QUASAR ELECTRONICS KIT No.

1015
ELECTRONIC MOSQUITO REPELLER
General Description

This simple circuit can prove itself worth many times its value (which is very reasonable
anyway) in getting rid of mosquitoes without having to use potentially harmful chemical
repellents. It is a simple multivibrator which oscillates at a frequency of approximately 5 KHz.
It uses a common piezoelectric microphone as a transducer and runs off a small 1.5 V
battery, which because of the very low consumption of the device, will last very long even with

continuous use.
Technical Specifications - Characteristics
Working voltage: 1,5V DC
Max. current: 1 mA
Working frequency: 5KHz
How it Works

The principle upon which this little device is based is very simple really. It is well known that
only female mosquitoes bite. Research has proven that the sound produced by male
mosquitoes makes females go away (except when they are in the mating period of course).
This sound is what our little device produces and thus it keeps mosquitoes away from you. As
you can see from the circuit diagram the circuit is a simple multivibrator built around two
transistors. The frequency of oscillation is determined by the two capacitors C1-C2 and the
resistors R2 -R3. The output is taken from the collectors of the transistors and is used to drive
a small piezoelectric element (a small crystal microphone in fact) which produces a barely
audible but nevertheless effective 5 KHz tone.

Construction

First of all let us consider a few basics in building electronic circuits on a printed circuit board.
The board is made of a thin insulating material clad with a thin layer of conductive copper that
is shaped in such a way as to form the necessary conductors between the various
components of the circuit. The use of a properly designed printed circuit board is very
desirable as it speeds construction up considerably and reduces the possibility of making
errors. Quasar Electronics Kit boards also come pre-drilled and with the outline of the
components and their identification printed on the component side to make construction
easier. To protect the board during storage from oxidation and assure it gets to you in perfect
condition the copper is tinned during manufacturing and covered with a special varnish that
protects it from getting oxidised and also makes soldering easier. Soldering the components
to the board is the only way to build your circuit and from the way you do it depends greatly
your success or failure. This work is not very difficult and if you stick to a few rules you should
have no problems. The soldering iron that you use must be light and its power should not
exceed the 25 Watts. The tip should be fine and must be kept clean at all times. For this
purpose come very handy specially made sponges that are kept wet and from time to time
you can wipe the hot tip on them to remove all the residues that tend to accumulate on it. DO
NOT file or sandpaper a dirty or worn out tip. If the tip can not be cleaned, replace it. There
are many different types of solder in the market and you should choose a good quality one
that contains the necessary flux in its core, to assure a perfect joint every time. DO NOT use
soldering flux apart from that which is already included in your solder. Too much flux can
cause many problems and is one of the main causes of circuit malfunction. If nevertheless
you have to use extra flux, as it is the case when you have to tin copper wires, clean it very
thoroughly after you finish your work. In order to solder a component correctly you should do
the following:
Clean the component leads with a small piece of emery paper. - Bend them at the correct
distance from the component¶s body and insert the component in its place on the board.
You may find sometimes a component with heavier gauge leads than usual, that are too thick
to enter in the holes of the p.c. board. In this case use a mini drill to enlarge the holes slightly.
Do not make the holes too large as this is going to make soldering difficult afterwards.
Take the hot iron and place its tip on the component lead while holding the end of the solder
wire at the point where the lead emerges from the board. The iron tip must touch the lead
slightly above the p.c . board.
When the solder starts to melt and flow wait till it covers the area around the hole evenly and
the flux boils and gets out from underneath the solder. The whole operation should not take
more than 5 seconds. Remove the iron and let the solder cool naturally without blowing on it
or moving the component. If everything was done properly the surface of the joint must have
a bright metallic finish and its edges should be smoothly ended on the component lead and
the board track. If the solder looks dull, cracked, or has the shape of a blob then you have
made a dry joint and you should remove the solder (with a pump, or a solder wick) and redo
it.
Take care not to overheat the tracks as it is very easy to lift them from the board and break

them.

When you are soldering a sensitive component it is good practice to hold the lead from the
component side of the board with a pair of long -nose pliers to divert any heat that could
possibly damage the component.
Make sure that you do not use more solder than it is necessary as you are running the risk of
short-circuiting adjacent tracks on the board, especially if they are very close together.
When you finish your work, cut off the excess of the component leads and clean the board
thoroughly with a suitable solvent to remove all flux residues that may still remain on it.

The very small size of the printed circuit board which is used for this project made impractical
the printing of the component layout on the component side of the PCB. Instead, a
component layout is included in the instructions which accompany the kit. It is shown from the
component side and it is 3 times larger than the original PCB in order to make things easier
for you. Following the practical diagram place the resistors first in their places and solder
them, do the same with the capacitors and finally solder the transistors very carefully because
if they are overheated they can be damaged. Use two short pieces of wire to connect the
piezoelectric microphone with the PCB at the points shown in the diagram. Connect the
battery across the circuit as it is shown and you should be able to hear a high pitched tone
from the microphone. This tone is approximately 5000 Hz and that is what repels the
mosquitoes and guarantees you an unmolested sleep!

Adjustments
This kit does not need any adjustments, if you follow the building instructions.
Warning
Quasar Electronics kits are sold as stand alone training kits.
If they are used as part of a larger assembly and any damage is caused, our company bears
no responsibility.
While using electrical parts, handle power supply and equipment with great care, following
safety standards as described by international specs and regulations.
If it does not work
Check your work for possible dry joints, bridges across adjacent tracks or soldering flux
residues that usually cause problems.
Check again all the external connections to and from the circuit to see if there is a mistake
there.

See that there are no components missing or inserted in the wrong places.
Make sure that all the polarised components have been soldered the right way round.
Make sure that the supply has the correct voltage and is connected the right way round to
your circuit.
Check your project for faulty or damaged components.
If everything checks out and your project still fails to work, please contact us for information
on our Get-You-Going service.
Electronic Diagram
Parts List
This is supplied when you purchase the kit.
Ultrasonic frequency mosquito repaller
—


Here is the circuit diagram of an ultrasonic mosquito repeller.The circuit is based on the theory
that insects like mosquito can be repelled by using sound frequencies in the ultrasonic (above
20KHz) range.The circuit is nothing but a PLL IC CMOS 4047 wired as an oscillator working at
22KHz.A complementary symmetry amplifier consisting of four transistor is used to amplify the
sound.The piezo buzzer converts the output of amplifier to ultrasonic sound that can be heard by
the insects.

 





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Audio amplifier
The audio amplifier shown here is based on the TDA7240 IC from ST Microelectronics. The
TDA 7240 is an integrated audio amplifier IC that can deliver 20 watts of audio output power
into a 4ohm load. The IC has minimum external parts count and is available in the 7 pin compact
Heptawatt package. The IC also has a lot of good features like loud speaker protection, short
circuit protection, low noise, low distortion etc. The circuit can be operated from a 12V DC
single power supply and this makes it very useful in car audio applications.

 



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This is just another 20W audio amplifier circuit , but this time based on the LM1875 audio
amplifier IC from National Semiconductors. With a 25V dual power supply LM1875 can deliver
20W of audio power into a 4 ohm speaker. The LM1875 requires very less external components
and has very low distortion. The IC is also packed with a lot good features like fast slew rate,
wide supply voltage range, high output current, high output voltage swing, thermal protection
etc. The IC is available in TO-220 plastic power package and is well suitable for a variety of
applications like audio systems, servo amplifiers, home theatre systems etc.

 



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