sum of the product of the digit-sums is equal to
digit-sum of the product
2. Finding the sum of the digits of a number raised to a power

Example: The digits of the number (4)24 are summed up continually till a single digit number is
obtained. What is that number?

Answer: 4 3 = 64. Digit sum of 64 is = 1.

424 = 43 × 43 × 43 ... × 43 (8 times)

Digit sums on both sides will be the same.

--> digit sum of 424 = digit sum of 1 × 1 × 1 × 1... (8 times) = 1

Example: Find the sum of the sum of the sum of the digits of 25!

25! = 1 × 2 × 3 × ... × 24 × 25. As one of the multiplicands is 9, the digit sum will be 9.

3. Determining if a number is a perfect square or not

It can be seen from the table that the digit-sum of the numbers which are perfect squares will
always be 1, 4, 9, or 7.

Note: A number will NOT be a perfect square if its digit-sum is NOT 1, 4, 7, or 9, but it may or
may not be a perfect square if its digit-sum is 1, 4, 7, or 9.

Example: Is the number 323321 a perfect square?

Answer: the digit-sum of the number 323321 is 5. Hence, the number cannot be a perfect square.

Example: A 10-digit number N has among its digits one 1, two 2s, three 3s, and four 4s. Is N be a
perfect square?
Answer: We can see that the digit sum of a perfect square is always 1, 4, 7, or 9. As the digit sum of
the number is 3, it cannot be a perfect square.

 Suppose, the seed of any positive integer n is defined as follows:


Seed(n) = n, if n < 10
= seed(s(n)), otherwise,
Where s(n) indicates the sum of digits of n. For example,
Seed(7) = 7, seed(248) = seed(2 + 4 + 8) = seed(14) = seed(1 + 4) = seed(5) etc.
How many positive integers n, such that n < 500, will have seed(n) = 9? (CAT 2008)
(1) 39 (2) 72 (3) 81 (4) 108 (5) 55
It is asked that the sum of digits of a number should be 9
=> it is nothing but the divisibility condition of 9
=> we need to find number of multiples of 9 below 500
=> 9,18,27,….495
=> 495 = 55*9 => there are 55 multiples of 9 below 500.
Answer(5)
 FINDING THE FIRST NON ZERO DIGIT OF n! FROM THE RIGHT
 METHOD 1

 STEP 1:Divide the given number by 5


 STEP 2:Obtain the quotient and remainder for this
 STEP 3:Then we can get the first non zero digit from the right from the following
formula

The first non zero digit of n! from the right side will always be even(as the no of 2’s is greater
in n! than 5’s.Therefore,after the formation of 10’s,there will be some remaining 2’s which makes
it even as it will be congruent to 0 mod 2.
 METHOD 2

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