Newton Law of Cooling

CONTENT PAGES
INTRODUCTION 2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 3
PROBLEM STATEMENT 4
FILA TABLE 5
SOLUTION 6
CONCLUSION 10
REFERENCES 10
1
INTRODUCTION
Newton's law of cooling states that the rate of heat loss of a body is directly proportional to the
difference in the temperatures between the body and its surroundings provided the temperature
difference is small and the nature of radiating surface remains same. This equation has a
solution that specifies a simple negative exponential rate of temperature-difference decrease,
over time.
The law is as follow: The temperature T(t) is the temperature of the object at time, t, changes
proportionally to the difference between the temperature of the object T(t) and Ts, the constant
temperature of the surrounding.

= ( )

Where,
K is a constant that depends on the material of the object
T is the temperature of the object
Ts is the constant temperature of the surrounding
Note : negative signs mean the temperature is reducing i.e cooling down
(ENGINEERING MATH II : sept 2015 ; Prof Madya Hjh Nafisah @ Kamariah bt Hj Md
Kamaruddin, Hj Zulkarnain bin Hj Md Amin ; edited by Hj Mohd Lokoman Bin Kasiran)
2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In performing our project, we had to take the help and guideline of some respected
persons, who deserve our greatest gratitude. The completion of this project gives us much
pleasure. We would like to express the deepest appreciate to my lecture Encik Ahmad Fauzee
Bin Raffee for giving us a good guideline for this report throughout numerous consultations.
Without knowledge from him that gives to us during the class lesson, our report cannot be
enhanced.
Furthermore, we like to give an appreciation to each of the group member as they had
given their time to finish this project. A non-stop countless hours has been used to make this
projected finish.
Next, appreciate to our classmates who that have made valuable comment suggestion on
this project which give us inspiration to improve our report. We thank all the people for their
help directly and indirectly to complete our assignment.
3
PROBLEM STATEMENT
Newtons Law of Cooling states that the rate at which temperature of a cooling object decreases
is proportional to the difference between the temperature of the object and the temperature of
surrounding medium. Fauzee boiled a jug of water. After that, he made a cup of Milo with
temperature of 95 is placed in a room with a constant temperature of 21. Fauzee left the cup
of Milo to be cool in the room temperature for 10 minutes and the temperature was 85.
Assuming the Newtons Law of Cooling applies, set up and solve the initial-value problem
whose solution is the temperature of water t minutes after being placed in the room. How many
minutes will it take for the Milo to reach a temperature of 51.
4
FILA TABLE
FILA TABLE
FACTS IDEAS LEARNING ISSUES ACTION PLAN
1. Temperature of 1. Fauzee place the 1. Does the room 1. Find the formula
Milo in the cup is cup in the room. was in the lab or in Mathematical
95 2. Fauzee probably the room with a Engineering II
2. A cup was placed is doing lab constant books.
in a room experiment. temperature? 2. Seek information
3. The room 3. Fauzee probably 2. Why the cup was through Internet.
temperature is cooling down his placed in the
21 water. room?
4. In 10 minutes it 3. What is the
cool at 85 mathematical
5. Minutes needed formula needed
for the water to to calculate the
cool at 51 minute of the
water to reach
51
5
SOLUTION
Derivation Of the Formula
= ( )
dT
= kdt
(T Ts )
dT
= k dt
(T T_s )
ln(T Ts ) = kt + C
eln (T Ts ) = ekt+C
(T Ts ) = ekt+C , =
(T Ts ) = Aekt
6
List Of Data
= = () = =
*Formula used
( ) =
*Find constant A
( ) =
= =
T(t) = Aekt + Ts
95 = Aek(0) + 21
95 = A + 21
A = 74
7
*Finding k
Given after 10 minutes it cooled down to 85
T10 = 85 Ts = 21
T(t) = Aekt + Ts
T(10) = 74ekt + Ts
85 = 74ek(10) + 21
85 21
= ek(10)
74
64
ln = 10k
74
k = 0.0145
8
*Finding t when T(t) = 51
T(t) = 51 Ts = 21
T(t) = 74ekt + Ts
51 = +21
51 21
= e(0.0145)t
74
30
= 0.0145
74
t = 62.267 minutes
9
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, Newton's Law of Cooling proves that the rate of cooling is an exponential
function. The hot water cools by less and less as time progresses; it gets harder to cool because it
wants to reach equilibrium with the room temperature.
Newton law of cooling stated that the rate at which the temperature of cooling object decreases
was proportional to the difference between the temperature of the object and the temperature of
the surrounding medium. From the question, how many minutes will it take for the water to
reach a temperature of 51C if it cools to 85C in 10 minutes? So we solve it by using this
formula
(T Ts ) = Aekt .
The temperature T(t) is the temperature of the object at the time t, changes proportionally to the
difference between the temperature of object T(t) and Ts, the constant temperature of the
surrounding.
REFERENCE
1. Hjh. Nafisah @ Kamariah bt Hj Md Kmaruddin, Hj Zulkarnain bin Hj Md Amin and Hj

Mohd Lokoman Bin Kasiran, Engineering Mathematics II (DAS 20403), Penerbit UTHM,
Batu Pahat, Johor.
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_law_of_cooling
10

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CONTENT PAGES

Derivation Of the Formula

1. Hjh. Nafisah @ Kamariah bt Hj Md Kmaruddin, Hj Zulkarnain bin Hj Md Amin and Hj

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