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Functions.: Curves

The document defines and provides examples of different types of curves. It discusses curves in terms of their definition, graphical representation, parametric representation, tangent, length, and curvature. Examples of different types of curves given include straight lines, circles, and ellipses. Their equations, parametric representations, and graphical representations are outlined.

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Prasad Uday Bandodkar
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47 views4 pages

Functions.: Curves

The document defines and provides examples of different types of curves. It discusses curves in terms of their definition, graphical representation, parametric representation, tangent, length, and curvature. Examples of different types of curves given include straight lines, circles, and ellipses. Their equations, parametric representations, and graphical representations are outlined.

Uploaded by

Prasad Uday Bandodkar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CURVES

Functions.
Curves
- Definition.
A curve C in space may occur as paths of moving bodies.

- Graphical Representation

- Parametric Representation
𝒓(𝑡)

- Tangent to a curve
The tangent to a curve at any point in the curve is given by the first derivative of the
vector function at that point: 𝒓′ (𝑡 = 𝑡′)

- Length of a curve
Here, 𝑙 is called the length of 𝐶 and 𝐶 is called rectifiable. In general the evaluation of the
integral is difficult in real cases. If 𝑏 is replaced by 𝑡, the result is a function called the arc
length function.

- Curvature
- Torsion

- Examples –
Straight Line

 Equation – 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐

 Parametric Representation
𝑟(𝑡) = 𝑎 + 𝑡𝑏 = [𝑎1 + 𝑡𝑏1 , 𝑎2 + 𝑡𝑏2 , 𝑎3 + 𝑡𝑏3 ]
where a positive sense is induced by counterclockwise direction
 Graphical Representation

Circles

 Equation – The circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4 in the 𝑥𝑦 plane with center 0 and radius 2.

 Parametric Representation
𝑟(𝑡) = [2 cos 𝑡 , 2 sin 𝑡 , 0 ] , where 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 𝜋
𝑟(𝑡) = 2 cos 𝑡 𝑖 + 2 sin 𝑡 𝑗 + 0 𝑘

Where a positive sense is induced by counterclockwise direction

 Graphical Representation
Ellipse
 Equation -
𝑥2 𝑦2
+ = 1, 𝑧=0
𝑎2 𝑏 2

 Parametric Representation –

𝑟(𝑡) = [𝑎 cos 𝑡 , 𝑏 sin 𝑡 , 0]


𝑟(𝑡) = 𝑎 cos 𝑡 𝑖 + 𝑏 sin 𝑡 𝑗 + 0 𝑘

 Graphical Representation -

Other examaples.

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