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Ndices: Base, Power Index Exponent

The document discusses indices and index form. It provides examples of writing numbers in index form using various bases like powers of 2, 3, 5, and 7. It also covers zero indices, raising indices to powers, simplifying expressions with indices, and calculating with indices.

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109 views4 pages

Ndices: Base, Power Index Exponent

The document discusses indices and index form. It provides examples of writing numbers in index form using various bases like powers of 2, 3, 5, and 7. It also covers zero indices, raising indices to powers, simplifying expressions with indices, and calculating with indices.

Uploaded by

api-383788708
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INDICES

Indices is the plural for Index.


2 4 represents a number written in Index Form, that is, 16 written in index form is 24.

16 24 2 2 2 2
24 2 is known as the base, and 4 is the power or index or exponent.

The base is usually written as a prime number.

Powers of 2 Powers of 3 Powers of 5 Powers of 7


20 = 1 30 = 1 50 = 1 70 = 1
21 = 2 31 = 3 51 = 5 71 = 7
22 = 4 32 = 9 52 = 25 72 = 49
23 = 8 33 = 27 53 = 125 73 = 343
24 = 16 34 = 81 54 = 625 74 = 2401
25 = 32 35 = 243 55 = 3125
26 = 64 36 = 729
27 = 128
28 = 256
29 = 512
210 = 1024
EXAMPLE: EXAMPLE:

Write 25 23 in index form.


Write 59 53 in index form.
SOLUTION
SOLUTION
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
5 3
59
59 53
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
ZERO INDEX EXAMPLE:
In general any number 1
0

Express 43 in index form.


5

Any number raise to the zero power is always


equal to 1.
SOLUTION

EXAMPLE
i 30 1 4
3 5
43 43 43 4 3 4 3

ii 1000 1 = 4 3 3 3 3 3

iii 24 24 2 4 4 20 1 435
415
If a power is raised to another power, we
keep the base, and multiply the powers.
52 523 56
3

EXAMPLE: EXAMPLE:

1 1 1


1 1 2
i 21 i Now 4 2 2 2 2
2 2
21 2
21 2
1 1 1 4 22 2
ii 22 2 =
And
2 2 2 4 1

1 1 1 Thus 4 4 2

iii 23 3
2 2 2 2 8 1
2
Hence 4 is the square root of 4.
1
iv 5
35
3
1 1 1
1 3
3 1
EXAMPLE
Simplify each of the following expressions:
i 2 x3 3x 2
SOLUTION
2 x 3 3 x 2 6 x 3 2 6 x 5

ii 3x 2 4 xy
SOLUTION
3x 2 4 xy 12 x 21 y 12 x 3 y

iii 5x y
4
2 3

SOLUTION

5x y
4
2 3
54 x 24 y 34 625 x8 y12

EXAMPLE: EXAMPLE:

645 1283 2435 273


Simplify Simplify
3210 818

SOLUTION SOLUTION
64 128
5 3
2435 273
Given that Given that
3210 818
2 6 5
(27 )3
=
3 3
5 5 3 3

=
(25 )10 3 4 8

230 221 325 39


= =
250 332
251 3259
50 =
EXERCISE C8

Simplify the following:

(1) p3 q2 pq5 (2) 7p5 q3 2p2 q

4x 2 3x 4 3x 2 4x 3
(3) (4)
3x 3 2x

3 5
(5) x 2 x 3 x 4 (6) a2 b 2 ab3

Calculate the values of the following:


1 2 -2
0 5
(7) 9 8 4
2 3
(8)
3

1 1 3
(9) 27 3 9 2 (10) 25 2

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