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Snap

The SNAP platform provides a common architecture for processing data from the Sentinel satellites. It includes toolboxes for analyzing Sentinel-1 radar data, Sentinel-2 multispectral imagery, and Sentinel-3 data. The SNAP Desktop interface allows users to view, analyze, and process satellite imagery through graphical tools and operator chains. Functions include calibration, filtering, terrain correction, and more. SNAP is open source and supports processing of Earth observation data.

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188 views26 pages

Snap

The SNAP platform provides a common architecture for processing data from the Sentinel satellites. It includes toolboxes for analyzing Sentinel-1 radar data, Sentinel-2 multispectral imagery, and Sentinel-3 data. The SNAP Desktop interface allows users to view, analyze, and process satellite imagery through graphical tools and operator chains. Functions include calibration, filtering, terrain correction, and more. SNAP is open source and supports processing of Earth observation data.

Uploaded by

RogerRomarioMamaniCalamullo
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Polo Territoriale di Como

Sentinel Application
Platform (SNAP) Basics
Candan Eyll Kilsedar
Politecnico di Milano, Department of Civil and Environmental
EngineeringGEOlab
2
What is SNAP?
A common architecture for all Sentinel toolboxes
(Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2 & Sentinel 3) and others
Ideal for Earth Observation (EO) analysis and
processing
One application, one installation on end-user's
computer
Available for Mac OS X, Windows and Unix
(http://step.esa.int/main/download/)
Fully open-source with GPL 3 license and the source is
available on GitHub (https://github.com/senbox-org/)
It is a ESA SEOM (Scientific Exploitation of Operational
Missions) funded activity.
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Toolbox Evolution
4
Architecture
High-level architecture comprises two subsystems:
SNAP Desktop: the graphical user interface
SNAP Engine: the core and command-line interface

Dynamic, module-based architecture, with various


extension points and extensions
Install and update of extension modules
Write a plugin, with Java or Python, use it in all
toolboxes
SNAP Desktop
Modern, intuitive and rich user interface

Fast display of giga-pixel images

Large portfolio of analysis and visualisation


functions
5
Architecture
Operator interfaces and graph builder for processing
(Majority of SNAP functions are implemented as operators.
Processing chains (graphs) can be created using Graphical Graph
Builder)
SNAP Engine
SNAP core code base with command-line interface,
no GUI
Python API allowing to use also numpy, scipy,

pandas, etc with SNAP


Common, generic I/O formats: NetCDF, HDF,
GeoTIFF, Shapefiles,
Common, generic functions: reprojection, subset,
geo-coding, collocation, band maths, image filters,
masking tools, ...
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Architecture
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Application modes
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Sentinel-1
The mission is composed of a constellation of two
satellites, SENTINEL-1A and SENTINEL-1B, sharing the
same orbital plane, operating day and night
performing C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
imaging, enabling them to acquire imagery regardless
of the weather.
The constellation will cover the entire worlds land
masses on a bi-weekly basis, sea-ice zones, Europe's
coastal zones and shipping routes on a daily basis and
open ocean continuously by wave imagettes.
Provides different resolutions (down to 5 m) and
coverage (up to 400 km).
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Sentinel-2
The full SENTINEL-2 mission comprises twin polar-
orbiting satellites in the same orbit, positioned at 180
to each other.
Wide-swath, high-resolution, high revisit time, multi-
spectral imaging mission
SENTINEL-2 carries an optical instrument payload that
will sample 13 spectral bands: four bands at 10 m, six
bands at 20 m and three bands at 60 m spatial
resolution. The orbital swath width will be 290 km.
Contributes to ongoing multispectral observations and
benefit Copernicus services and applications such as
land management, agriculture and forestry, disaster
control, humanitarian relief operations, risk mapping
and security concerns.
10
Sentinel-3
SENTINEL-3 is a European Earth Observation satellite
mission developed to support Copernicus ocean, land,
atmospheric, emergency, security and cryospheric
applications.
The main objective of the SENTINEL-3 mission is to
measure sea surface topography, sea and land surface
temperature, and ocean and land surface colour with
high accuracy and reliability to support ocean
forecasting systems, environmental monitoring and
climate monitoring.
Provides medium-resolution imagery
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Sentinel Data Hub
After registration it is possible to download data
(Link: https://scihub.esa.int/dhus/)
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Sentinel Data Hub
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SNAP Desktop
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FunctionsImage Analysis on TIF
Expectation Maximization (EM) cluster analysis
K-means cluster analysis
Principal component analysis

Save as: GeoTIFF, NetCDF, BEAM-DIMAP, CSV, PNG,


JPG and more
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FunctionsImage Analysis on TIF
K-means cluster analysis
Set the processing parameters Result
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FunctionsAnalysis
Correlative plot
Scatter plot
Profile plot
Information
Geo-coding
Histogram
Statistics
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FunctionsSentinel-1 Data
Resolution: 25715 x 16698
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FunctionsSentinel-1 Data
The elevation band
Resolution: 25715 x 16698
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FunctionsSentinel-1 Data
Radar Radiometric Calibrate
Calibration radiometrically corrects a SAR image so that the pixel values truly represent the radar
backscatter of the reflecting surface.
The corrections that get applied during calibration are mission-specific, therefore the software will
automatically determine what kind of input product you have and what corrections need to be applied
based on the products metadata. Calibration is essential for quantitative use of SAR data.
20
FunctionsSentinel-1 Data
Radar Multilooking
Multilook processing can be used to produce a product with nominal image pixel size.
Multiple looks may be generated by averaging over range and/or azimuth resolution cells improving
radiometric resolution but degrading spatial resolution. As a result, the image will have less noise and
approximate square pixel spacing after being converted from slant range to ground range.

Radar Speckle Filtering Single Product Speckle


Filter
Speckle is caused by random constructive and destructive interference resulting in salt and pepper
noise throughout the image. Speckle filters can be applied to the data to reduce the amount of
speckle at the cost of blurred features or reduced resolution.
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FunctionsSentinel-1 Data

Before After
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FunctionsSentinel-1 Data
Radar Geometric Terrain Correction Range-
Doppler Terrain Correction
Terrain Correction will geocode the image by correcting SAR geometric distortions using a digital
elevation model (DEM) and producing a map projected product.
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FunctionsSentinel-1 Data
Radar Geometric Terrain Correction Range-
Doppler Terrain Correction
Terrain Correction will geocode the image by correcting SAR geometric distortions using a digital
elevation model (DEM) and producing a map projected product.
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FunctionsSentinel-2 Data
Add the xml file
Using the 3 of 13 bands, it is possible to create RGB or
HSV
Right click on the layer and then click on Open RGB
Image Window
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FunctionsSentinel-2 Data
Add the xml file
Using the 3 of 13 bands, it is possible to create RGB or
HSV
Right click on the layer and then click on Open RGB
Image Window
26
References
SNAP official website: http://step.esa.int/main/
Download: http://step.esa.int/main/download/
Tutorials: http://step.esa.int/main/doc/tutorials/
Tutorial on Sentinel-1 Toolbox:
http://sentinel1.s3.amazonaws.com/docs/S1TBX%20SAR%20Basic
s%20Tutorial.pdf
Useful video on Sentinel-1 Toolbox:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=10x7UI7oD3E
Useful video on Sentinel-2 Toolbox:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=clbCYaH7xos
More information on satellites:
https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/missions
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

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