MODUL PERKULIAHAN

English One

Future Tense of the Verbs

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01
DKV Bahasa Inggris 151000005B Andi Youna Bachtiar, M.Ikom

Abstract Competency
The future is a verb tense indicating Students are said to be able to
action that has not yet begun. understand if he/she could name the
elements associated with the topic.
Discussion

Future Tense of the Verbs

We use the verbs say, tell, and ask to report what other people have said. In grammar, a
future tense is a verb form that generally marks the event described by the verb as not
having happened yet, but expected to happen in the future. An example of a future tense
form is the French aimera, meaning "will love", derived from the verb aimer ("love"). English
does not have a future tense formed by verb inflection in this way, although it has a number
of ways to express the future, particularly the construction with the auxiliary verb will or shall
or is/am/are going to and grammarians differ in whether they describe such constructions as
representing a future tense in English.
The "future" expressed by the future tense usually means the future relative to the moment
of speaking, although in contexts where relative tense is used it may mean the future relative
to some other point in time under consideration.

Expressions

The nature of the future, necessarily uncertain and at varying distances ahead, means that
the speaker may refer to future events with the modality either of probability (what the
speaker expects to happen) or intent (what the speaker plans to make happen). Whether
future expression is realis or irrealis depends not so much on an objective ontological notion
of future reality, but rather on the degree of the speaker's conviction that the event will in fact
come about.
In many languages there is no grammatical (morphological or syntactic) indication of future
tense. Future meaning is supplied by the context, with the use of temporal adverbs such as
"later", "next year", etc. Such adverbs (in particular words meaning "tomorrow" and "then")
sometimes develop into grammaticalized future tense markers. (A tense used to refer
specifically to occurrences taking place on the following day is called a crastinal tense.)
In other languages, mostly of European origin, specific markers indicate futurity. These
structures constitute a future tense. In many cases, an auxiliary verb is used, as in English,
where futurity is often indicated by the modal auxiliary will (or shall). However, some
languages combine such an auxiliary with the main verb to produce a simple (one-word,
morphological) future tense. This is the origin of the future tense in Western Romance
languages such as French and Italian.

English One
2016 2 Andi Youna Bachtiar
Universitas Paramadina
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A given language may have more than one way to express futurity. English, for example,
often refers to future events using present tense forms or other structures such as the going-
to future, besides the canonical form with will/shall. In addition, the verb forms used for the
future tense can also be used to express other types of meaning; English again provides
examples of this (see English modal verbs for the various meanings that both will and shall
can have besides simply expressing futurity).

Expressions of relative tense

It is sometimes possible to mark the time of an occurrence as being in the past or future not
relative to the present moment (the moment of speaking), but relative to a time of reference,
which can itself be in the past or future (or in some hypothetical reality) relative to the
present moment. Thus an occurrence may be marked as taking place in the "past of the
future", "future of the past", etc. (For the "past of the past", see pluperfect.)
The past of the future, marking an occurrence expected to take place before some future
reference time, is typically marked by a future perfect form (in languages that have such a
form), as in the English "I will have finished by tomorrow afternoon."
The "future of the past" may be expressed in various ways in English. It is possible to use
would in its capacity as the past tense of the future marker will (see English modal verbs and
future-in-the-past); for example: "The match started at midday but would not end until the
evening." It is also possible to use the past tense of other expressions that express future
reference, as in "I was going to wait"; "I was to wait"; "I was about to wait." Such expressions
can also be put into other tenses and moods (and non-finite forms), to achieve future
reference in hypothetical and future situations, e.g., "I would be going to take part if ..."; "I will
be about to leave." More examples can be found in the section Expressions of relative future
in the article on the going-to future.

The future tense

The future can be expressed in several ways in English. Here are the different possibilities:
1. Future Simple: will + base form of the verb
2. Be Going To: am, is, are + going to + base form of the verb
3. Shall: Shall + subject + base form of the verb?
4. Future Progressive: will be + verbing
5. Present Simple and Present Progressive with Future Meaning

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Universitas Paramadina
http://www.paramadina.ac.id
Time expressions in the Future Tense

There are several time expressions that are used in all of the different forms of the future
tense. They are generally used at the end of the sentence or question. The most common
are: tomorrow, next week (Sunday/month/year), in two days (weeks, months years), the day
after tomorrow.

Future Simple: Will + Base Form of the Verb

Future – Be Going To
We usually use am, is or are + going to + the base form of the verb to talk about actions in
the future that have already been decided on.
1. Dan‘s going to take the order over to the customer.
2. The girls are going to sing ‘Amazing Grace’ now.
3. They aren’t going to buy the house.
4. I am not going to make dinner tonight. We’re going out to a restaurant.

Future: Shall
Shall is used with the subjects I and we to make suggestions or to offer to do something for
someone. It is always used in the form of a question.
1. Shall we go for a walk?
2. Shall I help you with that?

Future Progressive (Continuous) – will + be + verbing

Present Simple and Present Progressive with Future Meaning

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Universitas Paramadina
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The present progressive tense may be used to express the future especially when you want
to talk about plans arranged in advance. It is common to use it with verbs of movement.
1. I’m turning in my History assignment tomorrow morning.

Bibliography

 Deborah Phillips, (2001). Longman Complete Course for the TOEFL Test. A
Pearson Education Company.

 George Yule, Explaining English Grammar. Oxford University Press, 1998

 Thomas P. Klammer, Muriel R. Schulz, and Angela Della Volpe, Analyzing

English One
2016 5 Andi Youna Bachtiar
Universitas Paramadina
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