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Newton'S Divided Difference Interpolating Polynomials

The document discusses two methods of polynomial interpolation: Newton's divided difference and Lagrange interpolation. Newton's divided difference method is demonstrated using second and third order polynomials to interpolate data points. Lagrange interpolation is also demonstrated with first and second order polynomials. For a data set with three points, the second order Lagrange interpolation polynomial is calculated to be 114.2682391.

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Raffandi Rolando
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95 views3 pages

Newton'S Divided Difference Interpolating Polynomials

The document discusses two methods of polynomial interpolation: Newton's divided difference and Lagrange interpolation. Newton's divided difference method is demonstrated using second and third order polynomials to interpolate data points. Lagrange interpolation is also demonstrated with first and second order polynomials. For a data set with three points, the second order Lagrange interpolation polynomial is calculated to be 114.2682391.

Uploaded by

Raffandi Rolando
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NEWTON’S DIVIDED DIFFERENCE INTERPOLATING POLYNOMIALS

Second order polynomials


Data points:

𝑥₀ = 26.1 → 𝑓(𝑥0 ) = 100

𝑥₁ = 42.2 → 𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 200

𝑥₂ = 15.4 → 𝑓(𝑥2 ) = 60

First divided difference:

𝑓(𝑥1 )− 𝑓(𝑥0 ) 200−100


𝑓[𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ] = = 42.2−26.1 = 6.211180214
𝑥1 − 𝑥0
𝑓(𝑥2 )− 𝑓(𝑥1 ) 60−200
𝑓[𝑥2 , 𝑥1 ] = = 15.4−42.2 = 5.223880597
𝑥2 − 𝑥1

Second divided difference:

𝑓(𝑥2 )− 𝑓(𝑥1 ) 𝑓(𝑥1 )− 𝑓(𝑥0 )


𝑥2 − 𝑥1
− 𝑥1 − 𝑥0 5.223880597−6.211180214
𝑓[𝑥2 , 𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ] = = = 0.09227099
𝑥2 −𝑥0 15.4 − 26.1

𝑏0 = 𝑓(𝑥0 ) = 100
𝑏1 = 𝑓[𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ] = 6.211180214
𝑏2 = 𝑓[𝑥2 , 𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ] = 0.09227099

𝑓2 (𝑥) = 𝑏0 + 𝑏1 (𝑥 − 𝑥0 ) + 𝑏2 (𝑥 − 𝑥0 )(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )
𝑓2 (𝑥) = 100 + 6.211180214(30 − 26.1) + 0.09227099(30 − 26.1)(30 − 42.2)
𝑓2 (𝑥) = 119.8333488
Third order polynomials
Data points:

𝑥₀ = 26.1 → 𝑓(𝑥0 ) = 100

𝑥₁ = 42.2 → 𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 200

𝑥₂ = 15.4 → 𝑓(𝑥2 ) = 60

𝑥₃ = 7.6 → 𝑓(𝑥3 ) = 40

First divided difference:

𝑓(𝑥1 )− 𝑓(𝑥0 ) 200−100


𝑓[𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ] = = 42.2−26.1 = 6.211180214
𝑥1 − 𝑥0
𝑓(𝑥2 )− 𝑓(𝑥1 ) 60−200
𝑓[𝑥2 , 𝑥1 ] = = 15.4−42.2 = 5.223880597
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
𝑓(𝑥3 )− 𝑓(𝑥2 ) 40−60
𝑓[𝑥3 , 𝑥2 ] = = 7.6−15.4 = 2.564102564
𝑥3 − 𝑥2

Second divided difference:

𝑓(𝑥2 )− 𝑓(𝑥1 ) 𝑓(𝑥1 )− 𝑓(𝑥0 )


𝑥2 − 𝑥1
− 𝑥1 − 𝑥0 5.223880597−6.211180214
𝑓[𝑥2 , 𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ] = = = 0.09227099
𝑥2 −𝑥0 15.4 − 26.1
𝑓(𝑥3 )− 𝑓(𝑥2 ) 𝑓(𝑥2 )− 𝑓(𝑥1 )
𝑥3 − 𝑥2
− 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 2.564102564 − 5.223880597
𝑓[𝑥3 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥1 ] = = = 0.0768872197
𝑥3 −𝑥1 7.6 − 42.2

Third divided difference:

𝑓(𝑥3 )− 𝑓(𝑥2 ) 𝑓(𝑥2 )− 𝑓(𝑥1 ) 𝑓(𝑥2 )− 𝑓(𝑥1 ) 𝑓(𝑥1 )− 𝑓(𝑥0 )


− −
𝑥3 − 𝑥2 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 𝑥1 − 𝑥0
( 𝑥3 −𝑥1
)− ( 𝑥2 −𝑥0
)

𝑓[𝑥3 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ] =
𝑥3 −𝑥0
0.0768872197 − 0.09227099
= = 0.0008323679
7.6 − 26.1

𝑏0 = 𝑓(𝑥0 ) = 100
𝑏1 = 𝑓[𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ] = 6.211180214
𝑏2 = 𝑓[𝑥2 , 𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ] = 0.09227099
𝑏3 = 𝑓[𝑥3 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ] = 0.0008323679
𝑓3 (𝑥) = 𝑏0 + 𝑏1 (𝑥 − 𝑥0 ) + 𝑏2 (𝑥 − 𝑥0 )(𝑥 − 𝑥1 ) + 𝑏3 (𝑥 − 𝑥0 )(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )(𝑥 − 𝑥2 )
𝑓3 (𝑥) = 100 + 6.211180214(30 − 26.1) + 0.09227099(30 − 26.1)(30 − 42.2) +
0.0008323679(30 − 26.1)(30 − 42.2)(30 − 15.4)
𝑓3 (𝑥) = 119.2551295

LAGRANGE INTERPOLATION

Data points:
𝑥₀ = 26.1 → 𝑓(𝑥0 ) = 100

𝑥₁ = 42.2 → 𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 200

𝑥₂ = 15.4 → 𝑓(𝑥2 ) = 60

First order polynomial

𝑥−𝑥1 𝑥−𝑥0
𝑓1 (𝑥) =(𝑥 𝑓(𝑥0 )) + (𝑥 𝑓(𝑥1 ))
0 − 𝑥1 1 − 𝑥0

30−42.2 30−26.1
𝑓1 (𝑥) =(26.1−42.2 (100)) + (42.2−26.1 (200)) = 124.2236025

Second order polynomial

(𝑥−𝑥0 )(𝑥−𝑥1 )
𝑓2 (𝑥) = 𝑓1 (𝑥) + ((𝑥 𝑓(𝑥2 ))
2 −𝑥0 )(𝑥2 −𝑥1 )

(30−26.1)(30−42.2)
𝑓2 (𝑥) = 124.2236025 + ((15.4−26.1)(15.4−42.2) (60)) = 114.2682391

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