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Chapter One Important Terms and Properties

This document defines important algebraic terms and properties. It discusses variables, expressions, equations, order of operations, and properties such as substitution, reflexive, symmetric, transitive, additive identity, and multiplicative identity. It also covers evaluating expressions, simplifying using commutative and associative properties, the distributive property, writing expressions in simplest form, and a four-step problem solving plan involving exploring, planning, solving, and examining.

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Lisa Henry
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103 views4 pages

Chapter One Important Terms and Properties

This document defines important algebraic terms and properties. It discusses variables, expressions, equations, order of operations, and properties such as substitution, reflexive, symmetric, transitive, additive identity, and multiplicative identity. It also covers evaluating expressions, simplifying using commutative and associative properties, the distributive property, writing expressions in simplest form, and a four-step problem solving plan involving exploring, planning, solving, and examining.

Uploaded by

Lisa Henry
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter One Important Terms and Properties

LT1: Translate words into algebraic expressions and equations.

variable - usually a ________-, it represents a ________ that _________

algebraic expression - contains at least one ___________ and at least one ________________

_________________

numerical expression - contains only ____________ and _________________ ______________

factors - quantities being _____________

product - result from a _______________ expression

quotient - result from a ___________ expression

equation - a mathematical ______________ that contains ________________________ (_____)

LT2: Use order of operations.


1. Find the values of the expressions inside ________ symbols, such as ______________,

___________________, and as indicated by _______________ ________-.

2. Do all _______________.

3. Do all ____________ and/or _________ from _________ to ________.

4. Do all ___________ and/or _____________ from _________ to ________.

LT3: Identify algebraic properties.


Properties of Equality
Symbols Numbers
Substitution If a = b, then a may be replaced If 9 + 2 = 11, then 9 + 2 may be replaced
by b. by 11.
Reflexive a=a 21 = 21
Symmetric If a = b, then b = a. If 10 = 4 + 6, then 4 + 6 = 10.
Transitive If a = b and b = c, then a = c. If 3 + 5 = 8 and 8 = 2(4), then 3 + 5 = 2(4).
Property Words Symbols Numbers

45 + 0 = 45
When 0 is added to any For any number a,
Additive Identity 0+6=6
number a, the sum is a. a + 0 = 0 + a = a.
0 is the identity.

When a number a is 12 x 1 = 12
Multiplicative For any number a, a x 1 =
multiplied by 1, the 1x5=5
Identity 1 x a = a.
product is a. 1 is the identity.

Multiplicative If 0 is a factor, the For any number a, a x 0 = 7 x 0 = 0


Property of Zero product is 0. 0 x a = 0. 0 x 23 = 0

LT4: Evaluate algebraic expressions.

evaluate - applying the __________________________ to _____________________ of an

___________________________.

LT5: Use the commutative and associative properties to simplify expressions.

Commutative Property of Addition: The __________ in which two numbers are _________ does

not __________________.
For any numbers a and b, a + b = b + a. 5+7=7+5

Commutative Property of Multiplication: The __________ in which two numbers are ________

does not _________________.


For any numbers a and b, ab = ba. 10 x 3 = 3 x 10

Associative Property of Addition: The way in which three numbers are ___________ when they

are ______________ does not __________________________.


For any numbers a, b, and c, (a + b) + c = a + (b + c). (24 + 8) + 2 = 24 + (8 + 2)

Associative Property of Multiplication: The way in which three numbers are _____________

when they are _____________ does not ______________________.


For any numbers a, b, and c, (ab)c = a(bc). (9 x 4) x 25 = 9 x (4 x 25)

Whole Numbers: {0, 1, 2, 3,....}


Closure Property of Whole Numbers: Because the sum or product of two _______________ is
also a _________________, the set of whole numbers is closed under _______________ and

___________________.
2 + 5 = 7, and 7 is a whole number. 2 x 5 = 10, and 10 is a whole number.

counterexample - an _______________ that shows the statement is _____________________.

LT6: Use the distributive property to evaluate expressions.


The Distributive Property:
For any numbers a, b, and c, a(b + c) = ______________ and a(b - c) = ___________________.
2(5 + 3) = (2 x 5) + (2 x 3) 2(5 - 3) = (2 x 5) - (2 x 3)

LT7: Write algebraic expressions in simplest form

term – a ___________, _____________, or product or quotient of ____________ and

____________

coefficient - the _________________________ of a term

like terms - terms that contain the _____________________________

equivalent expressions - expressions whose values are the same for

_____________________________

simplest form - an algebraic expression that has no _________________ and no ____________


LT8: Use a four-step plan to solve problems.
1. Explore

_________ the problem carefully. _____________ the information that is given and

___________what you need to __________.

2. Plan

Select a ______________ for solving the problem. (See page 24 for suggestions) If possible,

________________ what you think the answer should be before solving the problem.

3. Solve

Use your strategy to ______________________. You may have to choose _____________ for

________________, and then ___________________________. Be sure to

________________________________________________.

4. Examine

______________ your answer. Does it ________________? Is it ________________________

to _______________________________?

formula - an ______________ that states a rule for the _____________ between ____________

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