Statute of Frauds

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Transfer of an interest in real estate/land/property

Sale of goods greater than or equal to $500 (applies even if not merchant to
merchant)
Collateral Contracts
Contracts that cannot be performed within a year

1. Transfer if interest in
a. Real Estate
i. Sale of real estate
ii. Contract for a mortgage
iii. Contract for an easement
iv. Contract for a long term lease
Excludes- short term leases of less than a year

1. Contract for the Sale of Goods:


Greater than or equal to $500 (also covers merchant to consumer
agreements)
UCC 2.201
a.Written Memorandum Confirming Existence of Contract
b. Specifying Terms- Quantity of goods to be sold
c. Signed by party to be charged (enforced upon)

Alternative ways of Satisfying Statue of Frauds DEFENSES


a."Merchant Silence"
i. Confirming Memo between two Merchants
ii. With no objection within 10 days
OR
a.Partial Payment or Partial Delivery
i. Enforceable only to the extent of the payment or delivery
b. Admissions in Litigations (pleading, deposition, testimony)
i. If the person admits that a verbal contract existed even if it wasnt in
writing
c. Specially Manufactured Goods

1. Collateral Contracts
Contract where GUARANTOR agrees to pay obligation of principle
DEBTOR owed to obligee if principle fails to perform
Exception: where guarantor is acting for his own benefit

1. Contracts that cannot be performed in one year


Only applies when terms of agreement make it impossible to perform
within 1 year
Exception: full performance by one party

For a writing to be enforceable under a Stature of Fraud it must contain


a.Contain essential terms
b. Subject matter identified with reasonable certainty
c. ..

Exceptions:
Transfer of real estate
i. Full Performance by seller
ii. Part Performance by buyer + made improvements on land
1. Must have reasonably relied on oral contract to his/her detriment
AND
Enforcement of contract is only way to avoid injustice ($ alone- sufficient)
Paid part or all of purchase price + made improvements

GENERAL OUTLINE
Oral Okay
UNLESS
Statute of Fraud
Requires writing w/ 3 things (signature of party charged)
UNLESS
Confirming Memo w/ Merchant Silence

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