PRACTICAL

Aim:-

One line diagram:-

Report:-
LOAD FLOW BY GAUSS-SIEDEL METHOD
CASE NO : 1 CONTINGENCY : 0 SCHEDULE NO : 0
CONTINGENCY NAME : Base Case RATING CONSIDERED : NOMINAL
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VERSION NUMBER : 7.3
%% First Power System Network
LARGEST BUS NUMBER USED : 3 ACTUAL NUMBER OF BUSES : 3
NUMBER OF 2 WIND. TRANSFORMERS : 0 NUMBER OF 3 WIND.
TRANSFORMERS : 0
NUMBER OF TRANSMISSION LINES : 3
NUMBER OF SERIES REACTORS : 0 NUMBER OF SERIES CAPACITORS : 0
NUMBER OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS : 0
NUMBER OF SHUNT REACTORS : 0 NUMBER OF SHUNT CAPACITORS :0
NUMBER OF SHUNT IMPEDANCES : 0
NUMBER OF GENERATORS : 2 NUMBER OF LOADS : 2
NUMBER OF LOAD CHARACTERISTICS : 0 NUMBER OF UNDER FREQUENCY
RELAY: 0
NUMBER OF GEN CAPABILITY CURVES: 0 NUMBER OF FILTERS : 0
NUMBER OF TIE LINE SCHEDULES : 0
NUMBER OF CONVERTORS : 0 NUMBER OF DC LINKS : 0
NUMBER OF SHUNT CONNECTED FACTS: 0
POWER FORCED LINES : 0
NUMBER OF TCSC CONNECTED : 0
NUMBER OF SPS CONNECTED : 0
NUMBER OF UPFC CONNECTED : 0
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LOAD FLOW WITH GAUSS-SEIDEL METHOD : 5
NUMBER OF ZONES : 1
PRINT OPTION : 4 - DETAILED PRINT
PLOT OPTION : 1 - PLOTTING WITH PU VOLTAGE
NO FREQUENCY DEPENDENT LOAD FLOW, CONTROL OPTION: 0
BASE MVA : 100.000000
NOMINAL SYSTEM FREQUENCY (Hzs) : 50.000000
FREQUENCY DEVIATION (Hzs) : 0.000000
FLOWS IN MW AND MVAR, OPTION :0
SLACK BUS : 1
TRANSFORMER TAP CONTROL OPTION : 0
Q CHECKING LIMIT (ENABLED) : 4
REAL POWER TOLERANCE (PU) : 0.00100
REACTIVE POWER TOLERANCE (PU) : 0.00100
MAXIMUM NUMBER OF ITERATIONS : 15
BUS VOLTAGE BELOW WHICH LOAD MODEL IS CHANGED : 0.75000
CIRCUIT BREAKER RESISTANCE (PU) : 0.00000
CIRCUIT BREAKER REACTANCE (PU) : 0.00010
TRANSFORMER R/X RATIO : 0.05000

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ANNUAL PERCENTAGE INTEREST CHARGES : 15.000
ANNUAL PERCENT OPERATION & MAINTENANCE CHARGES : 4.000
LIFE OF EQUIPMENT IN YEARS : 20.000
ENERGY UNIT CHARGE (KWHOUR) : 2.500 Rs
LOSS LOAD FACTOR : 0.300
COST PER MVAR IN LAKHS : 5.000 Rs

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ZONE WISE MULTIPLICATION FACTORS
ZONE P LOAD Q LOAD P GEN Q GEN SH REACT SH CAP C LOAD

---- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------

0 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
1 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
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BUS DATA
BUS NO. AREA ZONE BUS KV VMIN-PU VMAX-PU NAME

------- ---- ---- -------- -------- -------- --------

1 1 1 220.000 0.950 1.050 Bus1
2 1 1 220.000 0.950 1.050 Bus2
3 1 1 220.000 0.950 1.050 Bus3

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TRANSMISSION LINE DATA
STA CKT FROM FROM TO TO LINE PARAMETER RATING KMS kV
NODE NAME* NODE NAME* R(P.U) X(P.U.) B/2(P.U.) MVA
--- --- ---- -------- ---- -------- --------- --------- --------- ------ ----- -----
 3 1 1 Bus1 2 Bus2 0.00850 0.07200 0.07450 1000 1.0
3 1 1 Bus1 3 Bus3 0.01000 0.10000 0.10000 1000 1.0
3 1 2 Bus2 3 Bus3 0.01200 0.01000 0.10500 1000 1.0

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TOTAL LINE CHARGING SUSCEPTANCE : 0.55900
TOTAL LINE CHARGING MVAR AT 1 PU VOLTAGE : 55.900
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TOTAL CAPACITIVE SUSCEPTANCE : 0.00000 pu - 0.000 MVAR
TOTAL INDUCTIVE SUSCEPTANCE : 0.00000 pu - 0.000 MVAR
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GENERATOR DATA
SL.NO* FROM FROM REAL Q-MIN Q-MAX V-SPEC CAP. MVA STAT
NODE NAME* POWER(MW) MVAR MVAR P.U. CURV RATING
------ ---- -------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---- ------- ----
1 2 Bus2 50.0000 -999.0000 999.0000 1.0000 0 1000.00 3
2 1 Bus1 90.0000 -999.0000 998.7490 1.0200 0 1000.00 3
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LOAD DATA

SLNO FROM FROM REAL REACTIVE COMP COMPENSATING MVAR

VALUE CHAR F/V
* NODE NAME* MW MVAR MVAR MIN MAX STEP NO NO
STAT
---- ---- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- ------- ------- ---- ----
1 2 Bus2 20.000 10.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0
3 0
2 3 Bus3 100.000 50.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0
3 0
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TOTAL SPECIFIED MW GENERATION : 140.00000
TOTAL MIN MVAR LIMIT OF GENERATOR : -1998.00000
TOTAL MAX MVAR LIMIT OF GENERATOR : 1997.74900
TOTAL SPECIFIED MW LOAD : 120.00000 reduced 120.00000
TOTAL SPECIFIED MVAR LOAD : 60.00000 reduced 60.00000
TOTAL SPECIFIED MVAR COMPENSATION : 0.00000 reduced 0.00000
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TOTAL (Including out of service units)
TOTAL SPECIFIED MW GENERATION : 140.00000
TOTAL MIN MVAR LIMIT OF GENERATOR : -1998.00000
TOTAL MAX MVAR LIMIT OF GENERATOR : 1997.74900
TOTAL SPECIFIED MW LOAD : 120.00000 reduced 120.00000
TOTAL SPECIFIED MVAR LOAD : 60.00000 reduced 60.00000
TOTAL SPECIFIED MVAR COMPENSATION : 0.00000 reduced 0.00000

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GENERATOR DATA FOR FREQUENCY DEPENDENT LOAD FLOW
SLNO* FROM FROM P-RATE P-MIN P-MAX %DROOP PARTICI BIAS
NODE NAME* MW MW MW FACTOR SETTING
C0 C1 C2
------ ---- -------- -------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
1 2 Bus2 50.000 0.0000 50.0000 4.0000 0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
2 1 Bus1 50.000 0.0000 100.0000 4.0000 0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

Acceleration factor : 1.60

Slack bus angle (degrees) : 0.00

OLD-NUMBER NEW-NUMBER
---------- ----------
1 1
 2 2
3 3
NEW-NUMBER OLD-NUMBER
---------- ----------
1 1
2 2
3 3
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Y BUS IN OLD AND NEW NUMBERING
SLNO. NEW-NUMBER OLD-NUMBER ADMITTANCE
ROW COLUMN ROW COLUMN YBUS.re YBUS.im
----- ------ ------ ------ ------ ---------- ----------
1 1 1 1 1 2.6072 -23.4245
2 1 2 1 2 -1.6171 13.6980
3 1 3 1 3 -0.9901 9.9010
4 2 2 2 2 50.7975 -54.5021
5 2 3 2 3 -49.1803 40.9836
6 3 3 3 3 50.1704 -50.6796

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BUS VOLTAGES AT EACH ITERATION1 Bus1 1.020000+j0.000000
0.000000+j0.000000
2 Bus2 0.999987+j0.005196 -0.000013+j0.005196
3 Bus3 0.982249+j-0.006671 -0.017751+j-0.006671
Iteration count = 1 Error = 0.017728 Bus = 3
1 Bus1 1.020000+j0.000000 0.000000+j0.000000
2 Bus2 0.999924+j-0.012337 -0.000063+j-0.017532
3 Bus3 0.994733+j-0.027725 0.012484+j-0.021054
Iteration count = 2 Error = 0.012847 Bus = 3
1 Bus1 1.020000+j0.000000 0.000000+j0.000000
2 Bus2 0.999833+j-0.018254 -0.000091+j-0.005917
3 Bus3 0.988077+j-0.022956 -0.006656+j0.004770
Iteration count = 3 Error = 0.006776 Bus = 3
1 Bus1 1.020000+j0.000000 0.000000+j0.000000
2 Bus2 0.999775+j-0.021219 -0.000059+j-0.002965
3 Bus3 0.992263+j-0.030228 0.004187+j-0.007272
Iteration count = 4 Error = 0.004381 Bus = 3
1 Bus1 1.020000+j0.000000 0.000000+j0.000000
2 Bus2 0.999738+j-0.022905 -0.000037+j-0.001686
3 Bus3 0.989982+j-0.028073 -0.002281+j0.002155
Iteration count = 5 Error = 0.002343 Bus = 3
1 Bus1 1.020000+j0.000000 0.000000+j0.000000
2 Bus2 0.999722+j-0.023577 -0.000016+j-0.000672
3 Bus3 0.991379+j-0.030398 0.001397+j-0.002325
Iteration count = 6 Error = 0.001465 Bus = 3
1 Bus1 1.020000+j0.000000 0.000000+j0.000000
2 Bus2 0.999711+j-0.024025 -0.000011+j-0.000448
3 Bus3 0.990606+j-0.029577 -0.000773+j0.000820
Iteration count = 7 Error = 0.000798 Bus = 3
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BUS VOLTAGES AND POWERS
NODE FROM V-MAG ANGLE MW MVAR MW MVAR MVAR
NO. NAME P.U. DEGREE GEN GEN LOAD LOAD COMP
---- -------- ------ ------ -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
1 Bus1 1.0200 0.00 69.753 32.927 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 Bus2 1.0000 -1.38 50.000 -32.048 20.000 10.000 0.000
3 Bus3 0.9910 -1.71 0.000 0.000 100.000 50.000 0.000

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NUMBER OF BUSES EXCEEDING MINIMUM VOLTAGE LIMIT (@ mark) : 0
NUMBER OF BUSES EXCEEDING MAXIMUM VOLTAGE LIMIT (# mark) : 0
NUMBER OF GENERATORS EXCEEDING MINIMUM Q LIMIT (< mark) : 0
NUMBER OF GENERATORS EXCEEDING MAXIMUM Q LIMIT (> mark) : 0
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LINE FLOWS AND LINE LOSSES
SLNO CS FROM FROM TO TO FORWARD LOSS %
NODE NAME NODE NAME MW MVAR MW MVAR LOADING--
-- -- ---- -------- ---- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------
1 1 1 Bus1 2 Bus2 36.914 16.633 0.1599 -13.8465 4.8&
2 1 1 Bus1 3 Bus3 32.839 16.294 0.1722 -18.5041 4.8&
3 1 2 Bus2 3 Bus3 67.758 -2.117 0.5594 -20.3467 7.0&
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! NUMBER OF LINES LOADED BEYOND 125% : 0
@ NUMBER OF LINES LOADED BETWEEN 100% AND 125% : 0
# NUMBER OF LINES LOADED BETWEEN 75% AND 100% : 0
$ NUMBER OF LINES LOADED BETWEEN 50% AND 75% : 0
^ NUMBER OF LINES LOADED BETWEEN 25% AND 50% : 0
& NUMBER OF LINES LOADED BETWEEN 1% AND 25% : 3
* NUMBER OF LINES LOADED BETWEEN 0% AND 1% : 0
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ISLAND FREQUENCY SLACK-BUS CONVERGED(1)
------ --------- ----------- ------------
1 50.00000 1 0
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Summary of results
TOTAL REAL POWER GENERATION : 119.753 MW
TOTAL REAL POWER INJECT,-ve L : 0.000 MW
TOTAL REACT. POWER GENERATION : 0.879 MVAR
GENERATION pf : 1.000

TOTAL SHUNT REACTOR INJECTION : -0.000 MW

TOTAL SHUNT REACTOR INJECTION : -0.000 MVAR
TOTAL SHUNT CAPACIT.INJECTION : -0.000 MW
TOTAL SHUNT CAPACIT.INJECTION : -0.000 MVAR
TOTAL TCSC REACTIVE DRAWL : 0.000 MVAR
TOTAL SPS REACTIVE DRAWL : 0.000 MVAR
TOTAL UPFC FACTS. INJECTION : -0.0000 MVAR
TOTAL SHUNT FACTS.INJECTION : 0.000 MVAR
TOTAL SHUNT FACTS.DRAWAL : 0.000 MVAR
TOTAL REAL POWER LOAD : 120.000 MW
TOTAL REAL POWER DRAWAL -ve g : 0.000 MW
TOTAL REACTIVE POWER LOAD : 60.000 MVAR
LOAD pf : 0.894
TOTAL COMPENSATION AT LOADS : 0.000 MVAR
TOTAL HVDC REACTIVE POWER : 0.000 MVAR
TOTAL REAL POWER LOSS (AC+DC) : 0.891436 MW ( 0.891436+ 0.000000)
PERCENTAGE REAL LOSS (AC+DC) : 0.744
TOTAL REACTIVE POWER LOSS : -52.697336 MVAR
Zone wise distribution
Description Zone # 1
MW generation 119.7526
MVAR generation 0.8792
MW load 120.0000
MVAR load 60.0000
MVAR compensation 0.0000
MW loss 0.8914
MVAR loss -52.6973
MVAR - inductive 0.0000
MVAR - capacitive 0.0000
Zone wise export(+ve)/import(-ve)
Zone # 1 MW & MVAR
------ -------- -------- 1 -----
Area wise distribution
Description Area # 1
MW generation 119.7526
MVAR generation 0.8792
MW load 120.0000
MVAR load 60.0000
MVAR compensation 0.0000
MW loss 0.8914
MVAR loss -52.6973
MVAR - inductive 0.0000
MVAR - capacitive 0.0000